passagemath-flint 10.5.42__cp311-cp311-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl → 10.6.1rc1__cp311-cp311-macosx_14_0_arm64.whl

sage/rings/complex_arb.pyx

@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ class ComplexBallField(UniqueRepresentation, sage.rings.abc.ComplexBallField):
         else:
             raise ValueError("only one generator")
 
-    def gens(self):
+    def gens(self) -> tuple:
         r"""
         Return the tuple of generators of this complex ball field, i.e.
         ``(i,)``.
@@ -790,27 +790,28 @@ class ComplexBallField(UniqueRepresentation, sage.rings.abc.ComplexBallField):
             ...
             ValueError: polynomial with interval coefficients, use multiplicities=False
 
-            sage: (x^4 - 1/3).roots(multiplicities=False) # indirect doctest
-            [[-0.759835685651593 +/- ...e-16] + [+/- ...e-16]*I,
-             [0.759835685651593 +/- ...e-16] + [+/- ...e-16]*I,
-             [+/- ...e-16] + [0.759835685651593 +/- ...e-16]*I,
-             [+/- ...e-16] + [-0.759835685651593 +/- ...e-16]*I]
+            sage: set((x^4 - 1/3).roots(multiplicities=False))  # indirect doctest
+            {[+/- 1.27e-16] + [-0.759835685651593 +/- 5.90e-16]*I,
+             [+/- 1.27e-16] + [0.759835685651593 +/- 5.90e-16]*I,
+             [-0.759835685651593 +/- 5.90e-16] + [+/- 1.27e-16]*I,
+             [0.759835685651593 +/- 5.90e-16] + [+/- 1.27e-16]*I}
 
-            sage: (x^4 - 1/3).roots(RBF, multiplicities=False)
-            [[-0.759835685651593 +/- ...e-16], [0.759835685651593 +/- ...e-16]]
+            sage: set((x^4 - 1/3).roots(RBF, multiplicities=False))
+            {[-0.759835685651593 +/- 5.90e-16], [0.759835685651593 +/- 5.90e-16]}
 
-            sage: (x^4 - 3).roots(RealBallField(100), multiplicities=False)
-            [[-1.316074012952492460819218901797 +/- ...e-34],
-             [1.316074012952492460819218901797 +/- ...e-34]]
+            sage: set((x^4 - 3).roots(RealBallField(100), multiplicities=False))
+            {[-1.316074012952492460819218901797 +/- 9.7e-34],
+             [1.316074012952492460819218901797 +/- 9.7e-34]}
 
-            sage: (x^4 - 3).roots(ComplexIntervalField(100), multiplicities=False)
+            sage: sorted((x^4 - 3).roots(ComplexIntervalField(100),
+            ....:                        multiplicities=False), key=repr)
             [-1.31607401295249246081921890180? + 0.?e-37*I,
-             1.31607401295249246081921890180? + 0.?e-37*I,
              0.?e-37 + 1.31607401295249246081921890180?*I,
-             0.?e-37 - 1.31607401295249246081921890180?*I]
+             0.?e-37 - 1.31607401295249246081921890180?*I,
+             1.31607401295249246081921890180? + 0.?e-37*I]
 
-            sage: (x^2 - i/3).roots(ComplexBallField(2), multiplicities=False)
-            [[+/- 0.409] + [+/- 0.409]*I, [+/- 0.409] + [+/- 0.409]*I]
+            sage: set((x^2 - i/3).roots(ComplexBallField(2), multiplicities=False))
+            {[+/- 0.409] + [+/- 0.409]*I, [+/- 0.409] + [+/- 0.409]*I}
 
             sage: ((x - 1)^2).roots(multiplicities=False)
             Traceback (most recent call last):
@@ -820,8 +821,8 @@ class ComplexBallField(UniqueRepresentation, sage.rings.abc.ComplexBallField):
             sage: ((x - 1)^2).roots(multiplicities=False, proof=False)
             doctest:...
             UserWarning: roots may have been lost...
-            [[1.00000000000 +/- ...e-12] + [+/- ...e-11]*I,
-             [1.0000000000 +/- ...e-12] + [+/- ...e-12]*I]
+            [[1.000000000... +/- ...] + [+/- ...]*I,
+             [1.000000000... +/- ...] + [+/- ...]*I]
 
             sage: pol = x^7 - 2*(1000*x - 1)^2 # Mignotte polynomial
             sage: pol.roots(multiplicities=False)
@@ -846,7 +847,7 @@ class ComplexBallField(UniqueRepresentation, sage.rings.abc.ComplexBallField):
             sage: ((x - 1)^2 + 2^(-70)*i/3).roots(RBF, multiplicities=False)
             Traceback (most recent call last):
             ...
-            ValueError: unable to determine which roots are real
+            ValueError: ...
 
         TESTS::
 
@@ -4264,14 +4265,14 @@ cdef class ComplexBall(RingElement):
 
         EXAMPLES::
 
-            sage: CBF(1, 1).Ei()
-            [1.76462598556385 +/- ...e-15] + [2.38776985151052 +/- ...e-15]*I
+            sage: CBF(1, 1).Ei()  # abs tol 6e-15
+            [1.76462598556385 +/- 6.03e-15] + [2.38776985151052 +/- 4.23e-15]*I
             sage: CBF(0).Ei()
-            nan
+            nan...
 
         TESTS:
 
-            sage: CBF(Ei(I))  # abs tol 1e-16                                           # needs sage.symbolic
+            sage: CBF(Ei(I))  # abs tol 2e-15                                           # needs sage.symbolic
             [0.337403922900968 +/- 3.76e-16] + [2.51687939716208 +/- 2.01e-15]*I
         """
         cdef ComplexBall result = self._new()
@@ -4286,14 +4287,14 @@ cdef class ComplexBall(RingElement):
 
         EXAMPLES::
 
-            sage: CBF(1, 1).Si()
-            [1.10422265823558 +/- ...e-15] + [0.88245380500792 +/- ...e-15]*I
+            sage: CBF(1, 1).Si()  # abs tol 3e-15
+            [1.10422265823558 +/- 2.48e-15] + [0.88245380500792 +/- 3.36e-15]*I
             sage: CBF(0).Si()
             0
 
         TESTS:
 
-            sage: CBF(Si(I))                                                            # needs sage.symbolic
+            sage: CBF(Si(I))  # abs tol 3e-15                                           # needs sage.symbolic
             [1.05725087537573 +/- 2.77e-15]*I
         """
         cdef ComplexBall result = self._new()
@@ -4310,14 +4311,14 @@ cdef class ComplexBall(RingElement):
 
         EXAMPLES::
 
-            sage: CBF(1, 1).Ci()
-            [0.882172180555936 +/- ...e-16] + [0.287249133519956 +/- ...e-16]*I
+            sage: CBF(1, 1).Ci()  # abs tol 5e-16
+            [0.882172180555936 +/- 5.89e-16] + [0.287249133519956 +/- 3.37e-16]*I
             sage: CBF(0).Ci()
             nan + nan*I
 
         TESTS:
 
-            sage: CBF(Ci(I))  # abs tol 1e-17                                           # needs sage.symbolic
+            sage: CBF(Ci(I))  # abs tol 5e-16                                           # needs sage.symbolic
             [0.837866940980208 +/- 4.72e-16] + [1.570796326794897 +/- 5.54e-16]*I
         """
         cdef ComplexBall result = self._new()
@@ -4334,8 +4335,8 @@ cdef class ComplexBall(RingElement):
 
         EXAMPLES::
 
-            sage: CBF(1, 1).Shi()
-            [0.88245380500792 +/- ...e-15] + [1.10422265823558 +/- ...e-15]*I
+            sage: CBF(1, 1).Shi()  # abs tol 3e-15
+            [0.88245380500792 +/- 3.36e-15] + [1.10422265823558 +/- 2.48e-15]*I
             sage: CBF(0).Shi()
             0
 
@@ -4358,14 +4359,14 @@ cdef class ComplexBall(RingElement):
 
         EXAMPLES::
 
-            sage: CBF(1, 1).Chi()
-            [0.882172180555936 +/- ...e-16] + [1.28354719327494 +/- ...e-15]*I
+            sage: CBF(1, 1).Chi()  # abs tol 1e-15
+            [0.882172180555936 +/- 5.89e-16] + [1.28354719327494 +/- 1.01e-15]*I
             sage: CBF(0).Chi()
             nan + nan*I
 
         TESTS:
 
-            sage: CBF(Chi(I))  # abs tol 1e-16                                          # needs sage.symbolic
+            sage: CBF(Chi(I))  # abs tol 5e-16                                          # needs sage.symbolic
             [0.337403922900968 +/- 3.25e-16] + [1.570796326794897 +/- 5.54e-16]*I
         """
         cdef ComplexBall result = self._new()
@@ -4384,8 +4385,8 @@ cdef class ComplexBall(RingElement):
 
         EXAMPLES::
 
-            sage: CBF(1, 1).li()
-            [0.61391166922120 +/- ...e-15] + [2.05958421419258 +/- ...e-15]*I
+            sage: CBF(1, 1).li()  # abs tol 6e-15
+            [0.61391166922120 +/- 6.23e-15] + [2.05958421419258 +/- 5.59e-15]*I
             sage: CBF(0).li()
             0
             sage: CBF(0).li(offset=True)

sage/rings/fraction_field_FpT.pyx

@@ -573,6 +573,35 @@ cdef class FpTElement(FieldElement):
         normalize(x._numer, x._denom, self.p)
         return x
 
+    def _im_gens_(self, codomain, im_gens, base_map=None):
+        r"""
+        Return the image of this element in ``codomain`` under the
+        map that sends the image of the generator of the parent to
+        the element in ``im_gens``.
+
+        INPUT:
+
+        - ``codomain`` -- a ring; where the image is computed
+
+        - ``im_gens`` -- a list containing the image of the
+          generator of the parent as unique element
+
+        - ``base_map`` -- a morphism (default: ``None``);
+          the action on the underlying base ring
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: A.<T> = GF(5)[]
+            sage: K.<T> = Frac(A)
+            sage: f = K.hom([T^2])
+            sage: f(1/T)
+            1/T^2
+        """
+        nden = self.denom()._im_gens_(codomain, im_gens, base_map=base_map)
+        invden = nden.inverse_of_unit()
+        nnum = self.numer()._im_gens_(codomain, im_gens, base_map=base_map)
+        return nnum * invden
+
     cpdef FpTElement next(self):
         """
         Iterate through all polynomials, returning the "next" polynomial after this one.

sage/rings/number_field/S_unit_solver.py

@@ -1420,7 +1420,7 @@ def defining_polynomial_for_Kp(prime, prec=106):
         L = [g.change_ring(ZZ) for g, _ in factors]
         A = [g for g in L if (g(theta)).valuation(prime) >= e*N/2]
 
-        # We narrow down the list unitl only one value remains
+        # We narrow down the list until only one value remains
 
         if len(A) == 1:
             return A[0].change_ring(Integers(p**prec)).change_ring(ZZ)

sage/rings/number_field/galois_group.py

@@ -995,7 +995,7 @@ class GaloisGroup_v2(GaloisGroup_perm):
             sage: x = polygen(ZZ, 'x')
             sage: K.<b> = NumberField(x^4 - 2*x^2 + 2, 'a').galois_closure()
             sage: G = K.galois_group()
-            sage: sorted([G.artin_symbol(P) for P in K.primes_above(7)])
+            sage: sorted([G.artin_symbol(P) for P in K.primes_above(7)])  # random (see remark in primes_above)
             [(1,4)(2,3)(5,8)(6,7),
              (1,4)(2,3)(5,8)(6,7),
              (1,5)(2,6)(3,7)(4,8),

sage/rings/number_field/morphism.py

@@ -7,18 +7,17 @@ This module provides classes to represent ring homomorphisms between number
 fields (i.e. field embeddings).
 """
 
-#*****************************************************************************
+# ***************************************************************************
 #       Copyright (C) 2007 William Stein <wstein@gmail.com>
 #
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
-#                  http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
-#*****************************************************************************
+#                  https://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+# ***************************************************************************
 
 from sage.misc.cachefunc import cached_method
-from sage.misc.lazy_import import lazy_import
 
 from sage.rings.morphism import RingHomomorphism_im_gens, RingHomomorphism
 from sage.structure.sequence import Sequence

sage/rings/number_field/number_field.py

@@ -86,8 +86,6 @@ import sage.rings.abc
 import sage.rings.complex_mpfr
 from sage.rings.polynomial.polynomial_element import Polynomial
 import sage.rings.real_mpfr
-import sage.rings.real_mpfi
-import sage.rings.complex_double
 import sage.rings.real_double
 import sage.rings.real_lazy
 
@@ -96,7 +94,6 @@ from sage.misc.fast_methods import WithEqualityById
 from sage.misc.functional import is_odd, lift
 from sage.misc.lazy_import import lazy_import
 from sage.misc.misc_c import prod
-from sage.misc.sage_eval import sage_eval
 from sage.rings.infinity import Infinity
 from sage.rings.finite_rings.integer_mod import mod
 from sage.categories.number_fields import NumberFields
@@ -115,6 +112,7 @@ from sage.structure.proof.proof import get_flag
 from . import maps
 from . import structure
 from . import number_field_morphisms
+from . import number_field_base
 
 from sage.categories.homset import Hom
 from sage.categories.sets_cat import Sets
@@ -125,7 +123,35 @@ from sage.rings.real_mpfr import RR
 from sage.interfaces.abc import GapElement
 from sage.rings.number_field.morphism import RelativeNumberFieldHomomorphism_from_abs
 
+from sage.misc.latex import latex
+
+import sage.rings.infinity as infinity
+from sage.rings.rational import Rational
+from sage.rings.integer import Integer
+import sage.rings.polynomial.polynomial_element as polynomial_element
+import sage.groups.abelian_gps.abelian_group
+import sage.rings.complex_interval_field
+
+from sage.structure.factory import UniqueFactory
+from . import number_field_element
+from . import number_field_element_quadratic
+from .number_field_ideal import NumberFieldIdeal, NumberFieldFractionalIdeal
+
+try:
+    from sage.libs.pari import pari
+    from cypari2.gen import Gen as pari_gen
+except ImportError:
+    pari_gen = ()
+
+from sage.rings.rational_field import QQ
+from sage.rings.integer_ring import ZZ
+from sage.rings.cif import CIF
+from sage.rings.real_double import RDF
+from sage.rings.real_lazy import RLF, CLF
+from sage.rings.finite_rings.integer_mod_ring import IntegerModRing
+
 lazy_import('sage.libs.gap.element', 'GapElement', as_='LibGapElement')
+lazy_import('sage.misc.sage_eval', 'sage_eval')
 lazy_import('sage.rings.number_field.unit_group', 'UnitGroup')
 lazy_import('sage.rings.number_field.class_group', ['ClassGroup', 'SClassGroup'])
 lazy_import('sage.rings.universal_cyclotomic_field', 'UniversalCyclotomicFieldElement')
@@ -134,18 +160,14 @@ lazy_import('sage.rings.universal_cyclotomic_field', 'UniversalCyclotomicFieldEl
 _NumberFields = NumberFields()
 
 
-def is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(codomain):
+def is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(codomain, category=None):
     """
-    Return whether ``codomain`` is a valid codomain for a number
-    field homset.
-
-    This is used by NumberField._Hom_ to determine
-    whether the created homsets should be a
-    :class:`sage.rings.number_field.homset.NumberFieldHomset`.
+    Return whether ``codomain`` is a valid codomain for a
+    :class:`NumberFieldHomset` in ``category``.
 
     EXAMPLES:
 
-    This currently accepts any parent (CC, RR, ...) in :class:`Fields`::
+    This currently accepts any ring (CC, RR, ...)::
 
         sage: from sage.rings.number_field.number_field import is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain
         sage: is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(QQ)
@@ -154,24 +176,31 @@ def is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(codomain):
         sage: is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(NumberField(x^2 + 1, 'x'))
         True
         sage: is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(ZZ)
-        False
+        True
         sage: is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(3)
         False
         sage: is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(MatrixSpace(QQ, 2))
-        False
+        True
         sage: is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(InfinityRing)
-        False
-
-    Question: should, for example, QQ-algebras be accepted as well?
+        True
 
-    Caveat: Gap objects are not (yet) in :class:`Fields`, and therefore
-    not accepted as number field homset codomains::
+    Gap objects are not (yet) in :class:`Fields`, and therefore not accepted as
+    number field homset codomains::
 
         sage: is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(gap.Rationals)                               # needs sage.libs.gap
         False
     """
-    from sage.categories.fields import Fields
-    return codomain in Fields()
+    from sage.categories.rings import Rings
+
+    if category is None:
+        category = codomain.category()
+
+    if not category.is_subcategory(Rings()):
+        return False
+
+    assert codomain in category
+
+    return True
 
 
 def proof_flag(t):
@@ -196,36 +225,6 @@ def proof_flag(t):
     return get_flag(t, "number_field")
 
 
-from sage.misc.latex import latex
-
-import sage.rings.infinity as infinity
-from sage.rings.rational import Rational
-from sage.rings.integer import Integer
-import sage.rings.polynomial.polynomial_element as polynomial_element
-import sage.groups.abelian_gps.abelian_group
-import sage.rings.complex_interval_field
-
-from sage.structure.factory import UniqueFactory
-from . import number_field_element
-from . import number_field_element_quadratic
-from .number_field_ideal import NumberFieldIdeal, NumberFieldFractionalIdeal
-
-from sage.rings.rational_field import QQ
-from sage.rings.integer_ring import ZZ
-from sage.rings.real_mpfi import RIF
-from sage.rings.cif import CIF
-from sage.rings.real_double import RDF
-from sage.rings.complex_double import CDF
-from sage.rings.real_lazy import RLF, CLF
-from sage.rings.finite_rings.integer_mod_ring import IntegerModRing
-
-try:
-    from sage.libs.pari import pari
-    from cypari2.gen import Gen as pari_gen
-except ImportError:
-    pari_gen = ()
-
-
 def NumberField(polynomial, name=None, check=True, names=None, embedding=None,
                 latex_name=None, assume_disc_small=False, maximize_at_primes=None, structure=None,
                 *, latex_names=None, **kwds):
@@ -1200,9 +1199,6 @@ class CyclotomicFieldFactory(UniqueFactory):
 CyclotomicField = CyclotomicFieldFactory("sage.rings.number_field.number_field.CyclotomicField")
 
 
-from . import number_field_base
-
-
 is_NumberField = number_field_base.is_NumberField
 
 
@@ -1990,10 +1986,9 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             sage: loads(dumps(H)) is H
             True
         """
-        if not is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(codomain):
-            # Using LazyFormat fixes #28036 - infinite loop
-            from sage.misc.lazy_format import LazyFormat
-            raise TypeError(LazyFormat("%s is not suitable as codomain for homomorphisms from %s") % (codomain, self))
+        if not is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(codomain, category):
+            raise TypeError
+
         from sage.rings.number_field.homset import NumberFieldHomset
         return NumberFieldHomset(self, codomain, category)
 
@@ -2053,6 +2048,8 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
         if p == infinity.infinity:
             gen_image = self.gen_embedding()
             if gen_image is not None:
+                from sage.rings.complex_double import CDF
+
                 if gen_image in RDF:
                     return QQ.completion(p, prec, extras)
                 elif gen_image in CDF:
@@ -2609,11 +2606,11 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
         f = x**2 + x
         while w < u and not w % 2:
             s = F.lift(q((a - 1) / pi**w).sqrt())
-            a = a / (1 + s*(pi**(w/2)))**2
+            a = a / (1 + s * (pi**(w / 2)))**2
             w = (a - 1).valuation(p)
         if w < u and w % 2:
             return v + w
-        if w == u and (f + F((a-1) / 4)).is_irreducible():
+        if w == u and (f + F((a - 1) / 4)).is_irreducible():
             return v + w
         return Infinity
 
@@ -3424,7 +3421,7 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
                     H.append(chi)
         return H
 
-    def _repr_(self):
+    def _repr_(self) -> str:
         """
         Return string representation of this number field.
 
@@ -3444,7 +3441,7 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             result += " with {} = {}".format(self.variable_name(), gen)
         return result
 
-    def _latex_(self):
+    def _latex_(self) -> str:
         r"""
         Return latex representation of this number field. This is viewed as
         a polynomial quotient ring over a field.
@@ -3934,6 +3931,8 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
              Fractional ideal (3)]
             sage: K.primes_of_bounded_norm(1)
             []
+            sage: K.primes_of_bounded_norm(1.1)
+            []
             sage: x = polygen(QQ, 'x')
             sage: K.<a> = NumberField(x^3 - 2)
             sage: P = K.primes_of_bounded_norm(30)
@@ -3953,7 +3952,7 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             B = ZZ(B)
         except (TypeError, AttributeError):
             try:
-                B = ZZ(B.ceil())
+                B = ZZ(B.floor())
             except (TypeError, AttributeError):
                 raise TypeError("%s is not valid bound on prime ideals" % B)
         if B < 2:
@@ -4616,6 +4615,8 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             ``proof.number_field(False)``. It can easily take 1000s of times
             longer to do computations with ``proof=True`` (the default).
         """
+        from .class_group import ClassGroup
+
         proof = proof_flag(proof)
         try:
             return self.__class_group[proof, names]
@@ -4703,6 +4704,8 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             Class group of order 4 with structure C4 of Number Field in a
              with defining polynomial x^2 + 14 with a = 3.741657386773942?*I
         """
+        from .class_group import SClassGroup
+
         proof = proof_flag(proof)
         if all(P.is_principal() for P in S):
             C = self.class_group(proof=proof)
@@ -6531,10 +6534,10 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
         # faster than computing all the conjugates, etc ...
 
         # flag to disable FLATTER, which is much more unstable than fplll
-        flag = 1 if pari.version() >= (2,17) else 0
+        flag = 1 if pari.version() >= (2, 17) else 0
         if self.is_totally_real():
             from sage.matrix.constructor import matrix
-            M = matrix(ZZ, d, d, [[(x*y).trace() for x in ZK] for y in ZK])
+            M = matrix(ZZ, d, d, [[(x * y).trace() for x in ZK] for y in ZK])
             T = pari(M).qflllgram(flag=flag)
         else:
             M = self.minkowski_embedding(ZK, prec=prec)
@@ -6709,10 +6712,12 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             sage: QuadraticField(3, 'a').narrow_class_group()
             Multiplicative Abelian group isomorphic to C2
         """
+        from sage.groups.abelian_gps.abelian_group import AbelianGroup
+
         proof = proof_flag(proof)
         k = self.pari_bnf(proof)
         s = k.bnfnarrow().sage()
-        return sage.groups.abelian_gps.abelian_group.AbelianGroup(s[1])
+        return AbelianGroup(s[1])
 
     def ngens(self):
         """
@@ -6778,6 +6783,7 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             return (self.__polynomial_ntl, self.__denominator_ntl)
         except AttributeError:
             import sage.libs.ntl.all as ntl
+
             self.__denominator_ntl = ntl.ZZ()
             den = self.polynomial().denominator()
             self.__denominator_ntl.set_from_sage_int(ZZ(den))
@@ -7223,6 +7229,8 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
              -a^15 - a^14 - 2*a^11 - a^10 + a^9 - a^8 - 2*a^7 + a^5 - 2*a^3 + a^2 + 3*a - 1,
              -3*a^16 - 3*a^15 - 3*a^14 - 3*a^13 - 3*a^12 - 2*a^11 - 2*a^10 - 2*a^9 - a^8 + a^7 + 2*a^6 + 3*a^5 + 3*a^4 + 4*a^3 + 6*a^2 + 8*a + 8]
         """
+        from sage.rings.number_field.unit_group import UnitGroup
+
         proof = proof_flag(proof)
 
         try:
@@ -7339,6 +7347,8 @@ class NumberField_generic(WithEqualityById, number_field_base.NumberField):
             sage: U.log(u)
             (1, 1, 4, 1, 5)
         """
+        from sage.rings.number_field.unit_group import UnitGroup
+
         proof = proof_flag(proof)
 
         # process the parameter S:
@@ -9651,6 +9661,8 @@ class NumberField_absolute(NumberField_generic):
                Defn: alpha |--> 0.96 + 1.7*I]
         """
         if prec is None:
+            from sage.rings.real_mpfi import RIF
+
             R = RIF
             C = CIF
 
@@ -10476,7 +10488,7 @@ class NumberField_absolute(NumberField_generic):
         # symbol is negative for all primes in S and positive
         # at all primes in S'
         # For technical reasons, a Hilbert symbol of -1 is
-        # respresented as 1 and a Hilbert symbol of 1
+        # represented as 1 and a Hilbert symbol of 1
         # is represented as 0
         V = VectorSpace(GF(2), len(SL))
         v = V([1]*len(S) + [0]*len(L))
@@ -10871,8 +10883,9 @@ class NumberField_cyclotomic(NumberField_absolute, sage.rings.abc.NumberField_cy
             # As a consequence, a result of _an_element_() with the wrong class
             # is cached during the call to has_coerce_map_from. We reset the
             # cache afterwards.
+            from sage.rings.complex_double import CDF
+
             self._standard_embedding = not CDF.has_coerce_map_from(self) or CDF(self.gen()).imag() > 0
-            self._cache_an_element = None
 
             if n == 4:
                 self._element_class = number_field_element_quadratic.NumberFieldElement_gaussian
@@ -11028,7 +11041,7 @@ class NumberField_cyclotomic(NumberField_absolute, sage.rings.abc.NumberField_cy
         from sage.libs.gap.libgap import libgap
         return libgap.CyclotomicField(self.__n)
 
-    def _repr_(self):
+    def _repr_(self) -> str:
         r"""
         Return string representation of this cyclotomic field.
 
@@ -11060,7 +11073,7 @@ class NumberField_cyclotomic(NumberField_absolute, sage.rings.abc.NumberField_cy
         """
         return self.__n
 
-    def _latex_(self):
+    def _latex_(self) -> str:
         r"""
         Return the latex representation of this cyclotomic field.
 
@@ -11301,6 +11314,8 @@ class NumberField_cyclotomic(NumberField_absolute, sage.rings.abc.NumberField_cy
             sage: K5._log_gen(zeta15**3)
             4
         """
+        from sage.rings.complex_double import CDF
+
         X = x.parent()
         gen = self.gen()
 
@@ -11502,13 +11517,11 @@ class NumberField_cyclotomic(NumberField_absolute, sage.rings.abc.NumberField_cy
         zeta = self.gen()
         return sum(QQ(c) * zeta**i for i, c in enumerate(coeffs))
 
-    def _Hom_(self, codomain, cat=None):
+    def _Hom_(self, codomain, category=None):
         """
         Return homset of homomorphisms from the cyclotomic field ``self`` to
         the number field codomain.
 
-        The ``cat`` option is currently ignored.
-
         EXAMPLES:
 
         This function is implicitly called by the Hom method or
@@ -11525,13 +11538,20 @@ class NumberField_cyclotomic(NumberField_absolute, sage.rings.abc.NumberField_cy
                to Number Field in a with defining polynomial x^2 + 3
             sage: End(CyclotomicField(21))
             Automorphism group of Cyclotomic Field of order 21 and degree 12
+
+        ::
+
+            sage: K = CyclotomicField(3)
+            sage: Hom(K, ZZ).category()
+            Category of homsets of euclidean domains and noetherian rings
+
         """
-        if is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(codomain):
-            from sage.rings.number_field.homset import CyclotomicFieldHomset
-            return CyclotomicFieldHomset(self, codomain)
-        else:
+        if not is_NumberFieldHomsetCodomain(codomain, category):
             raise TypeError
 
+        from sage.rings.number_field.homset import CyclotomicFieldHomset
+        return CyclotomicFieldHomset(self, codomain, category)
+
     def is_galois(self):
         """
         Return ``True`` since all cyclotomic fields are automatically Galois.
@@ -12101,6 +12121,8 @@ class NumberField_quadratic(NumberField_absolute, sage.rings.abc.NumberField_qua
 
         self._NumberField_generic__gen = self._element_class(self, parts)
 
+        from sage.rings.complex_double import CDF
+
         # we must set the flag _standard_embedding *before* any element creation
         # Note that in the following code, no element is built.
         if self.coerce_embedding() is not None and CDF.has_coerce_map_from(self):