flow-twinx 0.4.2__tar.gz → 0.4.3__tar.gz

{flow_twinx-0.4.2 → flow_twinx-0.4.3}/PKG-INFO

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Metadata-Version: 2.4
 Name: flow-twinx
-Version: 0.4.2
+Version: 0.4.3
 Summary: A terminal music player with online and offline modes
 Project-URL: Homepage, https://github.com/philast-015/flow/
 Project-URL: Issues, https://github.com/philast-015/flow/issues
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ uv run main.py
 | `-kill` | Kill all background VLC processes                                     |
 | `-i`    | Use it in help command to show detailed help                          |
 | `-s`    | Use it shuffle or play random songs                                   |
-| `-i`    | Use it to repeat songs no of time [ -t n ] [ -t ] ( n = no of times ) |
+| `-r`    | Use it to repeat songs no of time [ -r n ] [ -r ] ( n = no of times ) |
+| `-d`    | Use it to download songs                                              |
 
 ### Shell Mode
 
@@ -116,14 +117,6 @@ flow -dl never gonna give you up    # dl → download
 | `help`                 | Show available commands                           |
 | `help -i`              | Show available commands with detailed explanation |
 
-## Configuration
-
-- Downloads and library are stored in `~/.flow/downloads/`
-- Liked songs (online) are saved to `~/.flow/liked.txt`
-- Liked songs (offline) are copied to `~/.flow/downloads/liked songs/`
-- User shortcuts are stored in `~/.flow/shortcuts.json`
-- Config file: `~/.flow/config.json`
-
 ### Config Options
 
 | Target       | Description                  | Range              |
@@ -138,6 +131,14 @@ flow -dl never gonna give you up    # dl → download
 
 Usage: `config <target> <value>`
 
+## Configuration
+
+- Downloads and library are stored in `~/.flow/downloads/`
+- Liked songs (online) are saved to `~/.flow/liked.txt`
+- Liked songs (offline) are copied to `~/.flow/downloads/liked songs/`
+- User shortcuts are stored in `~/.flow/shortcuts.json`
+- Config file: `~/.flow/config.json`
+
 ## Project Structure
 
 ```

{flow_twinx-0.4.2 → flow_twinx-0.4.3}/README.md

@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@ uv run main.py
 | `-kill` | Kill all background VLC processes                                     |
 | `-i`    | Use it in help command to show detailed help                          |
 | `-s`    | Use it shuffle or play random songs                                   |
-| `-i`    | Use it to repeat songs no of time [ -t n ] [ -t ] ( n = no of times ) |
+| `-r`    | Use it to repeat songs no of time [ -r n ] [ -r ] ( n = no of times ) |
+| `-d`    | Use it to download songs                                              |
 
 ### Shell Mode
 
@@ -102,14 +103,6 @@ flow -dl never gonna give you up    # dl → download
 | `help`                 | Show available commands                           |
 | `help -i`              | Show available commands with detailed explanation |
 
-## Configuration
-
-- Downloads and library are stored in `~/.flow/downloads/`
-- Liked songs (online) are saved to `~/.flow/liked.txt`
-- Liked songs (offline) are copied to `~/.flow/downloads/liked songs/`
-- User shortcuts are stored in `~/.flow/shortcuts.json`
-- Config file: `~/.flow/config.json`
-
 ### Config Options
 
 | Target       | Description                  | Range              |
@@ -124,6 +117,14 @@ flow -dl never gonna give you up    # dl → download
 
 Usage: `config <target> <value>`
 
+## Configuration
+
+- Downloads and library are stored in `~/.flow/downloads/`
+- Liked songs (online) are saved to `~/.flow/liked.txt`
+- Liked songs (offline) are copied to `~/.flow/downloads/liked songs/`
+- User shortcuts are stored in `~/.flow/shortcuts.json`
+- Config file: `~/.flow/config.json`
+
 ## Project Structure
 
 ```

{flow_twinx-0.4.2 → flow_twinx-0.4.3}/flow_twinx/Offline/commands.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import os
 import random
-from ..imports import config, merge_flags, is_connected
-from .. import shortcuts
+
+from .. import help_detail, shortcuts
+from ..imports import config, is_connected, merge_flags
 from . import file as lib
 from . import player
 
@@ -31,8 +32,10 @@ def _fork_bg(label):
     os.dup2(devnull, 2)
     return True
 
+
 try:
     import readline
+
     _HAS_READLINE = True
 except ImportError:
     _HAS_READLINE = False
@@ -41,15 +44,15 @@ _last_results = []
 _last_played = None
 
 COMMANDS = {
-    "play":    "Play song(s) from local library | all by play all | and liked",
-    "search":  "Search local music library",
-    "list":    "List local music library",
-    "like":    "Like the currently playing song",
-    "switch":  "Switch to Online mode (checks connection)",
-    "help":    "Show this help message",
-    "short":   "Show/update command shortcuts",
-    "config":  "Change primary/secondary/tertiary colors",
-    "exit":    "Exit Flow",
+    "play": "Play song(s) from local library | all by play all | and liked",
+    "search": "Search local music library",
+    "list": "List local music library",
+    "like": "Like the currently playing song",
+    "switch": "Switch to Online mode (checks connection)",
+    "help": "Show this help message",
+    "short": "Show/update command shortcuts",
+    "config": "Change primary/secondary/tertiary colors",
+    "exit": "Exit Flow",
 }
 
 
@@ -67,10 +70,9 @@ class _Completer:
                 songs = lib.get_song_names()
                 albums = lib.get_album_names()
                 all_names = songs + albums
-                options = sorted(set(
-                    n for n in all_names
-                    if n.lower().startswith(text.lower())
-                ))
+                options = sorted(
+                    set(n for n in all_names if n.lower().startswith(text.lower()))
+                )
             else:
                 options = []
             self.matches = options
@@ -85,12 +87,14 @@ def _setup_completion():
         return
     readline.set_completer(_Completer().complete)
     readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")
-    readline.set_completer_delims(' \t\n;')
+    readline.set_completer_delims(" \t\n;")
 
 
 def run(cmd: str, extra: list[str], args):
     _setup_completion()
     cmd = shortcuts.resolve(cmd)
+    inf = "-i" in extra
+    extra = [x for x in extra if x != "-i"]
     extra, args = merge_flags(extra, args)
     if cmd == "play":
         play(extra, args)
@@ -103,7 +107,7 @@ def run(cmd: str, extra: list[str], args):
     elif cmd == "switch":
         switch_mode()
     elif cmd == "help":
-        show_help()
+        show_help(inf)
     elif cmd == "short":
         shortcuts.cmd_short(extra, m)
     elif cmd == "config":
@@ -184,6 +188,7 @@ def _play_liked(args):
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         pass
 
+
 def _play_all(args):
     global _last_played
     all_songs = lib.get_all_songs()
@@ -212,6 +217,7 @@ def _play_all(args):
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         pass
 
+
 def _play_album(album: str, args):
     global _last_played
     songs = lib.get_album_songs(album)
@@ -295,20 +301,15 @@ def switch_mode():
         e("No internet connection")
 
 
-def show_help():
-    print(f"{T}Offline Commands:{R}")
-    for cmd, desc in COMMANDS.items():
-        print(f"  {T}{cmd:12s}{R} {G}{desc}{R}")
-    print(f"\n{T}Config:{R}")
-    print(f"  {T}config{R}      {G}Configure colors, display mode, bars{R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config help       Show all config targets and colors{R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config display    Set display: none, bars, lyrics{R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config primary    Set primary color (online songs){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config secondary  Set secondary color (offline songs){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config tertiary   Set tertiary color (labels){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config barwidth   Bar count: 4-80 (current: {config.BarWidth}){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config barheight  Bar height: 2-16 (current: {config.BarHeight}){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config barspacing 0-4, min, fit, max (current: {config.BarSpacing}){R}")
-    print(f"\n{T}Display Modes:{R}")
-    print(f"  {G}bars{R}   Audio-reactive spectrum analyzer (needs audio output){R}")
-    print(f"  {G}none{R}   No display during playback{R}")
+def show_help(inf=False):
+    if inf:
+        print(f"{T}Offline Commands (detailed):{R}")
+        for cmd, lines in help_detail.OFFLINE_HELP.items():
+            for line in lines:
+                print(f"  {line}")
+            print()
+    else:
+        print(f"{T}Offline Commands:{R}")
+        for cmd, desc in COMMANDS.items():
+            print(f"  {T}{cmd:12s}{R} {G}{desc}{R}")
+        print(f"{G}  Use 'help -i' for detailed usage{R}")

flow_twinx-0.4.3/flow_twinx/Offline/player.py

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+import errno
+import fcntl
+import os
+import signal
+import sys
+import termios
+import threading
+import time
+import vlc
+from ..imports import config
+from .. import visualizer
+
+P = config.Primary
+S = config.Secondary
+T = config.Tertiary
+M = config.Muted
+E = config.Red
+R = config.Reset
+
+m = lambda t: print(f"{M}{t}{R}")
+e = lambda t: print(f"{E}{t}{R}")
+i = lambda t: print(f"{P if config.Mode == 'Online' else S}{t}{R}")
+t = lambda t: print(f"{T}{t}{R}")
+
+_paused = False
+_player = None
+_original_term = None
+
+
+def _sigusr1_toggle(sig, frame):
+    global _paused
+    _paused = not _paused
+    if _player:
+        _player.pause()
+
+
+def _setup_pause_input():
+    global _original_term
+    fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+    try:
+        _original_term = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+        new = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+        new[0] &= ~termios.IXON
+        new[6][termios.VSUSP] = 0
+        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, new)
+    except (termios.error, OSError):
+        _original_term = None
+        return
+    flags = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
+    fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, flags | os.O_NONBLOCK)
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGUSR1, _sigusr1_toggle)
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTSTP, signal.SIG_IGN)
+    thread = threading.Thread(target=_input_reader, daemon=True)
+    thread.start()
+
+
+def _input_reader():
+    fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+    try:
+        while True:
+            try:
+                ch = os.read(fd, 1)
+            except OSError as ex:
+                if ex.errno == errno.EAGAIN:
+                    time.sleep(0.05)
+                    continue
+                break
+            if ch == b"\x10":
+                os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGUSR1)
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+
+
+def _restore_pause_input():
+    global _original_term
+    if _original_term is not None:
+        try:
+            fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+            flags = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
+            fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, flags & ~os.O_NONBLOCK)
+            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, _original_term)
+        except (termios.error, OSError):
+            pass
+        _original_term = None
+
+
+def _flags_str(args):
+    if not args:
+        return ""
+    parts = []
+    if getattr(args, "repeat", False):
+        count = getattr(args, "repeat_count", 0)
+        parts.append(f"[Repeat:{'∞' if count < 0 else count}]")
+    if getattr(args, "shuffle", False):
+        parts.append("[Shuffle:On]")
+    return "  ".join(parts)
+
+
+def _display_loop(player, duration=0):
+    global _paused
+    display = config.Display
+    if display == "none":
+        return
+
+    if display == "bars":
+        visualizer.start()
+
+    start = time.time()
+    paused_printed = False
+    try:
+        while player.get_state() not in (vlc.State.Ended, vlc.State.Error):
+            if _paused:
+                if not paused_printed:
+                    sys.stdout.write(f"\r  {T}[Paused]{R}  ")
+                    sys.stdout.flush()
+                    paused_printed = True
+                try:
+                    time.sleep(0.1)
+                except OSError:
+                    pass
+                continue
+            if paused_printed:
+                paused_printed = False
+            if display == "bars":
+                bar_str = visualizer.render(color=S, reset=R)
+                sys.stdout.write(f"\r{bar_str}")
+                sys.stdout.flush()
+            try:
+                time.sleep(0.08)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+    finally:
+        if display == "bars":
+            visualizer.stop()
+        sys.stdout.write("\r" + " " * 60 + "\r\n")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+def play_file(filepath, title, args=None):
+    global _player, _paused
+    _paused = False
+    instance = vlc.Instance("--no-video --quiet")
+    _player = instance.media_player_new()
+    media = instance.media_new(str(filepath))
+    _player.set_media(media)
+    _player.play()
+    _setup_pause_input()
+
+    duration = 0
+    for _ in range(50):
+        duration = _player.get_length() / 1000
+        if duration > 0:
+            break
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+    if duration <= 0:
+        duration = 0
+    dur_min, dur_sec = divmod(int(duration), 60)
+    flags = _flags_str(args)
+    i(f"\nPlaying : {title}")
+    m(f"    [{dur_min}:{dur_sec:02d}]  {flags}" if flags else f"    [{dur_min}:{dur_sec:02d}]")
+
+    try:
+        _display_loop(_player, duration=duration)
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        _player.stop()
+        sys.stdout.write("\n")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+        raise
+    finally:
+        _restore_pause_input()

{flow_twinx-0.4.2 → flow_twinx-0.4.3}/flow_twinx/Online/commands.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import errno
+import fcntl
 import os
 import random
 import signal
@@ -6,7 +8,9 @@ import termios
 import threading
 import time
 
-from .. import shortcuts
+from flow_twinx.config import MAX_SEARCH_RESULTS
+
+from .. import help_detail, shortcuts
 from ..imports import config, merge_flags
 from . import player, savan, youtube
 
@@ -72,6 +76,8 @@ COMMANDS = {
 
 def run(cmd: str, extra: list[str], args):
     cmd = shortcuts.resolve(cmd)
+    inf = "-i" in extra
+    extra = [x for x in extra if x != "-i"]
     extra, args = merge_flags(extra, args)
     if cmd == "play":
         play(extra, args)
@@ -88,7 +94,7 @@ def run(cmd: str, extra: list[str], args):
     elif cmd == "switch":
         switch_mode()
     elif cmd == "help":
-        show_help()
+        show_help(inf)
     elif cmd in ("radio", "rd"):
         radio(extra, args)
     elif cmd == "short":
@@ -116,7 +122,7 @@ def _do_search(query):
     stop = False
     t = threading.Thread(target=_spinner, args=(lambda: stop,), daemon=True)
     t.start()
-    _last_results = youtube.search(query)
+    _last_results = youtube.search(query, MAX_SEARCH_RESULTS)
     stop = True
     t.join()
 
@@ -130,6 +136,10 @@ def play(extra: list[str], args):
         print("No song specified")
         return
 
+    if getattr(args, "download", False):
+        download(extra)
+        return
+
     if arg == "liked":
         _play_liked(args)
         return
@@ -332,6 +342,16 @@ def like_track():
     if not url:
         e("     No URL for current song")
         return
+    config.dev_print(
+        "Like Track",
+        {
+            "title": title,
+            "url": url,
+            "video_id": entry.get("id"),
+            "webpage_url": entry.get("webpage_url"),
+            "original_url": entry.get("original_url"),
+        },
+    )
     config.liked_music.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
     existing = (
         config.liked_music.read_text().strip().splitlines()
@@ -380,6 +400,15 @@ def radio(extra, args):
         if _radio_tracks and 0 <= idx < len(_radio_tracks):
             title, vid, dur = _radio_tracks[idx]
             url = f"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={vid}"
+            config.dev_print(
+                "Radio (play by index)",
+                {
+                    "title": title,
+                    "video_id": vid,
+                    "url": url,
+                    "duration": f"{dur}s",
+                },
+            )
             entry = youtube.get_entry(url)
             if getattr(args, "bg", False):
                 if not _fork_bg("Now playing"):
@@ -398,6 +427,15 @@ def radio(extra, args):
         if _radio_tracks and 0 <= idx < len(_radio_tracks):
             title, vid, dur = _radio_tracks[idx]
             url = f"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={vid}"
+            config.dev_print(
+                "Radio (play by query+index)",
+                {
+                    "title": title,
+                    "video_id": vid,
+                    "url": url,
+                    "duration": f"{dur}s",
+                },
+            )
             entry = youtube.get_entry(url)
             if getattr(args, "bg", False):
                 if not _fork_bg("Now playing"):
@@ -420,6 +458,23 @@ def radio(extra, args):
 
     _radio_tracks = tracks
 
+    if getattr(args, "download", False):
+        for idx, (title, vid, dur) in enumerate(_radio_tracks, 1):
+            url = f"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={vid}"
+            config.dev_print(
+                "Radio Download",
+                {
+                    "title": title,
+                    "video_id": vid,
+                    "url": url,
+                    "duration": f"{dur}s",
+                    "progress": f"{idx}/{len(_radio_tracks)}",
+                },
+            )
+            filepath = youtube.download_url(url, config.DOWNLOAD_DIR)
+            i(f"    Downloaded ({idx}/{len(_radio_tracks)}): {title}")
+        return
+
     if getattr(args, "shuffle", False):
         random.shuffle(_radio_tracks)
 
@@ -433,18 +488,48 @@ def radio(extra, args):
 
     old_sigint = signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, _radio_sigint)
     old_sigquit = signal.signal(signal.SIGQUIT, _radio_sigquit)
+    old_sigusr1 = signal.getsignal(signal.SIGUSR1)
 
     fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
     old_term = None
+    old_fd_flags = None
     try:
         old_term = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
         new = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
         new[0] &= ~termios.IXON
         new[6][termios.VQUIT] = 0x11  # Ctrl+Q -> SIGQUIT
+        new[6][termios.VSUSP] = 0     # disable Ctrl+Z suspend
         termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, new)
+        old_fd_flags = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
+        fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, old_fd_flags | os.O_NONBLOCK)
     except (termios.error, OSError):
         pass
 
+    def _radio_sigusr1(sig, frame):
+        player._sigusr1_toggle(sig, frame)
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGUSR1, _radio_sigusr1)
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTSTP, signal.SIG_IGN)
+    player._radio_active = True
+
+    def _radio_input_reader():
+        try:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    ch = os.read(fd, 1)
+                except OSError as ex:
+                    if ex.errno == errno.EAGAIN:
+                        time.sleep(0.05)
+                        continue
+                    break
+                if ch == b"\x10":
+                    os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGUSR1)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+    radio_reader = threading.Thread(target=_radio_input_reader, daemon=True)
+    radio_reader.start()
+
     flags = {"quit": lambda: _radio_quit, "skip": lambda: _radio_skip}
 
     repeat = getattr(args, "repeat", False)
@@ -457,6 +542,16 @@ def radio(extra, args):
             while idx < len(_radio_tracks) and not _radio_quit:
                 title, vid, dur = _radio_tracks[idx]
                 url = f"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={vid}"
+                config.dev_print(
+                    "Radio (playing track)",
+                    {
+                        "title": title,
+                        "video_id": vid,
+                        "url": url,
+                        "duration": f"{dur}s",
+                        "position": f"{idx + 1}/{len(_radio_tracks)}",
+                    },
+                )
                 entry = youtube.get_entry(url)
                 short = _truncate_title(title)
                 mins, secs = divmod(int(dur), 60)
@@ -465,7 +560,7 @@ def radio(extra, args):
                     n_title, n_vid, n_dur = _radio_tracks[idx + 1]
                     n_short = _truncate_title(n_title)
                     n_mins, n_secs = divmod(int(n_dur), 60)
-                    print(f"{T}\n\t⥤ Next: {n_short:30s} {n_mins}:{n_secs:02d}{R}")
+                    print(f"{T}\n\t[⥤ Next: {n_short:30s} {n_mins}:{n_secs:02d}]{R}")
 
                 _radio_skip = False
                 player.play_entry(entry, title, args, flags=flags)
@@ -478,10 +573,17 @@ def radio(extra, args):
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         _radio_quit = True
     finally:
+        player._radio_active = False
         if old_term is not None:
-            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_term)
+            try:
+                if old_fd_flags is not None:
+                    fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, old_fd_flags)
+                termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_term)
+            except (termios.error, OSError):
+                pass
         signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, old_sigint)
         signal.signal(signal.SIGQUIT, old_sigquit)
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGUSR1, old_sigusr1)
 
 
 def download(extra: list[str]):
@@ -502,6 +604,15 @@ def download(extra: list[str]):
             e("     No URL found for this entry")
             return
         title = entry.get("title", "Unknown")
+        config.dev_print(
+            "Download (by index)",
+            {
+                "title": title,
+                "url": url,
+                "video_id": entry.get("id"),
+                "output_dir": str(config.DOWNLOAD_DIR),
+            },
+        )
         filepath = youtube.download_url(url, config.DOWNLOAD_DIR)
         i(f"    Downloaded: {title} -> {filepath}")
     else:
@@ -515,6 +626,15 @@ def download(extra: list[str]):
             e("     No URL found for this entry")
             return
         title = entry.get("title", "Unknown")
+        config.dev_print(
+            "Download (by search)",
+            {
+                "title": title,
+                "url": url,
+                "video_id": entry.get("id"),
+                "output_dir": str(config.DOWNLOAD_DIR),
+            },
+        )
         filepath = youtube.download_url(url, config.DOWNLOAD_DIR)
         i(f"    Downloaded: {title} -> {filepath}")
 
@@ -523,21 +643,15 @@ def switch_mode():
     config.Mode = "Offline"
 
 
-def show_help():
-    print(f"{T}Online Commands:{R}")
-    for cmd, desc in COMMANDS.items():
-        print(f"  {T}{cmd:12s}{R} {G}{desc}{R}")
-    print(f"\n{T}Config:{R}")
-    print(f"  {T}config{R}      {G}Configure colors, display mode, bars{R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config help       Show all config targets and colors{R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config display    Set display: none, bars, lyrics{R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config primary    Set primary color (online songs){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config secondary  Set secondary color (offline songs){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config tertiary   Set tertiary color (labels){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config barwidth   Bar count: 4-80 (current: {config.BarWidth}){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config barheight  Bar height: 2-16 (current: {config.BarHeight}){R}")
-    print(f"    {G}config barspacing 0-4, min, fit, max (current: {config.BarSpacing}){R}")
-    print(f"\n{T}Display Modes:{R}")
-    print(f"  {G}bars{R}   Audio-reactive spectrum analyzer (needs audio output){R}")
-    print(f"  {G}lyrics{R}  Synced lyrics display with colors{R}")
-    print(f"  {G}none{R}   No display during playback{R}")
+def show_help(inf=False):
+    if inf:
+        print(f"{T}Online Commands (detailed):{R}")
+        for cmd, lines in help_detail.ONLINE_HELP.items():
+            for line in lines:
+                print(f"  {line}")
+            print()
+    else:
+        print(f"{T}Online Commands:{R}")
+        for cmd, desc in COMMANDS.items():
+            print(f"  {T}{cmd:12s}{R} {G}{desc}{R}")
+        print(f"{G}  Use 'help -i' for detailed usage{R}")