lancedb-ray 0.1.0__tar.gz

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@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
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+ # setuptools' default sdist rules sweep in ``tests/test_*.py`` but not the
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+ # conftest and fakes they import, which ships a test suite that cannot run.
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+ # Keep the sdist to the library itself.
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+ prune tests
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+ global-exclude *.py[cod]
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+ Metadata-Version: 2.4
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+ Name: lancedb-ray
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+ Version: 0.1.0
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+ Summary: Ray Data integration for LanceDB and LanceDB Enterprise
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+ Author: Justin Miller
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+ License-Expression: Apache-2.0
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+ Project-URL: Homepage, https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray
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+ Project-URL: Repository, https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray
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+ Keywords: ray,lancedb,lance,vector-database,distributed
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+ Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
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+ Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
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+ Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
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+ Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
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+ Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12
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+ Requires-Python: >=3.12
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+ Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
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+ License-File: LICENSE
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+ Requires-Dist: ray[data]>=2.53.0
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+ Requires-Dist: lancedb>=0.24.0
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+ Requires-Dist: lance-ray>=0.5.0
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+ Requires-Dist: pyarrow>=17.0.0
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+ Provides-Extra: dev
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+ Requires-Dist: pytest>=8.4.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: pytest-cov>=5.0.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: pytest-xdist>=3.6.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: pytest-timeout>=2.3.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: mypy>=1.11.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: ruff>=0.8.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: pandas>=2.0.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Dynamic: license-file
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+
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+ # lancedb-ray
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+
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+ Ray Data integration for [LanceDB](https://lancedb.com) and LanceDB Enterprise.
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+
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+ Read and write LanceDB tables as Ray Datasets, using the most parallel strategy each
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+ backend actually supports.
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+
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+ ```python
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+ import lancedb_ray as ldbr
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+
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+ # Local / OSS
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+ ds = ldbr.read_lancedb("embeddings", uri="/data/lancedb")
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+ ldbr.write_lancedb(ds, "embeddings_copy", uri="/data/lancedb", mode="create")
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+
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+ # LanceDB Enterprise / Cloud (API key from LANCEDB_API_KEY)
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+ ds = ldbr.read_lancedb("embeddings", uri="db://my-database", region="us-east-1")
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+ ldbr.write_lancedb(ds, "embeddings", uri="db://my-database", mode="upsert", on="id")
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## Why two strategies
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+
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+ LanceDB presents one Python API over two very different systems, and a Ray integration
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+ that ignores the difference leaves most of the available parallelism on the table:
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+
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+ | | Local / OSS (`/path`, `s3://…`) | Cloud / Enterprise (`db://…`) |
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+ | ---------------------- | --------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
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+ | Underlying storage | A real Lance dataset | Opaque remote service |
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+ | `to_arrow()` / `to_lance()` | Works | Raises `NotImplementedError` |
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+ | `optimize()` | Works | Silent no-op (server-managed) |
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+ | Fragment access | Yes | No |
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+ | Bulk read primitive | Fragment scan | `take_offsets` / paged queries |
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+
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+ So `lancedb-ray` does this:
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+
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+ **Reads.** Local tables are read one task per fragment group, with `columns` and `filter`
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+ pushed down into the scan (delegated to [`lance-ray`](https://github.com/lance-format/lance-ray)).
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+ Remote tables have no fragments, so the row space is sharded across read tasks —
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+ positionally via `take_offsets` when there is no filter, and by server-side pagination
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+ when there is.
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+
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+ **Every read pins a table version** before planning shards. A writer landing mid-read
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+ therefore cannot tear the result: shards planned against 100 rows never observe a
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+ 200-row table.
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+
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+ **Writes.** Local append-style writes take the fragment path — workers write Lance
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+ fragments in parallel and the driver commits them as a **single atomic transaction**, so
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+ the table advances by exactly one version no matter how many tasks participated. Upserts
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+ and all Cloud/Enterprise writes go through LanceDB's table API with batching and retry.
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+
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+ ```
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+ 8 Ray blocks → 8 Lance fragments → 1 committed version
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## Install
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ uv pip install lancedb-ray
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+ ```
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+
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+ Or the unreleased tip of `main`:
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ uv pip install git+https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray.git
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+ ```
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+
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+ Or for local development:
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ git clone https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray.git
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+ cd lancedb-ray
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+ uv venv --python 3.12
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+ make build
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+ ```
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+
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+ Requires Python 3.12 or newer and Ray 2.53 or newer. CI tests Python 3.12
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+ against both the newest Ray and the oldest supported one, so an install next to
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+ an older Ray cluster is tested, not assumed.
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+
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+ ## API
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+
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+ ### `read_lancedb(table, *, uri, ...) -> ray.data.Dataset`
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+
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+ | Argument | Meaning |
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+ | --- | --- |
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+ | `columns`, `filter` | Projection and SQL predicate, evaluated server-side |
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+ | `version` | Table version to pin (defaults to current) |
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+ | `remote_read_strategy` | `auto` (default), `offsets`, `pagination`, `single` |
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+ | `batch_size` | Rows per read request — sizes each task's requests remotely, and the Lance scanner's batches locally |
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+ | `scanner_options` | Extra Lance scanner options for a local read — `use_scalar_index`, `late_materialization`, `with_row_id` |
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+ | `api_key`, `region`, `host_override` | Cloud/Enterprise connection |
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+ | `storage_options`, `client_config` | Object-store and HTTP client options |
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+ | `namespace_client_impl`, `namespace_client_properties` | Lance Namespace resolution |
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+
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+ ### `write_lancedb(ds, table, *, uri, mode="append", ...) -> None`
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+
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+ | Argument | Meaning |
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+ | --- | --- |
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+ | `mode` | `create`, `append`, `overwrite`, `upsert` |
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+ | `on` | Key column(s) to match on — required for `upsert` |
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+ | `partition_on_keys` | Hash-partition on `on` before an upsert (default `True`) |
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+ | `transform_fn` | Per-batch transform applied before writing (e.g. computing embeddings) |
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+ | `on_batch_error` | `raise` (default) or `skip` |
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+ | `local_write_strategy` | `auto` (default), `fragment`, `api` |
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+ | `rows_per_transaction` | Rows Ray bundles per write task = transaction size |
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+ | `max_rows_per_request` | Optional row ceiling; splits a task into several transactions |
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+ | `max_bytes_per_request` | Optional ceiling on a request's payload in bytes — the one that bounds a wide schema |
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+ | `write_parallelism` | Parts the client uploads concurrently within one transaction |
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+ | `data_storage_version`, `enable_stable_row_ids` | Lance file format and row-ID stability for the fragment path |
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+ | `when_matched_update_all`, `when_not_matched_insert_all`, `when_not_matched_by_source_delete` | Merge-insert semantics |
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+
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+ ## Examples
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+
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+ Each example lives in its own directory with a README of its own — see
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+ [`examples/`](https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray/tree/main/examples).
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+
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+ | Example | What it shows |
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+ | --- | --- |
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+ | [`quickstart/`](https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray/tree/main/examples/quickstart) | The core guarantees on synthetic data: a write fans out across Ray tasks yet lands as one atomic commit, and reads come back fragment-parallel. No extra dependencies. |
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+ | [`clip_image_search/`](https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray/tree/main/examples/clip_image_search) | A realistic pipeline — scan a directory of JPGs, embed them with CLIP across Ray, write to LanceDB, build a vector index, then search them in plain English from a Streamlit app. |
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+ | [`vllm_generate_embed/`](https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray/tree/main/examples/vllm_generate_embed) | An LLM pipeline — answer prompts with vLLM (or a small local model), embed each answer, write them to LanceDB, then search what the model said by meaning from a Streamlit app. |
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+ | [`object_storage/`](https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray/tree/main/examples/object_storage) | Verify writes to S3-compatible object storage — a Floci emulator in Docker Compose plus a large locally generated dataset, asserting the round trip and the single atomic commit. |
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+
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+ ## Two traps this library avoids
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+
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+ These are easy to get wrong when writing to LanceDB from a distributed engine, and both
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+ were worth designing around explicitly.
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+
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+ ### One transaction per task, not one per batch
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+
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+ Every LanceDB write is a transaction: it produces a new table version and at least one
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+ fragment. The obvious way to write a Ray Dataset — issue a write per incoming batch —
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+ therefore multiplies both. Measured on a 20,480-row append:
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+
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+ | Approach | Versions | Fragments |
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+ | --- | ---: | ---: |
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+ | One write per 1,024-row batch | 21 | 20 |
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+ | One write for the whole task | 2 | 1 |
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+
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+ Thousands of tiny fragments degrade read performance until compaction catches up, and
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+ against Cloud/Enterprise the extra requests burn quota and invite rate limiting.
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+
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+ So a write task hands **all** of its rows to LanceDB as a single `RecordBatchReader`. The
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+ client streams that to the service as multiple parts under one upload and commits once, so
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+ one task is one transaction no matter how many blocks Ray delivered. `rows_per_transaction`
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+ controls how many rows Ray bundles per task, and therefore how large each transaction is.
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+
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+ Local append-style writes skip this path entirely — they write Lance fragments in parallel
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+ and commit them in a single transaction, so the table advances by exactly one version.
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+
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+ ### Parallel merge-inserts can silently duplicate keys
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+
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+ Two write tasks that each hold one row for the same key will each find the key absent and
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+ each insert it. Neither task's input is internally ambiguous, so LanceDB accepts both and
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+ the key ends up in the table twice — with no error:
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+
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+ ```python
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+ # key 7 in two concurrent merge_inserts, once each
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+ # → table now contains id=7 twice
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+ ```
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+
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+ `write_lancedb` therefore hash-partitions the input on the `on` columns before an upsert,
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+ so every row for a given key lands in exactly one task. Where a key is genuinely repeated
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+ in the source, LanceDB then rejects it as an ambiguous merge rather than duplicating it —
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+ a loud error instead of corrupt data.
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+
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+ This costs a shuffle. It changes nothing when the source's keys are already unique (a
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+ unique key can only occupy one block), so `partition_on_keys=False` skips it when you know
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+ that to be true.
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+
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+ ## Other notes and trade-offs
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+
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+ - **Appends are at-least-once; upserts are exactly-once.** If LanceDB commits a
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+ write and the response is lost, no client can distinguish that from a write
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+ that never landed, so a retry duplicates the batch. The default retry policy
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+ narrows the window — an append retries only on failures that prove nothing was
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+ applied, such as a refused connection or a rate-limit rejection, while an
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+ upsert also retries ambiguous ones like a read timeout because merge-insert is
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+ idempotent. If you need exactly-once, write with `mode="upsert"` and an `on`
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+ key; replaying it converges on the same table.
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+ - **`on_batch_error` defaults to `raise`.** Logging a failed write and continuing lets a
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+ job report success while having silently lost data. `skip` is available when partial
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+ completion genuinely is preferable, and dropped rows are counted and warned about.
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+ - **`rows_per_transaction` sets task memory; the per-request ceilings set payload
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+ size.** A task holds all of its rows in memory so a failed write can be retried, and it
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+ materialises them before either ceiling is consulted — so peak worker memory is set by
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+ `rows_per_transaction` alone. That is the knob to turn down when a task is being
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+ OOM-killed, and it is worth sizing in bytes rather than rows: 262,144 rows is a few MB
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+ of scalars but 1.5GB of 1536-dimension embeddings, and unbounded if a row carries an
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+ image.
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+
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+ `max_rows_per_request` and `max_bytes_per_request` bound something narrower — how much
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+ of that already-materialised data is handed to LanceDB per transaction, and so how much
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+ the client encodes and uploads at once. Both may be set and the tighter one closes the
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+ request. Either costs extra transactions.
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+
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+ - **`enable_stable_row_ids` is decided at creation.** Stable IDs survive compaction,
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+ which is what lets a later job address a row it saw earlier. They are off by default
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+ because they cost an index — but a table written without them cannot be switched over
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+ without a rewrite, so it is worth deciding up front rather than discovering later.
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+ - **Local upserts are deliberately not highly parallel.** Concurrent merge-insert against
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+ a single local dataset contends on the commit lock, so local upsert defaults to
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+ `concurrency=4` with conflict retry. Remote upserts have no such limit — the service
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+ serialises for us.
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+ - **Remote reads default to positional `take_offsets`.** The alternative,
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+ `remote_read_strategy="pagination"`, measured ~2x faster locally and sends a
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+ constant-size request (two integers) rather than an explicit list of offsets, and
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+ neither degraded with offset depth over a 1M-row table. That is local measurement
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+ though, against storage rather than the service — the positional primitive stays the
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+ default because it is the one with guaranteed positional semantics. If you are pushing
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+ volume through Enterprise, `pagination` is worth measuring against your endpoint.
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+ - **`batch_size` sets round trips, not total payload.** The same offsets are sent either
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+ way, just in fewer requests, so raising it mostly buys fewer round trips. Left unset it
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+ uses each backend's own sizing — 50,000 rows per request remotely, and the Lance
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+ scanner's default locally. Setting it takes precedence over a `batch_size` named in
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+ `scanner_options`, the same way `columns` and `filter` do.
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+ - **For a highly selective filter over a large table**, `remote_read_strategy="single"`
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+ streams the result through one task and often beats sharding it.
249
+ - **API keys should come from `LANCEDB_API_KEY`** rather than the `api_key` argument, so
250
+ the secret stays out of Ray task definitions and logs. The connection spec's `repr`
251
+ redacts it either way.
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+
253
+ ## Tuning
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+
255
+ Most of the cost of a large job is inside Lance's native core, not this library, and that
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+ core is configured by environment variables rather than by arguments. They have to be set
257
+ on the Ray **workers**, so put them in the runtime environment rather than only in the
258
+ driver's shell:
259
+
260
+ ```python
261
+ ray.init(runtime_env={"env_vars": {"LANCE_IO_THREADS": "128"}})
262
+ ```
263
+
264
+ | Variable | What it controls |
265
+ | --- | --- |
266
+ | `LANCE_IO_THREADS` | Concurrent read requests to storage. Raising it toward the core count helps a large scan against S3, where the default leaves the link idle. |
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+ | `LANCE_UPLOAD_CONCURRENCY` | Concurrent multipart upload streams. The write-side counterpart, and the first thing to raise if the fragment path is not saturating your bandwidth. |
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+ | `LANCE_INITIAL_UPLOAD_SIZE` | Starting multipart part size, in bytes. Larger parts mean fewer API calls on a big write and more memory per stream. Lance grows the part size as an upload progresses, so this only sets where it starts. |
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+
270
+ Two things worth knowing beyond the knobs:
271
+
272
+ - **Lance is tuned for random access by default.** Point lookups, vector search and
273
+ selective column reads are what the defaults optimise for. A scan-heavy ETL job is the
274
+ case that benefits from raising the two thread counts above.
275
+ - **Fixed-size lists for vectors, blob encoding for large binaries.** A vector column
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+ stored as a fixed-size list compresses better and takes the SIMD path; large binary
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+ payloads stored with Lance's blob encoding are not read unless a query touches them.
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+ Both are properties of the schema you write, so they are decided before this library
279
+ sees the data.
280
+
281
+ These are Lance-core knobs, so the same settings apply to
282
+ [`lance-spark`](https://github.com/lance-format/lance-spark), whose
283
+ [performance guide](https://lance.org/integrations/spark) covers them in more depth
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+ along with the JVM-only options.
285
+
286
+ ## Development
287
+
288
+ ```bash
289
+ make build # install with dev dependencies
290
+ make test # pytest with branch coverage (gate: 95%)
291
+ make lint # ruff check + format check + mypy
292
+ make fix # auto-fix and format
293
+ ```
294
+
295
+ Tests cover both backends. The Cloud/Enterprise paths run against an in-repo fake that
296
+ mirrors the real remote API surface — including its restrictions — so `db://` code is
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+ exercised deterministically with no network. To additionally validate against the real
298
+ service:
299
+
300
+ ```bash
301
+ LANCEDB_URI=db://your-db LANCEDB_API_KEY=... pytest -m enterprise
302
+ ```
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+
304
+ Commit messages follow [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/):
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+ `fix:` cuts a patch release, `feat:` a minor one, and the version in
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+ `pyproject.toml` is written by automation rather than by hand. See
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+ [RELEASING.md](https://github.com/justinrmiller/lancedb-ray/blob/main/RELEASING.md).
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+
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+ ## License
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+
311
+ Apache-2.0