@query-doctor/core 0.9.0 → 0.10.1

package/dist/optimizer/genalgo.mjs.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"genalgo.mjs","names":[],"sources":["../../src/optimizer/genalgo.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type { NullTestType } from \"@pgsql/types\";\nimport { blue, gray, green, magenta, red, yellow } from \"colorette\";\nimport type { JsonbOperator } from \"../sql/analyzer.js\";\nimport type { SortContext } from \"../sql/analyzer.js\";\nimport { PostgresQueryBuilder } from \"../sql/builder.js\";\nimport {\n  dropIndex,\n  type Postgres,\n  type PostgresExplainResult,\n  type PostgresExplainStage,\n  type PostgresTransaction,\n} from \"../sql/database.js\";\nimport { isIndexProbablyDroppable } from \"../sql/indexes.js\";\nimport { permutationsWithDescendingLength } from \"../sql/permutations.js\";\nimport { PgIdentifier } from \"../sql/pg-identifier.js\";\nimport type { IndexedTable, Statistics } from \"./statistics.js\";\n\nexport type IndexIdentifier = string;\n\ntype IndexRecommendation = PermutedIndexCandidate & {\n  definition: IndexIdentifier;\n};\n\ntype Color = (a: string) => string;\n\nexport type IndexToCreate = PermutedIndexCandidate & {\n  name: PgIdentifier;\n  definition: IndexIdentifier;\n};\n\nexport class IndexOptimizer {\n  static prefix = \"__qd_\";\n\n  constructor(\n    private readonly db: Postgres,\n    private readonly statistics: Statistics,\n    private existingIndexes: IndexedTable[],\n    private readonly config: {\n      trace?: boolean;\n      debug?: boolean;\n    } = {},\n  ) {}\n\n  async run(\n    builder: PostgresQueryBuilder,\n    indexes: RootIndexCandidate[],\n    beforeQuery?: (tx: PostgresTransaction) => Promise<void>,\n  ): Promise<OptimizeResult> {\n    const baseExplain = await this.testQueryWithStats(builder, async (tx) => {\n      if (beforeQuery) {\n        await beforeQuery(tx);\n      }\n    });\n    const baseCost: number = Number(baseExplain.Plan[\"Total Cost\"]);\n    if (baseCost === 0) {\n      return {\n        kind: \"zero_cost_plan\",\n        explainPlan: baseExplain.Plan,\n      };\n    }\n    const toCreate = this.indexesToCreate(indexes);\n    if (toCreate.length === 0) {\n      // No indexes to try: the 2nd EXPLAIN would be identical to the 1st,\n      // so skip it. On large tables this saves a full re-run of the query.\n      const baseIndexes = this.findUsedIndexes(baseExplain.Plan);\n      return {\n        kind: \"ok\",\n        baseCost,\n        finalCost: baseCost,\n        newIndexes: new Set<string>(),\n        existingIndexes: baseIndexes.existingIndexes,\n        triedIndexes: new Map(),\n        baseExplainPlan: baseExplain.Plan,\n        explainPlan: baseExplain.Plan,\n      };\n    }\n    this.statistics.setAdditionalIndexes(toCreate);\n    const finalExplain = await this.testQueryWithStats(builder, async (tx) => {\n      if (beforeQuery) {\n        await beforeQuery(tx);\n      }\n\n      // Then create recommended indexes\n      for (const permutation of toCreate) {\n        const createIndex = PostgresQueryBuilder.createIndex(\n          permutation.definition,\n          permutation.name,\n        )\n          .introspect()\n          .build();\n\n        await tx.exec(createIndex);\n      }\n    });\n    this.statistics.setAdditionalIndexes([]);\n    const finalCost = Number(finalExplain.Plan[\"Total Cost\"]);\n    if (this.config.debug) {\n      console.dir(finalExplain, { depth: null });\n    }\n    const deltaPercentage = ((baseCost - finalCost) / baseCost) * 100;\n    if (finalCost < baseCost) {\n      console.log(\n        ` 🎉🎉🎉 ${green(`+${deltaPercentage.toFixed(2).padStart(5, \"0\")}%`)}`,\n      );\n    } else if (finalCost > baseCost) {\n      console.log(\n        `${red(\n          `-${Math.abs(deltaPercentage).toFixed(2).padStart(5, \"0\")}%`,\n        )} ${gray(\"If there's a better index, we haven't tried it\")}`,\n      );\n    }\n    const baseIndexes = this.findUsedIndexes(baseExplain.Plan);\n    const finalIndexes = this.findUsedIndexes(finalExplain.Plan);\n    const triedIndexes = new Map(\n      toCreate.map((index) => [index.name.toString(), index]),\n    );\n    this.replaceUsedIndexesWithDefinition(finalExplain.Plan, triedIndexes);\n\n    return {\n      kind: \"ok\",\n      baseCost,\n      finalCost,\n      newIndexes: finalIndexes.newIndexes,\n      existingIndexes: baseIndexes.existingIndexes,\n      triedIndexes,\n      baseExplainPlan: baseExplain.Plan,\n      explainPlan: finalExplain.Plan,\n    };\n  }\n\n  async runWithoutIndexes(builder: PostgresQueryBuilder) {\n    return await this.testQueryWithStats(builder, async (tx) => {\n      await this.dropExistingIndexes(tx);\n    });\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Given the current indexes in the optimizer, transform them in some\n   * way to change which indexes will be assumed to exist when optimizing\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```\n   * // resets indexes\n   * optimizer.transformIndexes(() => [])\n   *\n   * // adds new index\n   * optimizer.transformIndexes(indexes => [...indexes, newIndex])\n   * ```\n   */\n  transformIndexes(f: (indexes: IndexedTable[]) => IndexedTable[]) {\n    const newIndexes = f(this.existingIndexes);\n    this.existingIndexes = newIndexes;\n    return this;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Postgres has a limit of 63 characters for index names.\n   * So we use this to make sure we don't derive it from a list of columns that can\n   * overflow that limit.\n   */\n  private indexName(): PgIdentifier {\n    const indexName =\n      IndexOptimizer.prefix + Math.random().toString(36).substring(2, 16);\n    return PgIdentifier.fromString(indexName);\n  }\n\n  // TODO: this doesn't belong in the optimizer\n  private indexAlreadyExists(\n    table: string,\n    columns: RootIndexCandidate[],\n  ): IndexedTable | undefined {\n    return this.existingIndexes.find(\n      (index) =>\n        index.index_type === \"btree\" &&\n        index.table_name === table &&\n        index.index_columns.length === columns.length &&\n        index.index_columns.every((c, i) => {\n          if (columns[i].column !== c.name) {\n            return false;\n          }\n\n          // we should assume any index with `WHERE`\n          // can't be counted as a duplicate\n          if (columns[i].where) {\n            return false;\n          }\n\n          if (columns[i].sort) {\n            switch (columns[i].sort.dir) {\n              // Sorting is ASC by default in postgres\n              case \"SORTBY_DEFAULT\":\n              case \"SORTBY_ASC\":\n                if (c.order !== \"ASC\") {\n                  return false;\n                }\n                break;\n              case \"SORTBY_DESC\":\n                if (c.order !== \"DESC\") {\n                  return false;\n                }\n                break;\n            }\n          }\n          return true;\n        }),\n    );\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Derive the list of indexes [tableA(X, Y, Z), tableB(H, I, J)]\n   **/\n  private indexesToCreate(\n    rootCandidates: RootIndexCandidate[],\n  ): IndexToCreate[] {\n    const expressionCandidates = rootCandidates.filter(\n      (c) => c.jsonbExtraction,\n    );\n    const btreeCandidates = rootCandidates.filter(\n      (c) => !c.jsonbOperator && !c.jsonbExtraction,\n    );\n    const ginCandidates = rootCandidates.filter((c) => c.jsonbOperator);\n\n    const nextStage: IndexToCreate[] = [];\n\n    const permutedIndexes =\n      this.groupPotentialIndexColumnsByTable(btreeCandidates);\n    for (const permutation of permutedIndexes.values()) {\n      const { table: rawTable, schema: rawSchema, columns } = permutation;\n      const permutations = permutationsWithDescendingLength(columns);\n      for (const columns of permutations) {\n        // TODO: accept PgIdentifier values instead\n        // required refactoring `PermutedIndexCandidate`\n        const schema = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawSchema);\n        const table = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawTable);\n        const existingIndex = this.indexAlreadyExists(\n          table.toString(),\n          columns,\n        );\n        if (existingIndex) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        const indexName = this.indexName();\n\n        const definition = this.toDefinition({ table, schema, columns }).raw;\n\n        nextStage.push({\n          name: indexName,\n          schema: schema.toString(),\n          table: table.toString(),\n          columns,\n          definition,\n        });\n      }\n    }\n\n    const ginGroups = this.groupGinCandidatesByColumn(ginCandidates);\n    for (const group of ginGroups.values()) {\n      const { schema: rawSchema, table: rawTable, column, operators } = group;\n      const schema = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawSchema);\n      const table = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawTable);\n\n      // jsonb_path_ops is smaller/faster but only supports @>.\n      // All other operators (key-existence and jsonpath) need the full jsonb_ops.\n      const needsFullOps = operators.some((op) => op !== \"@>\");\n      const opclass = needsFullOps ? undefined : \"jsonb_path_ops\";\n\n      const existingGin = this.ginIndexAlreadyExists(table.toString(), column);\n      if (existingGin) {\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      const indexName = this.indexName();\n      const candidate: RootIndexCandidate = {\n        schema: rawSchema,\n        table: rawTable,\n        column,\n      };\n      const definition = this.toGinDefinition({\n        table,\n        schema,\n        column: PgIdentifier.fromString(column),\n        opclass,\n      });\n\n      nextStage.push({\n        name: indexName,\n        schema: schema.toString(),\n        table: table.toString(),\n        columns: [candidate],\n        definition,\n        indexMethod: \"gin\",\n        opclass,\n      });\n    }\n\n    // Expression B-tree indexes for JSONB path extraction (-> / ->>)\n    const seenExpressions = new Set<string>();\n    for (const candidate of expressionCandidates) {\n      const expression = candidate.jsonbExtraction!;\n      const key = `${candidate.schema}.${candidate.table}.${expression}`;\n      if (seenExpressions.has(key)) continue;\n      seenExpressions.add(key);\n\n      const schema = PgIdentifier.fromString(candidate.schema);\n      const table = PgIdentifier.fromString(candidate.table);\n      const indexName = this.indexName();\n      const definition = this.toExpressionDefinition({\n        table,\n        schema,\n        expression,\n      });\n\n      nextStage.push({\n        name: indexName,\n        schema: schema.toString(),\n        table: table.toString(),\n        columns: [candidate],\n        definition,\n      });\n    }\n\n    return nextStage;\n  }\n\n  private toDefinition({\n    schema,\n    table,\n    columns,\n  }: {\n    schema: PgIdentifier;\n    table: PgIdentifier;\n    columns: RootIndexCandidate[];\n  }) {\n    const make = (col: Color, order: Color, _where: Color, _keyword: Color) => {\n      // TODO: refactor all of this class to accept PgIdentifiers\n      let fullyQualifiedTable: PgIdentifier;\n\n      if (schema.toString() === \"public\") {\n        fullyQualifiedTable = table;\n      } else {\n        fullyQualifiedTable = PgIdentifier.fromParts(schema, table);\n      }\n      const baseColumn = `${fullyQualifiedTable}(${columns\n        .map((c) => {\n          const column = PgIdentifier.fromString(c.column);\n          const direction = c.sort && this.sortDirection(c.sort);\n          const nulls = c.sort && this.nullsOrder(c.sort);\n          let sort = col(column.toString());\n          if (direction) {\n            sort += ` ${order(direction)}`;\n          }\n          if (nulls) {\n            sort += ` ${order(nulls)}`;\n          }\n          return sort;\n        })\n        .join(\", \")})`;\n      // TODO: add support for generating partial indexes\n      // if (clauses.length > 0) {\n      //   return `${baseColumn} ${where(\"where\")} ${clauses.join(\" and \")}`;\n      // }\n      return baseColumn;\n    };\n    const id: Color = (a) => a;\n    const raw = make(id, id, id, id);\n    const colored = make(green, yellow, magenta, blue);\n    return { raw, colored };\n  }\n\n  private toGinDefinition({\n    schema,\n    table,\n    column,\n    opclass,\n  }: {\n    schema: PgIdentifier;\n    table: PgIdentifier;\n    column: PgIdentifier;\n    opclass?: string;\n  }): string {\n    let fullyQualifiedTable: PgIdentifier;\n    if (schema.toString() === \"public\") {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = table;\n    } else {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = PgIdentifier.fromParts(schema, table);\n    }\n    const opclassSuffix = opclass ? ` ${opclass}` : \"\";\n    return `${fullyQualifiedTable} using gin (${column}${opclassSuffix})`;\n  }\n\n  private toExpressionDefinition({\n    schema,\n    table,\n    expression,\n  }: {\n    schema: PgIdentifier;\n    table: PgIdentifier;\n    expression: string;\n  }): string {\n    let fullyQualifiedTable: PgIdentifier;\n    if (schema.toString() === \"public\") {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = table;\n    } else {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = PgIdentifier.fromParts(schema, table);\n    }\n    return `${fullyQualifiedTable}((${expression}))`;\n  }\n\n  private groupGinCandidatesByColumn(candidates: RootIndexCandidate[]) {\n    const groups = new Map<\n      string,\n      {\n        schema: string;\n        table: string;\n        column: string;\n        operators: JsonbOperator[];\n      }\n    >();\n    for (const c of candidates) {\n      if (!c.jsonbOperator) continue;\n      const key = `${c.schema}.${c.table}.${c.column}`;\n      const existing = groups.get(key);\n      if (existing) {\n        if (!existing.operators.includes(c.jsonbOperator)) {\n          existing.operators.push(c.jsonbOperator);\n        }\n      } else {\n        groups.set(key, {\n          schema: c.schema,\n          table: c.table,\n          column: c.column,\n          operators: [c.jsonbOperator],\n        });\n      }\n    }\n    return groups;\n  }\n\n  private ginIndexAlreadyExists(\n    table: string,\n    column: string,\n  ): IndexedTable | undefined {\n    return this.existingIndexes.find(\n      (index) =>\n        index.index_type === \"gin\" &&\n        index.table_name === table &&\n        index.index_columns.some((c) => c.name === column),\n    );\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Drop indexes that can be dropped. Ignore the ones that can't\n   */\n  private async dropExistingIndexes(tx: PostgresTransaction) {\n    for (const index of this.existingIndexes) {\n      if (!isIndexProbablyDroppable(index)) {\n        continue;\n      }\n      const indexName = PgIdentifier.fromParts(\n        index.schema_name,\n        index.index_name,\n      );\n      await dropIndex(tx, indexName);\n    }\n  }\n\n  private whereClause(c: RootIndexCandidate, col: Color, keyword: Color) {\n    if (!c.where) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    if (c.where.nulltest === \"IS_NULL\") {\n      return `${col(`\"${c.column}\"`)} is ${keyword(\"null\")}`;\n    }\n    if (c.where.nulltest === \"IS_NOT_NULL\") {\n      return `${col(`\"${c.column}\"`)} is not ${keyword(\"null\")}`;\n    }\n    return \"\";\n  }\n\n  private nullsOrder(s: SortContext) {\n    if (!s.nulls) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    switch (s.nulls) {\n      case \"SORTBY_NULLS_FIRST\":\n        return \"nulls first\";\n      case \"SORTBY_NULLS_LAST\":\n        return \"nulls last\";\n      case \"SORTBY_NULLS_DEFAULT\":\n      default:\n        return \"\";\n    }\n  }\n\n  private sortDirection(s: SortContext) {\n    if (!s.dir) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    switch (s.dir) {\n      case \"SORTBY_DESC\":\n        return \"desc\";\n      case \"SORTBY_ASC\":\n        return \"asc\";\n      case \"SORTBY_DEFAULT\":\n      // god help us if we ever run into this\n      case \"SORTBY_USING\":\n      default:\n        return \"\";\n    }\n  }\n\n  async testQueryWithStats(\n    builder: PostgresQueryBuilder,\n    f?: (tx: PostgresTransaction) => Promise<void>,\n    options?: { params?: unknown[]; genericPlan?: boolean },\n  ): Promise<{ Plan: PostgresExplainStage }> {\n    try {\n      await this.db.transaction(async (tx) => {\n        await f?.(tx);\n        await this.statistics.restoreStats(tx);\n        const flags = [\"format json\"];\n        if (options && !options.genericPlan) {\n          flags.push(\"analyze\");\n          if (this.config.trace) {\n            // trace can only be used alongside analyze\n            // since it depends on the results of the query execution\n            flags.push(\"trace\");\n          }\n        } else {\n          flags.push(\"generic_plan\");\n        }\n        const { commands, query } = builder\n          .introspect()\n          .explain(flags)\n          .buildParts();\n        // this is done in a separate step to prevent sending multiple commands when using parameters\n        await tx.exec(commands);\n        const result = await tx.exec<PostgresExplainResult>(\n          query,\n          options?.params,\n        );\n        const explain = result[0][\"QUERY PLAN\"][0];\n        throw new RollbackError(explain);\n      });\n    } catch (error) {\n      if (error instanceof RollbackError) {\n        return error.value;\n      }\n      throw error;\n    }\n    throw new Error(\"Unreachable\");\n  }\n\n  private groupPotentialIndexColumnsByTable(indexes: RootIndexCandidate[]) {\n    const tableColumns: Map<\n      string,\n      { schema: string; table: string; columns: RootIndexCandidate[] }\n    > = new Map();\n    for (const index of indexes) {\n      const existing = tableColumns.get(`${index.schema}.${index.table}`);\n      if (existing) {\n        existing.columns.push(index);\n      } else {\n        tableColumns.set(`${index.schema}.${index.table}`, {\n          table: index.table,\n          schema: index.schema,\n          columns: [index],\n        });\n      }\n    }\n    return tableColumns;\n  }\n\n  private findUsedIndexes(explain: Record<string, any>) {\n    const newIndexes: Set<string> = new Set();\n    const existingIndexes: Set<string> = new Set();\n    const prefix = IndexOptimizer.prefix;\n    walkExplain(explain, (stage) => {\n      const indexName = stage[\"Index Name\"];\n      if (indexName) {\n        // Check for prefix at start or embedded (for hypertable chunk indexes like _hyper_1_1_chunk___qd_xxx)\n        if (indexName.startsWith(prefix)) {\n          newIndexes.add(indexName);\n        } else if (indexName.includes(prefix)) {\n          // Extract the actual index name from chunk-prefixed names (e.g., _hyper_1_1_chunk___qd_xxx -> __qd_xxx)\n          const actualName = indexName.substring(indexName.indexOf(prefix));\n          newIndexes.add(actualName);\n        } else {\n          existingIndexes.add(indexName);\n        }\n      }\n    });\n    return {\n      newIndexes,\n      existingIndexes,\n    };\n  }\n\n  private replaceUsedIndexesWithDefinition(\n    explain: Record<string, any>,\n    triedIndexes: Map<string, IndexRecommendation>,\n  ) {\n    walkExplain(explain, (stage) => {\n      const indexName = stage[\"Index Name\"];\n      if (typeof indexName === \"string\") {\n        const recommendation = triedIndexes.get(indexName);\n        if (recommendation) {\n          stage[\"Index Name\"] = recommendation.definition;\n        }\n      }\n    });\n  }\n}\n\nfunction walkExplain(explain: Record<string, any>, f: (stage: any) => void) {\n  function go(plan: any) {\n    f(plan);\n    if (plan.Plans) {\n      for (const p of plan.Plans) {\n        go(p);\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  go(explain);\n}\n\nexport type OptimizeResult =\n  | {\n      kind: \"ok\";\n      baseExplainPlan: PostgresExplainStage;\n      baseCost: number;\n      finalCost: number;\n      newIndexes: Set<string>;\n      existingIndexes: Set<string>;\n      triedIndexes: Map<string, IndexRecommendation>;\n      explainPlan: PostgresExplainStage;\n    }\n  | {\n      kind: \"zero_cost_plan\";\n      explainPlan: PostgresExplainStage;\n    };\n\nclass RollbackError<T> {\n  constructor(public readonly value?: T) {}\n}\n\nexport type RootIndexCandidate = {\n  schema: string;\n  table: string;\n  column: string;\n  sort?: SortContext;\n  where?: { nulltest?: NullTestType };\n  jsonbOperator?: JsonbOperator;\n  jsonbExtraction?: string;\n};\n\nexport type PermutedIndexCandidate = {\n  schema: string;\n  table: string;\n  columns: RootIndexCandidate[];\n  // TODO: functional indexes\n  where?: string;\n  indexMethod?: \"btree\" | \"gin\";\n  opclass?: string;\n};\n\nexport const PROCEED = Symbol(\"PROCEED\");\nexport const SKIP = 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On large tables this saves a full re-run of the query.\n      const baseIndexes = this.findUsedIndexes(baseExplain.Plan);\n      return {\n        kind: \"ok\",\n        baseCost,\n        finalCost: baseCost,\n        newIndexes: new Set<string>(),\n        existingIndexes: baseIndexes.existingIndexes,\n        triedIndexes: new Map(),\n        baseExplainPlan: baseExplain.Plan,\n        explainPlan: baseExplain.Plan,\n      };\n    }\n    this.statistics.setAdditionalIndexes(toCreate);\n    const finalExplain = await this.testQueryWithStats(builder, async (tx) => {\n      if (beforeQuery) {\n        await beforeQuery(tx);\n      }\n\n      // Then create recommended indexes\n      for (const permutation of toCreate) {\n        const createIndex = PostgresQueryBuilder.createIndex(\n          permutation.definition,\n          permutation.name,\n        )\n          .introspect()\n          .build();\n\n        await tx.exec(createIndex);\n      }\n    });\n    this.statistics.setAdditionalIndexes([]);\n    const finalCost = Number(finalExplain.Plan[\"Total Cost\"]);\n    if (this.config.debug) {\n      console.dir(finalExplain, { depth: null });\n    }\n    const deltaPercentage = ((baseCost - finalCost) / baseCost) * 100;\n    if (finalCost < baseCost) {\n      console.log(\n        ` 🎉🎉🎉 ${green(`+${deltaPercentage.toFixed(2).padStart(5, \"0\")}%`)}`,\n      );\n    } else if (finalCost > baseCost) {\n      console.log(\n        `${red(\n          `-${Math.abs(deltaPercentage).toFixed(2).padStart(5, \"0\")}%`,\n        )} ${gray(\"If there's a better index, we haven't tried it\")}`,\n      );\n    }\n    const baseIndexes = this.findUsedIndexes(baseExplain.Plan);\n    const finalIndexes = this.findUsedIndexes(finalExplain.Plan);\n    const triedIndexes = new Map(\n      toCreate.map((index) => [index.name.toString(), index]),\n    );\n    this.replaceUsedIndexesWithDefinition(finalExplain.Plan, triedIndexes);\n\n    return {\n      kind: 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}\n\n  /**\n   * Postgres has a limit of 63 characters for index names.\n   * So we use this to make sure we don't derive it from a list of columns that can\n   * overflow that limit.\n   */\n  private indexName(): PgIdentifier {\n    const indexName =\n      IndexOptimizer.prefix + Math.random().toString(36).substring(2, 16);\n    return PgIdentifier.fromString(indexName);\n  }\n\n  // TODO: this doesn't belong in the optimizer\n  private indexAlreadyExists(\n    table: string,\n    columns: RootIndexCandidate[],\n  ): FullSchemaIndex | undefined {\n    return this.existingIndexes.find(\n      (index) =>\n        index.indexType === \"btree\" &&\n        index.tableName.toString() === table &&\n        index.keyColumns.length === columns.length &&\n        index.keyColumns.every((c, i) => {\n          if (columns[i].column !== c.name.toString()) {\n            return false;\n          }\n\n          // we should assume any index with `WHERE`\n          // can't be counted as a duplicate\n          if (columns[i].where) {\n            return false;\n          }\n\n          if (columns[i].sort) {\n            switch (columns[i].sort.dir) {\n              // Sorting is ASC by default in postgres\n              case \"SORTBY_DEFAULT\":\n              case \"SORTBY_ASC\":\n                if (c.order !== \"ASC\") {\n                  return false;\n                }\n                break;\n              case \"SORTBY_DESC\":\n                if (c.order !== \"DESC\") {\n                  return false;\n                }\n                break;\n            }\n          }\n          return true;\n        }),\n    );\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Derive the list of indexes [tableA(X, Y, Z), tableB(H, I, J)]\n   **/\n  private indexesToCreate(\n    rootCandidates: RootIndexCandidate[],\n  ): IndexToCreate[] {\n    const expressionCandidates = rootCandidates.filter(\n      (c) => c.jsonbExtraction,\n    );\n    const btreeCandidates = rootCandidates.filter(\n      (c) => !c.jsonbOperator && !c.jsonbExtraction,\n    );\n    const ginCandidates = rootCandidates.filter((c) => c.jsonbOperator);\n\n    const nextStage: IndexToCreate[] = [];\n\n    const permutedIndexes =\n      this.groupPotentialIndexColumnsByTable(btreeCandidates);\n    for (const permutation of permutedIndexes.values()) {\n      const { table: rawTable, schema: rawSchema, columns } = permutation;\n      const permutations = permutationsWithDescendingLength(columns);\n      for (const columns of permutations) {\n        // TODO: accept PgIdentifier values instead\n        // required refactoring `PermutedIndexCandidate`\n        const schema = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawSchema);\n        const table = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawTable);\n        const existingIndex = this.indexAlreadyExists(\n          table.toString(),\n          columns,\n        );\n        if (existingIndex) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        const indexName = this.indexName();\n\n        const definition = this.toDefinition({ table, schema, columns }).raw;\n\n        nextStage.push({\n          name: indexName,\n          schema: schema.toString(),\n          table: table.toString(),\n          columns,\n          definition,\n        });\n      }\n    }\n\n    const ginGroups = this.groupGinCandidatesByColumn(ginCandidates);\n    for (const group of ginGroups.values()) {\n      const { schema: rawSchema, table: rawTable, column, operators } = group;\n      const schema = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawSchema);\n      const table = PgIdentifier.fromString(rawTable);\n\n      // jsonb_path_ops is smaller/faster but only supports @>.\n      // All other operators (key-existence and jsonpath) need the full jsonb_ops.\n      const needsFullOps = operators.some((op) => op !== \"@>\");\n      const opclass = needsFullOps ? undefined : \"jsonb_path_ops\";\n\n      const existingGin = this.ginIndexAlreadyExists(table.toString(), column);\n      if (existingGin) {\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      const indexName = this.indexName();\n      const candidate: RootIndexCandidate = {\n        schema: rawSchema,\n        table: rawTable,\n        column,\n      };\n      const definition = this.toGinDefinition({\n        table,\n        schema,\n        column: PgIdentifier.fromString(column),\n        opclass,\n      });\n\n      nextStage.push({\n        name: indexName,\n        schema: schema.toString(),\n        table: table.toString(),\n        columns: [candidate],\n        definition,\n        indexMethod: \"gin\",\n        opclass,\n      });\n    }\n\n    // Expression B-tree indexes for JSONB path extraction (-> / ->>)\n    const seenExpressions = new Set<string>();\n    for (const candidate of expressionCandidates) {\n      const expression = candidate.jsonbExtraction!;\n      const key = `${candidate.schema}.${candidate.table}.${expression}`;\n      if (seenExpressions.has(key)) continue;\n      seenExpressions.add(key);\n\n      const schema = PgIdentifier.fromString(candidate.schema);\n      const table = PgIdentifier.fromString(candidate.table);\n      const indexName = this.indexName();\n      const definition = this.toExpressionDefinition({\n        table,\n        schema,\n        expression,\n      });\n\n      nextStage.push({\n        name: indexName,\n        schema: schema.toString(),\n        table: table.toString(),\n        columns: [candidate],\n        definition,\n      });\n    }\n\n    return nextStage;\n  }\n\n  private toDefinition({\n    schema,\n    table,\n    columns,\n  }: {\n    schema: PgIdentifier;\n    table: PgIdentifier;\n    columns: RootIndexCandidate[];\n  }) {\n    const make = (col: Color, order: Color, _where: Color, _keyword: Color) => {\n      // TODO: refactor all of this class to accept PgIdentifiers\n      let fullyQualifiedTable: PgIdentifier;\n\n      if (schema.toString() === \"public\") {\n        fullyQualifiedTable = table;\n      } else {\n        fullyQualifiedTable = PgIdentifier.fromParts(schema, table);\n      }\n      const baseColumn = `${fullyQualifiedTable}(${columns\n        .map((c) => {\n          const column = PgIdentifier.fromString(c.column);\n          const direction = c.sort && this.sortDirection(c.sort);\n          const nulls = c.sort && this.nullsOrder(c.sort);\n          let sort = col(column.toString());\n          if (direction) {\n            sort += ` ${order(direction)}`;\n          }\n          if (nulls) {\n            sort += ` ${order(nulls)}`;\n          }\n          return sort;\n        })\n        .join(\", \")})`;\n      // TODO: add support for generating partial indexes\n      // if (clauses.length > 0) {\n      //   return `${baseColumn} ${where(\"where\")} ${clauses.join(\" and \")}`;\n      // }\n      return baseColumn;\n    };\n    const id: Color = (a) => a;\n    const raw = make(id, id, id, id);\n    const colored = make(green, yellow, magenta, blue);\n    return { raw, colored };\n  }\n\n  private toGinDefinition({\n    schema,\n    table,\n    column,\n    opclass,\n  }: {\n    schema: PgIdentifier;\n    table: PgIdentifier;\n    column: PgIdentifier;\n    opclass?: string;\n  }): string {\n    let fullyQualifiedTable: PgIdentifier;\n    if (schema.toString() === \"public\") {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = table;\n    } else {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = PgIdentifier.fromParts(schema, table);\n    }\n    const opclassSuffix = opclass ? ` ${opclass}` : \"\";\n    return `${fullyQualifiedTable} using gin (${column}${opclassSuffix})`;\n  }\n\n  private toExpressionDefinition({\n    schema,\n    table,\n    expression,\n  }: {\n    schema: PgIdentifier;\n    table: PgIdentifier;\n    expression: string;\n  }): string {\n    let fullyQualifiedTable: PgIdentifier;\n    if (schema.toString() === \"public\") {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = table;\n    } else {\n      fullyQualifiedTable = PgIdentifier.fromParts(schema, table);\n    }\n    return `${fullyQualifiedTable}((${expression}))`;\n  }\n\n  private groupGinCandidatesByColumn(candidates: RootIndexCandidate[]) {\n    const groups = new Map<\n      string,\n      {\n        schema: string;\n        table: string;\n        column: string;\n        operators: JsonbOperator[];\n      }\n    >();\n    for (const c of candidates) {\n      if (!c.jsonbOperator) continue;\n      const key = `${c.schema}.${c.table}.${c.column}`;\n      const existing = groups.get(key);\n      if (existing) {\n        if (!existing.operators.includes(c.jsonbOperator)) {\n          existing.operators.push(c.jsonbOperator);\n        }\n      } else {\n        groups.set(key, {\n          schema: c.schema,\n          table: c.table,\n          column: c.column,\n          operators: [c.jsonbOperator],\n        });\n      }\n    }\n    return groups;\n  }\n\n  private ginIndexAlreadyExists(\n    table: string,\n    column: string,\n  ): FullSchemaIndex | undefined {\n    return this.existingIndexes.find(\n      (index) =>\n        index.indexType === \"gin\" &&\n        index.tableName.toString() === table &&\n        index.keyColumns.some((c) => c.name.toString() === column),\n    );\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Drop indexes that can be dropped. Ignore the ones that can't\n   */\n  private async dropExistingIndexes(tx: PostgresTransaction) {\n    for (const index of this.existingIndexes) {\n      if (!isIndexProbablyDroppable(index)) {\n        continue;\n      }\n      const indexName = PgIdentifier.fromParts(\n        index.schemaName,\n        index.indexName,\n      );\n      await dropIndex(tx, indexName);\n    }\n  }\n\n  private whereClause(c: RootIndexCandidate, col: Color, keyword: Color) {\n    if (!c.where) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    if (c.where.nulltest === \"IS_NULL\") {\n      return `${col(`\"${c.column}\"`)} is ${keyword(\"null\")}`;\n    }\n    if (c.where.nulltest === \"IS_NOT_NULL\") {\n      return `${col(`\"${c.column}\"`)} is not ${keyword(\"null\")}`;\n    }\n    return \"\";\n  }\n\n  private nullsOrder(s: SortContext) {\n    if (!s.nulls) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    switch (s.nulls) {\n      case \"SORTBY_NULLS_FIRST\":\n        return \"nulls first\";\n      case \"SORTBY_NULLS_LAST\":\n        return \"nulls last\";\n      case \"SORTBY_NULLS_DEFAULT\":\n      default:\n        return \"\";\n    }\n  }\n\n  private sortDirection(s: SortContext) {\n    if (!s.dir) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    switch (s.dir) {\n      case \"SORTBY_DESC\":\n        return \"desc\";\n      case \"SORTBY_ASC\":\n        return \"asc\";\n      case \"SORTBY_DEFAULT\":\n      // god help us if we ever run into this\n      case \"SORTBY_USING\":\n      default:\n        return \"\";\n    }\n  }\n\n  async testQueryWithStats(\n    builder: PostgresQueryBuilder,\n    f?: (tx: PostgresTransaction) => Promise<void>,\n    options?: { params?: unknown[]; genericPlan?: boolean },\n  ): Promise<{ Plan: PostgresExplainStage }> {\n    try {\n      await this.db.transaction(async (tx) => {\n        await f?.(tx);\n        await this.statistics.restoreStats(tx);\n        const flags = [\"format json\"];\n        if (options && !options.genericPlan) {\n          flags.push(\"analyze\");\n          if (this.config.trace) {\n            // trace can only be used alongside analyze\n            // since it depends on the results of the query execution\n            flags.push(\"trace\");\n          }\n        } else {\n          flags.push(\"generic_plan\");\n        }\n        const { commands, query } = builder\n          .introspect()\n          .explain(flags)\n          .buildParts();\n        // this is done in a separate step to prevent sending multiple commands when using parameters\n        await tx.exec(commands);\n        const result = await tx.exec<PostgresExplainResult>(\n          query,\n          options?.params,\n        );\n        const explain = result[0][\"QUERY PLAN\"][0];\n        throw new RollbackError(explain);\n      });\n    } catch (error) {\n      if (error instanceof RollbackError) {\n        return error.value;\n      }\n      throw error;\n    }\n    throw new Error(\"Unreachable\");\n  }\n\n  private groupPotentialIndexColumnsByTable(indexes: RootIndexCandidate[]) {\n    const tableColumns: Map<\n      string,\n      { schema: string; table: string; columns: RootIndexCandidate[] }\n    > = new Map();\n    for (const index of indexes) {\n      const existing = tableColumns.get(`${index.schema}.${index.table}`);\n      if (existing) {\n        existing.columns.push(index);\n      } else {\n        tableColumns.set(`${index.schema}.${index.table}`, {\n          table: index.table,\n          schema: index.schema,\n          columns: [index],\n        });\n      }\n    }\n    return tableColumns;\n  }\n\n  private findUsedIndexes(explain: Record<string, any>) {\n    const newIndexes: Set<string> = new Set();\n    const existingIndexes: Set<string> = new Set();\n    const prefix = IndexOptimizer.prefix;\n    walkExplain(explain, (stage) => {\n      const indexName = stage[\"Index Name\"];\n      if (indexName) {\n        // Check for prefix at start or embedded (for hypertable chunk indexes like _hyper_1_1_chunk___qd_xxx)\n        if (indexName.startsWith(prefix)) {\n          newIndexes.add(indexName);\n        } else if (indexName.includes(prefix)) {\n          // Extract the actual index name from chunk-prefixed names (e.g., _hyper_1_1_chunk___qd_xxx -> __qd_xxx)\n          const actualName = indexName.substring(indexName.indexOf(prefix));\n          newIndexes.add(actualName);\n        } else {\n          existingIndexes.add(indexName);\n        }\n      }\n    });\n    return {\n      newIndexes,\n      existingIndexes,\n    };\n  }\n\n  private replaceUsedIndexesWithDefinition(\n    explain: Record<string, any>,\n    triedIndexes: Map<string, IndexRecommendation>,\n  ) {\n    walkExplain(explain, (stage) => {\n      const indexName = stage[\"Index Name\"];\n      if (typeof indexName === \"string\") {\n        const recommendation = triedIndexes.get(indexName);\n        if (recommendation) {\n          stage[\"Index Name\"] = recommendation.definition;\n        }\n      }\n    });\n  }\n}\n\nfunction walkExplain(explain: Record<string, any>, f: (stage: any) => void) {\n  function go(plan: any) {\n    f(plan);\n    if (plan.Plans) {\n      for (const p of plan.Plans) {\n        go(p);\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  go(explain);\n}\n\nexport type OptimizeResult =\n  | {\n      kind: \"ok\";\n      baseExplainPlan: PostgresExplainStage;\n      baseCost: number;\n      finalCost: number;\n      newIndexes: Set<string>;\n      existingIndexes: Set<string>;\n      triedIndexes: Map<string, IndexRecommendation>;\n      explainPlan: PostgresExplainStage;\n    }\n  | {\n      kind: \"zero_cost_plan\";\n      explainPlan: PostgresExplainStage;\n    };\n\nclass RollbackError<T> {\n  constructor(public readonly value?: T) {}\n}\n\nexport type RootIndexCandidate = {\n  schema: string;\n  table: string;\n  column: string;\n  sort?: SortContext;\n  where?: { nulltest?: NullTestType };\n  jsonbOperator?: JsonbOperator;\n  jsonbExtraction?: string;\n};\n\nexport type PermutedIndexCandidate = {\n  schema: string;\n  table: string;\n  columns: RootIndexCandidate[];\n  // TODO: functional indexes\n  where?: string;\n  indexMethod?: \"btree\" | \"gin\";\n  opclass?: string;\n};\n\nexport const PROCEED = Symbol(\"PROCEED\");\nexport const SKIP = Symbol(\"SKIP\");\n"],"mappings":";;;;;;;;;AA+BA,IAAa,iBAAb,MAAa,eAAe;CAG1B,YACE,IACA,YACA,iBACA,SAGI,EAAE,EACN;AAPiB,OAAA,KAAA;AACA,OAAA,aAAA;AACT,OAAA,kBAAA;AACS,OAAA,SAAA;;CAMnB,MAAM,IACJ,SACA,SACA,aACyB;EACzB,MAAM,cAAc,MAAM,KAAK,mBAAmB,SAAS,OAAO,OAAO;AACvE,OAAI,YACF,OAAM,YAAY,GAAG;IAEvB;EACF,MAAM,WAAmB,OAAO,YAAY,KAAK,cAAc;AAC/D,MAAI,aAAa,EACf,QAAO;GACL,MAAM;GACN,aAAa,YAAY;GAC1B;EAEH,MAAM,WAAW,KAAK,gBAAgB,QAAQ;AAC9C,MAAI,SAAS,WAAW,GAAG;GAGzB,MAAM,cAAc,KAAK,gBAAgB,YAAY,KAAK;AAC1D,UAAO;IACL,MAAM;IACN;IACA,WAAW;IACX,4BAAY,IAAI,KAAa;IAC7B,iBAAiB,YAAY;IAC7B,8BAAc,IAAI,KAAK;IACvB,iBAAiB,YAAY;IAC7B,aAAa,YAAY;IAC1B;;AAEH,OAAK,WAAW,qBAAqB,SAAS;EAC9C,MAAM,eAAe,MAAM,KAAK,mBAAmB,SAAS,OAAO,OAAO;AACxE,OAAI,YACF,OAAM,YAAY,GAAG;AAIvB,QAAK,MAAM,eAAe,UAAU;IAClC,MAAM,cAAc,qBAAqB,YACvC,YAAY,YACZ,YAAY,KACb,CACE,YAAY,CACZ,OAAO;AAEV,UAAM,GAAG,KAAK,YAAY;;IAE5B;AACF,OAAK,WAAW,qBAAqB,EAAE,CAAC;EACxC,MAAM,YAAY,OAAO,aAAa,KAAK,cAAc;AACzD,MAAI,KAAK,OAAO,MACd,SAAQ,IAAI,cAAc,EAAE,OAAO,MAAM,CAAC;EAE5C,MAAM,mBAAoB,WAAW,aAAa,WAAY;AAC9D,MAAI,YAAY,SACd,SAAQ,IACN,WAAW,MAAM,IAAI,gBAAgB,QAAQ,EAAE,CAAC,SAAS,GAAG,IAAI,CAAC,GAAG,GACrE;WACQ,YAAY,SACrB,SAAQ,IACN,GAAG,IACD,IAAI,KAAK,IAAI,gBAAgB,CAAC,QAAQ,EAAE,CAAC,SAAS,GAAG,IAAI,CAAC,GAC3D,CAAC,GAAG,KAAK,iDAAiD,GAC5D;EAEH,MAAM,cAAc,KAAK,gBAAgB,YAAY,KAAK;EAC1D,MAAM,eAAe,KAAK,gBAAgB,aAAa,KAAK;EAC5D,MAAM,eAAe,IAAI,IACvB,SAAS,KAAK,UAAU,CAAC,MAAM,KAAK,UAAU,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC,CACxD;AACD,OAAK,iCAAiC,aAAa,MAAM,aAAa;AAEtE,SAAO;GACL,MAAM;GACN;GACA;GACA,YAAY,aAAa;GACzB,iBAAiB,YAAY;GAC7B;GACA,iBAAiB,YAAY;GAC7B,aAAa,aAAa;GAC3B;;CAGH,MAAM,kBAAkB,SAA+B;AACrD,SAAO,MAAM,KAAK,mBAAmB,SAAS,OAAO,OAAO;AAC1D,SAAM,KAAK,oBAAoB,GAAG;IAClC;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;CAgBJ,iBAAiB,GAAsD;EACrE,MAAM,aAAa,EAAE,KAAK,gBAAgB;AAC1C,OAAK,kBAAkB;AACvB,SAAO;;;;;;;CAQT,YAAkC;EAChC,MAAM,YACJ,eAAe,SAAS,KAAK,QAAQ,CAAC,SAAS,GAAG,CAAC,UAAU,GAAG,GAAG;AACrE,SAAO,aAAa,WAAW,UAAU;;CAI3C,mBACE,OACA,SAC6B;AAC7B,SAAO,KAAK,gBAAgB,MACzB,UACC,MAAM,cAAc,WACpB,MAAM,UAAU,UAAU,KAAK,SAC/B,MAAM,WAAW,WAAW,QAAQ,UACpC,MAAM,WAAW,OAAO,GAAG,MAAM;AAC/B,OAAI,QAAQ,GAAG,WAAW,EAAE,KAAK,UAAU,CACzC,QAAO;AAKT,OAAI,QAAQ,GAAG,MACb,QAAO;AAGT,OAAI,QAAQ,GAAG,KACb,SAAQ,QAAQ,GAAG,KAAK,KAAxB;IAEE,KAAK;IACL,KAAK;AACH,SAAI,EAAE,UAAU,MACd,QAAO;AAET;IACF,KAAK;AACH,SAAI,EAAE,UAAU,OACd,QAAO;AAET;;AAGN,UAAO;IACP,CACL;;;;;CAMH,gBACE,gBACiB;EACjB,MAAM,uBAAuB,eAAe,QACzC,MAAM,EAAE,gBACV;EACD,MAAM,kBAAkB,eAAe,QACpC,MAAM,CAAC,EAAE,iBAAiB,CAAC,EAAE,gBAC/B;EACD,MAAM,gBAAgB,eAAe,QAAQ,MAAM,EAAE,cAAc;EAEnE,MAAM,YAA6B,EAAE;EAErC,MAAM,kBACJ,KAAK,kCAAkC,gBAAgB;AACzD,OAAK,MAAM,eAAe,gBAAgB,QAAQ,EAAE;GAClD,MAAM,EAAE,OAAO,UAAU,QAAQ,WAAW,YAAY;GACxD,MAAM,eAAe,iCAAiC,QAAQ;AAC9D,QAAK,MAAM,WAAW,cAAc;IAGlC,MAAM,SAAS,aAAa,WAAW,UAAU;IACjD,MAAM,QAAQ,aAAa,WAAW,SAAS;AAK/C,QAJsB,KAAK,mBACzB,MAAM,UAAU,EAChB,QACD,CAEC;IAEF,MAAM,YAAY,KAAK,WAAW;IAElC,MAAM,aAAa,KAAK,aAAa;KAAE;KAAO;KAAQ;KAAS,CAAC,CAAC;AAEjE,cAAU,KAAK;KACb,MAAM;KACN,QAAQ,OAAO,UAAU;KACzB,OAAO,MAAM,UAAU;KACvB;KACA;KACD,CAAC;;;EAIN,MAAM,YAAY,KAAK,2BAA2B,cAAc;AAChE,OAAK,MAAM,SAAS,UAAU,QAAQ,EAAE;GACtC,MAAM,EAAE,QAAQ,WAAW,OAAO,UAAU,QAAQ,cAAc;GAClE,MAAM,SAAS,aAAa,WAAW,UAAU;GACjD,MAAM,QAAQ,aAAa,WAAW,SAAS;GAK/C,MAAM,UADe,UAAU,MAAM,OAAO,OAAO,KAAK,GACzB,KAAA,IAAY;AAG3C,OADoB,KAAK,sBAAsB,MAAM,UAAU,EAAE,OAAO,CAEtE;GAGF,MAAM,YAAY,KAAK,WAAW;GAClC,MAAM,YAAgC;IACpC,QAAQ;IACR,OAAO;IACP;IACD;GACD,MAAM,aAAa,KAAK,gBAAgB;IACtC;IACA;IACA,QAAQ,aAAa,WAAW,OAAO;IACvC;IACD,CAAC;AAEF,aAAU,KAAK;IACb,MAAM;IACN,QAAQ,OAAO,UAAU;IACzB,OAAO,MAAM,UAAU;IACvB,SAAS,CAAC,UAAU;IACpB;IACA,aAAa;IACb;IACD,CAAC;;EAIJ,MAAM,kCAAkB,IAAI,KAAa;AACzC,OAAK,MAAM,aAAa,sBAAsB;GAC5C,MAAM,aAAa,UAAU;GAC7B,MAAM,MAAM,GAAG,UAAU,OAAO,GAAG,UAAU,MAAM,GAAG;AACtD,OAAI,gBAAgB,IAAI,IAAI,CAAE;AAC9B,mBAAgB,IAAI,IAAI;GAExB,MAAM,SAAS,aAAa,WAAW,UAAU,OAAO;GACxD,MAAM,QAAQ,aAAa,WAAW,UAAU,MAAM;GACtD,MAAM,YAAY,KAAK,WAAW;GAClC,MAAM,aAAa,KAAK,uBAAuB;IAC7C;IACA;IACA;IACD,CAAC;AAEF,aAAU,KAAK;IACb,MAAM;IACN,QAAQ,OAAO,UAAU;IACzB,OAAO,MAAM,UAAU;IACvB,SAAS,CAAC,UAAU;IACpB;IACD,CAAC;;AAGJ,SAAO;;CAGT,aAAqB,EACnB,QACA,OACA,WAKC;EACD,MAAM,QAAQ,KAAY,OAAc,QAAe,aAAoB;GAEzE,IAAI;AAEJ,OAAI,OAAO,UAAU,KAAK,SACxB,uBAAsB;OAEtB,uBAAsB,aAAa,UAAU,QAAQ,MAAM;AAqB7D,UAnBmB,GAAG,oBAAoB,GAAG,QAC1C,KAAK,MAAM;IACV,MAAM,SAAS,aAAa,WAAW,EAAE,OAAO;IAChD,MAAM,YAAY,EAAE,QAAQ,KAAK,cAAc,EAAE,KAAK;IACtD,MAAM,QAAQ,EAAE,QAAQ,KAAK,WAAW,EAAE,KAAK;IAC/C,IAAI,OAAO,IAAI,OAAO,UAAU,CAAC;AACjC,QAAI,UACF,SAAQ,IAAI,MAAM,UAAU;AAE9B,QAAI,MACF,SAAQ,IAAI,MAAM,MAAM;AAE1B,WAAO;KACP,CACD,KAAK,KAAK,CAAC;;EAOhB,MAAM,MAAa,MAAM;AAGzB,SAAO;GAAE,KAFG,KAAK,IAAI,IAAI,IAAI,GAAG;GAElB,SADE,KAAK,OAAO,QAAQ,SAAS,KAAK;GAC3B;;CAGzB,gBAAwB,EACtB,QACA,OACA,QACA,WAMS;EACT,IAAI;AACJ,MAAI,OAAO,UAAU,KAAK,SACxB,uBAAsB;MAEtB,uBAAsB,aAAa,UAAU,QAAQ,MAAM;EAE7D,MAAM,gBAAgB,UAAU,IAAI,YAAY;AAChD,SAAO,GAAG,oBAAoB,cAAc,SAAS,cAAc;;CAGrE,uBAA+B,EAC7B,QACA,OACA,cAKS;EACT,IAAI;AACJ,MAAI,OAAO,UAAU,KAAK,SACxB,uBAAsB;MAEtB,uBAAsB,aAAa,UAAU,QAAQ,MAAM;AAE7D,SAAO,GAAG,oBAAoB,IAAI,WAAW;;CAG/C,2BAAmC,YAAkC;EACnE,MAAM,yBAAS,IAAI,KAQhB;AACH,OAAK,MAAM,KAAK,YAAY;AAC1B,OAAI,CAAC,EAAE,cAAe;GACtB,MAAM,MAAM,GAAG,EAAE,OAAO,GAAG,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,EAAE;GACxC,MAAM,WA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package/dist/optimizer/statistics.cjs

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 const require_runtime = require("../_virtual/_rolldown/runtime.cjs");
 const require_defineProperty = require("../_virtual/_@oxc-project_runtime@0.126.0/helpers/defineProperty.cjs");
 const require_pg_identifier = require("../sql/pg-identifier.cjs");
-let colorette = require("colorette");
 let zod = require("zod");
+let colorette = require("colorette");
 let dedent = require("dedent");
 dedent = require_runtime.__toESM(dedent, 1);
 //#region src/optimizer/statistics.ts
@@ -608,66 +608,6 @@ var Statistics = class Statistics {
 		const stats = await db.exec(DUMP_STATS_SQL);
 		return zod.z.array(ExportedStats).parse(stats[0].json_agg ?? []);
 	}
-	/**
-	* Returns all indexes in the database.
-	* ONLY handles regular btree indexes
-	*/
-	async getExistingIndexes() {
-		return await this.db.exec(`
-      WITH partitioned_tables AS (
-          SELECT
-              inhparent::regclass AS parent_table,
-              inhrelid::regclass AS partition_table
-          FROM
-              pg_inherits
-      )
-      SELECT
-          n.nspname AS schema_name,
-          COALESCE(pt.parent_table::text, t.relname) AS table_name,
-          i.relname AS index_name,
-          ix.indisprimary as is_primary,
-          ix.indisunique as is_unique,
-          am.amname AS index_type,
-          array_agg(
-              CASE
-                  -- Handle regular columns
-                  WHEN a.attname IS NOT NULL THEN
-                    json_build_object('name', a.attname, 'order',
-                      CASE
-                          WHEN (indoption[array_position(ix.indkey, a.attnum)] & 1) = 1 THEN 'DESC'
-                          ELSE 'ASC'
-                      END,
-                      'opclass', CASE WHEN opc.opcdefault THEN NULL ELSE opc.opcname END)
-                  -- Handle expressions
-                  ELSE
-                      json_build_object('name', pg_get_expr((ix.indexprs)::pg_node_tree, t.oid), 'order',
-                      CASE
-                          WHEN (indoption[array_position(ix.indkey, k.attnum)] & 1) = 1 THEN 'DESC'
-                          ELSE 'ASC'
-                      END,
-                      'opclass', CASE WHEN opc.opcdefault THEN NULL ELSE opc.opcname END)
-              END
-              ORDER BY array_position(ix.indkey, k.attnum)
-          ) AS index_columns
-      FROM
-          pg_class t
-          LEFT JOIN partitioned_tables pt ON t.oid = pt.partition_table
-          JOIN pg_index ix ON t.oid = ix.indrelid
-          JOIN pg_class i ON i.oid = ix.indexrelid
-          JOIN pg_am am ON i.relam = am.oid
-          LEFT JOIN LATERAL unnest(ix.indkey) WITH ORDINALITY k(attnum, ordinality) ON true
-          LEFT JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attnum = k.attnum AND a.attrelid = t.oid
-          LEFT JOIN pg_opclass opc ON opc.oid = ix.indclass[k.ordinality - 1]
-          JOIN pg_namespace n ON t.relnamespace = n.oid
-      WHERE
-          n.nspname not like 'pg_%' and
-          n.nspname <> 'information_schema'
-      GROUP BY
-          n.nspname, COALESCE(pt.parent_table::text, t.relname), i.relname, am.amname, ix.indisprimary, ix.indisunique
-      ORDER BY
-          COALESCE(pt.parent_table::text, t.relname), i.relname; -- @qd_introspection
-      `);
-	}
 };
 require_defineProperty._defineProperty(Statistics, "defaultStatsMode", Object.freeze({
 	kind: "fromAssumption",

package/dist/optimizer/statistics.cjs.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"statistics.cjs","names":["z","PgIdentifier"],"sources":["../../src/optimizer/statistics.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import { gray } from \"colorette\";\nimport dedent from \"dedent\";\nimport { z } from \"zod\";\nimport type {\n  Postgres,\n  PostgresTransaction,\n  PostgresVersion,\n} from \"../sql/database.ts\";\nimport { PgIdentifier } from \"../sql/pg-identifier.js\";\nimport type { IndexToCreate } from \"./genalgo.js\";\n\ntype StaValueKind = \"real\" | \"text\" | \"boolean\" | null;\n\nexport type Path = string;\n\nexport const StatisticsSource = z.union([\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"path\"),\n    path: z.string().min(1),\n  }),\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"inline\"),\n  }),\n]);\n\nexport const ExportedStatsStatistics = z.object({\n  stawidth: z.number(),\n  stainherit: z.boolean().default(false),\n  // 0 representing unknown\n  stadistinct: z.number(),\n  // this has no \"nullable\" state\n  stanullfrac: z.number(),\n  stakind1: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind2: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind3: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind4: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind5: z.number().min(0),\n  staop1: z.string(),\n  staop2: z.string(),\n  staop3: z.string(),\n  staop4: z.string(),\n  staop5: z.string(),\n  stacoll1: z.string(),\n  stacoll2: z.string(),\n  stacoll3: z.string(),\n  stacoll4: z.string(),\n  stacoll5: z.string(),\n  stanumbers1: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers2: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers3: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers4: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers5: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  // theoretically... this could only be strings and numbers\n  // but we don't have a crystal ball\n  stavalues1: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues2: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues3: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues4: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues5: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n});\n\nexport const ExportedStatsColumns = z.object({\n  columnName: z.string(),\n  attlen: z.number().nullable(),\n  dataType: z.string().optional(),\n  stats: ExportedStatsStatistics.nullable(),\n});\n\nexport const ExportedStatsIndex = z.object({\n  indexName: z.string(),\n  amname: z.string().default(\"btree\"),\n  relpages: z.number(),\n  reltuples: z.number(),\n  relallvisible: z.number(),\n  relallfrozen: z.number().optional(),\n  fillfactor: z.number().default(90),\n  columns: z.array(z.object({ attlen: z.number().nullable() })).default([]),\n});\n\n// This should match the output of the `_qd_dump_stats` function in the analyzer README.md\n// Need to make sure this is versioned to accept ALL potential outputs from every version of\n// dump functions we make public\nexport const ExportedStatsV1 = z.object({\n  tableName: z.string(),\n  schemaName: z.string(),\n  // can be negative\n  relpages: z.number(),\n  // can be negative\n  reltuples: z.number(),\n  relallvisible: z.number(),\n  // only postgres 18+\n  relallfrozen: z.number().optional(),\n  columns: z.array(ExportedStatsColumns).default([]),\n  indexes: z.array(ExportedStatsIndex),\n});\n\nexport const ExportedStats = z.union([ExportedStatsV1]);\n\nexport type ExportedStats = z.infer<typeof ExportedStats>;\n\nexport const StatisticsMode = z.discriminatedUnion(\"kind\", [\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"fromAssumption\"),\n    reltuples: z.number().min(0),\n  }),\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"fromStatisticsExport\"),\n    stats: z.array(ExportedStats),\n    source: StatisticsSource,\n  }),\n]);\n\nexport type StatisticsMode = z.infer<typeof StatisticsMode>;\n\nexport const ComputedColumnStats = z.object({\n  schema_name: z.string(),\n  table_name: z.string(),\n  column_name: z.string(),\n  data_type: z.string().optional(),\n  stainherit: z.boolean(),\n  stanullfrac: z.number(),\n  stawidth: z.number(),\n  stadistinct: z.number(),\n  stakind1: z.number(),\n  stakind2: z.number(),\n  stakind3: z.number(),\n  stakind4: z.number(),\n  stakind5: z.number(),\n  staop1: z.string(),\n  staop2: z.string(),\n  staop3: z.string(),\n  staop4: z.string(),\n  staop5: z.string(),\n  stacoll1: z.string(),\n  stacoll2: z.string(),\n  stacoll3: z.string(),\n  stacoll4: z.string(),\n  stacoll5: z.string(),\n  stanumbers1: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers2: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers3: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers4: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers5: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stavalues1: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues2: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues3: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues4: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues5: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  _value_type1: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type2: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type3: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type4: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type5: z.string().nullable(),\n});\n\nexport type ComputedColumnStats = z.infer<typeof ComputedColumnStats>;\n\nexport const ComputedReltuples = z.object({\n  relname: z.string(),\n  schema_name: z.string(),\n  reltuples: z.number(),\n  relpages: z.number(),\n  relallvisible: z.number(),\n  relallfrozen: z.number().optional(),\n});\n\nexport type ComputedReltuples = z.infer<typeof ComputedReltuples>;\n\nexport const ComputedStats = z.object({\n  columnStats: z.array(ComputedColumnStats),\n  reltuples: z.array(ComputedReltuples),\n});\n\nexport type ComputedStats = z.infer<typeof ComputedStats>;\n\nconst DEFAULT_RELTUPLES = 10_000_000;\nconst DEFAULT_RELPAGES = 1;\n// it's _very_ rare that the default page size is ever changed\nconst DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE = 2 ** 13;\n\nfunction estimateStawidth(col: { attlen?: number | null }): number {\n  return col.attlen ?? 32;\n}\n\nfunction estimateRelpages(\n  reltuples: number,\n  columns: { attlen: number | null }[],\n): number {\n  const rowWidth =\n    // 23 byte tuple header + 4 bytes alignment/null bitmap\n    columns.reduce((sum, col) => sum + estimateStawidth(col), 0) + 27;\n  return Math.ceil((reltuples * rowWidth) / DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE);\n}\n\nfunction estimateIndexRelpages(\n  reltuples: number,\n  columns: { attlen: number | null }[],\n  fillfactor: number,\n  amname: string,\n  tableRelpages: number,\n): number {\n  if (amname === \"gin\") {\n    // GIN has an inverted structure; distinct element counts per row are unknown\n    // without real data, so fall back to a ratio of the table page count\n    return Math.ceil(tableRelpages * 0.3);\n  }\n  // 16 bytes btree entry overhead per key in addition to the key width\n  const keyWidth = columns.reduce(\n    (sum, col) => sum + estimateStawidth(col) + 16,\n    0,\n  );\n  return Math.ceil((reltuples * keyWidth) / DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE / fillfactor);\n}\n\nexport const DUMP_STATS_SQL = dedent`\n  WITH table_columns AS (\n    SELECT\n      cl.relname,\n      n.nspname,\n      cl.reltuples,\n      cl.relpages,\n      cl.relallvisible,\n      -- cl.relallfrozen,\n      json_agg(\n        json_build_object(\n          'columnName', a.attname,\n          'attlen', CASE WHEN a.attlen > 0 THEN a.attlen ELSE NULL END,\n          'dataType', t.typname,\n          'stats', (\n            SELECT json_build_object(\n              'starelid', s.starelid,\n              'staattnum', s.staattnum,\n              'stanullfrac', s.stanullfrac,\n              'stawidth', s.stawidth,\n              'stadistinct', s.stadistinct,\n              'stakind1', s.stakind1, 'staop1', s.staop1, 'stacoll1', s.stacoll1, 'stanumbers1', s.stanumbers1,\n              'stakind2', s.stakind2, 'staop2', s.staop2, 'stacoll2', s.stacoll2, 'stanumbers2', s.stanumbers2,\n              'stakind3', s.stakind3, 'staop3', s.staop3, 'stacoll3', s.stacoll3, 'stanumbers3', s.stanumbers3,\n              'stakind4', s.stakind4, 'staop4', s.staop4, 'stacoll4', s.stacoll4, 'stanumbers4', s.stanumbers4,\n              'stakind5', s.stakind5, 'staop5', s.staop5, 'stacoll5', s.stacoll5, 'stanumbers5', s.stanumbers5,\n              'stavalues1', s.stavalues1,\n              'stavalues2', s.stavalues2,\n              'stavalues3', s.stavalues3,\n              'stavalues4', s.stavalues4,\n              'stavalues5', s.stavalues5\n            )\n            FROM pg_statistic s\n            WHERE s.starelid = a.attrelid AND s.staattnum = a.attnum\n          )\n        )\n        ORDER BY a.attnum\n      ) AS columns\n    FROM pg_class cl\n    JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = cl.relnamespace\n    JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = cl.oid AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped\n    JOIN pg_type t ON t.oid = a.atttypid\n    WHERE cl.relkind = 'r'\n      AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema', 'tiger', 'tiger_data', 'topology')\n      AND cl.relname NOT IN ('pg_stat_statements', 'pg_stat_statements_info')\n    GROUP BY cl.relname, n.nspname, cl.reltuples, cl.relpages, cl.relallvisible\n  ),\n  table_indexes AS (\n    SELECT\n      t.relname AS table_name,\n      json_agg(\n        json_build_object(\n          'indexName', i.relname,\n          'amname', am.amname,\n          'reltuples', i.reltuples,\n          'relpages', i.relpages,\n          'relallvisible', i.relallvisible,\n          -- 'relallfrozen', i.relallfrozen,\n          'fillfactor', COALESCE(\n            (\n              SELECT (regexp_match(opt, 'fillfactor=(\\\\d+)'))[1]::integer\n              FROM unnest(i.reloptions) AS opt\n              WHERE opt LIKE 'fillfactor=%'\n              LIMIT 1\n            ),\n            90\n          ),\n          'columns', COALESCE(\n            (\n              SELECT json_agg(json_build_object(\n                'attlen', CASE WHEN a.attlen > 0 THEN a.attlen ELSE NULL END\n              ) ORDER BY col_pos.ord)\n              FROM unnest(ix.indkey) WITH ORDINALITY AS col_pos(attnum, ord)\n              JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid AND a.attnum = col_pos.attnum\n              WHERE col_pos.attnum > 0\n            ),\n            '[]'::json\n          )\n        )\n      ) AS indexes\n    FROM pg_class t\n    JOIN pg_index ix ON ix.indrelid = t.oid\n    JOIN pg_class i ON i.oid = ix.indexrelid\n    JOIN pg_am am ON am.oid = i.relam\n    JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace\n    WHERE t.relname NOT LIKE 'pg_%'\n      AND n.nspname <> 'information_schema'\n      AND n.nspname NOT IN ('tiger', 'tiger_data', 'topology')\n    GROUP BY t.relname\n  )\n  SELECT json_agg(\n    json_build_object(\n      'tableName', tc.relname,\n      'schemaName', tc.nspname,\n      'reltuples', tc.reltuples,\n      'relpages', tc.relpages,\n      'relallvisible', tc.relallvisible,\n      -- 'relallfrozen', tc.relallfrozen,\n      'columns', COALESCE(tc.columns, '[]'::json),\n      'indexes', COALESCE(ti.indexes, '[]'::json)\n    )\n  )\n  FROM table_columns tc\n  LEFT JOIN table_indexes ti\n    ON ti.table_name = tc.relname\n`;\n\nexport class Statistics {\n  readonly mode: StatisticsMode;\n  readonly computedStats: ComputedStats;\n  private readonly exportedMetadata: ExportedStats[] | undefined;\n  private additionalIndexes: IndexToCreate[] = [];\n  // preventing accidental internal mutations\n  static readonly defaultStatsMode: StatisticsMode = Object.freeze({\n    kind: \"fromAssumption\",\n    reltuples: DEFAULT_RELTUPLES,\n  });\n  constructor(\n    private readonly db: Postgres,\n    public readonly postgresVersion: PostgresVersion,\n    public readonly ownMetadata: ExportedStats[],\n    statsMode: StatisticsMode,\n  ) {\n    if (statsMode) {\n      this.mode = statsMode;\n      if (statsMode.kind === \"fromStatisticsExport\") {\n        this.exportedMetadata = statsMode.stats;\n      }\n    } else {\n      this.mode = Statistics.defaultStatsMode;\n    }\n    this.computedStats = this.buildComputedStats();\n  }\n\n  setAdditionalIndexes(additionalIndexes: IndexToCreate[]): void {\n    this.additionalIndexes = additionalIndexes;\n  }\n\n  private buildComputedStats(): ComputedStats {\n    const columnStats: ComputedColumnStats[] = [];\n    const reltuples: ComputedReltuples[] = [];\n\n    for (const table of this.ownMetadata) {\n      const targetTable = this.exportedMetadata?.find(\n        (m) =>\n          m.tableName === table.tableName && m.schemaName === table.schemaName,\n      );\n      const target = targetTable?.columns ?? table.columns;\n\n      for (const column of target) {\n        const { stats } = column;\n        if (!stats || this.mode.kind === \"fromAssumption\") {\n          const stawidth = stats?.stawidth || estimateStawidth(column);\n          columnStats.push({\n            schema_name: table.schemaName,\n            table_name: table.tableName,\n            column_name: column.columnName,\n            data_type: column.dataType,\n            stainherit: false,\n            stanullfrac: 0.04,\n            stawidth,\n            stadistinct: -0.9,\n            stakind1: 0,\n            stakind2: 0,\n            stakind3: 3,\n            stakind4: 0,\n            stakind5: 0,\n            stacoll1: \"0\",\n            stacoll2: \"0\",\n            stacoll3: \"0\",\n            stacoll4: \"0\",\n            stacoll5: \"0\",\n            staop1: \"0\",\n            staop2: \"0\",\n            staop3: \"0\",\n            staop4: \"0\",\n            staop5: \"0\",\n            stanumbers1: null,\n            stanumbers2: null,\n            stanumbers3: [0.9],\n            stanumbers4: null,\n            stanumbers5: null,\n            stavalues1: null,\n            stavalues2: null,\n            stavalues3: null,\n            stavalues4: null,\n            stavalues5: null,\n            _value_type1: \"real\",\n            _value_type2: \"real\",\n            _value_type3: \"real\",\n            _value_type4: \"real\",\n            _value_type5: \"real\",\n          });\n        } else {\n          columnStats.push({\n            schema_name: table.schemaName,\n            table_name: table.tableName,\n            column_name: column.columnName,\n            data_type: column.dataType,\n            stainherit: stats.stainherit ?? false,\n            stanullfrac: stats.stanullfrac,\n            stawidth: stats.stawidth,\n            stadistinct: stats.stadistinct,\n            stakind1: stats.stakind1,\n            stakind2: stats.stakind2,\n            stakind3: stats.stakind3,\n            stakind4: stats.stakind4,\n            stakind5: stats.stakind5,\n            staop1: stats.staop1,\n            staop2: stats.staop2,\n            staop3: stats.staop3,\n            staop4: stats.staop4,\n            staop5: stats.staop5,\n            stacoll1: stats.stacoll1,\n            stacoll2: stats.stacoll2,\n            stacoll3: stats.stacoll3,\n            stacoll4: stats.stacoll4,\n            stacoll5: stats.stacoll5,\n            stanumbers1: stats.stanumbers1,\n            stanumbers2: stats.stanumbers2,\n            stanumbers3: stats.stanumbers3,\n            stanumbers4: stats.stanumbers4,\n            stanumbers5: stats.stanumbers5,\n            stavalues1: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues1),\n            stavalues2: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues2),\n            stavalues3: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues3),\n            stavalues4: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues4),\n            stavalues5: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues5),\n            _value_type1: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues1),\n            ),\n            _value_type2: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues2),\n            ),\n            _value_type3: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues3),\n            ),\n            _value_type4: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues4),\n            ),\n            _value_type5: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues5),\n            ),\n          });\n        }\n      }\n\n      let tableReltuples: number;\n      let tableRelpages: number;\n      let relallvisible = 0;\n      let relallfrozen: number | undefined;\n\n      if (this.mode.kind === \"fromAssumption\") {\n        tableReltuples = this.mode.reltuples;\n        tableRelpages = estimateRelpages(tableReltuples, table.columns);\n      } else if (targetTable) {\n        tableReltuples = targetTable.reltuples;\n        tableRelpages = targetTable.relpages;\n        relallvisible = targetTable.relallvisible;\n        relallfrozen = targetTable.relallfrozen;\n      } else {\n        tableReltuples = DEFAULT_RELTUPLES;\n        tableRelpages = DEFAULT_RELPAGES;\n      }\n\n      reltuples.push({\n        relname: table.tableName,\n        schema_name: table.schemaName,\n        reltuples: tableReltuples,\n        relpages: tableRelpages,\n        relallfrozen,\n        relallvisible,\n      });\n\n      if (this.mode.kind === \"fromAssumption\") {\n        for (const index of table.indexes) {\n          const indexRelpages = estimateIndexRelpages(\n            this.mode.reltuples,\n            index.columns,\n            index.fillfactor / 100,\n            index.amname,\n            tableRelpages,\n          );\n          reltuples.push({\n            relname: index.indexName,\n            schema_name: table.schemaName,\n            reltuples: this.mode.reltuples,\n            relpages: indexRelpages,\n            relallfrozen: 0,\n            relallvisible: indexRelpages,\n          });\n        }\n      } else if (targetTable) {\n        for (const index of targetTable.indexes) {\n          reltuples.push({\n            relname: index.indexName,\n            schema_name: targetTable.schemaName,\n            reltuples: index.reltuples,\n            relpages: index.relpages,\n            relallfrozen: index.relallfrozen,\n            relallvisible: index.relallvisible,\n          });\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    return { columnStats, reltuples };\n  }\n\n  static statsModeFromAssumption({\n    reltuples,\n  }: {\n    reltuples: number;\n  }): StatisticsMode {\n    return {\n      kind: \"fromAssumption\",\n      reltuples,\n    };\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create a statistic mode from stats exported from another database\n   **/\n  static statsModeFromExport(stats: ExportedStats[]): StatisticsMode {\n    return {\n      kind: \"fromStatisticsExport\",\n      source: { kind: \"inline\" },\n      stats,\n    };\n  }\n\n  static async fromPostgres(\n    db: Postgres,\n    statsMode: StatisticsMode,\n  ): Promise<Statistics> {\n    const version = await db.serverNum();\n    const ownStats = await Statistics.dumpStats(db, version);\n    return new Statistics(db, version, ownStats, statsMode);\n  }\n\n  restoreStats(tx: PostgresTransaction) {\n    // if (this.postgresVersion < \"180000\") {\n    return this.restoreStats17(tx);\n    // }\n    // return this.restoreStats18(tx);\n  }\n\n  approximateTotalRows() {\n    if (!this.exportedMetadata) {\n      return 0;\n    }\n    let totalRows = 0;\n    for (const table of this.exportedMetadata) {\n      totalRows += table.reltuples;\n    }\n    return totalRows;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * We have to cast stavaluesN to the correct type\n   * This derives that type for us so it can be used in `array_in`\n   */\n  private stavalueKind(values: unknown[] | null): StaValueKind {\n    if (!values || values.length === 0) {\n      return null;\n    }\n    const [elem] = values;\n    if (typeof elem === \"number\") {\n      return \"real\";\n    } else if (typeof elem === \"boolean\") {\n      return \"boolean\";\n    }\n    // is everything else a text? What about strinfied dates?\n    // we might need column metadata access here if we do\n    return \"text\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * PostgreSQL's anyarray columns in pg_statistic can hold arrays of arrays\n   * for columns with array types (e.g. text[], int4[]). These create\n   * multidimensional arrays that can be \"ragged\" (sub-arrays with different\n   * lengths). jsonb_to_recordset can't reconstruct ragged multidimensional\n   * arrays from JSON, so we need to drop these values.\n   */\n  private static safeStavalues(values: unknown[] | null): unknown[] | null {\n    if (!values || values.length === 0) return values;\n    if (values.some((v) => Array.isArray(v))) {\n      console.warn(\"Discarding ragged multidimensional stavalues array\");\n      return null;\n    }\n    return values;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * When inserting fake stats for existing tables and indexes, we also need to\n   * account for data on newly created indexes by the optimizer.\n   *\n   * However we assume that index reltuples = table reltuples.\n   * Meaning this logic is going to be a little off for partial indexes\n   * or posting lists for duplicate values in btrees.\n   * Meaning the deduplication that happens in pg side\n   * 4 reltuples [(2, 1),(2, 9),(2, 4),(2, 8)] -> 1 reltuple [2, (1, 9, 4, 8)]\n   * does not get accounted for here.\n   */\n  private async getAdditionalIndexReltuples(\n    tx: PostgresTransaction,\n  ): Promise<ComputedReltuples[]> {\n    if (this.additionalIndexes.length === 0) {\n      return [];\n    }\n\n    type ColumnAttlenRow = {\n      index_name: string;\n      schema_name: string;\n      table_name: string;\n      column_name: string;\n      attlen: number | null;\n      fillfactor: number;\n    };\n\n    const indexNames = this.additionalIndexes.map((idx) => idx.name.toString());\n    const rows = await tx\n      .exec<ColumnAttlenRow>(\n        dedent`\n          SELECT\n            i.relname AS index_name,\n            n.nspname AS schema_name,\n            t.relname AS table_name,\n            a.attname AS column_name,\n            CASE WHEN a.attlen > 0 THEN a.attlen ELSE NULL END AS attlen,\n            COALESCE(\n              (SELECT (regexp_match(opt, 'fillfactor=(\\\\d+)'))[1]::integer\n               FROM unnest(i.reloptions) AS opt\n               WHERE opt LIKE 'fillfactor=%'\n               LIMIT 1),\n              90\n            ) AS fillfactor\n          FROM pg_class i\n          JOIN pg_index ix ON ix.indexrelid = i.oid\n          JOIN pg_class t ON t.oid = ix.indrelid\n          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace\n          JOIN unnest(ix.indkey) AS k(attnum) ON true\n          JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid AND a.attnum = k.attnum\n          WHERE i.relname IN (SELECT jsonb_array_elements_text($1::jsonb))\n            AND k.attnum > 0\n        `,\n        [indexNames],\n      )\n      .catch((err) => {\n        console.error(\n          \"Something went wrong querying additional index column metadata\",\n        );\n        console.error(err);\n        return [];\n      });\n\n    const attlenByKey = new Map<string, number | null>();\n    const fillfactorByIndex = new Map<string, number>();\n    for (const row of rows) {\n      attlenByKey.set(\n        `${row.schema_name}.${row.table_name}.${row.column_name}`,\n        row.attlen,\n      );\n      fillfactorByIndex.set(row.index_name, row.fillfactor);\n    }\n\n    return this.additionalIndexes.flatMap((idx) => {\n      const tableStats = this.computedStats.reltuples.find((r) => {\n        // making sure to follow normalization rules\n        const sourceSchema = PgIdentifier.fromString(r.schema_name).toString();\n        const sourceTable = PgIdentifier.fromString(r.relname).toString();\n\n        const targetSchema = PgIdentifier.fromString(idx.schema).toString();\n        const targetTable = PgIdentifier.fromString(idx.table).toString();\n        return sourceSchema === targetSchema && sourceTable === targetTable;\n      });\n\n      if (!tableStats) {\n        return [];\n      }\n      const columns = idx.columns.map((col) => ({\n        attlen:\n          attlenByKey.get(`${idx.schema}.${idx.table}.${col.column}`) ?? null,\n      }));\n      const fillfactor = fillfactorByIndex.get(idx.name.toString()) ?? 90;\n      const amname = idx.indexMethod ?? \"btree\";\n      const relpages = estimateIndexRelpages(\n        tableStats.reltuples,\n        columns,\n        fillfactor / 100,\n        amname,\n        tableStats.relpages,\n      );\n\n      return [\n        {\n          relname: idx.name.toString(),\n          schema_name: idx.schema,\n          reltuples: tableStats.reltuples,\n          relpages,\n          relallvisible: relpages,\n          relallfrozen: 0,\n        },\n      ];\n    });\n  }\n\n  private async restoreStats17(tx: PostgresTransaction) {\n    const warnings = {\n      tablesNotInExports: [] as string[],\n      tablesNotInTest: [] as string[],\n      tableNotAnalyzed: [] as string[],\n      statsMissing: [] as {\n        statistic: string;\n        table: string;\n        schema: string;\n        column: string;\n      }[],\n    };\n\n    const processedTables = new Set<string>(\n      this.ownMetadata.map((t) => `${t.schemaName}.${t.tableName}`),\n    );\n\n    const columnStatsUpdatePromise = tx\n      .exec(Statistics.columnStatsSQL, [this.computedStats.columnStats])\n      .catch((err) => {\n        console.error(\"Something wrong wrong updating column stats\");\n        console.error(err);\n        throw err;\n      });\n\n    /**\n     * Postgres has 5 different slots for storing statistics per column and a potentially unlimited\n     * number of statistic types to choose from. Each code in `stakindN` can mean different things.\n     * Some statistics are just numerical values such as `n_distinct` and `correlation`, meaning\n     * they're only derived from `stanumbersN` and the value of `stanumbersN` is never read.\n     * Others take advantage of the `stavaluesN` columns which use `anyarray` type to store\n     * concrete values internally for things like histogram bounds.\n     * Unfortunately we cannot change anyarrays without a C extension.\n     *\n     * (1) = most common values\n     * (2) = scalar histogram\n     * (3) = correlation <- can change\n     * (4) = most common elements\n     * (5) = distinct elem count histogram <- can change\n     * (6) = length histogram (?) These don't appear in pg_stats\n     * (7) = bounds histogram (?) These don't appear in pg_stats\n     * (N) = potentially many more kinds of statistics. But postgres <=18 only uses these 7.\n     *\n     * What we're doing here is setting ANY statistic we cannot directly control\n     * (anything that relies on stavaluesN) to 0 to make sure the planner isn't influenced by what\n     * what the db collected from the test data.\n     * Because we do our tests with `generic_plan` it seems it's already unlikely that the planner will be\n     * using things like common values or histogram bounds to make the planning decisions we care about.\n     * This is a just in case.\n     */\n    const reltuplesQuery = dedent`\n        update pg_class p\n        set reltuples = v.reltuples,\n            relpages = v.relpages,\n            -- relallfrozen = case when v.relallfrozen is null then p.relallfrozen else v.relallfrozen end,\n            relallvisible = case when v.relallvisible is null then p.relallvisible else v.relallvisible end\n        from jsonb_to_recordset($1::jsonb)\n            as v(reltuples real, relpages integer, relallfrozen integer, relallvisible integer, relname text, schema_name text)\n        where p.relname = v.relname\n        and p.relnamespace = (select oid from pg_namespace where nspname = v.schema_name)\n        returning p.relname, p.relnamespace, p.reltuples, p.relpages;\n        `;\n\n    const additionalIndexReltuples = await this.getAdditionalIndexReltuples(tx);\n\n    const reltuplesPromise = tx\n      .exec(reltuplesQuery, [\n        [...this.computedStats.reltuples, ...additionalIndexReltuples],\n      ])\n      .catch((err) => {\n        console.error(\"Something went wrong updating reltuples/relpages\");\n        console.error(err);\n        return err;\n      });\n\n    if (this.exportedMetadata) {\n      for (const table of this.exportedMetadata) {\n        const tableExists = processedTables.has(\n          `${table.schemaName}.${table.tableName}`,\n        );\n        if (tableExists && table.reltuples === -1) {\n          console.warn(\n            `Table ${table.tableName} has reltuples -1. Your production database is probably not analyzed properly`,\n          );\n          warnings.tableNotAnalyzed.push(\n            `${table.schemaName}.${table.tableName}`,\n          );\n        }\n        if (tableExists) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        warnings.tablesNotInTest.push(`${table.schemaName}.${table.tableName}`);\n      }\n    }\n    const [statsUpdates, reltuplesUpdates] = await Promise.all([\n      columnStatsUpdatePromise,\n      reltuplesPromise,\n    ]);\n    const updatedColumnsProperly = statsUpdates\n      ? statsUpdates.length === this.computedStats.columnStats.length\n      : true;\n    if (!updatedColumnsProperly) {\n      console.error(`Did not update expected column stats`);\n    }\n    if (reltuplesUpdates.length !== this.computedStats.reltuples.length) {\n      console.error(`Did not update expected reltuples/relpages`);\n    }\n    return warnings;\n  }\n\n  private static readonly columnStatsSQL = dedent`\n    WITH input AS (\n      SELECT\n        c.oid AS starelid,\n        a.attnum AS staattnum,\n        v.stainherit,\n        v.stanullfrac,\n        v.stawidth,\n        v.stadistinct,\n        v.stakind1,\n        v.stakind2,\n        v.stakind3,\n        v.stakind4,\n        v.stakind5,\n        v.staop1,\n        v.staop2,\n        v.staop3,\n        v.staop4,\n        v.staop5,\n        v.stacoll1,\n        v.stacoll2,\n        v.stacoll3,\n        v.stacoll4,\n        v.stacoll5,\n        v.stanumbers1,\n        v.stanumbers2,\n        v.stanumbers3,\n        v.stanumbers4,\n        v.stanumbers5,\n        v.stavalues1,\n        v.stavalues2,\n        v.stavalues3,\n        v.stavalues4,\n        v.stavalues5,\n        _value_type1,\n        _value_type2,\n        _value_type3,\n        _value_type4,\n        _value_type5\n      FROM jsonb_to_recordset($1::jsonb) AS v(\n        schema_name text,\n        table_name text,\n        column_name text,\n        stainherit boolean,\n        stanullfrac real,\n        stawidth integer,\n        stadistinct real,\n        stakind1 real,\n        stakind2 real,\n        stakind3 real,\n        stakind4 real,\n        stakind5 real,\n        staop1 oid,\n        staop2 oid,\n        staop3 oid,\n        staop4 oid,\n        staop5 oid,\n        stacoll1 oid,\n        stacoll2 oid,\n        stacoll3 oid,\n        stacoll4 oid,\n        stacoll5 oid,\n        stanumbers1 real[],\n        stanumbers2 real[],\n        stanumbers3 real[],\n        stanumbers4 real[],\n        stanumbers5 real[],\n        stavalues1 text[],\n        stavalues2 text[],\n        stavalues3 text[],\n        stavalues4 text[],\n        stavalues5 text[],\n        _value_type1 text,\n        _value_type2 text,\n        _value_type3 text,\n        _value_type4 text,\n        _value_type5 text\n      )\n      JOIN pg_class c ON c.relname = v.table_name\n      JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace AND n.nspname = v.schema_name\n      JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.oid AND a.attname = v.column_name\n    ),\n    updated AS (\n      UPDATE pg_statistic s\n      SET\n        stanullfrac = i.stanullfrac,\n        stawidth = i.stawidth,\n        stadistinct = i.stadistinct,\n        stakind1 = i.stakind1,\n        stakind2 = i.stakind2,\n        stakind3 = i.stakind3,\n        stakind4 = i.stakind4,\n        stakind5 = i.stakind5,\n        staop1 = i.staop1,\n        staop2 = i.staop2,\n        staop3 = i.staop3,\n        staop4 = i.staop4,\n        staop5 = i.staop5,\n        stacoll1 = i.stacoll1,\n        stacoll2 = i.stacoll2,\n        stacoll3 = i.stacoll3,\n        stacoll4 = i.stacoll4,\n        stacoll5 = i.stacoll5,\n        stanumbers1 = i.stanumbers1,\n        stanumbers2 = i.stanumbers2,\n        stanumbers3 = i.stanumbers3,\n        stanumbers4 = i.stanumbers4,\n        stanumbers5 = i.stanumbers5,\n        stavalues1 = case\n          when i.stavalues1 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues1::text::cstring, i._value_type1::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues2 = case\n          when i.stavalues2 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues2::text::cstring, i._value_type2::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues3 = case\n          when i.stavalues3 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues3::text::cstring, i._value_type3::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues4 = case\n          when i.stavalues4 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues4::text::cstring, i._value_type4::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues5 = case\n          when i.stavalues5 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues5::text::cstring, i._value_type5::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end\n        -- stavalues1 = i.stavalues1,\n        -- stavalues2 = i.stavalues2,\n        -- stavalues3 = i.stavalues3,\n        -- stavalues4 = i.stavalues4,\n        -- stavalues5 = i.stavalues5\n      FROM input i\n      WHERE s.starelid = i.starelid AND s.staattnum = i.staattnum AND s.stainherit = i.stainherit\n      RETURNING s.starelid, s.staattnum, s.stainherit, s.stakind1, s.stakind2, s.stakind3, s.stakind4, s.stakind5\n    ),\n    inserted as (\n      INSERT INTO pg_statistic (\n        starelid, staattnum, stainherit,\n        stanullfrac, stawidth, stadistinct,\n        stakind1, stakind2, stakind3, stakind4, stakind5,\n        staop1, staop2, staop3, staop4, staop5,\n        stacoll1, stacoll2, stacoll3, stacoll4, stacoll5,\n        stanumbers1, stanumbers2, stanumbers3, stanumbers4, stanumbers5,\n        stavalues1, stavalues2, stavalues3, stavalues4, stavalues5\n      )\n      SELECT\n      i.starelid, i.staattnum, i.stainherit,\n      i.stanullfrac, i.stawidth, i.stadistinct,\n      i.stakind1, i.stakind2, i.stakind3, i.stakind4, i.stakind5,\n      i.staop1, i.staop2, i.staop3, i.staop4, i.staop5,\n      i.stacoll1, i.stacoll2, i.stacoll3, i.stacoll4, i.stacoll5,\n      i.stanumbers1, i.stanumbers2, i.stanumbers3, i.stanumbers4, i.stanumbers5,\n      -- i.stavalues1, i.stavalues2, i.stavalues3, i.stavalues4, i.stavalues5,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues1 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues1::text::cstring, i._value_type1::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues2 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues2::text::cstring, i._value_type2::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues3 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues3::text::cstring, i._value_type3::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues4 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues4::text::cstring, i._value_type4::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues5 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues5::text::cstring, i._value_type5::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end\n      -- i._value_type1, i._value_type2, i._value_type3, i._value_type4, i._value_type5\n      FROM input i\n      LEFT JOIN updated u\n        ON i.starelid = u.starelid AND i.staattnum = u.staattnum AND i.stainherit = u.stainherit\n      WHERE u.starelid IS NULL\n      returning starelid, staattnum, stainherit, stakind1, stakind2, stakind3, stakind4, stakind5\n    )\n    select * from updated union all (select * from inserted); -- @qd_introspection`;\n\n  static async dumpStats(\n    db: PostgresTransaction,\n    postgresVersion: PostgresVersion,\n  ): Promise<ExportedStats[]> {\n    console.log(`dumping stats for postgres ${gray(postgresVersion)}`);\n    const stats = await db.exec<{ json_agg: ExportedStats[] }>(DUMP_STATS_SQL);\n    const out = z.array(ExportedStats).parse(stats[0].json_agg ?? []);\n    return out;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Returns all indexes in the database.\n   * ONLY handles regular btree indexes\n   */\n  async getExistingIndexes(): Promise<IndexedTable[]> {\n    const indexes = await this.db.exec<IndexedTable>(`\n      WITH partitioned_tables AS (\n          SELECT\n              inhparent::regclass AS parent_table,\n              inhrelid::regclass AS partition_table\n          FROM\n              pg_inherits\n      )\n      SELECT\n          n.nspname AS schema_name,\n          COALESCE(pt.parent_table::text, t.relname) AS table_name,\n          i.relname AS index_name,\n          ix.indisprimary as is_primary,\n          ix.indisunique as is_unique,\n          am.amname AS index_type,\n          array_agg(\n              CASE\n                  -- Handle regular columns\n                  WHEN a.attname IS NOT NULL THEN\n                    json_build_object('name', a.attname, 'order',\n                      CASE\n                          WHEN (indoption[array_position(ix.indkey, a.attnum)] & 1) = 1 THEN 'DESC'\n                          ELSE 'ASC'\n                      END,\n                      'opclass', CASE WHEN opc.opcdefault THEN NULL ELSE opc.opcname END)\n                  -- Handle expressions\n                  ELSE\n                      json_build_object('name', pg_get_expr((ix.indexprs)::pg_node_tree, t.oid), 'order',\n                      CASE\n                          WHEN (indoption[array_position(ix.indkey, k.attnum)] & 1) = 1 THEN 'DESC'\n                          ELSE 'ASC'\n                      END,\n                      'opclass', CASE WHEN opc.opcdefault THEN NULL ELSE opc.opcname END)\n              END\n              ORDER BY array_position(ix.indkey, k.attnum)\n          ) AS index_columns\n      FROM\n          pg_class t\n          LEFT JOIN partitioned_tables pt ON t.oid = pt.partition_table\n          JOIN pg_index ix ON t.oid = ix.indrelid\n          JOIN pg_class i ON i.oid = ix.indexrelid\n          JOIN pg_am am ON i.relam = am.oid\n          LEFT JOIN LATERAL unnest(ix.indkey) WITH ORDINALITY k(attnum, ordinality) ON true\n          LEFT JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attnum = k.attnum AND a.attrelid = t.oid\n          LEFT JOIN pg_opclass opc ON opc.oid = ix.indclass[k.ordinality - 1]\n          JOIN pg_namespace n ON t.relnamespace = n.oid\n      WHERE\n          n.nspname not like 'pg_%' and\n          n.nspname <> 'information_schema'\n      GROUP BY\n          n.nspname, COALESCE(pt.parent_table::text, t.relname), i.relname, am.amname, ix.indisprimary, ix.indisunique\n      ORDER BY\n          COALESCE(pt.parent_table::text, t.relname), i.relname; -- @qd_introspection\n      `);\n    return indexes;\n  }\n}\n\nexport type ColumnMetadata = {\n  columnName: string;\n  dataType: string;\n  isNullable: boolean;\n  stats: ColumnStats | null;\n};\n\ntype ColumnStats = {\n  stainherit: boolean;\n  stanullfrac: number;\n  stawidth: number;\n  stadistinct: number;\n  stakind1: number;\n  stakind2: number;\n  stakind3: number;\n  stakind4: number;\n  stakind5: number;\n  staop1: number;\n  staop2: number;\n  staop3: number;\n  staop4: number;\n  staop5: number;\n  stacoll1: number;\n  stacoll2: number;\n  stacoll3: number;\n  stacoll4: number;\n  stacoll5: number;\n  stanumbers1: number;\n  stanumbers2: number;\n  stanumbers3: number;\n  stanumbers4: number;\n  stanumbers5: number;\n};\n\nexport type TableMetadata = {\n  tableName: string;\n  schemaName: string;\n  reltuples: number;\n  relpages: number;\n  relallvisible: number;\n  relallfrozen?: number;\n  columns: ColumnMetadata[];\n};\n\ntype TableName = string;\nexport type TableStats = {\n  tupleEstimate: bigint;\n  pageCount: number;\n};\n\nexport type SerializeResult = {\n  schema: TableMetadata[];\n  serialized: string;\n  sampledRecords: Record<TableName, number>;\n};\n\nexport type IndexOrder = \"ASC\" | \"DESC\";\n\nexport type IndexedTable = {\n  index_columns: Array<{ name: string; order: IndexOrder; opclass?: string }>;\n  is_primary: boolean;\n  is_unique: boolean;\n  index_name: string;\n  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-types\n  index_type: \"btree\" | \"gin\" | (string & {});\n  // this is always public\n  schema_name: string;\n  table_name: 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+{"version":3,"file":"statistics.cjs","names":["z","PgIdentifier"],"sources":["../../src/optimizer/statistics.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import { gray } from \"colorette\";\nimport dedent from \"dedent\";\nimport { z } from \"zod\";\nimport type {\n  Postgres,\n  PostgresTransaction,\n  PostgresVersion,\n} from \"../sql/database.ts\";\nimport { PgIdentifier } from \"../sql/pg-identifier.js\";\nimport type { IndexToCreate } from \"./genalgo.js\";\n\ntype StaValueKind = \"real\" | \"text\" | \"boolean\" | null;\n\nexport type Path = string;\n\nexport const StatisticsSource = z.union([\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"path\"),\n    path: z.string().min(1),\n  }),\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"inline\"),\n  }),\n]);\n\nexport const ExportedStatsStatistics = z.object({\n  stawidth: z.number(),\n  stainherit: z.boolean().default(false),\n  // 0 representing unknown\n  stadistinct: z.number(),\n  // this has no \"nullable\" state\n  stanullfrac: z.number(),\n  stakind1: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind2: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind3: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind4: z.number().min(0),\n  stakind5: z.number().min(0),\n  staop1: z.string(),\n  staop2: z.string(),\n  staop3: z.string(),\n  staop4: z.string(),\n  staop5: z.string(),\n  stacoll1: z.string(),\n  stacoll2: z.string(),\n  stacoll3: z.string(),\n  stacoll4: z.string(),\n  stacoll5: z.string(),\n  stanumbers1: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers2: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers3: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers4: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers5: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  // theoretically... this could only be strings and numbers\n  // but we don't have a crystal ball\n  stavalues1: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues2: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues3: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues4: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues5: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n});\n\nexport const ExportedStatsColumns = z.object({\n  columnName: z.string(),\n  attlen: z.number().nullable(),\n  dataType: z.string().optional(),\n  stats: ExportedStatsStatistics.nullable(),\n});\n\nexport const ExportedStatsIndex = z.object({\n  indexName: z.string(),\n  amname: z.string().default(\"btree\"),\n  relpages: z.number(),\n  reltuples: z.number(),\n  relallvisible: z.number(),\n  relallfrozen: z.number().optional(),\n  fillfactor: z.number().default(90),\n  columns: z.array(z.object({ attlen: z.number().nullable() })).default([]),\n});\n\n// This should match the output of the `_qd_dump_stats` function in the analyzer README.md\n// Need to make sure this is versioned to accept ALL potential outputs from every version of\n// dump functions we make public\nexport const ExportedStatsV1 = z.object({\n  tableName: z.string(),\n  schemaName: z.string(),\n  // can be negative\n  relpages: z.number(),\n  // can be negative\n  reltuples: z.number(),\n  relallvisible: z.number(),\n  // only postgres 18+\n  relallfrozen: z.number().optional(),\n  columns: z.array(ExportedStatsColumns).default([]),\n  indexes: z.array(ExportedStatsIndex),\n});\n\nexport const ExportedStats = z.union([ExportedStatsV1]);\n\nexport type ExportedStats = z.infer<typeof ExportedStats>;\n\nexport const StatisticsMode = z.discriminatedUnion(\"kind\", [\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"fromAssumption\"),\n    reltuples: z.number().min(0),\n  }),\n  z.object({\n    kind: z.literal(\"fromStatisticsExport\"),\n    stats: z.array(ExportedStats),\n    source: StatisticsSource,\n  }),\n]);\n\nexport type StatisticsMode = z.infer<typeof StatisticsMode>;\n\nexport const ComputedColumnStats = z.object({\n  schema_name: z.string(),\n  table_name: z.string(),\n  column_name: z.string(),\n  data_type: z.string().optional(),\n  stainherit: z.boolean(),\n  stanullfrac: z.number(),\n  stawidth: z.number(),\n  stadistinct: z.number(),\n  stakind1: z.number(),\n  stakind2: z.number(),\n  stakind3: z.number(),\n  stakind4: z.number(),\n  stakind5: z.number(),\n  staop1: z.string(),\n  staop2: z.string(),\n  staop3: z.string(),\n  staop4: z.string(),\n  staop5: z.string(),\n  stacoll1: z.string(),\n  stacoll2: z.string(),\n  stacoll3: z.string(),\n  stacoll4: z.string(),\n  stacoll5: z.string(),\n  stanumbers1: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers2: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers3: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers4: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stanumbers5: z.array(z.number()).nullable(),\n  stavalues1: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues2: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues3: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues4: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  stavalues5: z.array(z.any()).nullable(),\n  _value_type1: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type2: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type3: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type4: z.string().nullable(),\n  _value_type5: z.string().nullable(),\n});\n\nexport type ComputedColumnStats = z.infer<typeof ComputedColumnStats>;\n\nexport const ComputedReltuples = z.object({\n  relname: z.string(),\n  schema_name: z.string(),\n  reltuples: z.number(),\n  relpages: z.number(),\n  relallvisible: z.number(),\n  relallfrozen: z.number().optional(),\n});\n\nexport type ComputedReltuples = z.infer<typeof ComputedReltuples>;\n\nexport const ComputedStats = z.object({\n  columnStats: z.array(ComputedColumnStats),\n  reltuples: z.array(ComputedReltuples),\n});\n\nexport type ComputedStats = z.infer<typeof ComputedStats>;\n\nconst DEFAULT_RELTUPLES = 10_000_000;\nconst DEFAULT_RELPAGES = 1;\n// it's _very_ rare that the default page size is ever changed\nconst DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE = 2 ** 13;\n\nfunction estimateStawidth(col: { attlen?: number | null }): number {\n  return col.attlen ?? 32;\n}\n\nfunction estimateRelpages(\n  reltuples: number,\n  columns: { attlen: number | null }[],\n): number {\n  const rowWidth =\n    // 23 byte tuple header + 4 bytes alignment/null bitmap\n    columns.reduce((sum, col) => sum + estimateStawidth(col), 0) + 27;\n  return Math.ceil((reltuples * rowWidth) / DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE);\n}\n\nfunction estimateIndexRelpages(\n  reltuples: number,\n  columns: { attlen: number | null }[],\n  fillfactor: number,\n  amname: string,\n  tableRelpages: number,\n): number {\n  if (amname === \"gin\") {\n    // GIN has an inverted structure; distinct element counts per row are unknown\n    // without real data, so fall back to a ratio of the table page count\n    return Math.ceil(tableRelpages * 0.3);\n  }\n  // 16 bytes btree entry overhead per key in addition to the key width\n  const keyWidth = columns.reduce(\n    (sum, col) => sum + estimateStawidth(col) + 16,\n    0,\n  );\n  return Math.ceil((reltuples * keyWidth) / DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE / fillfactor);\n}\n\nexport const DUMP_STATS_SQL = dedent`\n  WITH table_columns AS (\n    SELECT\n      cl.relname,\n      n.nspname,\n      cl.reltuples,\n      cl.relpages,\n      cl.relallvisible,\n      -- cl.relallfrozen,\n      json_agg(\n        json_build_object(\n          'columnName', a.attname,\n          'attlen', CASE WHEN a.attlen > 0 THEN a.attlen ELSE NULL END,\n          'dataType', t.typname,\n          'stats', (\n            SELECT json_build_object(\n              'starelid', s.starelid,\n              'staattnum', s.staattnum,\n              'stanullfrac', s.stanullfrac,\n              'stawidth', s.stawidth,\n              'stadistinct', s.stadistinct,\n              'stakind1', s.stakind1, 'staop1', s.staop1, 'stacoll1', s.stacoll1, 'stanumbers1', s.stanumbers1,\n              'stakind2', s.stakind2, 'staop2', s.staop2, 'stacoll2', s.stacoll2, 'stanumbers2', s.stanumbers2,\n              'stakind3', s.stakind3, 'staop3', s.staop3, 'stacoll3', s.stacoll3, 'stanumbers3', s.stanumbers3,\n              'stakind4', s.stakind4, 'staop4', s.staop4, 'stacoll4', s.stacoll4, 'stanumbers4', s.stanumbers4,\n              'stakind5', s.stakind5, 'staop5', s.staop5, 'stacoll5', s.stacoll5, 'stanumbers5', s.stanumbers5,\n              'stavalues1', s.stavalues1,\n              'stavalues2', s.stavalues2,\n              'stavalues3', s.stavalues3,\n              'stavalues4', s.stavalues4,\n              'stavalues5', s.stavalues5\n            )\n            FROM pg_statistic s\n            WHERE s.starelid = a.attrelid AND s.staattnum = a.attnum\n          )\n        )\n        ORDER BY a.attnum\n      ) AS columns\n    FROM pg_class cl\n    JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = cl.relnamespace\n    JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = cl.oid AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped\n    JOIN pg_type t ON t.oid = a.atttypid\n    WHERE cl.relkind = 'r'\n      AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema', 'tiger', 'tiger_data', 'topology')\n      AND cl.relname NOT IN ('pg_stat_statements', 'pg_stat_statements_info')\n    GROUP BY cl.relname, n.nspname, cl.reltuples, cl.relpages, cl.relallvisible\n  ),\n  table_indexes AS (\n    SELECT\n      t.relname AS table_name,\n      json_agg(\n        json_build_object(\n          'indexName', i.relname,\n          'amname', am.amname,\n          'reltuples', i.reltuples,\n          'relpages', i.relpages,\n          'relallvisible', i.relallvisible,\n          -- 'relallfrozen', i.relallfrozen,\n          'fillfactor', COALESCE(\n            (\n              SELECT (regexp_match(opt, 'fillfactor=(\\\\d+)'))[1]::integer\n              FROM unnest(i.reloptions) AS opt\n              WHERE opt LIKE 'fillfactor=%'\n              LIMIT 1\n            ),\n            90\n          ),\n          'columns', COALESCE(\n            (\n              SELECT json_agg(json_build_object(\n                'attlen', CASE WHEN a.attlen > 0 THEN a.attlen ELSE NULL END\n              ) ORDER BY col_pos.ord)\n              FROM unnest(ix.indkey) WITH ORDINALITY AS col_pos(attnum, ord)\n              JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid AND a.attnum = col_pos.attnum\n              WHERE col_pos.attnum > 0\n            ),\n            '[]'::json\n          )\n        )\n      ) AS indexes\n    FROM pg_class t\n    JOIN pg_index ix ON ix.indrelid = t.oid\n    JOIN pg_class i ON i.oid = ix.indexrelid\n    JOIN pg_am am ON am.oid = i.relam\n    JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace\n    WHERE t.relname NOT LIKE 'pg_%'\n      AND n.nspname <> 'information_schema'\n      AND n.nspname NOT IN ('tiger', 'tiger_data', 'topology')\n    GROUP BY t.relname\n  )\n  SELECT json_agg(\n    json_build_object(\n      'tableName', tc.relname,\n      'schemaName', tc.nspname,\n      'reltuples', tc.reltuples,\n      'relpages', tc.relpages,\n      'relallvisible', tc.relallvisible,\n      -- 'relallfrozen', tc.relallfrozen,\n      'columns', COALESCE(tc.columns, '[]'::json),\n      'indexes', COALESCE(ti.indexes, '[]'::json)\n    )\n  )\n  FROM table_columns tc\n  LEFT JOIN table_indexes ti\n    ON ti.table_name = tc.relname\n`;\n\nexport class Statistics {\n  readonly mode: StatisticsMode;\n  readonly computedStats: ComputedStats;\n  private readonly exportedMetadata: ExportedStats[] | undefined;\n  private additionalIndexes: IndexToCreate[] = [];\n  // preventing accidental internal mutations\n  static readonly defaultStatsMode: StatisticsMode = Object.freeze({\n    kind: \"fromAssumption\",\n    reltuples: DEFAULT_RELTUPLES,\n  });\n  constructor(\n    private readonly db: Postgres,\n    public readonly postgresVersion: PostgresVersion,\n    public readonly ownMetadata: ExportedStats[],\n    statsMode: StatisticsMode,\n  ) {\n    if (statsMode) {\n      this.mode = statsMode;\n      if (statsMode.kind === \"fromStatisticsExport\") {\n        this.exportedMetadata = statsMode.stats;\n      }\n    } else {\n      this.mode = Statistics.defaultStatsMode;\n    }\n    this.computedStats = this.buildComputedStats();\n  }\n\n  setAdditionalIndexes(additionalIndexes: IndexToCreate[]): void {\n    this.additionalIndexes = additionalIndexes;\n  }\n\n  private buildComputedStats(): ComputedStats {\n    const columnStats: ComputedColumnStats[] = [];\n    const reltuples: ComputedReltuples[] = [];\n\n    for (const table of this.ownMetadata) {\n      const targetTable = this.exportedMetadata?.find(\n        (m) =>\n          m.tableName === table.tableName && m.schemaName === table.schemaName,\n      );\n      const target = targetTable?.columns ?? table.columns;\n\n      for (const column of target) {\n        const { stats } = column;\n        if (!stats || this.mode.kind === \"fromAssumption\") {\n          const stawidth = stats?.stawidth || estimateStawidth(column);\n          columnStats.push({\n            schema_name: table.schemaName,\n            table_name: table.tableName,\n            column_name: column.columnName,\n            data_type: column.dataType,\n            stainherit: false,\n            stanullfrac: 0.04,\n            stawidth,\n            stadistinct: -0.9,\n            stakind1: 0,\n            stakind2: 0,\n            stakind3: 3,\n            stakind4: 0,\n            stakind5: 0,\n            stacoll1: \"0\",\n            stacoll2: \"0\",\n            stacoll3: \"0\",\n            stacoll4: \"0\",\n            stacoll5: \"0\",\n            staop1: \"0\",\n            staop2: \"0\",\n            staop3: \"0\",\n            staop4: \"0\",\n            staop5: \"0\",\n            stanumbers1: null,\n            stanumbers2: null,\n            stanumbers3: [0.9],\n            stanumbers4: null,\n            stanumbers5: null,\n            stavalues1: null,\n            stavalues2: null,\n            stavalues3: null,\n            stavalues4: null,\n            stavalues5: null,\n            _value_type1: \"real\",\n            _value_type2: \"real\",\n            _value_type3: \"real\",\n            _value_type4: \"real\",\n            _value_type5: \"real\",\n          });\n        } else {\n          columnStats.push({\n            schema_name: table.schemaName,\n            table_name: table.tableName,\n            column_name: column.columnName,\n            data_type: column.dataType,\n            stainherit: stats.stainherit ?? false,\n            stanullfrac: stats.stanullfrac,\n            stawidth: stats.stawidth,\n            stadistinct: stats.stadistinct,\n            stakind1: stats.stakind1,\n            stakind2: stats.stakind2,\n            stakind3: stats.stakind3,\n            stakind4: stats.stakind4,\n            stakind5: stats.stakind5,\n            staop1: stats.staop1,\n            staop2: stats.staop2,\n            staop3: stats.staop3,\n            staop4: stats.staop4,\n            staop5: stats.staop5,\n            stacoll1: stats.stacoll1,\n            stacoll2: stats.stacoll2,\n            stacoll3: stats.stacoll3,\n            stacoll4: stats.stacoll4,\n            stacoll5: stats.stacoll5,\n            stanumbers1: stats.stanumbers1,\n            stanumbers2: stats.stanumbers2,\n            stanumbers3: stats.stanumbers3,\n            stanumbers4: stats.stanumbers4,\n            stanumbers5: stats.stanumbers5,\n            stavalues1: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues1),\n            stavalues2: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues2),\n            stavalues3: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues3),\n            stavalues4: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues4),\n            stavalues5: Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues5),\n            _value_type1: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues1),\n            ),\n            _value_type2: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues2),\n            ),\n            _value_type3: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues3),\n            ),\n            _value_type4: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues4),\n            ),\n            _value_type5: this.stavalueKind(\n              Statistics.safeStavalues(stats.stavalues5),\n            ),\n          });\n        }\n      }\n\n      let tableReltuples: number;\n      let tableRelpages: number;\n      let relallvisible = 0;\n      let relallfrozen: number | undefined;\n\n      if (this.mode.kind === \"fromAssumption\") {\n        tableReltuples = this.mode.reltuples;\n        tableRelpages = estimateRelpages(tableReltuples, table.columns);\n      } else if (targetTable) {\n        tableReltuples = targetTable.reltuples;\n        tableRelpages = targetTable.relpages;\n        relallvisible = targetTable.relallvisible;\n        relallfrozen = targetTable.relallfrozen;\n      } else {\n        tableReltuples = DEFAULT_RELTUPLES;\n        tableRelpages = DEFAULT_RELPAGES;\n      }\n\n      reltuples.push({\n        relname: table.tableName,\n        schema_name: table.schemaName,\n        reltuples: tableReltuples,\n        relpages: tableRelpages,\n        relallfrozen,\n        relallvisible,\n      });\n\n      if (this.mode.kind === \"fromAssumption\") {\n        for (const index of table.indexes) {\n          const indexRelpages = estimateIndexRelpages(\n            this.mode.reltuples,\n            index.columns,\n            index.fillfactor / 100,\n            index.amname,\n            tableRelpages,\n          );\n          reltuples.push({\n            relname: index.indexName,\n            schema_name: table.schemaName,\n            reltuples: this.mode.reltuples,\n            relpages: indexRelpages,\n            relallfrozen: 0,\n            relallvisible: indexRelpages,\n          });\n        }\n      } else if (targetTable) {\n        for (const index of targetTable.indexes) {\n          reltuples.push({\n            relname: index.indexName,\n            schema_name: targetTable.schemaName,\n            reltuples: index.reltuples,\n            relpages: index.relpages,\n            relallfrozen: index.relallfrozen,\n            relallvisible: index.relallvisible,\n          });\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    return { columnStats, reltuples };\n  }\n\n  static statsModeFromAssumption({\n    reltuples,\n  }: {\n    reltuples: number;\n  }): StatisticsMode {\n    return {\n      kind: \"fromAssumption\",\n      reltuples,\n    };\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create a statistic mode from stats exported from another database\n   **/\n  static statsModeFromExport(stats: ExportedStats[]): StatisticsMode {\n    return {\n      kind: \"fromStatisticsExport\",\n      source: { kind: \"inline\" },\n      stats,\n    };\n  }\n\n  static async fromPostgres(\n    db: Postgres,\n    statsMode: StatisticsMode,\n  ): Promise<Statistics> {\n    const version = await db.serverNum();\n    const ownStats = await Statistics.dumpStats(db, version);\n    return new Statistics(db, version, ownStats, statsMode);\n  }\n\n  restoreStats(tx: PostgresTransaction) {\n    // if (this.postgresVersion < \"180000\") {\n    return this.restoreStats17(tx);\n    // }\n    // return this.restoreStats18(tx);\n  }\n\n  approximateTotalRows() {\n    if (!this.exportedMetadata) {\n      return 0;\n    }\n    let totalRows = 0;\n    for (const table of this.exportedMetadata) {\n      totalRows += table.reltuples;\n    }\n    return totalRows;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * We have to cast stavaluesN to the correct type\n   * This derives that type for us so it can be used in `array_in`\n   */\n  private stavalueKind(values: unknown[] | null): StaValueKind {\n    if (!values || values.length === 0) {\n      return null;\n    }\n    const [elem] = values;\n    if (typeof elem === \"number\") {\n      return \"real\";\n    } else if (typeof elem === \"boolean\") {\n      return \"boolean\";\n    }\n    // is everything else a text? What about strinfied dates?\n    // we might need column metadata access here if we do\n    return \"text\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * PostgreSQL's anyarray columns in pg_statistic can hold arrays of arrays\n   * for columns with array types (e.g. text[], int4[]). These create\n   * multidimensional arrays that can be \"ragged\" (sub-arrays with different\n   * lengths). jsonb_to_recordset can't reconstruct ragged multidimensional\n   * arrays from JSON, so we need to drop these values.\n   */\n  private static safeStavalues(values: unknown[] | null): unknown[] | null {\n    if (!values || values.length === 0) return values;\n    if (values.some((v) => Array.isArray(v))) {\n      console.warn(\"Discarding ragged multidimensional stavalues array\");\n      return null;\n    }\n    return values;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * When inserting fake stats for existing tables and indexes, we also need to\n   * account for data on newly created indexes by the optimizer.\n   *\n   * However we assume that index reltuples = table reltuples.\n   * Meaning this logic is going to be a little off for partial indexes\n   * or posting lists for duplicate values in btrees.\n   * Meaning the deduplication that happens in pg side\n   * 4 reltuples [(2, 1),(2, 9),(2, 4),(2, 8)] -> 1 reltuple [2, (1, 9, 4, 8)]\n   * does not get accounted for here.\n   */\n  private async getAdditionalIndexReltuples(\n    tx: PostgresTransaction,\n  ): Promise<ComputedReltuples[]> {\n    if (this.additionalIndexes.length === 0) {\n      return [];\n    }\n\n    type ColumnAttlenRow = {\n      index_name: string;\n      schema_name: string;\n      table_name: string;\n      column_name: string;\n      attlen: number | null;\n      fillfactor: number;\n    };\n\n    const indexNames = this.additionalIndexes.map((idx) => idx.name.toString());\n    const rows = await tx\n      .exec<ColumnAttlenRow>(\n        dedent`\n          SELECT\n            i.relname AS index_name,\n            n.nspname AS schema_name,\n            t.relname AS table_name,\n            a.attname AS column_name,\n            CASE WHEN a.attlen > 0 THEN a.attlen ELSE NULL END AS attlen,\n            COALESCE(\n              (SELECT (regexp_match(opt, 'fillfactor=(\\\\d+)'))[1]::integer\n               FROM unnest(i.reloptions) AS opt\n               WHERE opt LIKE 'fillfactor=%'\n               LIMIT 1),\n              90\n            ) AS fillfactor\n          FROM pg_class i\n          JOIN pg_index ix ON ix.indexrelid = i.oid\n          JOIN pg_class t ON t.oid = ix.indrelid\n          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace\n          JOIN unnest(ix.indkey) AS k(attnum) ON true\n          JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid AND a.attnum = k.attnum\n          WHERE i.relname IN (SELECT jsonb_array_elements_text($1::jsonb))\n            AND k.attnum > 0\n        `,\n        [indexNames],\n      )\n      .catch((err) => {\n        console.error(\n          \"Something went wrong querying additional index column metadata\",\n        );\n        console.error(err);\n        return [];\n      });\n\n    const attlenByKey = new Map<string, number | null>();\n    const fillfactorByIndex = new Map<string, number>();\n    for (const row of rows) {\n      attlenByKey.set(\n        `${row.schema_name}.${row.table_name}.${row.column_name}`,\n        row.attlen,\n      );\n      fillfactorByIndex.set(row.index_name, row.fillfactor);\n    }\n\n    return this.additionalIndexes.flatMap((idx) => {\n      const tableStats = this.computedStats.reltuples.find((r) => {\n        // making sure to follow normalization rules\n        const sourceSchema = PgIdentifier.fromString(r.schema_name).toString();\n        const sourceTable = PgIdentifier.fromString(r.relname).toString();\n\n        const targetSchema = PgIdentifier.fromString(idx.schema).toString();\n        const targetTable = PgIdentifier.fromString(idx.table).toString();\n        return sourceSchema === targetSchema && sourceTable === targetTable;\n      });\n\n      if (!tableStats) {\n        return [];\n      }\n      const columns = idx.columns.map((col) => ({\n        attlen:\n          attlenByKey.get(`${idx.schema}.${idx.table}.${col.column}`) ?? null,\n      }));\n      const fillfactor = fillfactorByIndex.get(idx.name.toString()) ?? 90;\n      const amname = idx.indexMethod ?? \"btree\";\n      const relpages = estimateIndexRelpages(\n        tableStats.reltuples,\n        columns,\n        fillfactor / 100,\n        amname,\n        tableStats.relpages,\n      );\n\n      return [\n        {\n          relname: idx.name.toString(),\n          schema_name: idx.schema,\n          reltuples: tableStats.reltuples,\n          relpages,\n          relallvisible: relpages,\n          relallfrozen: 0,\n        },\n      ];\n    });\n  }\n\n  private async restoreStats17(tx: PostgresTransaction) {\n    const warnings = {\n      tablesNotInExports: [] as string[],\n      tablesNotInTest: [] as string[],\n      tableNotAnalyzed: [] as string[],\n      statsMissing: [] as {\n        statistic: string;\n        table: string;\n        schema: string;\n        column: string;\n      }[],\n    };\n\n    const processedTables = new Set<string>(\n      this.ownMetadata.map((t) => `${t.schemaName}.${t.tableName}`),\n    );\n\n    const columnStatsUpdatePromise = tx\n      .exec(Statistics.columnStatsSQL, [this.computedStats.columnStats])\n      .catch((err) => {\n        console.error(\"Something wrong wrong updating column stats\");\n        console.error(err);\n        throw err;\n      });\n\n    /**\n     * Postgres has 5 different slots for storing statistics per column and a potentially unlimited\n     * number of statistic types to choose from. Each code in `stakindN` can mean different things.\n     * Some statistics are just numerical values such as `n_distinct` and `correlation`, meaning\n     * they're only derived from `stanumbersN` and the value of `stanumbersN` is never read.\n     * Others take advantage of the `stavaluesN` columns which use `anyarray` type to store\n     * concrete values internally for things like histogram bounds.\n     * Unfortunately we cannot change anyarrays without a C extension.\n     *\n     * (1) = most common values\n     * (2) = scalar histogram\n     * (3) = correlation <- can change\n     * (4) = most common elements\n     * (5) = distinct elem count histogram <- can change\n     * (6) = length histogram (?) These don't appear in pg_stats\n     * (7) = bounds histogram (?) These don't appear in pg_stats\n     * (N) = potentially many more kinds of statistics. But postgres <=18 only uses these 7.\n     *\n     * What we're doing here is setting ANY statistic we cannot directly control\n     * (anything that relies on stavaluesN) to 0 to make sure the planner isn't influenced by what\n     * what the db collected from the test data.\n     * Because we do our tests with `generic_plan` it seems it's already unlikely that the planner will be\n     * using things like common values or histogram bounds to make the planning decisions we care about.\n     * This is a just in case.\n     */\n    const reltuplesQuery = dedent`\n        update pg_class p\n        set reltuples = v.reltuples,\n            relpages = v.relpages,\n            -- relallfrozen = case when v.relallfrozen is null then p.relallfrozen else v.relallfrozen end,\n            relallvisible = case when v.relallvisible is null then p.relallvisible else v.relallvisible end\n        from jsonb_to_recordset($1::jsonb)\n            as v(reltuples real, relpages integer, relallfrozen integer, relallvisible integer, relname text, schema_name text)\n        where p.relname = v.relname\n        and p.relnamespace = (select oid from pg_namespace where nspname = v.schema_name)\n        returning p.relname, p.relnamespace, p.reltuples, p.relpages;\n        `;\n\n    const additionalIndexReltuples = await this.getAdditionalIndexReltuples(tx);\n\n    const reltuplesPromise = tx\n      .exec(reltuplesQuery, [\n        [...this.computedStats.reltuples, ...additionalIndexReltuples],\n      ])\n      .catch((err) => {\n        console.error(\"Something went wrong updating reltuples/relpages\");\n        console.error(err);\n        return err;\n      });\n\n    if (this.exportedMetadata) {\n      for (const table of this.exportedMetadata) {\n        const tableExists = processedTables.has(\n          `${table.schemaName}.${table.tableName}`,\n        );\n        if (tableExists && table.reltuples === -1) {\n          console.warn(\n            `Table ${table.tableName} has reltuples -1. Your production database is probably not analyzed properly`,\n          );\n          warnings.tableNotAnalyzed.push(\n            `${table.schemaName}.${table.tableName}`,\n          );\n        }\n        if (tableExists) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        warnings.tablesNotInTest.push(`${table.schemaName}.${table.tableName}`);\n      }\n    }\n    const [statsUpdates, reltuplesUpdates] = await Promise.all([\n      columnStatsUpdatePromise,\n      reltuplesPromise,\n    ]);\n    const updatedColumnsProperly = statsUpdates\n      ? statsUpdates.length === this.computedStats.columnStats.length\n      : true;\n    if (!updatedColumnsProperly) {\n      console.error(`Did not update expected column stats`);\n    }\n    if (reltuplesUpdates.length !== this.computedStats.reltuples.length) {\n      console.error(`Did not update expected reltuples/relpages`);\n    }\n    return warnings;\n  }\n\n  private static readonly columnStatsSQL = dedent`\n    WITH input AS (\n      SELECT\n        c.oid AS starelid,\n        a.attnum AS staattnum,\n        v.stainherit,\n        v.stanullfrac,\n        v.stawidth,\n        v.stadistinct,\n        v.stakind1,\n        v.stakind2,\n        v.stakind3,\n        v.stakind4,\n        v.stakind5,\n        v.staop1,\n        v.staop2,\n        v.staop3,\n        v.staop4,\n        v.staop5,\n        v.stacoll1,\n        v.stacoll2,\n        v.stacoll3,\n        v.stacoll4,\n        v.stacoll5,\n        v.stanumbers1,\n        v.stanumbers2,\n        v.stanumbers3,\n        v.stanumbers4,\n        v.stanumbers5,\n        v.stavalues1,\n        v.stavalues2,\n        v.stavalues3,\n        v.stavalues4,\n        v.stavalues5,\n        _value_type1,\n        _value_type2,\n        _value_type3,\n        _value_type4,\n        _value_type5\n      FROM jsonb_to_recordset($1::jsonb) AS v(\n        schema_name text,\n        table_name text,\n        column_name text,\n        stainherit boolean,\n        stanullfrac real,\n        stawidth integer,\n        stadistinct real,\n        stakind1 real,\n        stakind2 real,\n        stakind3 real,\n        stakind4 real,\n        stakind5 real,\n        staop1 oid,\n        staop2 oid,\n        staop3 oid,\n        staop4 oid,\n        staop5 oid,\n        stacoll1 oid,\n        stacoll2 oid,\n        stacoll3 oid,\n        stacoll4 oid,\n        stacoll5 oid,\n        stanumbers1 real[],\n        stanumbers2 real[],\n        stanumbers3 real[],\n        stanumbers4 real[],\n        stanumbers5 real[],\n        stavalues1 text[],\n        stavalues2 text[],\n        stavalues3 text[],\n        stavalues4 text[],\n        stavalues5 text[],\n        _value_type1 text,\n        _value_type2 text,\n        _value_type3 text,\n        _value_type4 text,\n        _value_type5 text\n      )\n      JOIN pg_class c ON c.relname = v.table_name\n      JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace AND n.nspname = v.schema_name\n      JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.oid AND a.attname = v.column_name\n    ),\n    updated AS (\n      UPDATE pg_statistic s\n      SET\n        stanullfrac = i.stanullfrac,\n        stawidth = i.stawidth,\n        stadistinct = i.stadistinct,\n        stakind1 = i.stakind1,\n        stakind2 = i.stakind2,\n        stakind3 = i.stakind3,\n        stakind4 = i.stakind4,\n        stakind5 = i.stakind5,\n        staop1 = i.staop1,\n        staop2 = i.staop2,\n        staop3 = i.staop3,\n        staop4 = i.staop4,\n        staop5 = i.staop5,\n        stacoll1 = i.stacoll1,\n        stacoll2 = i.stacoll2,\n        stacoll3 = i.stacoll3,\n        stacoll4 = i.stacoll4,\n        stacoll5 = i.stacoll5,\n        stanumbers1 = i.stanumbers1,\n        stanumbers2 = i.stanumbers2,\n        stanumbers3 = i.stanumbers3,\n        stanumbers4 = i.stanumbers4,\n        stanumbers5 = i.stanumbers5,\n        stavalues1 = case\n          when i.stavalues1 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues1::text::cstring, i._value_type1::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues2 = case\n          when i.stavalues2 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues2::text::cstring, i._value_type2::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues3 = case\n          when i.stavalues3 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues3::text::cstring, i._value_type3::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues4 = case\n          when i.stavalues4 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues4::text::cstring, i._value_type4::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end,\n        stavalues5 = case\n          when i.stavalues5 is null then null\n          else array_in(i.stavalues5::text::cstring, i._value_type5::regtype::oid, -1)\n        end\n        -- stavalues1 = i.stavalues1,\n        -- stavalues2 = i.stavalues2,\n        -- stavalues3 = i.stavalues3,\n        -- stavalues4 = i.stavalues4,\n        -- stavalues5 = i.stavalues5\n      FROM input i\n      WHERE s.starelid = i.starelid AND s.staattnum = i.staattnum AND s.stainherit = i.stainherit\n      RETURNING s.starelid, s.staattnum, s.stainherit, s.stakind1, s.stakind2, s.stakind3, s.stakind4, s.stakind5\n    ),\n    inserted as (\n      INSERT INTO pg_statistic (\n        starelid, staattnum, stainherit,\n        stanullfrac, stawidth, stadistinct,\n        stakind1, stakind2, stakind3, stakind4, stakind5,\n        staop1, staop2, staop3, staop4, staop5,\n        stacoll1, stacoll2, stacoll3, stacoll4, stacoll5,\n        stanumbers1, stanumbers2, stanumbers3, stanumbers4, stanumbers5,\n        stavalues1, stavalues2, stavalues3, stavalues4, stavalues5\n      )\n      SELECT\n      i.starelid, i.staattnum, i.stainherit,\n      i.stanullfrac, i.stawidth, i.stadistinct,\n      i.stakind1, i.stakind2, i.stakind3, i.stakind4, i.stakind5,\n      i.staop1, i.staop2, i.staop3, i.staop4, i.staop5,\n      i.stacoll1, i.stacoll2, i.stacoll3, i.stacoll4, i.stacoll5,\n      i.stanumbers1, i.stanumbers2, i.stanumbers3, i.stanumbers4, i.stanumbers5,\n      -- i.stavalues1, i.stavalues2, i.stavalues3, i.stavalues4, i.stavalues5,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues1 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues1::text::cstring, i._value_type1::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues2 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues2::text::cstring, i._value_type2::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues3 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues3::text::cstring, i._value_type3::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues4 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues4::text::cstring, i._value_type4::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end,\n      case\n        when i.stavalues5 is null then null\n        else array_in(i.stavalues5::text::cstring, i._value_type5::regtype::oid, -1)\n      end\n      -- i._value_type1, i._value_type2, i._value_type3, i._value_type4, i._value_type5\n      FROM input i\n      LEFT JOIN updated u\n        ON i.starelid = u.starelid AND i.staattnum = u.staattnum AND i.stainherit = u.stainherit\n      WHERE u.starelid IS NULL\n      returning starelid, staattnum, stainherit, stakind1, stakind2, stakind3, stakind4, stakind5\n    )\n    select * from updated union all (select * from inserted); -- @qd_introspection`;\n\n  static async dumpStats(\n    db: PostgresTransaction,\n    postgresVersion: PostgresVersion,\n  ): Promise<ExportedStats[]> {\n    console.log(`dumping stats for postgres ${gray(postgresVersion)}`);\n    const stats = await db.exec<{ json_agg: ExportedStats[] }>(DUMP_STATS_SQL);\n    const out = z.array(ExportedStats).parse(stats[0].json_agg ?? []);\n    return out;\n  }\n}\n\nexport type ColumnMetadata = {\n  columnName: string;\n  dataType: string;\n  isNullable: boolean;\n  stats: ColumnStats | null;\n};\n\ntype ColumnStats = {\n  stainherit: boolean;\n  stanullfrac: number;\n  stawidth: number;\n  stadistinct: number;\n  stakind1: number;\n  stakind2: number;\n  stakind3: number;\n  stakind4: number;\n  stakind5: number;\n  staop1: number;\n  staop2: number;\n  staop3: number;\n  staop4: number;\n  staop5: number;\n  stacoll1: number;\n  stacoll2: number;\n  stacoll3: number;\n  stacoll4: number;\n  stacoll5: number;\n  stanumbers1: number;\n  stanumbers2: number;\n  stanumbers3: number;\n  stanumbers4: number;\n  stanumbers5: number;\n};\n\nexport type TableMetadata = {\n  tableName: string;\n  schemaName: string;\n  reltuples: number;\n  relpages: number;\n  relallvisible: number;\n  relallfrozen?: number;\n  columns: ColumnMetadata[];\n};\n\ntype TableName = string;\nexport type TableStats = {\n  tupleEstimate: 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package/dist/optimizer/statistics.d.cts

@@ -437,11 +437,6 @@ declare class Statistics {
   private restoreStats17;
   private static readonly columnStatsSQL;
   static dumpStats(db: PostgresTransaction, postgresVersion: PostgresVersion): Promise<ExportedStats[]>;
-  /**
-   * Returns all indexes in the database.
-   * ONLY handles regular btree indexes
-   */
-  getExistingIndexes(): Promise<IndexedTable[]>;
 }
 type ColumnMetadata = {
   columnName: string;
@@ -494,20 +489,6 @@ type SerializeResult = {
   serialized: string;
   sampledRecords: Record<TableName, number>;
 };
-type IndexOrder = "ASC" | "DESC";
-type IndexedTable = {
-  index_columns: Array<{
-    name: string;
-    order: IndexOrder;
-    opclass?: string;
-  }>;
-  is_primary: boolean;
-  is_unique: boolean;
-  index_name: string;
-  index_type: "btree" | "gin" | (string & {});
-  schema_name: string;
-  table_name: string;
-};
 //#endregion
-export { ColumnMetadata, ComputedColumnStats, ComputedReltuples, ComputedStats, DUMP_STATS_SQL, ExportedStats, ExportedStatsColumns, ExportedStatsIndex, ExportedStatsStatistics, ExportedStatsV1, IndexOrder, IndexedTable, Path, SerializeResult, Statistics, StatisticsMode, StatisticsSource, TableMetadata, TableStats };
+export { ColumnMetadata, ComputedColumnStats, ComputedReltuples, ComputedStats, DUMP_STATS_SQL, ExportedStats, ExportedStatsColumns, ExportedStatsIndex, ExportedStatsStatistics, ExportedStatsV1, Path, SerializeResult, Statistics, StatisticsMode, StatisticsSource, TableMetadata, TableStats };
 //# sourceMappingURL=statistics.d.cts.map

package/dist/optimizer/statistics.d.cts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/optimizer/statistics.d.mts

@@ -437,11 +437,6 @@ declare class Statistics {
   private restoreStats17;
   private static readonly columnStatsSQL;
   static dumpStats(db: PostgresTransaction, postgresVersion: PostgresVersion): Promise<ExportedStats[]>;
-  /**
-   * Returns all indexes in the database.
-   * ONLY handles regular btree indexes
-   */
-  getExistingIndexes(): Promise<IndexedTable[]>;
 }
 type ColumnMetadata = {
   columnName: string;
@@ -494,20 +489,6 @@ type SerializeResult = {
   serialized: string;
   sampledRecords: Record<TableName, number>;
 };
-type IndexOrder = "ASC" | "DESC";
-type IndexedTable = {
-  index_columns: Array<{
-    name: string;
-    order: IndexOrder;
-    opclass?: string;
-  }>;
-  is_primary: boolean;
-  is_unique: boolean;
-  index_name: string;
-  index_type: "btree" | "gin" | (string & {});
-  schema_name: string;
-  table_name: string;
-};
 //#endregion
-export { ColumnMetadata, ComputedColumnStats, ComputedReltuples, ComputedStats, DUMP_STATS_SQL, ExportedStats, ExportedStatsColumns, ExportedStatsIndex, ExportedStatsStatistics, ExportedStatsV1, IndexOrder, IndexedTable, Path, SerializeResult, Statistics, StatisticsMode, StatisticsSource, TableMetadata, TableStats };
+export { ColumnMetadata, ComputedColumnStats, ComputedReltuples, ComputedStats, DUMP_STATS_SQL, ExportedStats, ExportedStatsColumns, ExportedStatsIndex, ExportedStatsStatistics, ExportedStatsV1, Path, SerializeResult, Statistics, StatisticsMode, StatisticsSource, TableMetadata, TableStats };
 //# sourceMappingURL=statistics.d.mts.map

package/dist/optimizer/statistics.d.mts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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