orynacode-ai 1.16.2

package/test/mcp/lifecycle.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,888 @@
+import { expect, mock, beforeEach } from "bun:test"
+import { Cause, Effect, Exit } from "effect"
+import type { MCP as MCPNS } from "../../src/mcp/index"
+import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
+
+// --- Mock infrastructure ---
+
+// Per-client state for controlling mock behavior
+interface MockClientState {
+  tools: Array<{ name: string; description?: string; inputSchema: object; outputSchema?: object }>
+  listToolsCalls: number
+  requestCalls: number
+  listToolsShouldFail: boolean
+  listToolsError: string
+  listPromptsShouldFail: boolean
+  listResourcesShouldFail: boolean
+  prompts: Array<{ name: string; description?: string }>
+  resources: Array<{ name: string; uri: string; description?: string }>
+  closed: boolean
+  notificationHandlers: Map<unknown, (...args: any[]) => any>
+}
+
+const clientStates = new Map<string, MockClientState>()
+let lastCreatedClientName: string | undefined
+let connectShouldFail = false
+let connectShouldHang = false
+let connectError = "Mock transport cannot connect"
+// Tracks how many Client instances were created (detects leaks)
+let clientCreateCount = 0
+// Tracks how many times transport.close() is called across all mock transports
+let transportCloseCount = 0
+
+function getOrCreateClientState(name?: string): MockClientState {
+  const key = name ?? "default"
+  let state = clientStates.get(key)
+  if (!state) {
+    state = {
+      tools: [{ name: "test_tool", description: "A test tool", inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: {} } }],
+      listToolsCalls: 0,
+      requestCalls: 0,
+      listToolsShouldFail: false,
+      listToolsError: "listTools failed",
+      listPromptsShouldFail: false,
+      listResourcesShouldFail: false,
+      prompts: [],
+      resources: [],
+      closed: false,
+      notificationHandlers: new Map(),
+    }
+    clientStates.set(key, state)
+  }
+  return state
+}
+
+// Mock transport that succeeds or fails based on connectShouldFail / connectShouldHang
+class MockStdioTransport {
+  stderr: null = null
+  pid = 12345
+  // oxlint-disable-next-line no-useless-constructor
+  constructor(_opts: any) {}
+  async start() {
+    if (connectShouldHang) return new Promise<void>(() => {}) // never resolves
+    if (connectShouldFail) throw new Error(connectError)
+  }
+  async close() {
+    transportCloseCount++
+  }
+}
+
+class MockStreamableHTTP {
+  // oxlint-disable-next-line no-useless-constructor
+  constructor(_url: URL, _opts?: any) {}
+  async start() {
+    if (connectShouldHang) return new Promise<void>(() => {}) // never resolves
+    if (connectShouldFail) throw new Error(connectError)
+  }
+  async close() {
+    transportCloseCount++
+  }
+  async finishAuth() {}
+}
+
+class MockSSE {
+  // oxlint-disable-next-line no-useless-constructor
+  constructor(_url: URL, _opts?: any) {}
+  async start() {
+    if (connectShouldHang) return new Promise<void>(() => {}) // never resolves
+    if (connectShouldFail) throw new Error(connectError)
+  }
+  async close() {
+    transportCloseCount++
+  }
+}
+
+void mock.module("@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js", () => ({
+  StdioClientTransport: MockStdioTransport,
+}))
+
+void mock.module("@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/streamableHttp.js", () => ({
+  StreamableHTTPClientTransport: MockStreamableHTTP,
+}))
+
+void mock.module("@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/sse.js", () => ({
+  SSEClientTransport: MockSSE,
+}))
+
+void mock.module("@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/auth.js", () => ({
+  UnauthorizedError: class extends Error {
+    constructor() {
+      super("Unauthorized")
+    }
+  },
+}))
+
+// Mock Client that delegates to per-name MockClientState
+void mock.module("@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js", () => ({
+  Client: class MockClient {
+    _state!: MockClientState
+    transport: any
+
+    constructor(_opts: any) {
+      clientCreateCount++
+    }
+
+    async connect(transport: { start: () => Promise<void> }) {
+      this.transport = transport
+      await transport.start()
+      // After successful connect, bind to the last-created client name
+      this._state = getOrCreateClientState(lastCreatedClientName)
+    }
+
+    setNotificationHandler(schema: unknown, handler: (...args: any[]) => any) {
+      this._state?.notificationHandlers.set(schema, handler)
+    }
+
+    async listTools() {
+      if (this._state) this._state.listToolsCalls++
+      if (this._state?.listToolsShouldFail) {
+        throw new Error(this._state.listToolsError)
+      }
+      return { tools: this._state?.tools ?? [] }
+    }
+
+    async request(request: { method: string }, schema: { parse: (value: unknown) => unknown }) {
+      if (this._state) this._state.requestCalls++
+      if (request.method === "tools/list") return schema.parse({ tools: this._state?.tools ?? [] })
+      throw new Error(`unsupported request: ${request.method}`)
+    }
+
+    async listPrompts() {
+      if (this._state?.listPromptsShouldFail) {
+        throw new Error("listPrompts failed")
+      }
+      return { prompts: this._state?.prompts ?? [] }
+    }
+
+    async listResources() {
+      if (this._state?.listResourcesShouldFail) {
+        throw new Error("listResources failed")
+      }
+      return { resources: this._state?.resources ?? [] }
+    }
+
+    async close() {
+      if (this._state) this._state.closed = true
+    }
+  },
+}))
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  clientStates.clear()
+  lastCreatedClientName = undefined
+  connectShouldFail = false
+  connectShouldHang = false
+  connectError = "Mock transport cannot connect"
+  clientCreateCount = 0
+  transportCloseCount = 0
+})
+
+// Import after mocks
+const { MCP } = await import("../../src/mcp/index")
+const { McpOAuthCallback } = await import("../../src/mcp/oauth-callback")
+
+const it = testEffect(MCP.defaultLayer)
+
+function statusName(status: Record<string, MCPNS.Status> | MCPNS.Status, server: string) {
+  if ("status" in status) return status.status
+  return status[server]?.status
+}
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: tools() are cached after connect
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "tools() reuses cached tool definitions after connect",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "my-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("my-server")
+        serverState.tools = [
+          { name: "do_thing", description: "does a thing", inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: {} } },
+        ]
+
+        // First: add the server successfully
+        const addResult = yield* mcp.add("my-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+        expect((addResult.status as any)["my-server"]?.status ?? (addResult.status as any).status).toBe("connected")
+
+        expect(serverState.listToolsCalls).toBe(1)
+
+        const toolsA = yield* mcp.tools()
+        const toolsB = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(toolsA).length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+        expect(Object.keys(toolsB).length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+        expect(serverState.listToolsCalls).toBe(1)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: tool change notifications refresh the cache
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "tool change notifications refresh cached tool definitions",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "status-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("status-server")
+
+        yield* mcp.add("status-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        const before = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(before).some((key) => key.includes("test_tool"))).toBe(true)
+        expect(serverState.listToolsCalls).toBe(1)
+
+        serverState.tools = [
+          { name: "next_tool", description: "next", inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: {} } },
+        ]
+
+        const handler = Array.from(serverState.notificationHandlers.values())[0]
+        expect(handler).toBeDefined()
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => handler?.())
+
+        const after = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(after).some((key) => key.includes("next_tool"))).toBe(true)
+        expect(Object.keys(after).some((key) => key.includes("test_tool"))).toBe(false)
+        expect(serverState.listToolsCalls).toBe(2)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: connect() / disconnect() lifecycle
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "disconnect sets status to disabled and removes client",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "disc-server"
+        getOrCreateClientState("disc-server")
+
+        yield* mcp.add("disc-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        const statusBefore = yield* mcp.status()
+        expect(statusBefore["disc-server"]?.status).toBe("connected")
+
+        yield* mcp.disconnect("disc-server")
+
+        const statusAfter = yield* mcp.status()
+        expect(statusAfter["disc-server"]?.status).toBe("disabled")
+
+        const tools = yield* mcp.tools()
+        const serverTools = Object.keys(tools).filter((k) => k.startsWith("disc-server"))
+        expect(serverTools.length).toBe(0)
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "disc-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+it.instance(
+  "connect() after disconnect() re-establishes the server",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "reconn-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("reconn-server")
+        serverState.tools = [
+          { name: "my_tool", description: "a tool", inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: {} } },
+        ]
+
+        yield* mcp.add("reconn-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        yield* mcp.disconnect("reconn-server")
+        expect((yield* mcp.status())["reconn-server"]?.status).toBe("disabled")
+
+        yield* mcp.connect("reconn-server")
+        expect((yield* mcp.status())["reconn-server"]?.status).toBe("connected")
+
+        const tools = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(tools).some((k) => k.includes("my_tool"))).toBe(true)
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "reconn-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: add() closes existing client before replacing
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "add() closes the old client when replacing a server",
+  // Don't put the server in config — add it dynamically so we control
+  // exactly which client instance is "first" vs "second".
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "replace-server"
+        const firstState = getOrCreateClientState("replace-server")
+
+        yield* mcp.add("replace-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        expect(firstState.closed).toBe(false)
+
+        // Create new state for second client
+        clientStates.delete("replace-server")
+        const secondState = getOrCreateClientState("replace-server")
+
+        // Re-add should close the first client
+        yield* mcp.add("replace-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        expect(firstState.closed).toBe(true)
+        expect(secondState.closed).toBe(false)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: state init with mixed success/failure
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "init connects available servers even when one fails",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        // Set up good server
+        const goodState = getOrCreateClientState("good-server")
+        goodState.tools = [{ name: "good_tool", description: "works", inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: {} } }]
+
+        // Set up bad server - will fail on listTools during create()
+        const badState = getOrCreateClientState("bad-server")
+        badState.listToolsShouldFail = true
+
+        // Add good server first
+        lastCreatedClientName = "good-server"
+        yield* mcp.add("good-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "good"],
+        })
+
+        // Add bad server - should fail but not affect good server
+        lastCreatedClientName = "bad-server"
+        yield* mcp.add("bad-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "bad"],
+        })
+
+        const status = yield* mcp.status()
+        expect(status["good-server"]?.status).toBe("connected")
+        expect(status["bad-server"]?.status).toBe("failed")
+
+        // Good server's tools should still be available
+        const tools = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(tools).some((k) => k.includes("good_tool"))).toBe(true)
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "good-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "good"],
+        },
+        "bad-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "bad"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+it.instance(
+  "falls back when MCP output schema refs fail SDK tool discovery",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "stitch-like-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("stitch-like-server")
+        serverState.listToolsShouldFail = true
+        serverState.listToolsError = "can't resolve reference #/$defs/ScreenInstance from id #"
+        serverState.tools = [
+          {
+            name: "render_screen",
+            description: "renders a screen",
+            inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: { prompt: { type: "string" } }, required: ["prompt"] },
+            outputSchema: { type: "object", properties: { screen: { $ref: "#/$defs/ScreenInstance" } } },
+          },
+        ]
+
+        const addResult = yield* mcp.add("stitch-like-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        expect(statusName(addResult.status, "stitch-like-server")).toBe("connected")
+
+        const tools = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(tools).some((key) => key.includes("render_screen"))).toBe(true)
+        expect(serverState.listToolsCalls).toBe(1)
+        expect(serverState.requestCalls).toBe(1)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+it.instance(
+  "does not fall back for non-schema MCP tool discovery errors",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "broken-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("broken-server")
+        serverState.listToolsShouldFail = true
+        serverState.listToolsError = "transport closed"
+
+        const addResult = yield* mcp.add("broken-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        expect(statusName(addResult.status, "broken-server")).toBe("failed")
+        expect(serverState.listToolsCalls).toBe(1)
+        expect(serverState.requestCalls).toBe(0)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: disabled server via config
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "disabled server is marked as disabled without attempting connection",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const countBefore = clientCreateCount
+
+        yield* mcp.add("disabled-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+          enabled: false,
+        } as any)
+
+        // No client should have been created
+        expect(clientCreateCount).toBe(countBefore)
+
+        const status = yield* mcp.status()
+        expect(status["disabled-server"]?.status).toBe("disabled")
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "disabled-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+          enabled: false,
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: prompts() and resources()
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "prompts() returns prompts from connected servers",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "prompt-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("prompt-server")
+        serverState.prompts = [{ name: "my-prompt", description: "A test prompt" }]
+
+        yield* mcp.add("prompt-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        const prompts = yield* mcp.prompts()
+        expect(Object.keys(prompts).length).toBe(1)
+        const key = Object.keys(prompts)[0]
+        expect(key).toContain("prompt-server")
+        expect(key).toContain("my-prompt")
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "prompt-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+it.instance(
+  "resources() returns resources from connected servers",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "resource-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("resource-server")
+        serverState.resources = [{ name: "my-resource", uri: "file:///test.txt", description: "A test resource" }]
+
+        yield* mcp.add("resource-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        const resources = yield* mcp.resources()
+        expect(Object.keys(resources).length).toBe(1)
+        const key = Object.keys(resources)[0]
+        expect(key).toContain("resource-server")
+        expect(key).toContain("my-resource")
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "resource-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+it.instance(
+  "prompts() skips disconnected servers",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "prompt-disc-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("prompt-disc-server")
+        serverState.prompts = [{ name: "hidden-prompt", description: "Should not appear" }]
+
+        yield* mcp.add("prompt-disc-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        yield* mcp.disconnect("prompt-disc-server")
+
+        const prompts = yield* mcp.prompts()
+        expect(Object.keys(prompts).length).toBe(0)
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "prompt-disc-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: connect() on nonexistent server
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "connect() on nonexistent server fails with NotFoundError",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const exit = yield* mcp.connect("nonexistent").pipe(Effect.exit)
+        expect(Exit.isFailure(exit)).toBe(true)
+        if (Exit.isFailure(exit)) {
+          expect(Cause.squash(exit.cause)).toMatchObject({ _tag: "MCP.NotFoundError", name: "nonexistent" })
+        }
+        const status = yield* mcp.status()
+        expect(status["nonexistent"]).toBeUndefined()
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: disconnect() on nonexistent server
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "disconnect() on nonexistent server fails with NotFoundError",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const exit = yield* mcp.disconnect("nonexistent").pipe(Effect.exit)
+        expect(Exit.isFailure(exit)).toBe(true)
+        if (Exit.isFailure(exit)) {
+          expect(Cause.squash(exit.cause)).toMatchObject({ _tag: "MCP.NotFoundError", name: "nonexistent" })
+        }
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: tools() with no MCP servers configured
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "tools() returns empty when no MCP servers are configured",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const tools = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(tools).length).toBe(0)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: connect failure during create()
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "server that fails to connect is marked as failed",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "fail-connect"
+        getOrCreateClientState("fail-connect")
+        connectShouldFail = true
+        connectError = "Connection refused"
+
+        yield* mcp.add("fail-connect", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        const status = yield* mcp.status()
+        expect(status["fail-connect"]?.status).toBe("failed")
+        if (status["fail-connect"]?.status === "failed") {
+          expect(status["fail-connect"].error).toContain("Connection refused")
+        }
+
+        // No tools should be available
+        const tools = yield* mcp.tools()
+        expect(Object.keys(tools).length).toBe(0)
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "fail-connect": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Bug #5: McpOAuthCallback.cancelPending uses wrong key
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.live("McpOAuthCallback.cancelPending is keyed by mcpName but pendingAuths uses oauthState", () =>
+  Effect.acquireUseRelease(
+    Effect.sync(() => McpOAuthCallback.waitForCallback("abc123hexstate", "my-mcp-server")),
+    (callback) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        McpOAuthCallback.cancelPending("my-mcp-server")
+
+        const exit = yield* Effect.tryPromise({
+          try: () => callback,
+          catch: (error) => (error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error))),
+        }).pipe(
+          Effect.timeoutOrElse({
+            duration: "1 second",
+            orElse: () => Effect.fail(new Error("timed out waiting for OAuth cancellation")),
+          }),
+          Effect.exit,
+        )
+
+        expect(Exit.isFailure(exit)).toBe(true)
+      }),
+    () => Effect.promise(() => McpOAuthCallback.stop()).pipe(Effect.ignore),
+  ),
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: multiple tools from same server get correct name prefixes
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "tools() prefixes tool names with sanitized server name",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "my.special-server"
+        const serverState = getOrCreateClientState("my.special-server")
+        serverState.tools = [
+          { name: "tool-a", description: "Tool A", inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: {} } },
+          { name: "tool.b", description: "Tool B", inputSchema: { type: "object", properties: {} } },
+        ]
+
+        yield* mcp.add("my.special-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        })
+
+        const tools = yield* mcp.tools()
+        const keys = Object.keys(tools)
+
+        // Server name dots should be replaced with underscores
+        expect(keys.some((k) => k.startsWith("my_special-server_"))).toBe(true)
+        // Tool name dots should be replaced with underscores
+        expect(keys.some((k) => k.endsWith("tool_b"))).toBe(true)
+        expect(keys.length).toBe(2)
+      }),
+    ),
+  {
+    config: {
+      mcp: {
+        "my.special-server": {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["echo", "test"],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: transport leak — local stdio timeout (#19168)
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "local stdio transport is closed when connect times out (no process leak)",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "hanging-server"
+        getOrCreateClientState("hanging-server")
+        connectShouldHang = true
+
+        const addResult = yield* mcp.add("hanging-server", {
+          type: "local",
+          command: ["node", "fake.js"],
+          timeout: 100,
+        })
+
+        const serverStatus = (addResult.status as any)["hanging-server"] ?? addResult.status
+        expect(serverStatus.status).toBe("failed")
+        expect(serverStatus.error).toContain("timed out")
+        // Transport must be closed to avoid orphaned child process
+        expect(transportCloseCount).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: transport leak — remote timeout (#19168)
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "remote transport is closed when connect times out",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "hanging-remote"
+        getOrCreateClientState("hanging-remote")
+        connectShouldHang = true
+
+        const addResult = yield* mcp.add("hanging-remote", {
+          type: "remote",
+          url: "http://localhost:9999/mcp",
+          timeout: 100,
+          oauth: false,
+        })
+
+        const serverStatus = (addResult.status as any)["hanging-remote"] ?? addResult.status
+        expect(serverStatus.status).toBe("failed")
+        // Transport must be closed to avoid leaked HTTP connections
+        expect(transportCloseCount).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)
+
+// ========================================================================
+// Test: transport leak — failed remote transports not closed (#19168)
+// ========================================================================
+
+it.instance(
+  "failed remote transport is closed before trying next transport",
+  () =>
+    MCP.Service.use((mcp: MCPNS.Interface) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        lastCreatedClientName = "fail-remote"
+        getOrCreateClientState("fail-remote")
+        connectShouldFail = true
+        connectError = "Connection refused"
+
+        const addResult = yield* mcp.add("fail-remote", {
+          type: "remote",
+          url: "http://localhost:9999/mcp",
+          timeout: 5000,
+          oauth: false,
+        })
+
+        const serverStatus = (addResult.status as any)["fail-remote"] ?? addResult.status
+        expect(serverStatus.status).toBe("failed")
+        // Both StreamableHTTP and SSE transports should be closed
+        expect(transportCloseCount).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2)
+      }),
+    ),
+  { config: { mcp: {} } },
+)