pregen 0.1.0__tar.gz

pregen-0.1.0/LICENSE

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pregen-0.1.0/PKG-INFO

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+Metadata-Version: 2.4
+Name: pregen
+Version: 0.1.0
+Summary: Verify PRE-GEN signatures against the signed registry directory, with the PRE-GEN steward key built in
+Author: Valerii Egorov (Pastheroza)
+License-Expression: Apache-2.0
+Project-URL: Homepage, https://www.pregen.org
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site/tree/main/packages/verify-py
+Keywords: pre-gen,pregen,pre-generation authorization,ed25519,verification
+Requires-Python: >=3.9
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: cryptography>=42
+Dynamic: license-file
+
+# pregen
+
+Checks that a PRE-GEN decision or license was really signed by the registry
+that owns its PG code, using the signed registry directory at
+[pregen.org](https://www.pregen.org/registries.json). The PRE-GEN steward key
+is built in. Same API as the npm package `@pregen/verify`.
+
+```python
+import pregen
+
+directory = pregen.load_directory(min_sequence=saved_sequence)
+save_sequence(directory.sequence)              # refuse older copies next time
+
+# decision: the JSON a registry returned from /v1/verify
+# code: the PG code you asked about (the license id, or the subject code)
+if not pregen.verify_decision(decision, code, directory):
+    raise RuntimeError("not genuine")
+```
+
+The chain it checks:
+
+1. the directory is signed by the PRE-GEN steward key
+   (`pg-ed25519:dcdd244659e6d0e2426f2b504cb11590`) and is not older than one
+   you have seen;
+2. the code's namespace (bare `PG-…` or a four-letter prefix) belongs to one
+   listed registry;
+3. the decision's `operator_key_id` is one of that registry's listed keys, and
+   the key its key set serves hashes to that fingerprint;
+4. the Ed25519 signature over the canonical JSON verifies.
+
+What it does **not** check, and you still must (`PRE-GEN-SPEC.md` §5.4):
+that the decision answers your own request (V-4), has not expired (V-3),
+carries a verified user binding when you named a user (V-13), and that
+`disposition` is `allow` before you generate (P-5). A listing in the directory
+proves which registry may issue a code, not that it holds any right over a
+person or a work.
+
+Also: `verify_directory`, `Directory.check_signer` / `registry_for` /
+`public_key`, `verify_license` (subject signature plus operator
+countersignature), `verify_signed`, `canonical_json`, `fingerprint`, `issuer_of`.
+
+Tests: `pytest packages/verify-py/tests`, and the PRE-GEN Level 1 vectors with
+`python3 spec/conformance/level1/run_conformance.py --adapter "python3 packages/verify-py/tests/conformance_adapter.py"`.
+
+Apache-2.0. Part of the PRE-GEN standard,
+[github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site](https://github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site).

pregen-0.1.0/README.md

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+# pregen
+
+Checks that a PRE-GEN decision or license was really signed by the registry
+that owns its PG code, using the signed registry directory at
+[pregen.org](https://www.pregen.org/registries.json). The PRE-GEN steward key
+is built in. Same API as the npm package `@pregen/verify`.
+
+```python
+import pregen
+
+directory = pregen.load_directory(min_sequence=saved_sequence)
+save_sequence(directory.sequence)              # refuse older copies next time
+
+# decision: the JSON a registry returned from /v1/verify
+# code: the PG code you asked about (the license id, or the subject code)
+if not pregen.verify_decision(decision, code, directory):
+    raise RuntimeError("not genuine")
+```
+
+The chain it checks:
+
+1. the directory is signed by the PRE-GEN steward key
+   (`pg-ed25519:dcdd244659e6d0e2426f2b504cb11590`) and is not older than one
+   you have seen;
+2. the code's namespace (bare `PG-…` or a four-letter prefix) belongs to one
+   listed registry;
+3. the decision's `operator_key_id` is one of that registry's listed keys, and
+   the key its key set serves hashes to that fingerprint;
+4. the Ed25519 signature over the canonical JSON verifies.
+
+What it does **not** check, and you still must (`PRE-GEN-SPEC.md` §5.4):
+that the decision answers your own request (V-4), has not expired (V-3),
+carries a verified user binding when you named a user (V-13), and that
+`disposition` is `allow` before you generate (P-5). A listing in the directory
+proves which registry may issue a code, not that it holds any right over a
+person or a work.
+
+Also: `verify_directory`, `Directory.check_signer` / `registry_for` /
+`public_key`, `verify_license` (subject signature plus operator
+countersignature), `verify_signed`, `canonical_json`, `fingerprint`, `issuer_of`.
+
+Tests: `pytest packages/verify-py/tests`, and the PRE-GEN Level 1 vectors with
+`python3 spec/conformance/level1/run_conformance.py --adapter "python3 packages/verify-py/tests/conformance_adapter.py"`.
+
+Apache-2.0. Part of the PRE-GEN standard,
+[github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site](https://github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site).

pregen-0.1.0/pregen/__init__.py

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+"""pregen — check PRE-GEN signatures against the signed registry directory
+(PG-CODE.md §9.1, PRE-GEN-SPEC.md §2, V-9 to V-12). The PRE-GEN steward key is
+built in. Same API as the npm package @pregen/verify.
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import json
+import re
+import urllib.request
+from copy import deepcopy
+from urllib.parse import urlsplit
+
+from cryptography.exceptions import InvalidSignature
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ed25519 import Ed25519PublicKey
+
+__version__ = "0.1.0"
+__all__ = [
+    "STEWARD_PUBLIC_KEY_HEX", "DIRECTORY_URL", "PregenError", "Directory", "canonical_json",
+    "fingerprint", "verify_bytes", "verify_signed", "verify_license", "issuer_of",
+    "verify_directory", "load_directory", "verify_decision",
+]
+
+STEWARD_PUBLIC_KEY_HEX = "5cb949aab04186e3e216ec541b847c912fc3f78138c0ec3cb2560b2dad0d1f1b"
+DIRECTORY_URL = "https://www.pregen.org/registries.json"
+SCHEMA = "pregen.registries.v2"
+_MAX_INT = 2**53 - 1
+_PREFIX = re.compile(r"[ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ]{4}")
+_FINGERPRINT = re.compile(r"pg-ed25519:[0-9a-f]{32}")
+_ISSUER_IN_CODE = re.compile(r"^PG-([ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ]{4})-")
+_BARE_CODE = re.compile(r"^PG-(?:(?:STD|SUB|PRM|RND)-)?[0-9]")
+
+
+class PregenError(ValueError):
+    """Not something a verifier may accept."""
+
+
+def canonical_json(value) -> bytes:
+    """Canonical JSON (PRE-GEN-SPEC.md §2), UTF-8 encoded."""
+    def check(v):
+        if v is None or type(v) is bool:
+            return
+        if type(v) is int:
+            if abs(v) > _MAX_INT:
+                raise PregenError("signed JSON numbers must be safe integers")
+        elif isinstance(v, str):
+            try:
+                v.encode("utf-8")
+            except UnicodeError as e:
+                raise PregenError("invalid Unicode in signed JSON") from e
+        elif isinstance(v, list):
+            for item in v:
+                check(item)
+        elif isinstance(v, dict):
+            for k, item in v.items():
+                if not isinstance(k, str):
+                    raise PregenError("signed JSON keys must be strings")
+                check(k)
+                check(item)
+        else:
+            raise PregenError("signed JSON must contain only JSON values and integers")
+    check(value)
+    return json.dumps(value, sort_keys=True, separators=(",", ":"), ensure_ascii=False,
+                      allow_nan=False).encode("utf-8")
+
+
+def fingerprint(public_key_hex: str) -> str:
+    """"pg-ed25519:" + first 32 hex of SHA-256(raw public key) (§2.1)."""
+    if not isinstance(public_key_hex, str) or not re.fullmatch(r"[0-9a-fA-F]{64}", public_key_hex):
+        raise PregenError("public key must be 32 bytes of hex")
+    return "pg-ed25519:" + hashlib.sha256(bytes.fromhex(public_key_hex)).hexdigest()[:32]
+
+
+def verify_bytes(public_key_hex: str, signature_hex: str, message: bytes) -> bool:
+    """Ed25519 over raw bytes. False on any bad signature or key encoding."""
+    try:
+        Ed25519PublicKey.from_public_bytes(bytes.fromhex(public_key_hex)).verify(
+            bytes.fromhex(signature_hex), message)
+        return True
+    except (InvalidSignature, ValueError, TypeError):
+        return False
+
+
+def verify_signed(obj: dict, public_key_hex: str, signature_field: str, exclude=None) -> bool:
+    """Verify obj[signature_field] over the canonical JSON of obj without the excluded fields."""
+    if not isinstance(obj, dict):
+        return False
+    exclude = exclude or [signature_field]
+    body = {k: v for k, v in obj.items() if k not in exclude}
+    return verify_bytes(public_key_hex, str(obj.get(signature_field, "")), canonical_json(body))
+
+
+def verify_license(body: dict, license_id: str, subject_public_key_hex: str, subject_signature_hex: str,
+                   operator_public_key_hex: str, operator_signature_hex: str) -> dict:
+    """A license (§1.2): subject signature over the body; operator countersignature over
+    canonical body || subject signature (64 raw bytes) || license id (ASCII)."""
+    body_bytes = canonical_json(body)
+    subject_valid = verify_bytes(subject_public_key_hex, subject_signature_hex, body_bytes)
+    try:
+        message = body_bytes + bytes.fromhex(subject_signature_hex) + str(license_id).encode("utf-8")
+        operator_valid = len(bytes.fromhex(subject_signature_hex)) == 64 and verify_bytes(
+            operator_public_key_hex, operator_signature_hex, message)
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        operator_valid = False
+    return {"subject_valid": subject_valid, "operator_valid": operator_valid}
+
+
+def issuer_of(code: str) -> str:
+    """The namespace of a PG code: its four-letter prefix, or "" for the bare namespace."""
+    if not isinstance(code, str):
+        raise PregenError("PG code must be a string")
+    c = code.strip().upper()
+    m = _ISSUER_IN_CODE.match(c)
+    if m:
+        return m.group(1)
+    if not _BARE_CODE.match(c):
+        raise PregenError("unrecognized PG namespace")
+    return ""
+
+
+def _https_url(value, field):
+    try:
+        url = urlsplit(value)
+        url.port  # rejects invalid ports
+    except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError) as e:
+        raise PregenError(f"registry {field} must be a URL") from e
+    if url.scheme != "https" or not url.hostname or url.username or url.password or url.query or url.fragment:
+        raise PregenError(f"registry {field} must use HTTPS without credentials, query or fragment")
+
+
+def _check_invariants(d):
+    if not isinstance(d, dict):
+        raise PregenError("directory must be an object")
+    if d.get("schema") != SCHEMA:
+        raise PregenError(f"schema must be {SCHEMA}")
+    seq = d.get("sequence")
+    if type(seq) is not int or not 1 <= seq <= _MAX_INT:
+        raise PregenError("sequence must be a positive integer")
+    if not _FINGERPRINT.fullmatch(str(d.get("steward_key_id", ""))):
+        raise PregenError("steward_key_id must be a pg-ed25519 fingerprint")
+    regs = d.get("registries")
+    if not isinstance(regs, list) or not regs:
+        raise PregenError("registries must be a non-empty list")
+    seen = set()
+    for r in regs:
+        if not isinstance(r, dict):
+            raise PregenError("registry entry must be an object")
+        if not isinstance(r.get("name"), str) or not r["name"].strip():
+            raise PregenError("registry name must be nonempty")
+        _https_url(r.get("api"), "api")
+        _https_url(r.get("keys"), "keys")
+        prefix = r.get("prefix")
+        if prefix != "" and not (isinstance(prefix, str) and _PREFIX.fullmatch(prefix)):
+            raise PregenError(f"bad prefix {prefix!r}")
+        if prefix in seen:
+            raise PregenError("the bare namespace is listed twice" if prefix == "" else f"prefix {prefix} is listed twice")
+        seen.add(prefix)
+        fps = r.get("key_fingerprints")
+        if not isinstance(fps, list) or not fps or not all(_FINGERPRINT.fullmatch(str(f)) for f in fps):
+            raise PregenError(f"registry {r.get('name')!r}: key_fingerprints must list pg-ed25519 fingerprints")
+    if "" not in seen:
+        raise PregenError("no registry holds the bare namespace")
+
+
+def _get_json(url: str):
+    # urllib follows redirects; a registry key set or directory has no reason to redirect.
+    class _NoRedirect(urllib.request.HTTPRedirectHandler):
+        def redirect_request(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise PregenError(f"refusing redirect from {url}")
+    opener = urllib.request.build_opener(_NoRedirect)
+    with opener.open(urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"Accept": "application/json"}), timeout=10) as res:
+        return json.loads(res.read().decode("utf-8"))
+
+
+class Directory:
+    """A directory accepted under V-12. Get one from verify_directory() or load_directory()."""
+
+    def __init__(self, directory: dict, _token=None):
+        if _token is not _TOKEN:
+            raise PregenError("use verify_directory() or load_directory()")
+        self._d = deepcopy(directory)
+
+    @property
+    def sequence(self) -> int:
+        """Store it and pass it back as min_sequence, so an older directory is refused."""
+        return self._d["sequence"]
+
+    @property
+    def registries(self) -> list:
+        return deepcopy(self._d["registries"])
+
+    def registry_for(self, code: str):
+        """The registry that owns a code's namespace (resolve codes only there, V-11), or None."""
+        try:
+            issuer = issuer_of(code)
+        except PregenError:
+            return None
+        r = next((x for x in self._d["registries"] if x["prefix"] == issuer), None)
+        return deepcopy(r) if r else None
+
+    def check_signer(self, code: str, signer_key_id: str) -> str:
+        """V-10: "valid", "unknown_issuer" or "issuer_mismatch"."""
+        r = self.registry_for(code)
+        if r is None:
+            return "unknown_issuer"
+        return "valid" if signer_key_id in r["key_fingerprints"] else "issuer_mismatch"
+
+    def public_key(self, code: str, key_id: str, get_json=_get_json) -> str:
+        """The owner's public key for key_id, from its key set, checked against the listed fingerprint."""
+        verdict = self.check_signer(code, key_id)
+        if verdict != "valid":
+            raise PregenError(f"{key_id} may not sign {code}: {verdict}")
+        keys = get_json(self.registry_for(code)["keys"]).get("keys") or []
+        entry = next((k for k in keys if isinstance(k, dict) and k.get("key_id") == key_id), None)
+        if entry is None or fingerprint(entry.get("public_key_hex")) != key_id:
+            raise PregenError(f"no key {key_id} in the key set")
+        return entry["public_key_hex"]
+
+
+_TOKEN = object()
+
+
+def verify_directory(directory: dict, steward_public_key_hex: str = STEWARD_PUBLIC_KEY_HEX,
+                     min_sequence: int = 0) -> Directory:
+    """V-12: accept the directory only with the pinned steward's signature, its
+    invariants, and a sequence no lower than one already seen."""
+    if type(min_sequence) is not int or not 0 <= min_sequence <= _MAX_INT:
+        raise PregenError("min_sequence must be a nonnegative integer")
+    _check_invariants(directory)
+    if directory["steward_key_id"] != fingerprint(steward_public_key_hex):
+        raise PregenError("signed by a different steward key")
+    if not verify_signed(directory, steward_public_key_hex, "signature"):
+        raise PregenError("bad steward signature")
+    if directory["sequence"] < min_sequence:
+        raise PregenError(f"sequence {directory['sequence']} is older than {min_sequence} already seen")
+    return Directory(directory, _TOKEN)
+
+
+def load_directory(url: str = DIRECTORY_URL, min_sequence: int = 0, get_json=_get_json) -> Directory:
+    """Download and verify the directory from pregen.org."""
+    return verify_directory(get_json(url), min_sequence=min_sequence)
+
+
+def verify_decision(decision: dict, code: str, directory: Directory = None, get_json=_get_json) -> bool:
+    """Step 4 in one call: is this registry decision genuine, and signed by a key of the
+    registry that owns `code`? Request matching and expiry (V-3, V-4, V-13) stay with the caller."""
+    directory = directory or load_directory(get_json=get_json)
+    key = directory.public_key(code, (decision or {}).get("operator_key_id"), get_json=get_json)
+    return verify_signed(decision, key, "operator_signature")

pregen-0.1.0/pregen.egg-info/PKG-INFO

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.4
+Name: pregen
+Version: 0.1.0
+Summary: Verify PRE-GEN signatures against the signed registry directory, with the PRE-GEN steward key built in
+Author: Valerii Egorov (Pastheroza)
+License-Expression: Apache-2.0
+Project-URL: Homepage, https://www.pregen.org
+Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site/tree/main/packages/verify-py
+Keywords: pre-gen,pregen,pre-generation authorization,ed25519,verification
+Requires-Python: >=3.9
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: cryptography>=42
+Dynamic: license-file
+
+# pregen
+
+Checks that a PRE-GEN decision or license was really signed by the registry
+that owns its PG code, using the signed registry directory at
+[pregen.org](https://www.pregen.org/registries.json). The PRE-GEN steward key
+is built in. Same API as the npm package `@pregen/verify`.
+
+```python
+import pregen
+
+directory = pregen.load_directory(min_sequence=saved_sequence)
+save_sequence(directory.sequence)              # refuse older copies next time
+
+# decision: the JSON a registry returned from /v1/verify
+# code: the PG code you asked about (the license id, or the subject code)
+if not pregen.verify_decision(decision, code, directory):
+    raise RuntimeError("not genuine")
+```
+
+The chain it checks:
+
+1. the directory is signed by the PRE-GEN steward key
+   (`pg-ed25519:dcdd244659e6d0e2426f2b504cb11590`) and is not older than one
+   you have seen;
+2. the code's namespace (bare `PG-…` or a four-letter prefix) belongs to one
+   listed registry;
+3. the decision's `operator_key_id` is one of that registry's listed keys, and
+   the key its key set serves hashes to that fingerprint;
+4. the Ed25519 signature over the canonical JSON verifies.
+
+What it does **not** check, and you still must (`PRE-GEN-SPEC.md` §5.4):
+that the decision answers your own request (V-4), has not expired (V-3),
+carries a verified user binding when you named a user (V-13), and that
+`disposition` is `allow` before you generate (P-5). A listing in the directory
+proves which registry may issue a code, not that it holds any right over a
+person or a work.
+
+Also: `verify_directory`, `Directory.check_signer` / `registry_for` /
+`public_key`, `verify_license` (subject signature plus operator
+countersignature), `verify_signed`, `canonical_json`, `fingerprint`, `issuer_of`.
+
+Tests: `pytest packages/verify-py/tests`, and the PRE-GEN Level 1 vectors with
+`python3 spec/conformance/level1/run_conformance.py --adapter "python3 packages/verify-py/tests/conformance_adapter.py"`.
+
+Apache-2.0. Part of the PRE-GEN standard,
+[github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site](https://github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site).

pregen-0.1.0/pregen.egg-info/SOURCES.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+LICENSE
+README.md
+pyproject.toml
+pregen/__init__.py
+pregen.egg-info/PKG-INFO
+pregen.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
+pregen.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
+pregen.egg-info/requires.txt
+pregen.egg-info/top_level.txt
+tests/test_verify.py

pregen-0.1.0/pregen.egg-info/dependency_links.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

pregen-0.1.0/pregen.egg-info/requires.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+cryptography>=42

pregen-0.1.0/pregen.egg-info/top_level.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pregen

pregen-0.1.0/pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools>=69"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "pregen"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Verify PRE-GEN signatures against the signed registry directory, with the PRE-GEN steward key built in"
+readme = "README.md"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+license-files = ["LICENSE"]
+requires-python = ">=3.9"
+dependencies = ["cryptography>=42"]
+authors = [{ name = "Valerii Egorov (Pastheroza)" }]
+keywords = ["pre-gen", "pregen", "pre-generation authorization", "ed25519", "verification"]
+
+[project.urls]
+Homepage = "https://www.pregen.org"
+Source = "https://github.com/Pastheroza/PRE-GEN-site/tree/main/packages/verify-py"
+
+[tool.setuptools]
+packages = ["pregen"]

pregen-0.1.0/setup.cfg

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[egg_info]
+tag_build = 
+tag_date = 0
+

pregen-0.1.0/tests/test_verify.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ed25519 import Ed25519PrivateKey
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import Encoding, PublicFormat
+
+sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]))
+from pregen import PregenError, canonical_json, fingerprint, verify_decision, verify_directory  # noqa: E402
+
+
+class Key:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.k = Ed25519PrivateKey.generate()
+        self.pub = self.k.public_key().public_bytes(Encoding.Raw, PublicFormat.Raw).hex()
+        self.id = fingerprint(self.pub)
+
+    def sign(self, obj, field):
+        body = {k: v for k, v in obj.items() if k != field}
+        return {**obj, field: self.k.sign(canonical_json(body)).hex()}
+
+
+steward, origin, other = Key(), Key(), Key()
+KEY_SETS = {"https://origin.test/keys": {"keys": [{"key_id": origin.id, "public_key_hex": origin.pub}]},
+            "https://other.test/keys": {"keys": [{"key_id": other.id, "public_key_hex": other.pub}]}}
+
+
+def directory(sequence=2, registries=None):
+    return steward.sign({"schema": "pregen.registries.v2", "sequence": sequence, "steward_key_id": steward.id,
+                         "registries": registries or [
+                             {"name": "Origin", "prefix": "", "api": "https://origin.test",
+                              "keys": "https://origin.test/keys", "key_fingerprints": [origin.id]},
+                             {"name": "Other", "prefix": "NWRD", "api": "https://other.test",
+                              "keys": "https://other.test/keys", "key_fingerprints": [other.id]}]}, "signature")
+
+
+def load(d, min_sequence=0):
+    return verify_directory(d, steward.pub, min_sequence)
+
+
+def test_directory_signed_by_pinned_steward_is_accepted():
+    assert load(directory()).sequence == 2
+
+
+def test_tampered_foreign_older_or_malformed_directory_is_refused():
+    d = directory()
+    with pytest.raises(PregenError):
+        load({**d, "registries": d["registries"][:1]})
+    with pytest.raises(PregenError, match="different steward"):
+        verify_directory(d)  # the default pin is the real steward key
+    with pytest.raises(PregenError, match="older"):
+        load(d, 3)
+    with pytest.raises(PregenError, match="HTTPS"):
+        load(directory(registries=[{"name": "X", "prefix": "", "api": "http://x.test", "keys": "https://x.test/k",
+                                    "key_fingerprints": [origin.id]}]))
+
+
+def test_namespaces_are_symmetric():
+    dir_ = load(directory())
+    assert dir_.check_signer("PG-000042*", origin.id) == "valid"
+    assert dir_.check_signer("PG-000042*", other.id) == "issuer_mismatch"
+    assert dir_.check_signer("PG-NWRD-000042-K", other.id) == "valid"
+    assert dir_.check_signer("PG-NWRD-000042-K", origin.id) == "issuer_mismatch"
+    assert dir_.check_signer("PG-ABCD-000042-K", origin.id) == "unknown_issuer"
+
+
+def test_decision_is_genuine_only_from_the_namespace_owner():
+    dir_ = load(directory())
+    get = KEY_SETS.__getitem__
+    decision = origin.sign({"decision_id": "d1", "allowed": True, "license_id": "PG-RND-000042-ZZZZZZ1",
+                            "operator_key_id": origin.id}, "operator_signature")
+    assert verify_decision(decision, decision["license_id"], dir_, get) is True
+    assert verify_decision({**decision, "allowed": False}, decision["license_id"], dir_, get) is False
+    forged = other.sign({"decision_id": "d2", "allowed": True, "operator_key_id": other.id}, "operator_signature")
+    with pytest.raises(PregenError, match="issuer_mismatch"):
+        verify_decision(forged, "PG-000042*", dir_, get)
+    swapped = {"https://origin.test/keys": {"keys": [{"key_id": origin.id, "public_key_hex": other.pub}]}}
+    with pytest.raises(PregenError, match="no key"):
+        verify_decision(decision, decision["license_id"], dir_, swapped.__getitem__)
+
+
+def test_canonical_json_refuses_unportable_values():
+    for bad in ({"x": 1.5}, {"x": 2**53}, {"x": "\ud800"}, {"x": object()}):
+        with pytest.raises(PregenError):
+            canonical_json(bad)
+