bytepft 0.1.0__tar.gz

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Files changed (84) hide show
  1. bytepft-0.1.0/.github/workflows/ci.yml +27 -0
  2. bytepft-0.1.0/.github/workflows/publish.yml +76 -0
  3. bytepft-0.1.0/.gitignore +10 -0
  4. bytepft-0.1.0/CHANGELOG.md +43 -0
  5. bytepft-0.1.0/CONTRIBUTING.md +84 -0
  6. bytepft-0.1.0/LICENSE +201 -0
  7. bytepft-0.1.0/NOTICE +8 -0
  8. bytepft-0.1.0/PKG-INFO +119 -0
  9. bytepft-0.1.0/README.md +92 -0
  10. bytepft-0.1.0/STATUS.md +109 -0
  11. bytepft-0.1.0/configs/qwen3_06b.yaml +40 -0
  12. bytepft-0.1.0/configs/tiny_smoke.yaml +33 -0
  13. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/architecture.md +120 -0
  14. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/mps.md +51 -0
  15. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/releases.md +62 -0
  16. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/research.md +138 -0
  17. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/results/ci_validation.json +23 -0
  18. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/results/local_validation.json +36 -0
  19. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/results/mps_validation.json +42 -0
  20. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/results/qwen_cpu_smoke.json +40 -0
  21. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/results/qwen_mps_smoke.json +42 -0
  22. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/results/tiny_cpu_example.json +133 -0
  23. bytepft-0.1.0/docs/training.md +205 -0
  24. bytepft-0.1.0/examples/byte_tokenizer.py +25 -0
  25. bytepft-0.1.0/examples/compare_models.py +71 -0
  26. bytepft-0.1.0/examples/qwen_cpu_smoke.py +173 -0
  27. bytepft-0.1.0/examples/retrofit_qwen.py +60 -0
  28. bytepft-0.1.0/examples/train_tiny_model.py +102 -0
  29. bytepft-0.1.0/pyproject.toml +55 -0
  30. bytepft-0.1.0/scripts/prepare_release.py +40 -0
  31. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/__init__.py +18 -0
  32. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/_version.py +8 -0
  33. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/adapters/__init__.py +12 -0
  34. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/adapters/base.py +40 -0
  35. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/adapters/qwen.py +291 -0
  36. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/api.py +164 -0
  37. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/cli.py +176 -0
  38. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/config.py +149 -0
  39. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/evaluation/__init__.py +6 -0
  40. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/evaluation/benchmarks.py +65 -0
  41. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/evaluation/metrics.py +70 -0
  42. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/exceptions.py +21 -0
  43. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/inference/__init__.py +6 -0
  44. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/inference/cache.py +24 -0
  45. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/inference/generation.py +259 -0
  46. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/__init__.py +1 -0
  47. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/boundaries.py +162 -0
  48. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/byte_model.py +164 -0
  49. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/decoder.py +35 -0
  50. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/depooling.py +37 -0
  51. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/embeddings.py +42 -0
  52. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/encoder.py +27 -0
  53. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/heads.py +15 -0
  54. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/models/pooling.py +108 -0
  55. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/py.typed +0 -0
  56. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/serialization.py +102 -0
  57. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/tokenization/__init__.py +5 -0
  58. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/tokenization/byte_tokenizer.py +206 -0
  59. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/training/__init__.py +1 -0
  60. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/training/datasets.py +196 -0
  61. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/training/distillation.py +135 -0
  62. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/training/losses.py +116 -0
  63. bytepft-0.1.0/src/bytepft/training/trainer.py +446 -0
  64. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_adapters.py +137 -0
  65. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_api_cli.py +162 -0
  66. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_boundaries.py +95 -0
  67. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_config.py +101 -0
  68. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_datasets.py +114 -0
  69. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_distillation.py +72 -0
  70. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_generation.py +188 -0
  71. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_gradients.py +80 -0
  72. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_losses.py +87 -0
  73. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_model.py +153 -0
  74. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_mps.py +171 -0
  75. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_pooling.py +91 -0
  76. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_precision.py +142 -0
  77. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_qwen_integration.py +28 -0
  78. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_release.py +75 -0
  79. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_review_regressions.py +88 -0
  80. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_serialization.py +118 -0
  81. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_tokenizer.py +95 -0
  82. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_training.py +218 -0
  83. bytepft-0.1.0/tests/test_training_controls.py +104 -0
  84. bytepft-0.1.0/uv.lock +2812 -0
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
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+ name: CI
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+
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+ on:
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+ push:
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+ branches: [main]
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+ pull_request:
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+
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+ permissions:
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+ contents: read
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+
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+ jobs:
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+ test:
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+ # macOS wheels keep the CPU test install free of CUDA runtime dependencies.
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+ runs-on: macos-15
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+ timeout-minutes: 10
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+ env:
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+ UV_PYTHON: "3.13"
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+ HF_HUB_OFFLINE: "1"
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+ OMP_NUM_THREADS: "2"
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+ steps:
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+ - uses: actions/checkout@v7
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+ - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
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+ with:
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+ python-version: "3.13"
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+ - run: uv sync --frozen
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+ - run: uv run --frozen pytest
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+ - run: uv run --frozen ruff check .
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+ name: Publish to PyPI
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+
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+ on:
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+ release:
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+ types: [published]
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+ workflow_dispatch:
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+ inputs:
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+ tag:
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+ description: Version to build without publishing (for example, v0.1.0)
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+ required: true
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+ default: v0.1.0
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+ type: string
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+
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+ permissions:
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+ contents: read
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+
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+ concurrency:
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+ group: pypi-${{ github.event.release.tag_name || inputs.tag }}
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+ cancel-in-progress: false
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+
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+ jobs:
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+ build:
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+ runs-on: macos-15
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+ timeout-minutes: 15
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+ env:
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+ RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name || inputs.tag }}
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+ UV_PYTHON: "3.13"
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+ HF_HUB_OFFLINE: "1"
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+ OMP_NUM_THREADS: "2"
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+ steps:
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+ - uses: actions/checkout@v7
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+ with:
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+ persist-credentials: false
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+ - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
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+ with:
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+ python-version: "3.13"
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+ - run: uv sync --frozen
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+ - name: Set package version from release tag
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+ id: prepare
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+ run: uv run --frozen python scripts/prepare_release.py
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+ - run: uv sync --frozen
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+ - name: Verify installed version
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+ env:
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+ EXPECTED_VERSION: ${{ steps.prepare.outputs.version }}
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+ run: |
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+ uv run --frozen python - <<'PY'
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+ import os
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+ from importlib.metadata import version
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+ from bytepft import __version__
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+ assert version("bytepft") == __version__ == os.environ["EXPECTED_VERSION"]
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+ PY
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+ - run: uv run --frozen pytest
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+ - run: uv build --no-sources
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+ - run: uvx twine check dist/*
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+ - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
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+ with:
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+ name: release-distributions
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+ path: dist/*
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+ if-no-files-found: error
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+
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+ publish:
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+ if: github.event_name == 'release'
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+ needs: build
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+ runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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+ environment:
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+ name: pypi
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+ url: https://pypi.org/project/bytepft/
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+ permissions:
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+ id-token: write
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+ steps:
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+ - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
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+ with:
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+ name: release-distributions
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+ path: dist/
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+ - name: Publish with PyPI Trusted Publishing
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+ uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
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+ .venv/
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+ __pycache__/
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+ *.py[cod]
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+ .pytest_cache/
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+ .ruff_cache/
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+ .mypy_cache/
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+ dist/
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+ outputs/
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+ *.egg-info/
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+ .DS_Store
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+ # Changelog
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+
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+ ## 0.1.0 — 2026-11-06
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+
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+ Initial experimental release of the BytePFT Python library.
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+
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+ ### Added
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+
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+ - Fixed UTF-8 byte vocabulary with separate controls, raw-byte support, batching,
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+ tokenizer persistence and incremental text decoding.
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+ - Causal GRU byte encoder/decoder, fixed/learned/oracle patching, last/mean
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+ pooling, causal depooling and a trainable byte/control prediction head.
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+ - Dense Qwen3 adapter using Hugging Face transformer layers, explicit
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+ configuration checks, frozen/global training control and native KV caches.
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+ - Offline tiny reference workflow and a real 0.6B base-checkpoint CPU smoke test.
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+ - Diagnostic and source-aligned Stage 1 objectives; explicit optional Stage 2;
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+ validation, gradient accumulation/clipping, learning-rate scheduling, early
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+ stopping and resumable stage checkpoints.
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+ - Greedy and sampled byte generation with cached and uncached reference paths.
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+ - Safetensors model persistence, offline loading and training-state checkpoints.
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+ - Byte-normalized evaluation, measured generation benchmarking, CLI commands,
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+ examples, CPU tests and release tooling.
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+
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+ ### Validation scope
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+
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+ CPU tests demonstrate tiny-corpus loss reduction, frozen/unfrozen parameter
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+ behavior, aligned scalar event losses, deterministic resumption and persistence.
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+ The real pretrained base checkpoint passes one local gradient update and an exact
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+ save/load logit comparison. That smoke experiment is **not full adaptation** and
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+ does not establish retained source-model quality.
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+
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+ ### Known limitations
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+
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+ - The reference GRU, causal boundary and separate-head architecture differs from
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+ the cited Nature method; exact mLSTM/fused-boundary support is not implemented.
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+ - Full pretrained adaptation, downstream task quality and matched source-model
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+ performance comparisons have not been executed.
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+ - MPS fp32 passed bounded training/inference and real pretrained integration
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+ checks on an M3 Pro. CUDA and MPS mixed precision remain unvalidated. CPU is the default.
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+ - Inference supports a single generation stream; batched generation and
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+ distributed training are not implemented.
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+ - Source embedding/output matrices are retained in checkpoints for Stage 1;
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+ inference does not use the source tokenizer.
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+ # Contributing to BytePFT
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+
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+ BytePFT prioritizes a small, understandable and verifiable byte-model workflow.
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+ Contributions should preserve causal alignment, document boundaries and the
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+ distinction between reference baselines and research reproductions.
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+
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+ ## Development setup
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+
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+ Use Python 3.11+ and `uv`:
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+
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+ ```sh
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+ uv sync
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+ uv run pytest
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+ uv run ruff check .
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+ uv run mypy
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+ uv build
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+ ```
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+
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+ The ordinary suite is CPU compatible and must not download pretrained weights.
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+ Use `uv sync --extra training` when working on the optional Hugging Face dataset
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+ integration. Tests use tiny randomly initialized Qwen3 configurations to exercise
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+ the real Hugging Face transformer implementation.
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+
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+ Defaults use CPU. Do not introduce automatic GPU execution into tests or
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+ examples. CUDA/MPS tests and pretrained-weight downloads must be explicit opt-ins
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+ and describe their hardware and download requirements. A contributor must choose
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+ to run those experiments; CI should remain usable without them.
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+
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+ ## Making a change
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+
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+ Keep changes focused, match the surrounding style and add tests for observable
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+ behavior. Test the failure path when adding validation or serialization code.
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+ For neural components, cover shapes, masks, finite gradients and relevant causal
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+ invariants. Changing future bytes must not change predictions for earlier bytes.
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+ Patch construction must account for every valid byte once, in order.
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+
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+ For training changes, check that Stage 1 leaves global parameters unchanged and
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+ that optional Stage 2 unfreezing updates them. Resume tests should compare the
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+ same training configuration and data against a continuous run, including optimizer,
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+ scheduler, random sampling state and history. For inference changes, compare
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+ cached logits or greedy bytes against the uncached reference implementation.
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+
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+ Run the tests appropriate to the change, then the ordinary suite and tooling
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+ before proposing a release. Report the commands actually run and any unavailable
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+ validation. Avoid claiming that a successful forward pass, random-weight test or
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+ single gradient step proves model quality.
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+
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+ ## Research and API changes
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+
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+ Read the relevant methods and upstream implementation before adding a derived
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+ architecture or objective. Record the paper section, source revision, deviations
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+ and validation in [docs/research.md](docs/research.md). Preserve applicable licenses
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+ when incorporating third-party code. Original additions use Apache-2.0.
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+
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+ Compare teacher and student distributions only when their events and axes are
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+ mathematically aligned. Source-token logits and byte logits cannot be directly
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+ KL-diverged. Document byte offsets, BOS/EOS treatment and the prediction shift
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+ when adding an alignment method.
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+
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+ Do not expose an unfinished adapter or command as supported. Add model-family
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+ compatibility checks rather than relying on coincidentally similar module paths.
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+ The current exact-paper mLSTM and fused-boundary architecture remain unsupported.
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+
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+ ## Reporting an issue
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+
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+ Include a minimal example, Python/PyTorch/Transformers versions, device and dtype,
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+ configuration, traceback and whether the model is random, source pretrained or a
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+ trained BytePFT checkpoint. For resume issues, include the checkpoint stage/step
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+ and whether the config or documents changed. Never include credentials or private
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+ training data in a public report.
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+
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+ ## Release checklist
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+
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+ 1. Update [CHANGELOG.md](CHANGELOG.md) and choose a release tag such as `v0.1.0`.
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+ 2. Run the ordinary CPU suite, Ruff, mypy and `uv build`.
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+ 3. Inspect wheel/sdist contents and install the wheel into a clean environment.
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+ 4. Review [STATUS.md](STATUS.md), examples and measured results for accurate claims.
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+ 5. Complete the one-time [PyPI setup](docs/releases.md), then publish a GitHub
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+ release from the tested commit. The release tag sets the package version and
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+ triggers publication automatically. A manual workflow dispatch builds and
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+ tests a candidate without publishing. Ordinary pushes and pull requests do
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+ not publish packages.
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+
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+ Do not add fabricated authorship or automatic co-author trailers to commits.
bytepft-0.1.0/LICENSE ADDED
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+ Apache License
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bytepft-0.1.0/NOTICE ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
1
+ BytePFT
2
+ Copyright 2026 BytePFT contributors
3
+
4
+ Original BytePFT code is licensed under Apache-2.0.
5
+ Research attribution: Minixhofer et al., Retrofitting language models to operate over bytes,
6
+ Nature (2026), https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-11111-4
7
+ BytePFT is an independent reference implementation of the cited research.
8
+ Qwen model weights and Hugging Face dependencies retain their respective licenses.
bytepft-0.1.0/PKG-INFO ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
1
+ Metadata-Version: 2.5
2
+ Name: bytepft
3
+ Version: 0.1.0
4
+ Summary: Retrofitting language models, one byte at a time.
5
+ Project-URL: Repository, https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft
6
+ Project-URL: Issues, https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/issues
7
+ Project-URL: Documentation, https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/tree/main/docs
8
+ Author: BytePFT contributors
9
+ License-Expression: Apache-2.0
10
+ License-File: LICENSE
11
+ License-File: NOTICE
12
+ Keywords: distillation,language-model,pytorch,utf-8
13
+ Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
14
+ Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
15
+ Classifier: Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Artificial Intelligence
16
+ Requires-Python: >=3.11
17
+ Requires-Dist: pyyaml>=6
18
+ Requires-Dist: safetensors>=0.5
19
+ Requires-Dist: torch<3,>=2.6
20
+ Requires-Dist: transformers<5,>=4.57.6
21
+ Provides-Extra: benchmark
22
+ Requires-Dist: psutil>=6; extra == 'benchmark'
23
+ Provides-Extra: training
24
+ Requires-Dist: accelerate>=1; extra == 'training'
25
+ Requires-Dist: datasets>=3; extra == 'training'
26
+ Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
27
+
28
+ # BytePFT
29
+
30
+ [![CI](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
31
+ [![Python](https://img.shields.io/badge/python-3.11%2B-blue)](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
32
+ [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache--2.0-blue)](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/LICENSE)
33
+
34
+ **Retrofitting language models, one byte at a time.**
35
+
36
+ BytePFT is a Python library for adapting pretrained Qwen3 language models to
37
+ UTF-8 bytes. It trains a byte-level encoder and decoder around the existing
38
+ transformer, with patch-based processing and cached byte generation.
39
+
40
+ BytePFT is experimental. The reference implementation is tested on CPU and Apple
41
+ MPS in fp32; full pretrained adaptation and retained language quality have not yet
42
+ been evaluated. See [project status](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/STATUS.md) for results and limitations.
43
+
44
+ ## Installation
45
+
46
+ Requires Python 3.11+.
47
+
48
+ ```sh
49
+ pip install bytepft
50
+ ```
51
+
52
+ Or install from source:
53
+
54
+ ```sh
55
+ pip install git+https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft.git
56
+ ```
57
+
58
+ ## Quickstart
59
+
60
+ Train a tiny model locally, without downloading pretrained weights:
61
+
62
+ ```python
63
+ from bytepft import BytePFT, BytePFTConfig
64
+
65
+ model = BytePFT.from_tiny(
66
+ config=BytePFTConfig(hidden_size=32, encoder_layers=1, decoder_layers=1),
67
+ device="cpu",
68
+ )
69
+ model.retrofit(
70
+ ["hello byte world\n"] * 4,
71
+ stage1_steps=100,
72
+ learning_rate=0.01,
73
+ validation_fraction=0,
74
+ output_dir="outputs/tiny",
75
+ )
76
+
77
+ model = BytePFT.load("outputs/tiny")
78
+ print(model.generate("hello", max_new_bytes=32, temperature=0))
79
+ ```
80
+
81
+ This example uses a randomly initialized tiny transformer. To adapt pretrained
82
+ weights, use `BytePFT.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B-Base")` and follow the
83
+ [training guide](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/training.md). Adaptation must complete before generation.
84
+
85
+ ## Features
86
+
87
+ - UTF-8 byte encoding with separate padding, beginning and end symbols.
88
+ - Fixed, oracle and learned patch boundaries.
89
+ - Frozen-backbone Stage 1 and optional end-to-end Stage 2 training.
90
+ - Resumable checkpoints, validation and bits-per-byte evaluation.
91
+ - Greedy and sampled generation with local state and global KV caching.
92
+
93
+ Defaults use CPU. Select `device="mps"` explicitly for Apple GPU execution;
94
+ [MPS validation](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/mps.md) currently covers fp32. CUDA remains unvalidated.
95
+
96
+ ## Command line
97
+
98
+ ```sh
99
+ bytepft train-tiny --output outputs/tiny --device cpu
100
+ bytepft generate --model outputs/tiny --prompt "hello" --max-new-bytes 32
101
+ bytepft inspect Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B-Base
102
+ ```
103
+
104
+ Run `bytepft --help` for all commands.
105
+
106
+ ## Documentation
107
+
108
+ - [Training and checkpoints](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/training.md)
109
+ - [Architecture](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/architecture.md)
110
+ - [Research notes](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/research.md)
111
+ - [Examples](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/tree/main/examples)
112
+ - [Contributing](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) · [Releases](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/releases.md) · [Changelog](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
113
+
114
+ Inspired by [*Retrofitting language models to operate over bytes*, Nature (2026)](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-11111-4).
115
+ BytePFT uses a simplified reference architecture; the research notes document its deviations.
116
+
117
+ ## License
118
+
119
+ [Apache-2.0](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/LICENSE). See [NOTICE](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/NOTICE) for attribution.
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
1
+ # BytePFT
2
+
3
+ [![CI](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
4
+ [![Python](https://img.shields.io/badge/python-3.11%2B-blue)](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
5
+ [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache--2.0-blue)](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/LICENSE)
6
+
7
+ **Retrofitting language models, one byte at a time.**
8
+
9
+ BytePFT is a Python library for adapting pretrained Qwen3 language models to
10
+ UTF-8 bytes. It trains a byte-level encoder and decoder around the existing
11
+ transformer, with patch-based processing and cached byte generation.
12
+
13
+ BytePFT is experimental. The reference implementation is tested on CPU and Apple
14
+ MPS in fp32; full pretrained adaptation and retained language quality have not yet
15
+ been evaluated. See [project status](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/STATUS.md) for results and limitations.
16
+
17
+ ## Installation
18
+
19
+ Requires Python 3.11+.
20
+
21
+ ```sh
22
+ pip install bytepft
23
+ ```
24
+
25
+ Or install from source:
26
+
27
+ ```sh
28
+ pip install git+https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft.git
29
+ ```
30
+
31
+ ## Quickstart
32
+
33
+ Train a tiny model locally, without downloading pretrained weights:
34
+
35
+ ```python
36
+ from bytepft import BytePFT, BytePFTConfig
37
+
38
+ model = BytePFT.from_tiny(
39
+ config=BytePFTConfig(hidden_size=32, encoder_layers=1, decoder_layers=1),
40
+ device="cpu",
41
+ )
42
+ model.retrofit(
43
+ ["hello byte world\n"] * 4,
44
+ stage1_steps=100,
45
+ learning_rate=0.01,
46
+ validation_fraction=0,
47
+ output_dir="outputs/tiny",
48
+ )
49
+
50
+ model = BytePFT.load("outputs/tiny")
51
+ print(model.generate("hello", max_new_bytes=32, temperature=0))
52
+ ```
53
+
54
+ This example uses a randomly initialized tiny transformer. To adapt pretrained
55
+ weights, use `BytePFT.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B-Base")` and follow the
56
+ [training guide](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/training.md). Adaptation must complete before generation.
57
+
58
+ ## Features
59
+
60
+ - UTF-8 byte encoding with separate padding, beginning and end symbols.
61
+ - Fixed, oracle and learned patch boundaries.
62
+ - Frozen-backbone Stage 1 and optional end-to-end Stage 2 training.
63
+ - Resumable checkpoints, validation and bits-per-byte evaluation.
64
+ - Greedy and sampled generation with local state and global KV caching.
65
+
66
+ Defaults use CPU. Select `device="mps"` explicitly for Apple GPU execution;
67
+ [MPS validation](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/mps.md) currently covers fp32. CUDA remains unvalidated.
68
+
69
+ ## Command line
70
+
71
+ ```sh
72
+ bytepft train-tiny --output outputs/tiny --device cpu
73
+ bytepft generate --model outputs/tiny --prompt "hello" --max-new-bytes 32
74
+ bytepft inspect Qwen/Qwen3-0.6B-Base
75
+ ```
76
+
77
+ Run `bytepft --help` for all commands.
78
+
79
+ ## Documentation
80
+
81
+ - [Training and checkpoints](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/training.md)
82
+ - [Architecture](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/architecture.md)
83
+ - [Research notes](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/research.md)
84
+ - [Examples](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/tree/main/examples)
85
+ - [Contributing](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) · [Releases](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/docs/releases.md) · [Changelog](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
86
+
87
+ Inspired by [*Retrofitting language models to operate over bytes*, Nature (2026)](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-11111-4).
88
+ BytePFT uses a simplified reference architecture; the research notes document its deviations.
89
+
90
+ ## License
91
+
92
+ [Apache-2.0](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/LICENSE). See [NOTICE](https://github.com/skundu42/bytepft/blob/main/NOTICE) for attribution.