flixopt 3.2.1__tar.gz → 3.3.1__tar.gz

{flixopt-3.2.1 → flixopt-3.3.1}/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -81,6 +81,45 @@ If upgrading from v2.x, see the [v3.0.0 release notes](https://github.com/flixOp
 
 Until here -->
 
+## [3.3.1] - 2025-10-30
+
+**Summary**: Small Bugfix and improving readability
+
+If upgrading from v2.x, see the [v3.0.0 release notes](https://github.com/flixOpt/flixOpt/releases/tag/v3.0.0) and [Migration Guide](https://flixopt.github.io/flixopt/latest/user-guide/migration-guide-v3/).
+
+### ♻️ Changed
+- Improved `summary.yaml` to use a compacted list representation for periods and scenarios
+
+### 🐛 Fixed
+- Using `switch_on_total_max` with periods or scenarios failed
+
+### 📝 Docs
+- Add more comprehensive `CONTRIBUTE.md`
+- Improve logical structure in User Guide
+
+---
+
+## [3.3.0] - 2025-10-30
+
+**Summary**: Better access to Elements stored in the FLowSystem and better representations (repr)
+
+If upgrading from v2.x, see the [v3.0.0 release notes](https://github.com/flixOpt/flixOpt/releases/tag/v3.0.0) and [Migration Guide](https://flixopt.github.io/flixopt/latest/user-guide/migration-guide-v3/).
+
+### ♻️ Changed
+**Improved repr methods:**
+- **Results classes** (`ComponentResults`, `BusResults`, `FlowResults`, `EffectResults`) now show concise header with key metadata followed by xarray Dataset repr
+- **Element classes** (`Component`, `Bus`, `Flow`, `Effect`, `Storage`) now show one-line summaries with essential information (connections, sizes, capacities, constraints)
+
+**Container-based access:**
+- **FlowSystem** now provides dict-like access patterns for all elements
+- Use `flow_system['element_label']`, `flow_system.keys()`, `flow_system.values()`, and `flow_system.items()` for unified element access
+- Specialized containers (`components`, `buses`, `effects`, `flows`) offer type-specific access with helpful error messages
+
+### 🗑️ Deprecated
+- **`FlowSystem.all_elements`** property is deprecated in favor of dict-like interface (`flow_system['label']`, `.keys()`, `.values()`, `.items()`). Will be removed in v4.0.0.
+
+---
+
 ## [3.2.1] - 2025-10-29
 
 **Summary**:
@@ -105,21 +144,21 @@ If upgrading from v2.x, see the [v3.0.0 release notes](https://github.com/flixOp
 
 **Color management:**
 - **`setup_colors()` method** for `CalculationResults` and `SegmentedCalculationResults` to configure consistent colors across all plots
-  - Group components by colorscales: `results.setup_colors({'CHP': 'reds', 'Storage': 'blues', 'Greys': ['Grid', 'Demand']})`
-  - Automatically propagates to all segments in segmented calculations
-  - Colors persist across all plot calls unless explicitly overridden
+    - Group components by colorscales: `results.setup_colors({'CHP': 'reds', 'Storage': 'blues', 'Greys': ['Grid', 'Demand']})`
+    - Automatically propagates to all segments in segmented calculations
+    - Colors persist across all plot calls unless explicitly overridden
 - **Flexible color inputs**: Supports colorscale names (e.g., 'turbo', 'plasma'), color lists, or label-to-color dictionaries
 - **Cross-backend compatibility**: Seamless color handling for both Plotly and Matplotlib
 
 **Plotting customization:**
 - **Plotting kwargs support**: Pass additional arguments to plotting backends via `px_kwargs`, `plot_kwargs`, and `backend_kwargs` parameters
 - **New `CONFIG.Plotting` configuration section**:
-  - `default_show`: Control default plot visibility
-  - `default_engine`: Choose 'plotly' or 'matplotlib'
-  - `default_dpi`: Set resolution for saved plots
-  - `default_facet_cols`: Configure default faceting columns
-  - `default_sequential_colorscale`: Default for heatmaps (now 'turbo')
-  - `default_qualitative_colorscale`: Default for categorical plots (now 'plotly')
+    - `default_show`: Control default plot visibility
+    - `default_engine`: Choose 'plotly' or 'matplotlib'
+    - `default_dpi`: Set resolution for saved plots
+    - `default_facet_cols`: Configure default faceting columns
+    - `default_sequential_colorscale`: Default for heatmaps (now 'turbo')
+    - `default_qualitative_colorscale`: Default for categorical plots (now 'plotly')
 
 **I/O improvements:**
 - Centralized JSON/YAML I/O with auto-format detection
@@ -286,12 +325,12 @@ This replaces `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters and inverts the dir
 **API and Behavior Changes:**
 
 - **Effect system redesigned** (no deprecation):
-  - **Terminology changes**: Effect domains renamed for clarity: `operation` → `temporal`, `invest`/`investment` → `periodic`
-  - **Sharing system**: The old `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters were completely replaced with the new `share_from_temporal` and `share_from_periodic` syntax (see 🔥 Removed section)
+    - **Terminology changes**: Effect domains renamed for clarity: `operation` → `temporal`, `invest`/`investment` → `periodic`
+    - **Sharing system**: The old `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters were completely replaced with the new `share_from_temporal` and `share_from_periodic` syntax (see 🔥 Removed section)
 - **FlowSystem independence**: FlowSystems cannot be shared across multiple Calculations anymore. A copy of the FlowSystem is created instead, making every Calculation independent. Each Subcalculation in `SegmentedCalculation` now has its own distinct `FlowSystem` object
 - **Bus and Effect object assignment**: Direct assignment of Bus/Effect objects is no longer supported. Use labels (strings) instead:
-  - `Flow.bus` must receive a string label, not a Bus object
-  - Effect shares must use effect labels (strings) in dictionaries, not Effect objects
+    - `Flow.bus` must receive a string label, not a Bus object
+    - Effect shares must use effect labels (strings) in dictionaries, not Effect objects
 - **Logging defaults** (from v2.2.0): Console and file logging are now disabled by default. Enable explicitly with `CONFIG.Logging.console = True` and `CONFIG.apply()`
 
 **Class and Method Renaming:**
@@ -305,14 +344,14 @@ This replaces `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters and inverts the dir
 
 - Investment binary variable: `is_invested` → `invested` in `InvestmentModel`
 - Switch tracking variables in `OnOffModel`:
-  - `switch_on` → `switch|on`
-  - `switch_off` → `switch|off`
-  - `switch_on_nr` → `switch|count`
+    - `switch_on` → `switch|on`
+    - `switch_off` → `switch|off`
+    - `switch_on_nr` → `switch|count`
 - Effect submodel variables (following terminology changes):
-  - `Effect(invest)|total` → `Effect(periodic)`
-  - `Effect(operation)|total` → `Effect(temporal)`
-  - `Effect(operation)|total_per_timestep` → `Effect(temporal)|per_timestep`
-  - `Effect|total` → `Effect`
+    - `Effect(invest)|total` → `Effect(periodic)`
+    - `Effect(operation)|total` → `Effect(temporal)`
+    - `Effect(operation)|total_per_timestep` → `Effect(temporal)|per_timestep`
+    - `Effect|total` → `Effect`
 
 **Data Structure Changes:**
 
@@ -533,7 +572,7 @@ This replaces `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters and inverts the dir
 
 ### ✨ Added
 - **Network Visualization**: Added `FlowSystem.start_network_app()` and `FlowSystem.stop_network_app()` to easily visualize the network structure of a flow system in an interactive Dash web app
-  - *Note: This is still experimental and might change in the future*
+    - *Note: This is still experimental and might change in the future*
 
 ### ♻️ Changed
 - **Multi-Flow Support**: `Sink`, `Source`, and `SourceAndSink` now accept multiple `flows` as `inputs` and `outputs` instead of just one. This enables modeling more use cases with these classes
@@ -575,8 +614,8 @@ This replaces `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters and inverts the dir
 
 ### 🐛 Fixed
 - Storage losses per hour were not calculated correctly, as mentioned by @brokenwings01. This might have led to issues when modeling large losses and long timesteps.
-  - Old implementation:     $c(\text{t}_{i}) \cdot (1-\dot{\text{c}}_\text{rel,loss}(\text{t}_i)) \cdot \Delta \text{t}_{i}$
-  - Correct implementation: $c(\text{t}_{i}) \cdot (1-\dot{\text{c}}_\text{rel,loss}(\text{t}_i)) ^{\Delta \text{t}_{i}}$
+    - Old implementation:     $c(\text{t}_{i}) \cdot (1-\dot{\text{c}}_\text{rel,loss}(\text{t}_i)) \cdot \Delta \text{t}_{i}$
+    - Correct implementation: $c(\text{t}_{i}) \cdot (1-\dot{\text{c}}_\text{rel,loss}(\text{t}_i)) ^{\Delta \text{t}_{i}}$
 
 ### 🚧 Known Issues
 - Just to mention: Plotly >= 6 may raise errors if "nbformat" is not installed. We pinned plotly to <6, but this may be fixed in the future.
@@ -601,10 +640,10 @@ This replaces `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters and inverts the dir
 
 ### 💥 Breaking Changes
 - Restructured the modeling of the On/Off state of Flows or Components
-  - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|hours`
-  - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_off_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOff|hours`
-  - Constraint renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours_con1` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|con1`
-  - Similar pattern for all consecutive on/off constraints
+    - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|hours`
+    - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_off_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOff|hours`
+    - Constraint renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours_con1` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|con1`
+    - Similar pattern for all consecutive on/off constraints
 
 ### 🐛 Fixed
 - Fixed the lower bound of `flow_rate` when using optional investments without OnOffParameters
@@ -650,10 +689,10 @@ This replaces `specific_share_to_other_effects_*` parameters and inverts the dir
 
 **Variable Structure:**
 - Restructured the modeling of the On/Off state of Flows or Components
-  - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|hours`
-  - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_off_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOff|hours`
-  - Constraint renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours_con1` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|con1`
-  - Similar pattern for all consecutive on/off constraints
+    - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|hours`
+    - Variable renaming: `...|consecutive_off_hours` → `...|ConsecutiveOff|hours`
+    - Constraint renaming: `...|consecutive_on_hours_con1` → `...|ConsecutiveOn|con1`
+    - Similar pattern for all consecutive on/off constraints
 
 ### 🔥 Removed
 - **Pyomo dependency** (replaced by linopy)

flixopt-3.3.1/CONTRIBUTE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# Contributing to FlixOpt
+
+We warmly welcome contributions from the community! Whether you're fixing bugs, adding features, improving documentation, or sharing examples, your contributions are valuable.
+
+## Ways to Contribute
+
+### 🐛 Report Issues
+Found a bug or have a feature request? Please [open an issue](https://github.com/flixOpt/flixopt/issues) on GitHub.
+
+When reporting issues, please include:
+- A clear description of the problem
+- Steps to reproduce the issue
+- Expected vs. actual behavior
+- Your environment (OS, Python version, FlixOpt version)
+- Minimal code example if applicable
+
+### 💡 Share Examples
+Help others learn FlixOpt by contributing examples:
+- Real-world use cases
+- Tutorial notebooks
+- Integration examples with other tools
+- Add them to the `examples/` directory
+
+### 📖 Improve Documentation
+Documentation improvements are always welcome:
+- Fix typos or clarify existing docs
+- Add missing documentation
+- Translate documentation
+- Improve code comments
+
+### 🔧 Submit Code Contributions
+Ready to contribute code? Great! See the sections below for setup and guidelines.
+
+---
+
+## Development Setup
+
+### Getting Started
+1. Fork and clone the repository:
+   ```bash
+   git clone https://github.com/flixOpt/flixopt.git
+   cd flixopt
+   ```
+
+2. Install development dependencies:
+   ```bash
+   pip install -e ".[full, dev]"
+   ```
+
+3. Set up pre-commit hooks (one-time setup):
+   ```bash
+   pre-commit install
+   ```
+
+4. Verify your setup:
+   ```bash
+   pytest
+   ```
+
+### Working with Documentation
+FlixOpt uses [mkdocs](https://www.mkdocs.org/) to generate documentation.
+
+To work on documentation:
+```bash
+pip install -e ".[docs]"
+mkdocs serve
+```
+Then navigate to http://127.0.0.1:8000/
+
+---
+
+## Code Quality Standards
+
+### Automated Checks
+We use [Ruff](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff) for linting and formatting. After the one-time setup above, **code quality checks run automatically on every commit**.
+
+### Manual Checks
+To run checks manually:
+- `ruff check --fix .` - Check and fix linting issues
+- `ruff format .` - Format code
+- `pre-commit run --all-files` - Run all pre-commit checks
+
+### Testing
+All tests are located in the `tests/` directory with a flat structure:
+- `test_component.py` - Component tests
+- `test_flow.py` - Flow tests
+- `test_storage.py` - Storage tests
+- etc.
+
+#### Running Tests
+- `pytest` - Run the full test suite (excluding examples by default)
+- `pytest tests/test_component.py` - Run a specific test file
+- `pytest tests/test_component.py::TestClassName` - Run a specific test class
+- `pytest tests/test_component.py::TestClassName::test_method` - Run a specific test
+- `pytest -m slow` - Run only slow tests
+- `pytest -m examples` - Run example tests (normally skipped)
+- `pytest -k "keyword"` - Run tests matching a keyword
+
+#### Common Test Patterns
+The `tests/conftest.py` file provides shared fixtures:
+- `solver_fixture` - Parameterized solver fixture (HiGHS, Gurobi)
+- `highs_solver` - HiGHS solver instance
+- Coordinate configuration fixtures for timesteps, periods, scenarios
+
+Use these fixtures by adding them as function parameters:
+```python
+def test_my_feature(solver_fixture):
+    # solver_fixture is automatically provided by pytest
+    model = fx.FlowSystem(...)
+    model.solve(solver_fixture)
+```
+
+#### Testing Guidelines
+- Write tests for all new functionality
+- Ensure all tests pass before submitting a PR
+- Aim for 100% test coverage for new code
+- Use descriptive test names that explain what's being tested
+- Add the `@pytest.mark.slow` decorator for tests that take >5 seconds
+
+### Coding Guidelines
+- Follow [PEP 8](https://pep8.org/) style guidelines
+- Write clear, self-documenting code with helpful comments
+- Include type hints for function signatures
+- Create or update tests for new functionality
+- Aim for 100% test coverage for new code
+
+---
+
+## Workflow
+
+### Branches & Pull Requests
+1. Create a feature branch from `main`:
+   ```bash
+   git checkout -b feature/your-feature-name
+   ```
+
+2. Make your changes and commit them with clear messages
+
+3. Push your branch and open a Pull Request
+
+4. Ensure all CI checks pass
+
+### Branch Naming
+- Features: `feature/feature-name`
+- Bug fixes: `fix/bug-description`
+- Documentation: `docs/what-changed`
+
+### Commit Messages
+- Use clear, descriptive commit messages
+- Start with a verb (Add, Fix, Update, Remove, etc.)
+- Keep the first line under 72 characters
+
+---
+
+## Releases
+
+We follow **Semantic Versioning** (MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH). Releases are created manually from the `main` branch by maintainers.
+
+---
+
+## Questions?
+
+If you have questions or need help, feel free to:
+- Open a discussion on GitHub
+- Ask in an issue
+- Reach out to the maintainers
+
+Thank you for contributing to FlixOpt!

{flixopt-3.2.1/flixopt.egg-info → flixopt-3.3.1}/PKG-INFO

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Metadata-Version: 2.4
 Name: flixopt
-Version: 3.2.1
+Version: 3.3.1
 Summary: Vector based energy and material flow optimization framework in Python.
 Author-email: "Chair of Building Energy Systems and Heat Supply, TU Dresden" <peter.stange@tu-dresden.de>, Felix Bumann <felixbumann387@gmail.com>, Felix Panitz <baumbude@googlemail.com>, Peter Stange <peter.stange@tu-dresden.de>
 Maintainer-email: Felix Bumann <felixbumann387@gmail.com>, Peter Stange <peter.stange@tu-dresden.de>

{flixopt-3.2.1 → flixopt-3.3.1}/flixopt/calculation.py

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Calculation:
                     'periodic': effect.submodel.periodic.total.solution.values,
                     'total': effect.submodel.total.solution.values,
                 }
-                for effect in self.flow_system.effects
+                for effect in sorted(self.flow_system.effects.values(), key=lambda e: e.label_full.upper())
             },
             'Invest-Decisions': {
                 'Invested': {

{flixopt-3.2.1 → flixopt-3.3.1}/flixopt/components.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal
 import numpy as np
 import xarray as xr
 
+from . import io as fx_io
 from .core import PeriodicDataUser, PlausibilityError, TemporalData, TemporalDataUser
 from .elements import Component, ComponentModel, Flow
 from .features import InvestmentModel, PiecewiseModel
@@ -528,6 +529,15 @@ class Storage(Component):
                     f'{self.discharging.size.minimum_size=}, {self.discharging.size.maximum_size=}.'
                 )
 
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """Return string representation."""
+        # Use build_repr_from_init directly to exclude charging and discharging
+        return fx_io.build_repr_from_init(
+            self,
+            excluded_params={'self', 'label', 'charging', 'discharging', 'kwargs'},
+            skip_default_size=True,
+        ) + fx_io.format_flow_details(self)
+
 
 @register_class_for_io
 class Transmission(Component):

{flixopt-3.2.1 → flixopt-3.3.1}/flixopt/effects.py

@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@ import linopy
 import numpy as np
 import xarray as xr
 
+from . import io as fx_io
 from .core import PeriodicDataUser, Scalar, TemporalData, TemporalDataUser
 from .features import ShareAllocationModel
-from .structure import Element, ElementModel, FlowSystemModel, Submodel, register_class_for_io
+from .structure import Element, ElementContainer, ElementModel, FlowSystemModel, Submodel, register_class_for_io
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Iterator
@@ -448,13 +449,13 @@ PeriodicEffects = dict[str, Scalar]
 EffectExpr = dict[str, linopy.LinearExpression]  # Used to create Shares
 
 
-class EffectCollection:
+class EffectCollection(ElementContainer[Effect]):
     """
     Handling all Effects
     """
 
     def __init__(self, *effects: Effect):
-        self._effects = {}
+        super().__init__(element_type_name='effects')
         self._standard_effect: Effect | None = None
         self._objective_effect: Effect | None = None
 
@@ -474,7 +475,7 @@ class EffectCollection:
                 self.standard_effect = effect
             if effect.is_objective:
                 self.objective_effect = effect
-            self._effects[effect.label] = effect
+            self.add(effect)  # Use the inherited add() method from ElementContainer
             logger.info(f'Registered new Effect: {effect.label}')
 
     def create_effect_values_dict(
@@ -520,10 +521,13 @@ class EffectCollection:
         # Check circular loops in effects:
         temporal, periodic = self.calculate_effect_share_factors()
 
-        # Validate all referenced sources exist
-        unknown = {src for src, _ in list(temporal.keys()) + list(periodic.keys()) if src not in self.effects}
+        # Validate all referenced effects (both sources and targets) exist
+        edges = list(temporal.keys()) + list(periodic.keys())
+        unknown_sources = {src for src, _ in edges if src not in self}
+        unknown_targets = {tgt for _, tgt in edges if tgt not in self}
+        unknown = unknown_sources | unknown_targets
         if unknown:
-            raise KeyError(f'Unknown effects used in in effect share mappings: {sorted(unknown)}')
+            raise KeyError(f'Unknown effects used in effect share mappings: {sorted(unknown)}')
 
         temporal_cycles = detect_cycles(tuples_to_adjacency_list([key for key in temporal]))
         periodic_cycles = detect_cycles(tuples_to_adjacency_list([key for key in periodic]))
@@ -552,31 +556,23 @@ class EffectCollection:
             else:
                 raise KeyError(f'Effect {effect} not found!')
         try:
-            return self.effects[effect]
+            return super().__getitem__(effect)  # Leverage ContainerMixin suggestions
         except KeyError as e:
-            raise KeyError(f'Effect "{effect}" not found! Add it to the FlowSystem first!') from e
+            # Extract the original message and append context for cleaner output
+            original_msg = str(e).strip('\'"')
+            raise KeyError(f'{original_msg} Add the effect to the FlowSystem first.') from None
 
-    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Effect]:
-        return iter(self._effects.values())
-
-    def __len__(self) -> int:
-        return len(self._effects)
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        return iter(self.keys())  # Iterate over keys like a normal dict
 
     def __contains__(self, item: str | Effect) -> bool:
         """Check if the effect exists. Checks for label or object"""
         if isinstance(item, str):
-            return item in self.effects  # Check if the label exists
+            return super().__contains__(item)  # Check if the label exists
         elif isinstance(item, Effect):
-            if item.label_full in self.effects:
-                return True
-            if item in self.effects.values():  # Check if the object exists
-                return True
+            return item.label_full in self and self[item.label_full] is item
         return False
 
-    @property
-    def effects(self) -> dict[str, Effect]:
-        return self._effects
-
     @property
     def standard_effect(self) -> Effect:
         if self._standard_effect is None:
@@ -611,7 +607,7 @@ class EffectCollection:
         dict[tuple[str, str], xr.DataArray],
     ]:
         shares_periodic = {}
-        for name, effect in self.effects.items():
+        for name, effect in self.items():
             if effect.share_from_periodic:
                 for source, data in effect.share_from_periodic.items():
                     if source not in shares_periodic:
@@ -620,7 +616,7 @@ class EffectCollection:
         shares_periodic = calculate_all_conversion_paths(shares_periodic)
 
         shares_temporal = {}
-        for name, effect in self.effects.items():
+        for name, effect in self.items():
             if effect.share_from_temporal:
                 for source, data in effect.share_from_temporal.items():
                     if source not in shares_temporal:
@@ -670,7 +666,7 @@ class EffectCollectionModel(Submodel):
 
     def _do_modeling(self):
         super()._do_modeling()
-        for effect in self.effects:
+        for effect in self.effects.values():
             effect.create_model(self._model)
         self.penalty = self.add_submodels(
             ShareAllocationModel(self._model, dims=(), label_of_element='Penalty'),
@@ -684,7 +680,7 @@ class EffectCollectionModel(Submodel):
         )
 
     def _add_share_between_effects(self):
-        for target_effect in self.effects:
+        for target_effect in self.effects.values():
             # 1. temporal: <- receiving temporal shares from other effects
             for source_effect, time_series in target_effect.share_from_temporal.items():
                 target_effect.submodel.temporal.add_share(

{flixopt-3.2.1 → flixopt-3.3.1}/flixopt/elements.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 import numpy as np
 import xarray as xr
 
+from . import io as fx_io
 from .config import CONFIG
 from .core import PlausibilityError, Scalar, TemporalData, TemporalDataUser
 from .features import InvestmentModel, OnOffModel
@@ -86,10 +87,12 @@ class Component(Element):
         super().__init__(label, meta_data=meta_data)
         self.inputs: list[Flow] = inputs or []
         self.outputs: list[Flow] = outputs or []
-        self._check_unique_flow_labels()
         self.on_off_parameters = on_off_parameters
         self.prevent_simultaneous_flows: list[Flow] = prevent_simultaneous_flows or []
 
+        self._check_unique_flow_labels()
+        self._connect_flows()
+
         self.flows: dict[str, Flow] = {flow.label: flow for flow in self.inputs + self.outputs}
 
     def create_model(self, model: FlowSystemModel) -> ComponentModel:
@@ -115,6 +118,48 @@ class Component(Element):
     def _plausibility_checks(self) -> None:
         self._check_unique_flow_labels()
 
+    def _connect_flows(self):
+        # Inputs
+        for flow in self.inputs:
+            if flow.component not in ('UnknownComponent', self.label_full):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f'Flow "{flow.label}" already assigned to component "{flow.component}". '
+                    f'Cannot attach to "{self.label_full}".'
+                )
+            flow.component = self.label_full
+            flow.is_input_in_component = True
+        # Outputs
+        for flow in self.outputs:
+            if flow.component not in ('UnknownComponent', self.label_full):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f'Flow "{flow.label}" already assigned to component "{flow.component}". '
+                    f'Cannot attach to "{self.label_full}".'
+                )
+            flow.component = self.label_full
+            flow.is_input_in_component = False
+
+        # Validate prevent_simultaneous_flows: only allow local flows
+        if self.prevent_simultaneous_flows:
+            # Deduplicate while preserving order
+            seen = set()
+            self.prevent_simultaneous_flows = [
+                f for f in self.prevent_simultaneous_flows if id(f) not in seen and not seen.add(id(f))
+            ]
+            local = set(self.inputs + self.outputs)
+            foreign = [f for f in self.prevent_simultaneous_flows if f not in local]
+            if foreign:
+                names = ', '.join(f.label_full for f in foreign)
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f'prevent_simultaneous_flows for "{self.label_full}" must reference its own flows. '
+                    f'Foreign flows detected: {names}'
+                )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """Return string representation with flow information."""
+        return fx_io.build_repr_from_init(
+            self, excluded_params={'self', 'label', 'inputs', 'outputs', 'kwargs'}, skip_default_size=True
+        ) + fx_io.format_flow_details(self)
+
 
 @register_class_for_io
 class Bus(Element):
@@ -216,6 +261,10 @@ class Bus(Element):
     def with_excess(self) -> bool:
         return False if self.excess_penalty_per_flow_hour is None else True
 
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """Return string representation."""
+        return super().__repr__() + fx_io.format_flow_details(self)
+
 
 @register_class_for_io
 class Connection:
@@ -493,6 +542,10 @@ class Flow(Element):
         # Wenn kein InvestParameters existiert --> True; Wenn Investparameter, den Wert davon nehmen
         return False if (isinstance(self.size, InvestParameters) and self.size.fixed_size is None) else True
 
+    def _format_invest_params(self, params: InvestParameters) -> str:
+        """Format InvestParameters for display."""
+        return f'size: {params.format_for_repr()}'
+
 
 class FlowModel(ElementModel):
     element: Flow  # Type hint