yaml-schema 1.0.0

checksums.yaml

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data/Gemfile

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+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+source "https://rubygems.org"
+
+gemspec

data/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
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data/README.md

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+# yaml-schema
+
+A library for validating YAML documents against a schema.
+
+## Overview
+
+`yaml-schema` is a schema validation library that allows you to enforce type safety and structural constraints on YAML files. It works directly with an AST (which can be obtained from Psych) representation to provide strict validation without implicit type coercion.
+
+## Usage
+
+### Basic Validation
+
+```ruby
+require 'yaml-schema'
+
+schema = {
+  type: 'object',
+  properties: {
+    name: { type: 'string' },
+    age: { type: 'integer' },
+    active: { type: 'boolean' }
+  }
+}
+
+yaml_string = <<~YAML
+  name: "John Doe"
+  age: 30
+  active: true
+YAML
+
+node = Psych.parse(yaml_string)
+YAMLSchema::Validator.validate(schema, node.children.first)
+```
+
+### Supported Types
+
+- **string** - Scalar string values
+- **integer** - Numeric integers
+- **boolean** - Boolean values (true/false)
+- **null** - Null values
+- **array** - Sequences with optional constraints
+  - `items` - Schema for all array elements
+  - `prefixItems` - Fixed-position tuple validation
+  - `maxItems` - Maximum array length
+- **object** - Mappings with properties
+  - `properties` - Named properties with schemas
+  - `items` - Schema for arbitrary key-value pairs
+  - `tag` - Optional YAML tag requirement
+
+### Type Unions
+
+Specify multiple valid types for a field:
+
+```ruby
+schema = {
+  type: 'object',
+  properties: {
+    value: { type: ['null', 'string'] }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Nested Objects and Arrays
+
+```ruby
+schema = {
+  type: 'object',
+  properties: {
+    users: {
+      type: 'array',
+      items: {
+        type: 'object',
+        properties: {
+          name: { type: 'string' },
+          tags: {
+            type: 'array',
+            items: { type: 'string' }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Error Handling
+
+Validation errors include detailed path information:
+
+```ruby
+begin
+  YAMLSchema::Validator.validate(schema, node)
+rescue YAMLSchema::Validator::UnexpectedType => e
+  puts e.message  # e.g., "Expected integer at root -> age"
+end
+```
+
+### Error Types
+
+- `UnexpectedType` - Node doesn't match expected type
+- `UnexpectedProperty` - Object has unexpected properties
+- `UnexpectedTag` - YAML tag doesn't match schema
+- `UnexpectedValue` - Value doesn't match constraints
+- `InvalidSchema` - Schema definition is invalid

data/Rakefile

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+require 'rake/testtask'
+require "bundler"
+Bundler::GemHelper.install_tasks
+
+Rake::TestTask.new(:test) do |t|
+  t.libs << "test"
+  t.libs << "lib"
+  t.test_files = FileList["test/**/*_test.rb"]
+  t.warning = true
+end
+
+task :default => :test

data/lib/yaml-schema.rb

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+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module YAMLSchema
+  class Validator
+    class Exception < StandardError; end
+    class UnexpectedType < Exception; end
+    class UnexpectedProperty < Exception; end
+    class UnexpectedTag < Exception; end
+    class UnexpectedValue < Exception; end
+    class InvalidSchema < Exception; end
+
+    Valid = Struct.new(:exception).new.freeze
+
+    ##
+    # Given a particular schema, validate that the node conforms to the
+    # schema. Raises an exception if it is invalid
+    def self.validate(schema, node)
+      INSTANCE.validate schema, node
+    end
+
+    module NodeInfo # :nodoc:
+      def self.read_tag(node)
+        node.tag
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize(node_info = NodeInfo)
+      @node_info = node_info
+    end
+
+    INSTANCE = new.freeze
+
+    ##
+    # Given a particular schema, validate that the node conforms to the
+    # schema. Raises an exception if it is invalid
+    def validate(schema, node)
+      val = _validate(schema["type"], schema, node, Valid, {}, ["root"])
+      if val.exception
+        raise val
+      else
+        true
+      end
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # Given a particular schema, validate that the node conforms to the
+    # schema. Returns an error object if the node is invalid, otherwise false.
+    def invalid?(schema, node)
+      res = _validate(schema["type"], schema, node, Valid, {}, ["root"])
+      if Valid == res
+        false
+      else
+        res
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def make_error(klass, msg, path)
+      ex = klass.new msg + " path: #{path.join(" -> ")}"
+      ex.set_backtrace caller
+      ex
+    end
+
+    def _validate(type, schema, node, valid, aliases, path)
+      return valid if valid.exception
+
+      if node.anchor
+        if node.alias?
+          node = aliases[node.anchor]
+        else
+          aliases[node.anchor] = node
+        end
+      end
+
+      tag = @node_info.read_tag(node)
+
+      if Array === type
+        v = valid
+        type.each do |t|
+          v = _validate t, schema, node, valid, aliases, path
+          unless v.exception
+            break
+          end
+        end
+        valid = v
+        return valid
+      end
+
+      if type == "object"
+        if tag != schema["tag"]
+          if schema["tag"]
+            if node.tag
+              return make_error UnexpectedTag, "expected tag #{schema["tag"].dump}, but got #{node.tag.dump}", path
+            else
+              return make_error UnexpectedTag, "expected tag #{schema["tag"].dump}, but none specified", path
+            end
+          else
+            return make_error UnexpectedTag, "expected no tag, but got #{node.tag.dump}", path
+          end
+        end
+      else
+        if tag
+          return make_error UnexpectedTag, "expected no tag, but got #{node.tag.dump}", path
+        end
+      end
+
+      case type
+      when "object"
+        unless node.mapping?
+          return make_error UnexpectedType, "expected Mapping, got #{node.class.name.dump}", path
+        end
+        if schema["properties"]
+          properties = schema["properties"].dup
+          node.children.each_slice(2) do |key, val|
+            valid = _validate("string", {}, key, valid, aliases, path)
+
+            return valid if valid.exception
+
+            sub_schema = properties.delete(key.value) {
+              return make_error UnexpectedProperty, "unknown property #{key.value.dump}", path
+            }
+            valid = _validate(sub_schema["type"], sub_schema, val, valid, aliases, path + [key.value])
+
+            return valid if valid.exception
+          end
+        else
+          if schema["items"]
+            sub_schema = schema["items"]
+            node.children.each_slice(2) do |key, val|
+              valid = _validate("string", {}, key, valid, aliases, path)
+              return valid if valid.exception
+              valid = _validate(sub_schema["type"], sub_schema, val, valid, aliases, path + [key.value])
+              return valid if valid.exception
+            end
+          else
+            raise InvalidSchema, "objects must specify items or properties"
+          end
+        end
+      when "string"
+        unless node.scalar?
+          return make_error UnexpectedType, "expected Scalar, got #{node.class.name.dump}", path
+        end
+
+        unless node.quoted || node.tag == "!str"
+          if node.value == "false" || node.value == "true"
+            return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected string, got boolean", path
+          end
+
+          if node.value == ""
+            return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected string, got null", path
+          end
+
+          if node.value.match?(/^[-+]?(?:0|[1-9](?:[0-9]|,[0-9]|_[0-9])*)$/)
+            return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected string, got integer", path
+          end
+        end
+      when "array"
+        unless node.sequence?
+          return make_error UnexpectedType, "expected Sequence, got #{node.class.name.dump}", path
+        end
+
+        if schema["maxItems"] && node.children.length > schema["maxItems"]
+          return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected maximum #{schema["maxItems"]} items, but found #{node.children.length}", path
+        end
+
+        if schema["items"]
+          node.children.each_with_index { |item, i|
+            sub_schema = schema["items"]
+            valid = _validate sub_schema["type"], sub_schema, item, valid, aliases, path + [i]
+          }
+        elsif schema["prefixItems"]
+          node.children.each_with_index { |item, i|
+            sub_schema = schema["prefixItems"][i]
+            valid = _validate sub_schema["type"], sub_schema, item, valid, aliases, path + [i]
+          }
+        else
+          raise NotImplementedError
+        end
+      when "null"
+        unless node.scalar?
+          return make_error UnexpectedType, "expected Scalar, got #{node.class.name.dump}", path
+        end
+
+        unless node.value == ""
+          return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected empty string, got #{node.value.dump}", path
+        end
+      when "boolean"
+        unless node.scalar?
+          return make_error UnexpectedType, "expected Scalar, got #{node.class.name.dump}", path
+        end
+        unless node.value == "false" || node.value == "true"
+          return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected 'true' or 'false' for boolean", path
+        end
+      when "integer"
+        unless node.scalar?
+          return make_error UnexpectedType, "expected Scalar, got #{node.class.name.dump}", path
+        end
+        if node.quoted
+          return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected integer, got string", path
+        end
+        unless node.value.match?(/^[-+]?(?:0|[1-9](?:[0-9]|,[0-9]|_[0-9])*)$/)
+          return make_error UnexpectedValue, "expected integer, got string", path
+        end
+      else
+        raise "unknown type #{schema["type"]}"
+      end
+
+      valid
+    end
+  end
+end

data/test/validator_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,405 @@
+require "minitest/autorun"
+require "yaml-schema"
+require "psych"
+
+module YAMLSchema
+  class Validator
+    class ErrorTest < Minitest::Test
+      def test_missing_tag
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo: bar")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedTag do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "object",
+            "tag" => "aaron"
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_wrong_tag
+        ast = Psych.parse("--- !lolol\nfoo: bar")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedTag do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "object",
+            "tag" => "aaron"
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/lolol/, ex.message)
+      end
+
+      def test_wrong_type
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo: bar")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedType do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "string",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/Scalar/, ex.message)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedType do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "object",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/Mapping/, ex.message)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedType do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "array",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/Sequence/, ex.message)
+      end
+
+      def test_null_error
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "null",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/empty string/, ex.message)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo: bar")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedType do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "null",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/Scalar/, ex.message)
+      end
+
+      def test_boolean_error
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "boolean",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/true/, ex.message)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo: bar")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedType do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "boolean",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/Scalar/, ex.message)
+      end
+
+      def test_integer_error
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "integer",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/expected integer/, ex.message)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("'foo'")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "integer",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/expected integer/, ex.message)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("foo: bar")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedType do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "integer",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/Scalar/, ex.message)
+      end
+
+      def test_error_in_array_sequence
+        ast = Psych.parse("- foo\n- 1")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "array",
+            "items" => { "type" => "integer" }
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("- 1\n- foo")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "array",
+            "items" => { "type" => "integer" }
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_error_in_array_sequence_prefixItems
+        ast = Psych.parse("- foo\n- 1")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "array",
+            "prefixItems" => [
+              { "type" => "integer" },
+              { "type" => "integer" },
+            ]
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("- foo\n- 1")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "array",
+            "prefixItems" => [
+              { "type" => "string" },
+              { "type" => "string" },
+            ]
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_invalid_string
+        ast = Psych.parse("1")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "string",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("false")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "string",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("true")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "string",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("--- ")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "string",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_valid_quoted_string
+        ast = Psych.parse("'1'")
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => "string",
+        }, ast.children.first)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("'false'")
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => "string",
+        }, ast.children.first)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("'true'")
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => "string",
+        }, ast.children.first)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("--- ''")
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => "string",
+        }, ast.children.first)
+      end
+
+      def test_multiple_valid
+        ast = Psych.parse("'1'")
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => ["string", "integer"],
+        }, ast.children.first)
+      end
+
+      def test_multiple_invalid
+        ast = Psych.parse("'1'")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => ["null", "integer"],
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_multiple_valid_array_type
+        ast = Psych.parse("- '1'")
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => ["null", "array"],
+          "items" => { "type" => "string" }
+        }, ast.children.first)
+      end
+
+      def test_multiple_invalid_array_type
+        ast = Psych.parse("- '1'")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => ["null", "array"],
+            "items" => { "type" => "integer" }
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("- 1\n- '123'")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => ["null", "array"],
+            "items" => { "type" => "integer" }
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_array_mixed_types
+        ast = Psych.parse(<<-eoyml)
+---
+segments: 
+- 3
+- 0
+- 0
+- beta3
+        eoyml
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => "object",
+          "properties" => {
+            "segments" => {
+              "type" => "array",
+              "items" => { "type" => ["integer", "string"] },
+            }
+          }
+        }, ast.children.first)
+      end
+
+      def test_nullable_with_tag
+        schema = {
+          "type" => ["null", "object"],
+          "tag" => "!foo",
+          "properties" => {
+            "segments" => { "type" => "string" }
+          }
+        }
+
+        ast = Psych.parse(<<-eoyml)
+--- !foo
+segments: foo
+        eoyml
+
+        assert Validator.validate(schema, ast.children.first)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("---")
+
+        assert Validator.validate(schema, ast.children.first)
+      end
+
+      def test_array_max_items
+        ast = Psych.parse("- 0\n- 1")
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => "array",
+          "items" => { "type" => "integer" },
+          "maxItems" => 2,
+        }, ast.children.first)
+
+        ast = Psych.parse("- 0\n- 1")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "array",
+            "items" => { "type" => "integer" },
+            "maxItems" => 1,
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_unexpected_tag
+        ast = Psych.parse("--- !lolol\n foo")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedTag do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "string",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/lolol/, ex.message)
+      end
+
+      def test_object_without_specified_properties
+        ast = Psych.parse("---\nfoo: bar")
+        assert_raises InvalidSchema do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "object",
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_invalid_sub_property
+        ast = Psych.parse("---\nfoo: \n  hello: world")
+        assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "object",
+            "properties" => {
+              "foo" => {
+                "type" => "object",
+                "properties" => {
+                  "hello" => {"type" => "integer"}
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_invalid_object_key_type # integer keys aren't allowed
+        ast = Psych.parse("---\nfoo: \n  1: 2")
+        ex = assert_raises UnexpectedValue do
+          Validator.validate({
+            "type" => "object",
+            "properties" => {
+              "foo" => {
+                "type" => "object",
+                "properties" => {
+                  "hello" => {"type" => "integer"}
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }, ast.children.first)
+        end
+        assert_match(/expected string, got integer/, ex.message)
+      end
+
+      def test_allow_objects_with_aliases
+        ast = Psych.parse(<<-eoyml)
+---
+foo: &1
+- foo
+bar: *1
+        eoyml
+        assert Validator.validate({
+          "type" => "object",
+          "properties" => {
+            "foo" => { "type" => "array", "items" => { "type" => "string" } },
+            "bar" => { "type" => "array", "items" => { "type" => "string" } },
+          },
+        }, ast.children.first)
+      end
+
+      class CustomInfo
+        def read_tag(node)
+          if node.tag == "!aaron"
+            "test"
+          else
+            node.tag
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def test_custom_node_info
+        validator = Validator.new(CustomInfo.new)
+        ast = Psych.parse("--- !aaron\nfoo: bar")
+        validator.validate({
+          "type" => "object",
+          "tag" => "test",
+          "properties" => {
+            "foo" => { "type" => "string" }
+          }
+        }, ast.children.first)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/yaml-schema.gemspec

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+$: << File.expand_path("lib")
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+  s.name        = "yaml-schema"
+  s.version     = "1.0.0"
+  s.summary     = "Validate YAML against a schema"
+  s.description = "If you need to validate YAML against a schema, use this"
+  s.authors     = ["Aaron Patterson"]
+  s.email       = "tenderlove@ruby-lang.org"
+  s.files       = `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0")
+  s.test_files  = s.files.grep(%r{^test/})
+  s.homepage    = "https://github.com/tenderlove/yaml-schema"
+  s.license     = "Apache-2.0"
+
+  s.add_development_dependency 'rake', '~> 13.0'
+  s.add_development_dependency 'psych', '~> 5.0'
+  s.add_development_dependency 'minitest', '~> 5.15'
+end

metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
+name: yaml-schema
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+  version: 1.0.0
+platform: ruby
+authors:
+- Aaron Patterson
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+date: 1980-01-02 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+dependencies:
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rake
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '13.0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '13.0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: psych
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: minitest
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.15'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.15'
+description: If you need to validate YAML against a schema, use this
+email: tenderlove@ruby-lang.org
+executables: []
+extensions: []
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+files:
+- Gemfile
+- LICENSE
+- README.md
+- Rakefile
+- lib/yaml-schema.rb
+- test/validator_test.rb
+- yaml-schema.gemspec
+homepage: https://github.com/tenderlove/yaml-schema
+licenses:
+- Apache-2.0
+metadata: {}
+rdoc_options: []
+require_paths:
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+requirements: []
+rubygems_version: 4.0.0.dev
+specification_version: 4
+summary: Validate YAML against a schema
+test_files:
+- test/validator_test.rb