qiskit-quantum-backend-selector 0.1.0__tar.gz

qiskit_quantum_backend_selector-0.1.0/LICENSE

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qiskit_quantum_backend_selector-0.1.0/PKG-INFO

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+Metadata-Version: 2.4
+Name: qiskit-quantum-backend-selector
+Version: 0.1.0
+Summary: Noise- and queue-aware backend selection and routing for IBM Quantum backends
+Author: Rex Rowan
+License:                                  Apache License
+                                   Version 2.0, January 2004
+                                http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+        
+           TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+        
+           1. Definitions.
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+              "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
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+              otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+              outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+        
+              "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
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+        
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+              the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+              with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+        
+           6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
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+        
+           7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
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+           8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+              whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
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+              work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+              other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+              has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+        
+           9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+              the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+              and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
+              or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
+              License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+              on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+              of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+              defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+              incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
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+        
+           END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+        
+           APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+        
+              To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+              boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
+              replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
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+              file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
+              same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
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+        
+           Copyright 2026 Rex Rowan
+        
+           Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+           you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+           You may obtain a copy of the License at
+        
+               http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+        
+           Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+           distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+           WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+           See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+           limitations under the License.
+        
+Project-URL: Homepage, https://github.com/RexRowan/Qiskit-Quantum-Backend-Selector
+Requires-Python: >=3.9
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: qiskit<3,>=2.0
+Requires-Dist: qiskit-ibm-runtime<1,>=0.30
+Provides-Extra: test
+Requires-Dist: pytest>=7.0; extra == "test"
+Provides-Extra: validate
+Requires-Dist: qiskit-aer>=0.13; extra == "validate"
+Dynamic: license-file
+
+# Qiskit Quantum Backend Selector
+
+[![Tests](https://github.com/RexRowan/Qiskit-Quantum-Backend-Selector/actions/workflows/tests.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/RexRowan/Qiskit-Quantum-Backend-Selector/actions/workflows/tests.yml)
+
+Noise- and queue-aware backend selection and routing for IBM Quantum
+backends, built on `qiskit-ibm-runtime`.
+
+`QiskitRuntimeService.least_busy()` only looks at queue depth. This
+package scores candidate backends per-circuit — factoring in whether the
+circuit actually fits, and (optionally) an estimate of expected fidelity
+after transpilation — then can route job submission with automatic
+failover if a backend errors out.
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+pip install qiskit-quantum-backend-selector
+```
+
+Or from source:
+
+```bash
+pip install -e .
+```
+
+## Quick start
+
+```python
+from qiskit import QuantumCircuit
+from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService
+from qiskit_backend_selector import BackendSelector, HybridScoring
+
+service = QiskitRuntimeService()
+selector = BackendSelector(service=service, strategy=HybridScoring())
+
+qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2)
+qc.h(0)
+qc.cx(0, 1)
+qc.measure([0, 1], [0, 1])
+
+best_backend = selector.select(qc)
+```
+
+With automatic failover on submission errors:
+
+```python
+from qiskit_ibm_runtime import SamplerV2 as Sampler
+from qiskit_backend_selector import BackendRouter
+
+router = BackendRouter(selector, max_attempts=3)
+
+def submit(backend, circuit):
+    sampler = Sampler(mode=backend)
+    return sampler.run([circuit])
+
+job = router.submit(qc, submit)
+```
+
+## Scoring strategies
+
+- **`QueueOnlyScoring`** — ranks by reported pending-job count. Cheap,
+  equivalent in spirit to `least_busy()`.
+- **`NoiseAwareScoring`** — transpiles the circuit against each candidate
+  backend's real coupling map and basis gates, then estimates fidelity by
+  multiplying per-gate and per-readout error rates from `backend.properties()`
+  along the transpiled circuit.
+- **`HybridScoring`** — weighted sum of the two above (`queue_weight`,
+  `noise_weight`, defaults 0.4/0.6).
+
+Any strategy that implements `score(backend, circuit) -> float | None`
+can be dropped in; returning `None` excludes a backend (e.g. it doesn't
+have enough qubits for the circuit).
+
+`QueueOnlyScoring`, `NoiseAwareScoring`, and `HybridScoring` all accept
+an optional `CalibrationCache` (see `monitor.py`) to avoid refetching
+`backend.status()`/`backend.properties()` on every call when scoring
+many circuits in a short window:
+
+```python
+from qiskit_backend_selector import HybridScoring, CalibrationCache
+
+queue_cache = CalibrationCache(ttl_seconds=30)     # queue depth changes fast
+noise_cache = CalibrationCache(ttl_seconds=3600)   # calibration data doesn't
+strategy = HybridScoring(queue_cache=queue_cache, noise_cache=noise_cache)
+```
+
+## Live smoke test
+
+`scripts/live_smoke_test.py` exercises this against a real
+`QiskitRuntimeService` — real auth, real calibration data, an actual job
+submission — none of which the fake-backend test suite covers. Run it
+manually with your own IBM Quantum credentials configured:
+
+```bash
+python scripts/live_smoke_test.py
+```
+
+This has been **run twice against a live service (2026-09-03)**. First
+run caught a real bug (non-ISA circuit submission — see below, fixed in
+`router.py`); second run, after the fix, submitted cleanly to `ibm_fez`
+and returned a real `RuntimeJobV2`. Re-run after any further change to
+`router.py` or `scoring.py`.
+
+## Fidelity estimate: validation status
+
+`scripts/validate_fidelity_estimate.py` checks `NoiseAwareScoring`'s
+analytic prediction against a Qiskit Aer noise-model simulation built from
+the same calibration data (`AerSimulator.from_backend`). Sample results:
+
+| Circuit / backend       | Predicted | Simulated | Diff    |
+|--------------------------|-----------|-----------|---------|
+| bell_pair / Manila        | 0.9351    | 0.9395    | -0.0044 |
+| bell_pair / Sherbrooke     | 0.9565    | 0.9602    | -0.0037 |
+| ghz3 / Manila             | 0.8332    | 0.8397    | -0.0066 |
+| ghz5 / Sherbrooke          | 0.8805    | 0.8869    | -0.0064 |
+| ghz4 / Manila             | 0.8119    | 0.8292    | -0.0174 |
+
+Agreement is within ~0.02 across these cases, and `tests/test_fidelity_validation.py`
+regression-tests this stays under a 0.05 tolerance (skipped automatically
+if the optional `qiskit-aer` extra isn't installed: `pip install -e ".[validate]"`).
+
+**Read this narrowly.** Aer's noise model is built from the *same*
+calibration numbers `NoiseAwareScoring` reads, using thermal-relaxation and
+depolarizing channels per gate — which are themselves built from
+independence assumptions similar to the analytic estimate's. Close
+agreement here shows the analytic math is a reasonable approximation *of
+that noise model*, not that the noise model matches a real device on any
+given day. It does not touch crosstalk, calibration drift, or correlated
+errors — the gap flagged below still stands until validated against an
+actual hardware run.
+
+## Known limitations
+
+- **Independent-error assumption.** `NoiseAwareScoring` multiplies gate
+  and readout error rates as if they were independent. Checked against
+  Aer noise-model simulation (see above) it tracks within ~0.02 — but
+  that simulation shares the same independence assumptions, so this
+  doesn't rule out systematic overstatement on real hardware, where
+  crosstalk, drift, and spatially correlated errors aren't Markovian
+  per-gate channels. Treat it as a *relative* ranking signal until
+  checked against real device results.
+- **Transpile cost.** Noise-aware scoring transpiles the circuit against
+  every candidate backend on every call. `CalibrationCache` (now wired in)
+  avoids refetching `status()`/`properties()`, but transpilation itself
+  isn't cached — for large batches of circuits against many backends this
+  still gets expensive.
+- **Queue score ignores job cost.** `QueueOnlyScoring` counts pending jobs,
+  not their size or expected runtime, so it can't tell a queue of five
+  quick jobs from a queue of five expensive ones.
+- **Hybrid weights are defaults, not tuned.** The 0.4/0.6 split in
+  `HybridScoring` is a reasonable starting point, not the result of
+  empirical calibration against real turnaround-time or fidelity data.
+- **No live-service integration tests in CI.** `scripts/live_smoke_test.py`
+  has been run manually twice: once caught a real bug (non-ISA circuit
+  submission, fixed — see above), once confirmed the fix works end-to-end
+  against real hardware (`ibm_fez`, job `daciemu42tqs73as7h10`). It still
+  isn't run automatically, so nothing currently prevents a future
+  regression from reaching a release without someone running it manually.
+  `BackendRouter`'s failover path itself is still verified only against
+  injected `submit_fn`s in pytest, not real Runtime error modes like auth
+  failures, rate limits, or mid-job backend retirement.
+- **Static circuit assumption.** Scoring assumes a fixed circuit width
+  known ahead of time. Dynamic circuits with mid-circuit measurement and
+  classical feedforward are transpiled and scored the same way, but the
+  fidelity estimate doesn't account for any additional overhead specific
+  to dynamic execution.
+
+## License
+
+Apache-2.0