BESS-JPL 1.6.0__tar.gz

bess_jpl-1.6.0/.github/workflows/ci.yml

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+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ["3.10"]
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3  # This is already the latest version
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v4  # This is also the latest version
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          pip install .[dev]  # Use dev to install pytest
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          pytest

bess_jpl-1.6.0/.github/workflows/python-publish.yml

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+# This workflow will upload a Python Package using Twine when a release is created
+# For more information see: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/automating-builds-and-tests/building-and-testing-python#publishing-to-package-registries
+
+# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub.
+# They are provided by a third-party and are governed by
+# separate terms of service, privacy policy, and support
+# documentation.
+
+name: Upload Python Package
+
+on:
+  release:
+    types: [published]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - name: Set up Python
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v3
+      with:
+        python-version: '3.x'
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      run: |
+        python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+        pip install build
+    - name: Build package
+      run: python -m build
+    - name: Publish package
+      uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@27b31702a0e7fc50959f5ad993c78deac1bdfc29
+      with:
+        user: __token__
+        password: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_TOKEN }}

bess_jpl-1.6.0/.gitignore

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+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+
+# C extensions
+*.so
+
+# Distribution / packaging
+.Python
+build/
+develop-eggs/
+dist/
+downloads/
+eggs/
+.eggs/
+lib/
+lib64/
+parts/
+sdist/
+var/
+wheels/
+share/python-wheels/
+*.egg-info/
+.installed.cfg
+*.egg
+MANIFEST
+
+# PyInstaller
+#  Usually these files are written by a python script from a template
+#  before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it.
+*.manifest
+*.spec
+
+# Installer logs
+pip-log.txt
+pip-delete-this-directory.txt
+
+# Unit test / coverage reports
+htmlcov/
+.tox/
+.nox/
+.coverage
+.coverage.*
+.cache
+nosetests.xml
+coverage.xml
+*.cover
+*.py,cover
+.hypothesis/
+.pytest_cache/
+cover/
+
+# Translations
+*.mo
+*.pot
+
+# Django stuff:
+*.log
+local_settings.py
+db.sqlite3
+db.sqlite3-journal
+
+# Flask stuff:
+instance/
+.webassets-cache
+
+# Scrapy stuff:
+.scrapy
+
+# Sphinx documentation
+docs/_build/
+
+# PyBuilder
+.pybuilder/
+target/
+
+# Jupyter Notebook
+.ipynb_checkpoints
+
+# IPython
+profile_default/
+ipython_config.py
+
+# pyenv
+#   For a library or package, you might want to ignore these files since the code is
+#   intended to run in multiple environments; otherwise, check them in:
+# .python-version
+
+# pipenv
+#   According to pypa/pipenv#598, it is recommended to include Pipfile.lock in version control.
+#   However, in case of collaboration, if having platform-specific dependencies or dependencies
+#   having no cross-platform support, pipenv may install dependencies that don't work, or not
+#   install all needed dependencies.
+#Pipfile.lock
+
+# poetry
+#   Similar to Pipfile.lock, it is generally recommended to include poetry.lock in version control.
+#   This is especially recommended for binary packages to ensure reproducibility, and is more
+#   commonly ignored for libraries.
+#   https://python-poetry.org/docs/basic-usage/#commit-your-poetrylock-file-to-version-control
+#poetry.lock
+
+# pdm
+#   Similar to Pipfile.lock, it is generally recommended to include pdm.lock in version control.
+#pdm.lock
+#   pdm stores project-wide configurations in .pdm.toml, but it is recommended to not include it
+#   in version control.
+#   https://pdm.fming.dev/#use-with-ide
+.pdm.toml
+
+# PEP 582; used by e.g. github.com/David-OConnor/pyflow and github.com/pdm-project/pdm
+__pypackages__/
+
+# Celery stuff
+celerybeat-schedule
+celerybeat.pid
+
+# SageMath parsed files
+*.sage.py
+
+# Environments
+.env
+.venv
+env/
+venv/
+ENV/
+env.bak/
+venv.bak/
+
+# Spyder project settings
+.spyderproject
+.spyproject
+
+# Rope project settings
+.ropeproject
+
+# mkdocs documentation
+/site
+
+# mypy
+.mypy_cache/
+.dmypy.json
+dmypy.json
+
+# Pyre type checker
+.pyre/
+
+# pytype static type analyzer
+.pytype/
+
+# Cython debug symbols
+cython_debug/
+
+# PyCharm
+#  JetBrains specific template is maintained in a separate JetBrains.gitignore that can
+#  be found at https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/main/Global/JetBrains.gitignore
+#  and can be added to the global gitignore or merged into this file.  For a more nuclear
+#  option (not recommended) you can uncomment the following to ignore the entire idea folder.
+.idea/
+
+.DS_Store

bess_jpl-1.6.0/BESS_JPL/BESS.py

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+from typing import Union
+from datetime import datetime
+import logging
+import numpy as np
+
+import rasters as rt
+from rasters import Raster, RasterGeometry
+
+from check_distribution import check_distribution
+
+from sun_angles import calculate_SZA_from_DOY_and_hour
+
+from koppengeiger import load_koppen_geiger
+from gedi_canopy_height import load_canopy_height
+from FLiESANN import FLiESANN
+from GEOS5FP import GEOS5FP
+from MODISCI import MODISCI
+
+from .constants import *
+from .vegetation_conversion import LAI_from_NDVI
+from .canopy_shortwave_radiation import canopy_shortwave_radiation
+from .carbon_water_fluxes import carbon_water_fluxes
+from .meteorology import meteorology, SVP_Pa_from_Ta_K
+from .interpolate_C3_C4 import interpolate_C3_C4
+from .calculate_VCmax import calculate_VCmax
+from .load_NDVI_minimum import load_NDVI_minimum
+from .load_NDVI_maximum import load_NDVI_maximum
+from .load_C4_fraction import load_C4_fraction
+from .load_carbon_uptake_efficiency import load_carbon_uptake_efficiency
+from .load_kn import load_kn
+from .load_peakVCmax_C3 import load_peakVCmax_C3
+from .load_peakVCmax_C4 import load_peakVCmax_C4
+from .load_ball_berry_intercept_C3 import load_ball_berry_intercept_C3
+from .load_ball_berry_slope_C3 import load_ball_berry_slope_C3
+from .load_ball_berry_slope_C4 import load_ball_berry_slope_C4
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+def BESS(
+        ST_C: Union[Raster, np.ndarray],  # surface temperature in Celsius
+        NDVI: Union[Raster, np.ndarray],  # NDVI
+        albedo: Union[Raster, np.ndarray],  # surface albedo
+        elevation_km: Union[Raster, np.ndarray],  # elevation in kilometers
+        geometry: RasterGeometry = None,
+        time_UTC: datetime = None,
+        hour_of_day: np.ndarray = None,
+        day_of_year: np.ndarray = None,
+        GEOS5FP_connection: GEOS5FP = None,
+        Ta_C: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # air temperature in Celsius
+        RH: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # relative humidity as a proportion
+        NDVI_minimum: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # minimum NDVI
+        NDVI_maximum: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # maximum NDVI
+        Rg: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # incoming shortwave radiation in W/m^2
+        VISdiff: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # diffuse visible radiation in W/m^2
+        VISdir: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # direct visible radiation in W/m^2
+        NIRdiff: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # diffuse near-infrared radiation in W/m^2
+        NIRdir: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # direct near-infrared radiation in W/m^2
+        UV: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # incoming ultraviolet radiation in W/m^2
+        albedo_visible: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None, # surface albedo in visible wavelengths (initialized to surface albedo if left as None)
+        albedo_NIR: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None, # surface albedo in near-infrared wavelengths (initialized to surface albedo if left as None)
+        COT: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # cloud optical thickness
+        AOT: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # aerosol optical thickness
+        vapor_gccm: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # water vapor in g/ccm
+        ozone_cm: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # ozone in cm
+        KG_climate: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # KG climate
+        canopy_height_meters: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # canopy height in meters
+        Ca: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # atmospheric CO2 concentration in ppm
+        wind_speed_mps: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # wind speed in meters per second
+        SZA: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # solar zenith angle in degrees
+        canopy_temperature_C: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None, # canopy temperature in Celsius (initialized to surface temperature if left as None)
+        soil_temperature_C: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None, # soil temperature in Celsius (initialized to surface temperature if left as None)
+        C4_fraction: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # fraction of C4 plants
+        carbon_uptake_efficiency: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,  # intrinsic quantum efficiency for carbon uptake
+        kn: np.ndarray = None,
+        ball_berry_intercept_C3: np.ndarray = None,  # Ball-Berry intercept for C3 plants
+        ball_berry_intercept_C4: Union[np.ndarray, float] = BALL_BERRY_INTERCEPT_C4, # Ball-Berry intercept for C4 plants
+        ball_berry_slope_C3: np.ndarray = None,  # Ball-Berry slope for C3 plants
+        ball_berry_slope_C4: np.ndarray = None,  # Ball-Berry slope for C4 plants
+        peakVCmax_C3: np.ndarray = None,  # peak maximum carboxylation rate for C3 plants
+        peakVCmax_C4: np.ndarray = None,  # peak maximum carboxylation rate for C4 plants
+        CI: Union[Raster, np.ndarray] = None,
+        resampling: str = RESAMPLING):  # clumping index
+    if geometry is None and isinstance(ST_C, Raster):
+        geometry = ST_C.geometry
+
+    if (day_of_year is None or hour_of_day is None) and time_UTC is not None and geometry is not None:
+        day_of_year = solar_day_of_year_for_area(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry)
+        hour_of_day = solar_hour_of_day_for_area(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry)
+
+    if time_UTC is None and day_of_year is None and hour_of_day is None:
+        raise ValueError("no time given between time_UTC, day_of_year, and hour_of_day")
+
+    # load air temperature in Celsius if not provided
+    if Ta_C is None:
+        Ta_C = GEOS5FP_connection.Ta_C(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load relative humidity if not provided
+    if RH is None:
+        RH = GEOS5FP_connection.RH(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load minimum NDVI if not provided
+    if NDVI_minimum is None and geometry is not None:
+        NDVI_minimum = load_NDVI_minimum(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load maximum NDVI if not provided
+    if NDVI_maximum is None and geometry is not None:
+        NDVI_maximum = load_NDVI_maximum(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load C4 fraction if not provided
+    if C4_fraction is None:
+        C4_fraction = load_C4_fraction(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load carbon uptake efficiency if not provided
+    if carbon_uptake_efficiency is None:
+        carbon_uptake_efficiency = load_carbon_uptake_efficiency(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+    
+    # load kn if not provided
+    if kn is None:
+        kn = load_kn(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load peak VC max for C3 plants if not provided
+    if peakVCmax_C3 is None:
+        peakVCmax_C3 = load_peakVCmax_C3(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load peak VC max for C4 plants if not provided
+    if peakVCmax_C4 is None:
+        peakVCmax_C4 = load_peakVCmax_C4(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load Ball-Berry slope for C3 plants if not provided
+    if ball_berry_slope_C3 is None:
+        ball_berry_slope_C3 = load_ball_berry_slope_C3(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+    
+    # load Ball-Berry slope for C4 plants if not provided
+    if ball_berry_slope_C4 is None:
+        ball_berry_slope_C4 = load_ball_berry_slope_C4(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load Ball-Berry intercept for C3 plants if not provided
+    if ball_berry_intercept_C3 is None:
+        ball_berry_intercept_C3 = load_ball_berry_intercept_C3(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # check if any of the FLiES outputs are not given
+    if None in (Rg, VISdiff, VISdir, NIRdiff, NIRdir, UV, albedo_visible, albedo_NIR):
+        # load cloud optical thickness if not provided
+        if COT is None:
+            COT = GEOS5FP_connection.COT(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+        # load aerosol optical thickness if not provided
+        if AOT is None:
+            AOT = GEOS5FP_connection.AOT(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+        ## FIXME fix FLiES interface
+
+        # run FLiES radiative transfer model
+        FLiES_results = FLiESANN(
+            day_of_year=day_of_year,
+            hour_of_day=hour_of_day,
+            albedo=albedo,
+            COT=COT,
+            AOT=AOT,
+            vapor_gccm=vapor_gccm,
+            ozone_cm=ozone_cm,
+            elevation_km=elevation_km,
+            SZA=SZA,
+            KG_climate=KG_climate,
+            geometry=geometry,
+            GEOS5FP_connection=GEOS5FP_connection
+        )
+
+        # extract FLiES outputs
+        Rg = FLiES_results["Rg"]
+        VISdiff = FLiES_results["VISdiff"]
+        VISdir = FLiES_results["VISdir"]
+        NIRdiff = FLiES_results["NIRdiff"]
+        NIRdir = FLiES_results["NIRdir"]
+        UV = FLiES_results["UV"]
+        albedo_visible = FLiES_results["VIS"]
+        albedo_NIR = FLiES_results["NIR"]
+
+    # load koppen geiger climate classification if not provided
+    if KG_climate is None:
+        KG_climate = load_koppen_geiger(geometry=geometry)
+
+    # load canopy height in meters if not provided
+    if canopy_height_meters is None:
+        canopy_height_meters = load_canopy_height(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load CO2 concentration in ppm if not provided
+    if Ca is None:
+        Ca = GEOS5FP_connection.CO2SC(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # load wind speed in meters per second if not provided
+    if wind_speed_mps is None:
+        wind_speed_mps = GEOS5FP_connection.wind_speed(time_UTC=time_UTC, geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)    
+
+    # canopy temperature defaults to surface temperature
+    if canopy_temperature_C is None:
+        canopy_temperature_C = ST_C
+
+    # soil temperature defaults to surface temperature
+    if soil_temperature_C is None:
+        soil_temperature_C = ST_C
+
+    # visible albedo defaults to surface albedo
+    if albedo_visible is None:
+        albedo_visible = albedo
+
+    # near-infrared albedo defaults to surface albedo
+    if albedo_NIR is None:
+        albedo_NIR = albedo
+
+    # calculate solar zenith angle if not provided
+    if SZA is None:
+        SZA = calculate_SZA_from_DOY_and_hour(lat, lon, day_of_year, hour_of_day)
+
+    if CI is None and geometry is not None:
+        modisci = MODISCI()
+        CI = modisci.CI(geometry=geometry, resampling=resampling)
+
+    # canopy height defaults to zero
+    canopy_height_meters = np.where(np.isnan(canopy_height_meters), 0, canopy_height_meters)
+
+    # calculate saturation vapor pressure in Pascal from air temperature in Kelvin
+    Ta_K = Ta_C + 273.15
+    SVP_Pa = SVP_Pa_from_Ta_K(Ta_K)
+
+    # calculate actual vapor pressure in Pascal from relative humidity and saturation vapor pressure
+    Ea_Pa = RH * SVP_Pa
+
+    # convert elevation to meters
+    elevation_m = elevation_km * 1000
+
+    latitude = geometry.lat
+
+    Ps_Pa, VPD_Pa, RH, desTa, ddesTa, gamma, Cp, rhoa, epsa, R, Rc, Rs, SFd, SFd2, DL, Ra, fStress = meteorology(
+        day_of_year=day_of_year,
+        hour_of_day=hour_of_day,
+        latitude=latitude,
+        elevation_m=elevation_m,
+        SZA=SZA,
+        Ta_K=Ta_K,
+        Ea_Pa=Ea_Pa,
+        Rg=Rg,
+        wind_speed_mps=wind_speed_mps,
+        canopy_height_meters=canopy_height_meters
+    )
+
+    meteorology_outputs = {
+        "Ps_Pa": Ps_Pa,
+        "VPD_Pa": VPD_Pa,
+        "RH": RH,
+        "desTa": desTa,
+        "ddesTa": ddesTa,
+        "gamma": gamma,
+        "Cp": Cp,
+        "rhoa": rhoa,
+        "epsa": epsa,
+        "R": R,
+        "Rc": Rc,
+        "Rs": Rs,
+        "SFd": SFd,
+        "SFd2": SFd2,
+        "DL": DL,
+        "Ra": Ra,
+        "fStress": fStress
+    }
+
+    # Check the distribution for each variable
+    for var_name, var_value in meteorology_outputs.items():
+        check_distribution(var_value, var_name, time_UTC)
+
+    # convert NDVI to LAI
+    LAI = LAI_from_NDVI(NDVI)
+    LAI_minimum = LAI_from_NDVI(NDVI_minimum)
+    LAI_maximum = LAI_from_NDVI(NDVI_maximum)
+
+    VCmax_C3_sunlit, VCmax_C4_sunlit, VCmax_C3_shaded, VCmax_C4_shaded = calculate_VCmax(
+        LAI=LAI,
+        LAI_minimum=LAI_minimum,
+        LAI_maximum=LAI_maximum,
+        peakVCmax_C3=peakVCmax_C3,
+        peakVCmax_C4=peakVCmax_C4,
+        SZA=SZA,
+        kn=kn
+    )
+
+    # List of variable names and their corresponding values
+    VCmax_outputs = {
+        "VCmax_C3_sunlit": VCmax_C3_sunlit,
+        "VCmax_C4_sunlit": VCmax_C4_sunlit,
+        "VCmax_C3_shaded": VCmax_C3_shaded,
+        "VCmax_C4_shaded": VCmax_C4_shaded
+    }
+
+    # Check the distribution for each variable
+    for var_name, var_value in VCmax_outputs.items():
+        check_distribution(var_value, var_name, time_UTC)
+
+    sunlit_fraction, APAR_sunlit, APAR_shaded, ASW_sunlit, ASW_shaded, ASW_soil, G = canopy_shortwave_radiation(
+        PARDiff=VISdiff,  # diffuse photosynthetically active radiation in W/m^2
+        PARDir=VISdir,  # direct photosynthetically active radiation in W/m^2
+        NIRDiff=NIRdiff,  # diffuse near-infrared radiation in W/m^2
+        NIRDir=NIRdir,  # direct near-infrared radiation in W/m^2
+        UV=UV,  # incoming ultraviolet radiation in W/m^2
+        SZA=SZA,  # solar zenith angle in degrees
+        LAI=LAI,  # leaf area index
+        CI=CI,  # clumping index
+        albedo_visible=albedo_visible,  # surface albedo in visible wavelengths
+        albedo_NIR=albedo_NIR  # surface albedo in near-infrared wavelengths
+    )
+
+    # List of variable names and their corresponding values
+    canopy_radiation_outputs = {
+        "sunlit_fraction": sunlit_fraction,
+        "APAR_sunlit": APAR_sunlit,
+        "APAR_shaded": APAR_shaded,
+        "ASW_sunlit": ASW_sunlit,
+        "ASW_shaded": ASW_shaded,
+        "ASW_soil": ASW_soil,
+        "G": G
+    }
+
+    # Check the distribution for each variable
+    for var_name, var_value in canopy_radiation_outputs.items():
+        check_distribution(var_value, var_name, time_UTC)
+
+
+    canopy_temperature_K = canopy_temperature_C + 273.15
+    soil_temperature_K = soil_temperature_C + 273.15
+
+    GPP_C3, LE_C3, LE_soil_C3, LE_canopy_C3, Rn_C3, Rn_soil_C3, Rn_canopy_C3 = carbon_water_fluxes(
+        canopy_temperature_K=canopy_temperature_K,  # canopy temperature in Kelvin
+        soil_temperature_K=soil_temperature_K,  # soil temperature in Kelvin
+        LAI=LAI,  # leaf area index
+        Ta_K=Ta_K,  # air temperature in Kelvin
+        APAR_sunlit=APAR_sunlit,  # sunlit leaf absorptance of photosynthetically active radiation
+        APAR_shaded=APAR_shaded,  # shaded leaf absorptance of photosynthetically active radiation
+        ASW_sunlit=ASW_sunlit,  # sunlit absorbed shortwave radiation
+        ASW_shaded=ASW_shaded,  # shaded absorbed shortwave radiation
+        ASW_soil=ASW_soil,  # absorbed shortwave radiation of soil
+        Vcmax25_sunlit=VCmax_C3_sunlit,  # sunlit maximum carboxylation rate at 25 degrees C
+        Vcmax25_shaded=VCmax_C3_shaded,  # shaded maximum carboxylation rate at 25 degrees C
+        ball_berry_slope=ball_berry_slope_C3,  # Ball-Berry slope for C3 photosynthesis
+        ball_berry_intercept=ball_berry_intercept_C3,  # Ball-Berry intercept for C3 photosynthesis
+        sunlit_fraction=sunlit_fraction,  # fraction of sunlit leaves
+        G=G,  # soil heat flux
+        SZA=SZA,  # solar zenith angle
+        Ca=Ca,  # atmospheric CO2 concentration
+        Ps_Pa=Ps_Pa,  # surface pressure in Pascal
+        gamma=gamma,  # psychrometric constant
+        Cp=Cp,  # specific heat of air in J/kg/K
+        rhoa=rhoa,  # density of air in kg/m3
+        VPD_Pa=VPD_Pa,  # vapor pressure deficit in Pascal
+        RH=RH,  # relative humidity as a fraction
+        desTa=desTa,
+        ddesTa=ddesTa,
+        epsa=epsa,
+        Rc=Rc,
+        Rs=Rs,
+        carbon_uptake_efficiency=carbon_uptake_efficiency,  # intrinsic quantum efficiency for carbon uptake
+        fStress=fStress,
+        C4_photosynthesis=False  # C3 or C4 photosynthesis
+    )
+
+    # List of variable names and their corresponding values
+    carbon_water_fluxes_outputs = {
+        "GPP_C3": GPP_C3,
+        "LE_C3": LE_C3,
+        "LE_soil_C3": LE_soil_C3,
+        "LE_canopy_C3": LE_canopy_C3,
+        "Rn_C3": Rn_C3,
+        "Rn_soil_C3": Rn_soil_C3,
+        "Rn_canopy_C3": Rn_canopy_C3
+    }
+
+    # Check the distribution for each variable
+    for var_name, var_value in carbon_water_fluxes_outputs.items():
+        check_distribution(var_value, var_name, time_UTC)
+
+
+    GPP_C4, LE_C4, LE_soil_C4, LE_canopy_C4, Rn_C4, Rn_soil_C4, Rn_canopy_C4 = carbon_water_fluxes(
+        canopy_temperature_K=canopy_temperature_K,  # canopy temperature in Kelvin
+        soil_temperature_K=soil_temperature_K,  # soil temperature in Kelvin
+        LAI=LAI,  # leaf area index
+        Ta_K=Ta_K,  # air temperature in Kelvin
+        APAR_sunlit=APAR_sunlit,  # sunlit leaf absorptance of photosynthetically active radiation
+        APAR_shaded=APAR_shaded,  # shaded leaf absorptance of photosynthetically active radiation
+        ASW_sunlit=ASW_sunlit,  # sunlit absorbed shortwave radiation
+        ASW_shaded=ASW_shaded,  # shaded absorbed shortwave radiation
+        ASW_soil=ASW_soil,  # absorbed shortwave radiation of soil
+        Vcmax25_sunlit=VCmax_C4_sunlit,  # sunlit maximum carboxylation rate at 25 degrees C
+        Vcmax25_shaded=VCmax_C4_shaded,  # shaded maximum carboxylation rate at 25 degrees C
+        ball_berry_slope=ball_berry_slope_C4,  # Ball-Berry slope for C4 photosynthesis
+        ball_berry_intercept=ball_berry_intercept_C4,  # Ball-Berry intercept for C4 photosynthesis
+        sunlit_fraction=sunlit_fraction,  # fraction of sunlit leaves
+        G=G,  # soil heat flux
+        SZA=SZA,  # solar zenith angle
+        Ca=Ca,  # atmospheric CO2 concentration
+        Ps_Pa=Ps_Pa,  # surface pressure in Pascal
+        gamma=gamma,  # psychrometric constant
+        Cp=Cp,  # specific heat of air in J/kg/K
+        rhoa=rhoa,  # density of air in kg/m3
+        VPD_Pa=VPD_Pa,  # vapor pressure deficit in Pascal
+        RH=RH,  # relative humidity as a fraction
+        desTa=desTa,
+        ddesTa=ddesTa,
+        epsa=epsa,
+        Rc=Rc,
+        Rs=Rs,
+        carbon_uptake_efficiency=carbon_uptake_efficiency,  # intrinsic quantum efficiency for carbon uptake
+        fStress=fStress,
+        C4_photosynthesis=True  # C3 or C4 photosynthesis
+    )
+
+    # List of variable names and their corresponding values
+    carbon_water_fluxes_C4_outputs = {
+        "GPP_C4": GPP_C4,
+        "LE_C4": LE_C4,
+        "LE_soil_C4": LE_soil_C4,
+        "LE_canopy_C4": LE_canopy_C4,
+        "Rn_C4": Rn_C4,
+        "Rn_soil_C4": Rn_soil_C4,
+        "Rn_canopy_C4": Rn_canopy_C4
+    }
+
+    # Check the distribution for each variable
+    for var_name, var_value in carbon_water_fluxes_C4_outputs.items():
+        check_distribution(var_value, var_name, time_UTC)
+
+    # interpolate C3 and C4 GPP
+    ST_K = ST_C + 273.15
+    GPP = np.clip(interpolate_C3_C4(GPP_C3, GPP_C4, C4_fraction), 0, 50)
+    GPP = np.where(np.isnan(ST_K), np.nan, GPP)
+
+    # upscale from instantaneous to daily
+
+    # upscale GPP to daily
+    GPP_daily = 1800 * GPP / SFd * 1e-6 * 12  # Eq. (3) in Ryu et al 2008
+    GPP_daily = np.where(SFd < 0.01, 0, GPP_daily)
+    GPP_daily = np.where(SZA >= 90, 0, GPP_daily)
+
+    # interpolate C3 and C4 net radiation
+    Rn = np.clip(interpolate_C3_C4(Rn_C3, Rn_C4, C4_fraction), 0, 1000)
+
+    # interpolate C3 and C4 soil net radiation
+    Rn_soil = np.clip(interpolate_C3_C4(Rn_soil_C3, Rn_soil_C4, C4_fraction), 0, 1000)
+
+    # interpolate C3 and C4 canopy net radiation
+    Rn_canopy = np.clip(interpolate_C3_C4(Rn_canopy_C3, Rn_canopy_C4, C4_fraction), 0, 1000)
+
+    # interpolate C3 and C4 latent heat flux
+    LE = np.clip(interpolate_C3_C4(LE_C3, LE_C4, C4_fraction), 0, 1000)
+
+    # interpolate C3 and C4 soil latent heat flux
+    LE_soil = np.clip(interpolate_C3_C4(LE_soil_C3, LE_soil_C4, C4_fraction), 0, 1000)
+
+    # interpolate C3 and C4 canopy latent heat flux
+    LE_canopy = np.clip(interpolate_C3_C4(LE_canopy_C3, LE_canopy_C4, C4_fraction), 0, 1000)
+
+    return {
+        "GPP": GPP,
+        "GPP_daily": GPP_daily,
+        "Rn": Rn,
+        "Rn_soil": Rn_soil,
+        "Rn_canopy": Rn_canopy,
+        "LE": LE,
+        "LE_soil": LE_soil,
+        "LE_canopy": LE_canopy
+    }