fromscratch-pykv 0.4.0__tar.gz

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  ci:
+    uses: robcox2910/robcox2910.github.io/.github/workflows/python-ci.yml@v1

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/.github/workflows/docs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: Deploy Docs
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+  workflow_dispatch: {}
+
+jobs:
+  docs:
+    uses: robcox2910/robcox2910.github.io/.github/workflows/docs.yml@v1
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      pages: write
+      id-token: write
+    with:
+      coverage-report: false

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+name: Release
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - "v*.*.*"
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+  id-token: write
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Install uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
+        with:
+          version: "latest"
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        run: uv python install 3.14
+
+      - name: Build distributions
+        run: uv build
+
+      - name: Upload build artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: dist
+          path: dist/
+
+      - name: Upload to GitHub Release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v3
+        with:
+          files: dist/*
+
+  publish:
+    needs: build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment:
+      name: pypi
+      url: https://pypi.org/project/fromscratch-pykv/
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Download build artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
+        with:
+          name: dist
+          path: dist/
+
+      - name: Publish to PyPI
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+__pycache__/
+*.pyc
+.venv/
+*.egg-info/
+dist/
+build/
+.coverage
+htmlcov/
+.ruff_cache/
+_version.py
+.hypothesis/

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+default_language_version:
+  python: python3.14
+
+repos:
+  - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: v5.0.0
+    hooks:
+      # Pages paste real pytest output, trailing spaces included.
+      - id: trailing-whitespace
+        exclude: ^docs/property-testing\.md$
+      - id: end-of-file-fixer
+        exclude: ^docs/property-testing\.md$
+      - id: check-yaml
+        args: ['--unsafe']
+      - id: check-added-large-files
+      - id: check-json
+      - id: check-toml
+      - id: check-merge-conflict
+      - id: debug-statements
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+    rev: v0.15.4
+    hooks:
+      - id: ruff
+        args: [--fix, --exit-non-zero-on-fix]
+      - id: ruff-format
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/RobertCraigie/pyright-python
+    rev: v1.1.408
+    hooks:
+      - id: pyright
+
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: pip-audit
+        name: pip-audit
+        language: system
+        pass_filenames: false
+        files: ^(pyproject\.toml|uv\.lock)$
+        entry: >-
+          bash -c 'f=$(mktemp) &&
+          uv export --frozen --no-emit-project --all-extras --no-hashes -o "$f" >/dev/null &&
+          uvx pip-audit==2.10.0 -r "$f" --disable-pip --no-deps;
+          status=$?; rm -f "$f"; exit $status'
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint
+    rev: v1.7.7
+    hooks:
+      - id: actionlint
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/commitizen-tools/commitizen
+    rev: v4.13.8
+    hooks:
+      - id: commitizen
+        stages: [commit-msg]
+        additional_dependencies: [typing_extensions]

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# Claude Code Instructions
+
+<!-- standard:start -->
+## Code Style
+
+- All public functions, methods, classes, and modules **must** have a docstring
+- Use imperative mood: "Return the result." not "Returns the result."
+- One-line docstrings for simple functions; multi-line with summary + details for complex ones
+- Follow the Google docstring convention (D211, D212 selected via ruff)
+
+## Linting
+
+- Ruff enforces a comprehensive rule set -- run `uv run ruff check .` before committing
+- Pyright runs in strict mode -- run `uv run pyright src tests` before committing
+- All violations must be fixed, not ignored. Exceptions are the repo-owned `ignore` and `per-file-ignores` lists in `pyproject.toml`, which belong to this repo; the series sync never edits them
+
+## Testing
+
+- TDD workflow: Red-Green-Refactor
+- Coverage is enforced by pytest-cov; the floor in `pyproject.toml` is repo-owned
+- Test classes and methods also require docstrings
+- Use named constants instead of magic values (PLR2004)
+- Run `uv run pytest` before committing
+- Property-based tests (Hypothesis) live in `tests/test_properties.py` and `tests/test_model.py`; the shared profiles are in the root `conftest.py` (owned by `series sync`). Run `uv run pytest --hypothesis-profile=thorough` before a release.
+
+## Commits
+
+- Use conventional commits: `feat:`, `fix:`, `refactor:`, `test:`, `docs:`, `ci:`, `chore:`
+- All changes go via PR from a feature branch (main is protected); merge when CI is green
+
+## Dependencies
+
+- Package manager: uv
+- Run `uv sync --all-extras` after modifying dependencies
+- `uv.lock` is committed; CI and pre-commit audit it with pip-audit through `uvx`, so pip-audit is not a project dependency
+- Sibling projects, where used, are pinned release tags in `[tool.uv.sources]` (git + tag); never use `path` sources
+
+## Releasing
+
+- A release is a `vX.Y.Z` tag on main after the PR is merged
+- Docs-only and tooling-only changes do not get a release tag
+- Docs are built with `mkdocs build --strict` and deployed to GitHub Pages by the docs workflow
+<!-- standard:end -->
+
+## Project notes
+
+- Pyright in strict mode -- run `uv run pyright src tests` before committing
+- All violations must be fixed, not ignored (except D203/D213 incompatible pair)
+- Minimum 80% coverage enforced by pytest-cov
+- Use conventional commits (enforced by commitizen): `feat:`, `fix:`, `refactor:`, `test:`, `docs:`, `ci:`, `chore:`
+- All changes go via PR from a feature branch (main is protected)
+- Add production deps to `[project.dependencies]`

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 Rob Cox
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/PKG-INFO

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.5
+Name: fromscratch-pykv
+Version: 0.4.0
+Summary: An educational key-value store library built from scratch in Python
+Project-URL: Homepage, https://github.com/robcox2910/pykv
+Project-URL: Repository, https://github.com/robcox2910/pykv
+Project-URL: Issues, https://github.com/robcox2910/pykv/issues
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://robcox2910.github.io/pykv/
+Author: Rob Cox
+License: MIT
+License-File: LICENSE
+Keywords: cache,education,key-value,store
+Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Education
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14
+Classifier: Topic :: Education
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
+Classifier: Typing :: Typed
+Requires-Python: >=3.14
+Provides-Extra: dev
+Requires-Dist: commitizen>=4.4.0; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: hypothesis>=6.170; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pip-audit>=2.10.0; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pre-commit>=4.0.1; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pyright>=1.1.400; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-cov>=6.0.0; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: pytest>=8.3.4; extra == 'dev'
+Requires-Dist: ruff>=0.9.3; extra == 'dev'
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+
+# PyKV
+
+An educational key-value store built from scratch in Python.
+
+Part of the [PyLearn](https://github.com/robcox2910) series — learning computer science by building real tools.
+
+## What Is a Key-Value Store?
+
+Think of a **phonebook**: you look up a name (the *key*) and get back a phone number (the *value*). A key-value store works the same way — it's the simplest kind of database.
+
+## Features
+
+- **Get / Set / Delete** — basic phonebook operations
+- **TTL (Time-To-Live)** — keys that expire, like milk with a use-by date
+- **Multiple Data Types** — store strings, numbers, lists, and dicts
+- **Persistence** — save to disk so data survives a restart
+- **Namespaces** — group keys like folders in a filing cabinet
+- **Batch Operations** — handle many keys at once, like a grocery list
+- **Atomic Counters** — thread-safe increment/decrement, like a tally counter
+- **Pattern Matching** — find keys matching a glob pattern
+
+## Quick Start
+
+```python
+from pykv.store import BasicStore
+
+store = BasicStore()
+store.set("greeting", "hello")
+print(store.get("greeting"))  # "hello"
+```
+
+## Releasing
+
+Other projects in the series ([PyStack](https://github.com/robcox2910/pystack)) use a pinned release of this one,
+not whatever is on `main`. To publish a change for them:
+
+1. Merge the change to `main`.
+2. Tag it: `git tag -a vX.Y.Z -m vX.Y.Z && git push origin vX.Y.Z`.
+   A change to the public API bumps the minor version (`v0.1.0` → `v0.2.0`);
+   anything else bumps the patch (`v0.1.0` → `v0.1.1`).
+3. In each project that uses it, edit the tag in `[tool.uv.sources]`, run
+   `uv lock --upgrade-package <name>`, and open a pull request so CI checks
+   the pair together.
+
+<!-- series:start -->
+## Related Projects
+
+This project is one of a series that builds real systems "from scratch in Python" to teach how they work. See the [series home](https://robcox2910.github.io/) for the full story.
+
+| Project | What it teaches | Repository | Docs |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| PyOS | Operating systems | [py-os](https://github.com/robcox2910/py-os) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/py-os/) |
+| Pebble | Compilers and programming languages | [pebble-lang](https://github.com/robcox2910/pebble-lang) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pebble-lang/) |
+| PyDB | Relational databases | [pydb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pydb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pydb/) |
+| **PyKV** | **Key-value stores** | [pykv](https://github.com/robcox2910/pykv) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pykv/) |
+| PyDocDB | Document databases | [pydoc-db](https://github.com/robcox2910/pydoc-db) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pydoc-db/) |
+| PyGraphDB | Graph databases | [pygraphdb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pygraphdb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pygraphdb/) |
+| PyTSDB | Time-series databases | [pytsdb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pytsdb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pytsdb/) |
+| PyVecDB | Vector databases | [pyvecdb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyvecdb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyvecdb/) |
+| PyColDB | Column-family databases | [pycoldb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pycoldb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pycoldb/) |
+| PyCrypt | Cryptography | [pycrypt](https://github.com/robcox2910/pycrypt) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pycrypt/) |
+| PyNet | Computer networking | [pynet](https://github.com/robcox2910/pynet) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pynet/) |
+| PyWeb | HTTP web servers | [pyweb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyweb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyweb/) |
+| PyGit | Version control | [pygit](https://github.com/robcox2910/pygit) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pygit/) |
+| PySearch | Search engines | [pysearch](https://github.com/robcox2910/pysearch) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pysearch/) |
+| PyMQ | Message queues | [pymq](https://github.com/robcox2910/pymq) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pymq/) |
+| PyLLM | Language models (the brain) | [pyllm](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyllm) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyllm/) |
+| PyScheduler | Job scheduling | [pyscheduler](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyscheduler) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyscheduler/) |
+| PyStack | Full-stack integration | [pystack](https://github.com/robcox2910/pystack) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pystack/) |
+<!-- series:end -->
+
+<!-- docs:start -->
+## Documentation
+
+Full docs (with kid-friendly explanations of every idea): https://robcox2910.github.io/pykv/
+<!-- docs:end -->

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# PyKV
+
+An educational key-value store built from scratch in Python.
+
+Part of the [PyLearn](https://github.com/robcox2910) series — learning computer science by building real tools.
+
+## What Is a Key-Value Store?
+
+Think of a **phonebook**: you look up a name (the *key*) and get back a phone number (the *value*). A key-value store works the same way — it's the simplest kind of database.
+
+## Features
+
+- **Get / Set / Delete** — basic phonebook operations
+- **TTL (Time-To-Live)** — keys that expire, like milk with a use-by date
+- **Multiple Data Types** — store strings, numbers, lists, and dicts
+- **Persistence** — save to disk so data survives a restart
+- **Namespaces** — group keys like folders in a filing cabinet
+- **Batch Operations** — handle many keys at once, like a grocery list
+- **Atomic Counters** — thread-safe increment/decrement, like a tally counter
+- **Pattern Matching** — find keys matching a glob pattern
+
+## Quick Start
+
+```python
+from pykv.store import BasicStore
+
+store = BasicStore()
+store.set("greeting", "hello")
+print(store.get("greeting"))  # "hello"
+```
+
+## Releasing
+
+Other projects in the series ([PyStack](https://github.com/robcox2910/pystack)) use a pinned release of this one,
+not whatever is on `main`. To publish a change for them:
+
+1. Merge the change to `main`.
+2. Tag it: `git tag -a vX.Y.Z -m vX.Y.Z && git push origin vX.Y.Z`.
+   A change to the public API bumps the minor version (`v0.1.0` → `v0.2.0`);
+   anything else bumps the patch (`v0.1.0` → `v0.1.1`).
+3. In each project that uses it, edit the tag in `[tool.uv.sources]`, run
+   `uv lock --upgrade-package <name>`, and open a pull request so CI checks
+   the pair together.
+
+<!-- series:start -->
+## Related Projects
+
+This project is one of a series that builds real systems "from scratch in Python" to teach how they work. See the [series home](https://robcox2910.github.io/) for the full story.
+
+| Project | What it teaches | Repository | Docs |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| PyOS | Operating systems | [py-os](https://github.com/robcox2910/py-os) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/py-os/) |
+| Pebble | Compilers and programming languages | [pebble-lang](https://github.com/robcox2910/pebble-lang) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pebble-lang/) |
+| PyDB | Relational databases | [pydb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pydb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pydb/) |
+| **PyKV** | **Key-value stores** | [pykv](https://github.com/robcox2910/pykv) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pykv/) |
+| PyDocDB | Document databases | [pydoc-db](https://github.com/robcox2910/pydoc-db) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pydoc-db/) |
+| PyGraphDB | Graph databases | [pygraphdb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pygraphdb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pygraphdb/) |
+| PyTSDB | Time-series databases | [pytsdb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pytsdb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pytsdb/) |
+| PyVecDB | Vector databases | [pyvecdb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyvecdb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyvecdb/) |
+| PyColDB | Column-family databases | [pycoldb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pycoldb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pycoldb/) |
+| PyCrypt | Cryptography | [pycrypt](https://github.com/robcox2910/pycrypt) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pycrypt/) |
+| PyNet | Computer networking | [pynet](https://github.com/robcox2910/pynet) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pynet/) |
+| PyWeb | HTTP web servers | [pyweb](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyweb) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyweb/) |
+| PyGit | Version control | [pygit](https://github.com/robcox2910/pygit) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pygit/) |
+| PySearch | Search engines | [pysearch](https://github.com/robcox2910/pysearch) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pysearch/) |
+| PyMQ | Message queues | [pymq](https://github.com/robcox2910/pymq) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pymq/) |
+| PyLLM | Language models (the brain) | [pyllm](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyllm) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyllm/) |
+| PyScheduler | Job scheduling | [pyscheduler](https://github.com/robcox2910/pyscheduler) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pyscheduler/) |
+| PyStack | Full-stack integration | [pystack](https://github.com/robcox2910/pystack) | [Docs](https://robcox2910.github.io/pystack/) |
+<!-- series:end -->
+
+<!-- docs:start -->
+## Documentation
+
+Full docs (with kid-friendly explanations of every idea): https://robcox2910.github.io/pykv/
+<!-- docs:end -->

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/conftest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+"""Shared Hypothesis profiles for the series.
+
+Two profiles are registered, and ``ci`` is loaded by default:
+
+- ``ci`` runs 100 examples with no deadline, a fixed seed and no example
+  database, so the same code gives the same result on every machine and a
+  green build can be trusted.
+- ``thorough`` runs 2000 examples with a random seed, to hunt for the rare
+  counterexample before a release.
+
+Run the long one with ``uv run pytest --hypothesis-profile=thorough``.
+
+This file is owned by ``series sync``. Edit it in the series home repo
+(robcox2910.github.io), not here, or the next sync will put it back.
+"""
+
+from hypothesis import settings
+
+settings.register_profile("ci", max_examples=100, deadline=None, derandomize=True, database=None)
+settings.register_profile("thorough", max_examples=2000, deadline=None, derandomize=False)
+settings.load_profile("ci")

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/docs/concepts/basics.md

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Basics: Get, Set, Delete
+
+## The Notebook Analogy
+
+A `BasicStore` is like a notebook where you write labels and information:
+
+- **Set** = Write a new entry (or erase and rewrite an existing one)
+- **Get** = Look up an entry by its label
+- **Delete** = Erase an entry
+- **Exists** = Check if a label is in the notebook (without reading it)
+- **Keys** = List every label in the notebook
+
+## Creating a Store
+
+```python
+from pykv import BasicStore
+
+store = BasicStore()
+```
+
+That's it! You now have an empty notebook ready to use.
+
+## Setting Values
+
+```python
+store.set("name", "Alice")
+store.set("age", 13)
+store.set("favorite_colors", ["blue", "green"])
+```
+
+If you set a key that already exists, the old value is replaced:
+
+```python
+store.set("name", "Alice")
+store.set("name", "Bob")     # Overwrites "Alice"
+store.get("name")             # "Bob"
+```
+
+## Getting Values
+
+```python
+name = store.get("name")     # "Bob"
+```
+
+If the key doesn't exist, you get an error:
+
+```python
+store.get("nonexistent")     # Raises KeyNotFoundError!
+```
+
+To avoid the error, use `get_or_default`:
+
+```python
+store.get_or_default("nickname", "N/A")  # "N/A" (no error)
+```
+
+## Deleting Values
+
+```python
+store.delete("name")          # Returns True (it existed)
+store.delete("name")          # Returns False (already gone)
+```
+
+## Checking Existence
+
+```python
+store.exists("age")           # True
+store.exists("ghost")         # False
+```
+
+## Other Useful Methods
+
+```python
+store.keys()    # List all key names: ["age", "favorite_colors"]
+store.size()    # How many entries: 2
+store.clear()   # Erase everything
+store.size()    # 0
+```

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/docs/concepts/batch.md

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Batch Operations: Working with Many Keys at Once
+
+## The Grocery List Analogy
+
+Imagine going to the grocery store. You could make a separate trip for each item -- one trip for milk, another for bread, another for eggs. That would be exhausting!
+
+Instead, you write a **grocery list** and grab everything in one trip. Batch operations work the same way: instead of calling `set()` or `get()` one key at a time, you handle multiple keys in a single call.
+
+> **Honest note:** Batch operations are about *convenience*, not raw speed. Under the hood they are a plain loop that still calls `set()` or `get()` one key at a time, and they are **not** atomic (they do not all-succeed-or-all-fail together). The win is cleaner, shorter code -- one call instead of many.
+
+## Batch Set
+
+```python
+from pykv import BasicStore, batch_set
+
+store = BasicStore()
+
+# Set many keys at once (like filling your cart from a list)
+batch_set(store, {
+    "player": "Alice",
+    "score": 9001,
+    "level": 42,
+    "health": 100,
+})
+```
+
+## Batch Get
+
+```python
+from pykv import batch_get
+
+# Get many keys at once
+result = batch_get(store, ["player", "score", "level"])
+# {"player": "Alice", "score": 9001, "level": 42}
+```
+
+If a key is missing, you get an error. To skip missing keys instead:
+
+```python
+result = batch_get(store, ["player", "nonexistent"], skip_missing=True)
+# {"player": "Alice"}  (missing key silently skipped)
+```
+
+## Batch Delete
+
+```python
+from pykv import batch_delete
+
+# Delete many keys at once
+deleted = batch_delete(store, ["score", "level", "ghost"])
+print(deleted)  # 2 (only 2 keys actually existed)
+```
+
+## Batch Exists
+
+```python
+from pykv import batch_exists
+
+result = batch_exists(store, ["player", "health", "ghost"])
+# {"player": True, "health": True, "ghost": False}
+```
+
+## When to Use Batch Operations
+
+- Loading initial data into the store
+- Saving/restoring a group of related settings
+- Cleaning up a group of temporary keys
+- Checking which keys exist before processing

fromscratch_pykv-0.4.0/docs/concepts/counters.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# Atomic Counters: Thread-Safe Counting
+
+## The Tally Counter Analogy
+
+Have you seen those clicky tally counters that bouncers use to count people entering a venue? Every click adds exactly 1 to the count. Even if two bouncers click at the exact same time, the counter never gets confused -- each click is a single, unbreakable action.
+
+That's what "atomic" means in programming: an operation that cannot be interrupted or corrupted, even when multiple things happen at the same time.
+
+## The Problem Without Atomic Operations
+
+Imagine two threads (workers) both trying to increment the same counter:
+
+```
+Counter = 5
+
+Thread A reads: 5          Thread B reads: 5
+Thread A writes: 6         Thread B writes: 6  (should be 7!)
+```
+
+Both threads read 5 and wrote 6, so we lost an increment! The counter should be 7 but it's only 6. This is called a **race condition**.
+
+## Using AtomicCounter
+
+```python
+from pykv import BasicStore, AtomicCounter
+
+store = BasicStore()
+counter = AtomicCounter(store)
+
+# Increment (starts at 0 if the key doesn't exist)
+counter.increment("visitors")     # Returns 1
+counter.increment("visitors")     # Returns 2
+counter.increment("visitors", 5)  # Returns 7 (add 5 at once)
+
+# Decrement
+counter.decrement("visitors")     # Returns 6
+counter.decrement("visitors", 3)  # Returns 3
+
+# Check current value
+counter.get_value("visitors")     # 3
+
+# Reset to zero
+counter.reset("visitors")
+counter.get_value("visitors")     # 0
+```
+
+## Thread Safety
+
+AtomicCounter uses a lock internally, so multiple threads can safely increment/decrement the same counter without race conditions:
+
+```python
+import threading
+
+counter = AtomicCounter(BasicStore())
+
+def count_clicks():
+    for _ in range(1000):
+        counter.increment("clicks")
+
+# Run 4 threads simultaneously
+threads = [threading.Thread(target=count_clicks) for _ in range(4)]
+for t in threads:
+    t.start()
+for t in threads:
+    t.join()
+
+print(counter.get_value("clicks"))  # Always exactly 4000!
+```
+
+## Use Cases
+
+- **Page view counters**: Track how many times a page is visited
+- **Rate limiting**: Count requests per minute
+- **Game scores**: Safely update scores from multiple sources
+- **Inventory**: Track stock levels with concurrent updates