gmshairfoil2d 0.2.1__tar.gz → 0.2.3__tar.gz

{gmshairfoil2d-0.2.1 → gmshairfoil2d-0.2.3}/PKG-INFO

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Metadata-Version: 2.4
 Name: gmshairfoil2d
-Version: 0.2.1
+Version: 0.2.3
 Summary: Python tool to generate 2D mesh around an airfoil
 Home-page: https://github.com/cfsengineering/GMSH-Airfoil-2D
 Author: Giacomo Benedetti
@@ -61,32 +61,68 @@ gmshairfoil2d -h
 
 optional arguments:
   -h, --help                  Show this help message and exit
+  --config [PATH]             Path to configuration file (key=value format)
+  --save_config [PATH]        Save current configuration to file
+  --example_config            Create an example configuration file
   --list                      Display all airfoil available in the database :
                               https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/coord_database.html
   --naca [4DIGITS]            NACA airfoil 4 digit
   --airfoil [NAME]            Name of an airfoil profile in the database (database available with
                               the --list argument)
+  --airfoil_path [PATH]       Path to custom airfoil .dat file
+  --flap_path [PATH]          Path to custom flap .dat file
   --aoa [AOA]                 Angle of attack [deg] (default: 0 [deg])
+  --deflection [DEFLECTION]   Flap deflection angle [deg] (default: 0 [deg])
   --farfield [RADIUS]         Create a circular farfield mesh of given radius [m] (default 10m)
+  --farfield_ctype            Generate a C-type structured farfield for hybrid meshes
   --box [LENGTHxWIDTH]        Create a box mesh of dimensions [length]x[height] [m]
   --airfoil_mesh_size [SIZE]  Mesh size of the airfoil contour [m] (default 0.01m)
-  --ext_mesh_size [SIZE]      Mesh size of the external domain [m] (default 0.2m) (for normal, bl
-                              and structural)
+  --ext_mesh_size [SIZE]      Mesh size of the external domain [m] (default 0.2m)
   --no_bl                     Do the unstructured meshing (with triangles), without a boundary
                               layer
-  --first_layer [HEIGHT]      Height of the first layer [m] (default 3e-5m) (for bl and structural)
-  --ratio [RATIO]             Growth ratio of layers (default 1.2) (for bl and structural)
+  --first_layer [HEIGHT]      Height of the first layer [m] (default 3e-5m) (for bl and structured)
+  --ratio [RATIO]             Growth ratio of layers (default 1.2) (for bl and structured)
   --nb_layers [INT]           Total number of layers in the boundary layer (default 35)
   --format [FORMAT]           Format of the mesh file, e.g: msh, vtk, wrl, stl, mesh, cgns, su2,
                               dat (default su2)
-  --structural                Generate a structural mesh
-  --arg_struc [LxLxL]         Parameters for the structural mesh [leading (axis x)]x[wake (axis
-                              x)]x[total height (axis y)] [m] (default 1x10x10)
+  --structured                Generate a structured mesh
+  --arg_struc [LxL]           Parameters for the structured mesh [wake length (axis x)]x[total 
+                              height (axis y)] [m] (default 10x10)
   --output [PATH]             Output path for the mesh file (default : current dir)
   --ui                        Open GMSH user interface to see the mesh
 
 ```
 
+## Configuration Files
+
+Instead of using command-line arguments, you can use configuration files for batch processing. Configuration files use a simple `key=value` format with support for comments.
+
+**Create an example configuration file:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --example_config
+```
+
+**Use a configuration file:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config my_config.cfg
+```
+
+**Override config values with CLI arguments:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config my_config.cfg --aoa 5.0
+```
+
+**Save current configuration to file:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --naca 0012 --aoa 5.0 --save_config my_config.cfg
+```
+
+For more details, see [example/CONFIG_README.md](example/CONFIG_README.md) and ready-to-use examples in [example/EXAMPLES_README.md](example/EXAMPLES_README.md).
+
 ## Examples of use
 
 To check all airfoil available in the [database](https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/coord_database.html):
@@ -95,7 +131,9 @@ To check all airfoil available in the [database](https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu
 gmshairfoil2d --list
 ```
 
-For all the following examples, the defauld chord lenght is 1 meter.
+For all the following examples, the default chord length is 1 meter.
+
+### Example 1: NACA0012 with circular farfield
 
 To create a circular farfield mesh around a NACA0012 of 10m of radius and see the result with GMSH user interface:
 
@@ -103,37 +141,87 @@ To create a circular farfield mesh around a NACA0012 of 10m of radius and see th
 gmshairfoil2d --naca 0012 --farfield 10 --ui --no_bl
 ```
 
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example1_naca0012.cfg
+```
+
 ![GMSH user interface with the 2D mesh](images/example_mesh.png)
 
-To create a circular farfield mesh with boudary layer around a Drela DAE11 airfoil (the name in the database is "dae11") of 4m or radius with a mesh size of 0.005m on the airfoil (but to not open on the interface):
+### Example 2: DAE11 with boundary layer
+
+To create a circular farfield mesh with boundary layer around a Drela DAE11 airfoil (the name in the database is "dae11") of 4m of radius with a mesh size of 0.005m on the airfoil:
 
 ```bash
 gmshairfoil2d --airfoil dae11 --farfield 4 --airfoil_mesh_size 0.005
 ```
 
-To create mesh around a Eppler E220 airfoil (the name in the database is "e211") with an angle of attack of 8 degree in a box of 12x4m (lenght x height) and save it as a vtk mesh and see the result with GMSH user interface:
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example2_dae11.cfg
+```
+
+### Example 3: E211 in box with angle of attack
+
+To create mesh around an Eppler E211 airfoil (the name in the database is "e211") with an angle of attack of 8 degree in a box of 12x4m (length x height) and save it as a VTK mesh:
 
 ```bash
 gmshairfoil2d --airfoil e211 --aoa 8 --box 12x4 --format vtk --ui --no_bl
 ```
 
-![GMSH user interface with the 2D mesh, rectangular box](images/example_mesh_box.png)
+Or using config file:
 
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example3_e211_box.cfg
+```
 
+![GMSH user interface with the 2D mesh, rectangular box](images/example_mesh_box.png)
+
+### Example 4: CH10SM with box and boundary layer
 
-To create a boxed mesh around a Chuch Hollinger CH 10-48-13 smoothed airfoil (the name in the database is "ch10sm"), using the boundary layer with default parameters (first layer of height 3e-5, 35 layers and growth ratio of 1.2) :
+To create a boxed mesh around a Chuck Hollinger CH10SM airfoil (the name in the database is "ch10sm"), using the boundary layer with default parameters (first layer of height 3e-5, 35 layers and growth ratio of 1.2):
 
 ```bash
 gmshairfoil2d --airfoil ch10sm --ui --box 2x1.4
 ```
 
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example4_ch10sm_bl.cfg
+```
+
 ![GMSH result with 2D mesh with boundary layer, rectangular box](images/example_ch10sm_bl.png)
 
+### Example 5: NACA4220 structured mesh
+
+To create a structured mesh around a NACA4220 airfoil with first layer height of 0.01, mesh size of 0.08, wake length of 6, height of 7, and angle of attack of 6 degrees:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --naca 4220 --airfoil_mesh_size 0.08 --ui --structured --first_layer 0.01 --arg_struc 6x7 --aoa 6
+```
+
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example5_naca4220_structured.cfg
+```
+
+![GMSH result with 2D structured mesh](images/example_structured_naca4220.png)
+### Example 6: Custom airfoil from file
+
+To create a mesh around a custom airfoil profile with a deflected flap:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --airfoil_path tests/test_data/NLR_7301.dat --flap_path tests/test_data/Flap_NLR_7301.dat --deflection 10 --box 4x3 --ui --no_bl
+```
 
-To create a structural mesh around a Naca 4220 airfoil (the 4 digits code is obviously "4220"), with first layer height of 0.01, mesh_size of 0.08 wake length of 6, height of 7, and angle of attack of 6 degrees :
+Or using config file:
 
 ```bash
- gmshairfoil2d --naca 4220 --airfoil_mesh_size 0.08 --ui --structural --first_layer 0.01 --arg_struc 6x7 --aoa 6
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example6_custom_airfoil_flap.cfg
 ```
 
-![GMSH result with 2D structural mesh](images/example_structural_naca4220.png)
+This example shows how to load custom airfoil and flap profiles from external .dat files and generate a mesh with flap deflection, useful for using proprietary or custom-designed airfoil geometries.

gmshairfoil2d-0.2.3/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+[![Pytest](https://github.com/cfsengineering/GMSH-Airfoil-2D/actions/workflows/pytest.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://github.com/cfsengineering/GMSH-Airfoil-2D/actions/workflows/pytest.yml)
+[![PyPi version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/gmshairfoil2d.svg)](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/gmshairfoil2d)
+[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache%202-blue.svg)](https://github.com/cfsengineering/GMSH-Airfoil-2D/blob/main/LICENSE)
+[![Black code style](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/psf/black)
+
+# GMSH-Airfoil-2D
+
+Python tool to genreate 2D unstructured, hybrid and structured mesh around an airfoil with [GMSH](https://gmsh.info/) in one command line.
+
+## Installation
+
+You can install this package from PyPi:
+
+```bash
+pip install gmshairfoil2d
+```
+
+Or you can clone and install this repository with the following commands:
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/cfsengineering/GMSH-Airfoil-2D.git
+cd GMSH-Airfoil-2D
+pip install -e .
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+```text
+gmshairfoil2d -h                                    
+
+optional arguments:
+  -h, --help                  Show this help message and exit
+  --config [PATH]             Path to configuration file (key=value format)
+  --save_config [PATH]        Save current configuration to file
+  --example_config            Create an example configuration file
+  --list                      Display all airfoil available in the database :
+                              https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/coord_database.html
+  --naca [4DIGITS]            NACA airfoil 4 digit
+  --airfoil [NAME]            Name of an airfoil profile in the database (database available with
+                              the --list argument)
+  --airfoil_path [PATH]       Path to custom airfoil .dat file
+  --flap_path [PATH]          Path to custom flap .dat file
+  --aoa [AOA]                 Angle of attack [deg] (default: 0 [deg])
+  --deflection [DEFLECTION]   Flap deflection angle [deg] (default: 0 [deg])
+  --farfield [RADIUS]         Create a circular farfield mesh of given radius [m] (default 10m)
+  --farfield_ctype            Generate a C-type structured farfield for hybrid meshes
+  --box [LENGTHxWIDTH]        Create a box mesh of dimensions [length]x[height] [m]
+  --airfoil_mesh_size [SIZE]  Mesh size of the airfoil contour [m] (default 0.01m)
+  --ext_mesh_size [SIZE]      Mesh size of the external domain [m] (default 0.2m)
+  --no_bl                     Do the unstructured meshing (with triangles), without a boundary
+                              layer
+  --first_layer [HEIGHT]      Height of the first layer [m] (default 3e-5m) (for bl and structured)
+  --ratio [RATIO]             Growth ratio of layers (default 1.2) (for bl and structured)
+  --nb_layers [INT]           Total number of layers in the boundary layer (default 35)
+  --format [FORMAT]           Format of the mesh file, e.g: msh, vtk, wrl, stl, mesh, cgns, su2,
+                              dat (default su2)
+  --structured                Generate a structured mesh
+  --arg_struc [LxL]           Parameters for the structured mesh [wake length (axis x)]x[total 
+                              height (axis y)] [m] (default 10x10)
+  --output [PATH]             Output path for the mesh file (default : current dir)
+  --ui                        Open GMSH user interface to see the mesh
+
+```
+
+## Configuration Files
+
+Instead of using command-line arguments, you can use configuration files for batch processing. Configuration files use a simple `key=value` format with support for comments.
+
+**Create an example configuration file:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --example_config
+```
+
+**Use a configuration file:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config my_config.cfg
+```
+
+**Override config values with CLI arguments:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config my_config.cfg --aoa 5.0
+```
+
+**Save current configuration to file:**
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --naca 0012 --aoa 5.0 --save_config my_config.cfg
+```
+
+For more details, see [example/CONFIG_README.md](example/CONFIG_README.md) and ready-to-use examples in [example/EXAMPLES_README.md](example/EXAMPLES_README.md).
+
+## Examples of use
+
+To check all airfoil available in the [database](https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/coord_database.html):
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --list
+```
+
+For all the following examples, the default chord length is 1 meter.
+
+### Example 1: NACA0012 with circular farfield
+
+To create a circular farfield mesh around a NACA0012 of 10m of radius and see the result with GMSH user interface:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --naca 0012 --farfield 10 --ui --no_bl
+```
+
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example1_naca0012.cfg
+```
+
+![GMSH user interface with the 2D mesh](images/example_mesh.png)
+
+### Example 2: DAE11 with boundary layer
+
+To create a circular farfield mesh with boundary layer around a Drela DAE11 airfoil (the name in the database is "dae11") of 4m of radius with a mesh size of 0.005m on the airfoil:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --airfoil dae11 --farfield 4 --airfoil_mesh_size 0.005
+```
+
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example2_dae11.cfg
+```
+
+### Example 3: E211 in box with angle of attack
+
+To create mesh around an Eppler E211 airfoil (the name in the database is "e211") with an angle of attack of 8 degree in a box of 12x4m (length x height) and save it as a VTK mesh:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --airfoil e211 --aoa 8 --box 12x4 --format vtk --ui --no_bl
+```
+
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example3_e211_box.cfg
+```
+
+![GMSH user interface with the 2D mesh, rectangular box](images/example_mesh_box.png)
+
+### Example 4: CH10SM with box and boundary layer
+
+To create a boxed mesh around a Chuck Hollinger CH10SM airfoil (the name in the database is "ch10sm"), using the boundary layer with default parameters (first layer of height 3e-5, 35 layers and growth ratio of 1.2):
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --airfoil ch10sm --ui --box 2x1.4
+```
+
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example4_ch10sm_bl.cfg
+```
+
+![GMSH result with 2D mesh with boundary layer, rectangular box](images/example_ch10sm_bl.png)
+
+### Example 5: NACA4220 structured mesh
+
+To create a structured mesh around a NACA4220 airfoil with first layer height of 0.01, mesh size of 0.08, wake length of 6, height of 7, and angle of attack of 6 degrees:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --naca 4220 --airfoil_mesh_size 0.08 --ui --structured --first_layer 0.01 --arg_struc 6x7 --aoa 6
+```
+
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example5_naca4220_structured.cfg
+```
+
+![GMSH result with 2D structured mesh](images/example_structured_naca4220.png)
+### Example 6: Custom airfoil from file
+
+To create a mesh around a custom airfoil profile with a deflected flap:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --airfoil_path tests/test_data/NLR_7301.dat --flap_path tests/test_data/Flap_NLR_7301.dat --deflection 10 --box 4x3 --ui --no_bl
+```
+
+Or using config file:
+
+```bash
+gmshairfoil2d --config example/example6_custom_airfoil_flap.cfg
+```
+
+This example shows how to load custom airfoil and flap profiles from external .dat files and generate a mesh with flap deflection, useful for using proprietary or custom-designed airfoil geometries.

gmshairfoil2d-0.2.3/gmshairfoil2d/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+"""GMSH-Airfoil-2D: 2D airfoil mesh generation with GMSH."""
+
+__version__ = "1.0.0"

gmshairfoil2d-0.2.3/gmshairfoil2d/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""Entry point for the gmshairfoil2d package."""
+
+from gmshairfoil2d.gmshairfoil2d import main
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

{gmshairfoil2d-0.2.1 → gmshairfoil2d-0.2.3}/gmshairfoil2d/airfoil_func.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
+import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import numpy as np
 import requests
-import sys
 
 import gmshairfoil2d.__init__
 
@@ -10,6 +10,71 @@ LIB_DIR = Path(gmshairfoil2d.__init__.__file__).parents[1]
 database_dir = Path(LIB_DIR, "database")
 
 
+def read_airfoil_from_file(file_path):
+    """Read airfoil coordinates from a .dat file.
+    
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    file_path : str or Path
+        Path to airfoil data file
+    
+    Returns
+    -------
+    list
+        List of unique (x, y, 0) points sorted by original order
+    
+    Raises
+    ------
+    FileNotFoundError
+        If file does not exist
+    ValueError
+        If no valid airfoil points found
+    """
+    file_path = Path(file_path)
+    if not file_path.exists():
+        raise FileNotFoundError(f"File {file_path} not found.")
+
+    airfoil_points = []
+    with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
+        for line in f:
+            line = line.strip()
+            if not line or line.startswith(('#', 'Airfoil')):
+                continue
+            parts = line.split()
+            if len(parts) != 2:
+                continue
+            try:
+                x, y = map(float, parts)
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+            if x > 1 and y > 1:
+                continue
+            airfoil_points.append((x, y))
+
+    if not airfoil_points:
+        raise ValueError(f"No valid airfoil points found in {file_path}")
+
+    # Split upper and lower surfaces
+    try:
+        split_index = next(i for i, (x, y) in enumerate(airfoil_points) if x >= 1.0)
+    except StopIteration:
+        split_index = len(airfoil_points) // 2
+
+    upper_points = airfoil_points[:split_index + 1]
+    lower_points = airfoil_points[split_index + 1:]
+
+    # Ensure lower points start from trailing edge
+    if lower_points and lower_points[0][0] == 0.0:
+        lower_points = lower_points[::-1]
+
+    # Combine and remove duplicates
+    x_up, y_up = zip(*upper_points) if upper_points else ([], [])
+    x_lo, y_lo = zip(*lower_points) if lower_points else ([], [])
+
+    cloud_points = [(x, y, 0) for x, y in zip([*x_up, *x_lo], [*y_up, *y_lo])]
+    return sorted(set(cloud_points), key=cloud_points.index)
+
+
 def get_all_available_airfoil_names():
     """
     Request the airfoil list available at m-selig.ae.illinois.edu
@@ -34,102 +99,92 @@ def get_all_available_airfoil_names():
 
 def get_airfoil_file(airfoil_name):
     """
-    Request the airfoil .dat file at m-selig.ae.illinois.edu and stores it (if found) in the
-    database folder
+    Request the airfoil .dat file from m-selig.ae.illinois.edu and store it in database folder.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
-    airfoil_name : srt
-        name of the airfoil
+    airfoil_name : str
+        Name of the airfoil
+    
+    Raises
+    ------
+    SystemExit
+        If airfoil not found or network error occurs
     """
-
     if not database_dir.exists():
         database_dir.mkdir()
 
-    url = f"https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/coord/{airfoil_name}.dat"
-
-    r = requests.get(url)
+    file_path = Path(database_dir, f"{airfoil_name}.dat")
+    if file_path.exists():
+        return
 
+    url = f"https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/coord/{airfoil_name}.dat"
     try:
-        r = requests.get(url, timeout=10) # Aggiungi sempre un timeout
-        if r.status_code != 200:
-             # Invece di raise Exception, print e exit pulito
-             print(f"❌ Error: Could not find airfoil '{airfoil_name}' on UIUC database.")
-             import sys
-             sys.exit(1)
-    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
+        response = requests.get(url, timeout=10)
+        if response.status_code != 200:
+            print(f"❌ Error: Could not find airfoil '{airfoil_name}' on UIUC database.")
+            sys.exit(1)
+        with open(file_path, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(response.content)
+    except requests.exceptions.RequestException:
         print(f"❌ Network Error: Could not connect to the database. Check your internet.")
-        import sys
         sys.exit(1)
 
-    file_path = Path(database_dir, f"{airfoil_name}.dat")
-
-    if not file_path.exists():
-        with open(file_path, "wb") as f:
-            f.write(r.content)
-
 
 def get_airfoil_points(airfoil_name):
-
-    airfoil_points = []
-    upper_points = []
-    lower_points = []
-    upper_len = 0
-    lower_len = 0
-    reverse_lower = False
-
+    """Load airfoil points from the database.
+    
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    airfoil_name : str
+        Name of the airfoil in the database
+    
+    Returns
+    -------
+    list
+        List of unique (x, y, 0) points
+    
+    Raises
+    ------
+    ValueError
+        If no valid points found for the airfoil
+    """
     get_airfoil_file(airfoil_name)
-    airfoil_file = Path(database_dir, airfoil_name + ".dat")
+    airfoil_file = Path(database_dir, f"{airfoil_name}.dat")
 
+    airfoil_points = []
     with open(airfoil_file) as f:
-        lines = f.readlines()
-
-    for line in lines:
-
-        # Catch the text lines
-        try:
-            x, y = map(float, line.strip("\n").split())
-        except ValueError:
-            continue
-
-        # Catch the line with the upper and lower number of points
-        if x > 1 and y > 1:
-            upper_len = int(x)
-            lower_len = int(y)
-            continue
-
-        # Catch the x, y coordinates
-        airfoil_points.append((x, y))
+        for line in f:
+            try:
+                x, y = map(float, line.strip().split())
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+            if x > 1 and y > 1:
+                continue
+            airfoil_points.append((x, y))
+
+    if not airfoil_points:
+        raise ValueError(f"No valid points found for airfoil {airfoil_name}")
 
     n_points = len(airfoil_points)
+    upper_len = n_points // 2
 
-    if not upper_len or not lower_len:
-
-        upper_len = n_points // 2
-
-        for i, (x, y) in enumerate(airfoil_points):
-            if x == y == 0:
-                upper_len = i
-                break
-    else:
-        reverse_lower = True
+    # Try to find split point at (0, 0)
+    for i, (x, y) in enumerate(airfoil_points):
+        if x == y == 0:
+            upper_len = i
+            break
 
     upper_points = airfoil_points[:upper_len]
     lower_points = airfoil_points[upper_len:]
-
-    if reverse_lower:
+    
+    if lower_points and lower_points[0][0] == 0:
         lower_points = lower_points[::-1]
 
-    assert len(upper_points) + len(lower_points) == n_points
-
-    x_up, y_up = zip(*[points for points in upper_points])
-    x_lo, y_lo = zip(*[points for points in lower_points])
-
-    x = [*x_up, *x_lo]
-    y = [*y_up, *y_lo]
+    x_up, y_up = zip(*upper_points) if upper_points else ([], [])
+    x_lo, y_lo = zip(*lower_points) if lower_points else ([], [])
 
-    cloud_points = [(x[k], y[k], 0) for k in range(0, len(x))]
-    # remove duplicated points
+    cloud_points = [(x, y, 0) for x, y in zip([*x_up, *x_lo], [*y_up, *y_lo])]
     return sorted(set(cloud_points), key=cloud_points.index)