xr 0.1.0

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data/.envrc ADDED
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+ #!/bin/sh
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+ use guix
data/.rubocop.yml ADDED
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+ require:
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+ - rubocop-rake
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+
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+ AllCops:
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+ TargetRubyVersion: 3.1
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+ NewCops: enable
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+ DisabledByDefault: true
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+
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+ Style/StringLiterals:
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+ Enabled: true
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+ EnforcedStyle: double_quotes
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+
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+ Style/StringLiteralsInInterpolation:
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+ Enabled: true
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+ EnforcedStyle: double_quotes
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+
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+ Layout/LineLength:
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+ Max: 120
data/CHANGELOG.md ADDED
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+ ## Unreleased
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+
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+ ## 0.1.0 - 2024-09-21
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+
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+ - Initial release
data/LICENSE ADDED
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+
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+ Apache License
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data/README.md ADDED
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+ # Xr
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+
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+ Domain specific language (DSL) for Ruby's regular expression.
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+
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+ ## Installation
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+
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+ Install the gem and add to the application's Gemfile by executing:
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+
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+ $ bundle add xr
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+
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+ If bundler is not being used to manage dependencies, install the gem by executing:
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+
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+ $ gem install xr
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+
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+ ## Usage
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+
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+ Please see [syntax.ja.rdoc](syntax.ja.rdoc) (Japanese) or tests.
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+
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+ For a really simple example, digits can be written as...
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+
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+ ``` ruby
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+ Xr { _ + /\d/ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ ... which compiles to `\d+` or something like that.
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+
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+ ## Development
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+
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+ After checking out the repo, run `bin/setup` to install dependencies.
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+ Then, run `rake test` to run the tests.
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+ You can also run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.
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+
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+ To install this gem onto your local machine, run `bundle exec rake install`. To release a new version, update the version number in `version.rb`, and then run `bundle exec rake release`, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and the created tag, and push the `.gem` file to [rubygems.org](https://rubygems.org).
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+
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+ ## Contributing
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+
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+ Bug reports and pull requests are welcome.
data/Rakefile ADDED
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ require "bundler/gem_tasks"
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+ require "rake/testtask"
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+
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+ Rake::TestTask.new(:test) do |t|
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+ t.libs << "test"
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+ t.libs << "lib"
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+ t.test_files = FileList["test/**/*_test.rb"]
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+ end
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+
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+ require "rubocop/rake_task"
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+
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+ RuboCop::RakeTask.new
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+
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+ # TODO: Add RuboCop.
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+ task default: %i[test]
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+
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+ require "rdoc/task"
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+
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+ RDoc::Task.new do |rdoc|
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+ rdoc.main = "REDME.md"
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+ rdoc.rdoc_files.include("lib/**/*.rb", "README.md", "syntax.ja.rdoc")
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+ end
data/lib/xr.rb ADDED
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ class Xr
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+ VERSION = "0.1.0"
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+ Error = Class.new(StandardError)
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+
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+ UNMATCHABLE = Regexp.union([]) # :nodoc:
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+
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+ def initialize(greedy: true)
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+ @greedy = greedy
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+ end
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+
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+ def unmatchable = UNMATCHABLE
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+
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+ def _ *exprs
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+ case exprs
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+ in [] then Xr.new
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+ in Integer => num, *exprs
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+ expr = Xr { exprs }
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+ Regexp.new("(#{expr}){#{num}}")
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+ in Range => range, *exprs
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+ expr = Xr { exprs }
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+ Regexp.new("(#{expr}){#{range.begin},#{range.end}}")
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def _? *exprs, &block
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+ block_given? and return Xr.new(greedy: false).instance_eval(&block)
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+ case exprs
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+ in [] then Xr.new(greedy: false)
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+ else
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+ expr = try_to_s(Xr { exprs })
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+ Regexp.new(@greedy ? "(#{expr})?" : "(#{expr})??")
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def | other
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+ @expr = @expr ? Regexp.union([@expr, other].map { parse(_1) }) : parse(other)
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+ self
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+ end
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+
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+ def *(*exprs)
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+ expr = try_to_s(Xr { exprs })
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+ Regexp.new(@greedy ? "(#{expr})*" : "(#{expr})*?")
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+ end
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+
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+ def +(*exprs)
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+ expr = try_to_s(Xr { exprs })
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+ Regexp.new(@greedy ? "(#{expr})+" : "(#{expr})+?")
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+ end
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+
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+ def any(*sets)
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+ set = sets.map { try_to_s(_1) }.join
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+ Regexp.new("[#{set}]")
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+ end
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+
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+ def except(*sets)
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+ set = sets.map { try_to_s(_1) }.join
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+ Regexp.new("[^#{set}]")
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+ end
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+
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+ def group(name = nil, &block)
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+ expr = Xr.new.instance_eval(&block)
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+ if name
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+ valid_name?(name) or raise Error, "invalid group name"
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+ Regexp.new("(?<#{name}>#{expr})")
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+ else Regexp.new("(#{expr})")
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def backref(name)
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+ case name
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+ in Integer then ->(pre) { Regexp.new("#{pre}\\#{name}") }
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+ in Symbol | String
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+ name = name.to_s
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+ valid_name?(name) or raise Error, "invalid group name"
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+ ->(pre) { Regexp.new("#{pre}\\k<#{name}>") }
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def valid_name?(name) = name.match?(/ \A [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]* \z /x) # :nodoc:
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+
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+ def try_to_s(expr) # :nodoc:
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+ case expr
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+ in String then Regexp.escape(expr)
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+ in Regexp then expr.to_s
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+ in Range then "#{expr.begin}-#{expr.end}"
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+ in Proc then expr
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+ in Symbol then parse(expr).to_s
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def parse(expr) # :nodoc:
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+ case expr
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+ in String then Regexp.new(Regexp.escape(expr))
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+ in Regexp | Proc then expr
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+ in Xr then expr.instance_variable_get(:@expr)
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+ in Array
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+ pre, *exprs = *expr
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+ pre = try_to_s(pre).to_s
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+ exprs.each do |exp|
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+ if exp.respond_to?(:call)
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+ pre = exp.(pre).to_s
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+ else
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+ pre = "#{pre}#{try_to_s(exp)}"
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+ end
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+ end
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+ Regexp.new(pre)
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+ in :not_newline then Regexp.new(".")
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+ in :anychar then Regexp.new('[^a-z]')
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+ in :line_start then /^/
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+ in :line_end then /$/
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+ in :string_start then /\A/
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+ in :string_end then /\z/
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+ in :word_boundary then /\b/
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+ in :alpha | :alnum | :digit | :xdigit | :cntrl | :blank | :space |
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+ :lower | :upper |
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+ :graph | :print | :punct | :word | :ascii
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+ Regexp.new("[[:#{expr}:]]")
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def Xr(&block)
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+ xr = ::Xr.new
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+ pat = xr.parse(xr.instance_eval(&block))
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+ pat.respond_to?(:call) ? pat.() : pat
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+ end
data/manifest.scm ADDED
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+ (specifications->manifest (list "ruby@3.1" "ruby-rubocop" "ruby-rubocop-rake"))
data/sig/xr.rbs ADDED
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+ module Xr
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+ VERSION: String
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+ # See the writing guide of rbs: https://github.com/ruby/rbs#guides
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+ end
data/syntax.ja.rdoc ADDED
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+ = Xrの構文
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+
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+ Xrは正規表現を構築する領域特化言語です。
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+ 普通、 Xr メソッドを使います。
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+ このメソッドはブロックを受け付け、その中で表現します。
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+
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+ 構文の原則はいくつかあります。
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+
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+ まず、記号での表現と英語の単語があるとき、前者を優先します。
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+ 単語だと、利用者が使いたいものと衝突してしまうのではないか、という懸念からです。
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+ これを、<i>記号優先の原則</i>とします。
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+
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+ 次に、ある意味を表す記法は、基本的に1つ提供します。
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+ 様々には用意しません。
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+ これは、既存の記法で席が埋まってしまい、将来、新しく意味を定義できなくなることを防ぐためです。
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+ これを、<i>単一記法の原則</i>とします。
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+
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+ 3つ目に、対の意味を持たせたい記法でも、一般に対とされる記号を使うとは限りません。
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+
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+ Xr により作成された正規表現は、できるだけ、評価の回数が少なくなるようにしてください。
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+ 理想的には、トップレベルの定数として定義し、1度だけ評価することです。
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+ Xr は特に効率を意識していない実装であるため、毎回、表現を構築すると、時間が掛かります。
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+
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+ == 便覧
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+
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+ Xr のブロック内に何らかの直値があると、それを記法として解釈しようとします。
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+
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+ 正規表現はその表現自体です。
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+
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+ Xr { /a/ }
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+
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+ 文字列そのままは、それ自体の正規表現です。
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+ つまり、正規表現で使われる、特殊な文字は効果がありません。
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+ 額面通りの文字列にするため、ブロックが文字列に評価されたときは、正規表現のエスケープを施します。
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+
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+ Xr { "何らかの文字列" }
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+
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+ しかし、最後の式だけが使われることに注意してください。
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+
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+ Xr { "これは無視される"; "これは使われる" }
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+
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+ 配列は、要素を順番に連結したものです。
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+
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+ Xr { ["何らかの", "文字列"] }
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+
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+ +seq+ (+sequence+) というメソッドを提供することも考えました。
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+ 例えば、<tt>Xr { seq "何らかの", "文字列" }</tt>のようになります。
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+ また、空であれば単に<tt>Xr { seq }</tt>です。
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+ しかしこれは記号優先の原則により、取り下げました。
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+
51
+ また、<tt>&</tt>を2項演算子にすることも考えました。
52
+ しかしこれは、単一記法の原則により、取り下げました。
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+
54
+ Emacs Lispのrxパッケージ(以下 +rx.el+ とします)には、 +:+ や +and+ があります。
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+
56
+ 特定のシンボルは記法の中に書けます。
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+
58
+ +:not_newline+ は改行でない任意の1文字です。
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+
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+ Xr { :not_newline }
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+
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+ 以降のシンボルの例は省略します。
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+
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+ +nonl+ の追加は、単一記法の原則により行いません。
65
+ +rx.el+ では +not-newline+ があります。
66
+
67
+ +:anychar+ は任意の1文字です。
68
+ +anything+ の追加は、単一記法の原則により行いません。
69
+ +rx.el+ では +anychar+ があります。
70
+
71
+ +alpha+, +alnum+, +digit+, +xdigit+, +cntrl+, +blank+, +space+, +lower+, +upper+, +graph+, +print+, +punct+, +word+, +ascii+ は文字クラスです。
72
+ +rx.el+ にも同名のものがあります。
73
+
74
+ ゼロ幅断定として、 +line_start+, +line_end+, +string_start+, +string_end+, +word_boundary+ があります。
75
+ +rx.el+ には +line-start+, +line-end+, +string-start+, +string-end+, +word-boundary+ があります。
76
+
77
+ 文字集合は +any+ で表現されます。
78
+
79
+ Xr { any 'ab' }
80
+ Xr { any 'a', 'b' }
81
+
82
+ 含まれる文字はエスケープされるのでお気を付けください。
83
+ 以下では、ハイフンを特別な意味に解釈しません。
84
+
85
+ Xr { any 'a-b' }
86
+
87
+ 範囲も使えます。
88
+
89
+ Xr { any 'a'..'c' }
90
+
91
+ +char+ や +in+ は、統一記号の原則から取り下げました。
92
+ Set も考えられますが、逆に指定した文字集合以外の場合を考えて取り下げました。
93
+
94
+ +rx.el+ には +any+ があります。
95
+ ただし、そちらでは<tt>-</tt>を範囲として解釈します。
96
+
97
+ 除外する文字集合は +except+ で表します。
98
+
99
+ Xr { except 'a' }
100
+
101
+ +rx.el+ では +not+ があります。
102
+
103
+ グループは +group+ で囲みます。
104
+
105
+ Xr { group { 'a' } }
106
+
107
+ また、グループ名を付けられます。
108
+
109
+ Xr { group(:b) { 'b' } }
110
+
111
+ 後方参照は +backref+ です。
112
+
113
+ Xr { [group { 'a' }, backref(1)] }
114
+ Xr { [group(:b) { 'a' }, backref(:b)] }
115
+
116
+ === 選択
117
+
118
+ 選択は<tt>|</tt>で表します。
119
+
120
+ Xr { _ | 'a' | 'b' }
121
+
122
+ <tt>_ |</tt>は<tt>|</tt>で連結するためのおまじないと見れます。
123
+ 空の選択は、合致不能を意味するのですが、それについては後述します。
124
+
125
+ +choice+ を使うことも考えられましたが、記号優先の原則により、取り下げました。
126
+
127
+ +rx.el+ には +or+ があります。
128
+
129
+ 合致不能は +unmatchable+ です。
130
+
131
+ Xr { unmatchable }
132
+
133
+ +choice+ があれば、<tt>Xr { choice }</tt>と書けますが、意図が伝わりにくそうです。
134
+ +_!+ という記号も考えましたが、そこまで直感的でないように思われました。
135
+ そもそも、合致不能が頻用されるとは思えなかったため、記号への割り当てはしていません。
136
+
137
+ === 1回か0回
138
+
139
+ 1回か0回合致するには、<tt>_?</tt>とします。
140
+ 対象のパターンは位置引数に渡します。
141
+
142
+ Xr { _? 'a' }
143
+
144
+ +zero_or_one+ や +optional+ や +opt+ も考えましたが、記号優先の原則により取り下げました。
145
+
146
+ 最小合致で1回か0回合致するには、さらに<tt>_?</tt>のブロックで囲みます。
147
+
148
+ Xr { _? { _? 'a' } }
149
+
150
+ 最小合致の記法は提供していますが、最大合致の記法は提供していません。
151
+ +maximum_match+ を提供することも考えています。
152
+
153
+ === 0回以上
154
+
155
+ 0回以上の繰り返しは<tt>_ *</tt>を使います。
156
+
157
+ Xr { _ * 'a' }
158
+
159
+ +zero_or_more+ は記号優先の原則により取り下げました。
160
+
161
+ +rx.el+ では<tt>0+</tt>があります。
162
+
163
+ 最小合致の0回以上の繰り返しは、<tt>_? *</tt>とします。
164
+
165
+ Xr { _? * 'a' }
166
+
167
+ +minimal_match+ も考えましたが、記号優先の原則により取り下げました。
168
+
169
+ === 1回以上
170
+
171
+ 1回以上の繰り返しは<tt>_ +</tt>を使います。
172
+
173
+ Xr { _ + 'a' }
174
+
175
+ +one_or_more+ は記号優先の原則により取り下げました。
176
+
177
+ +rx.el+ では<tt>1+</tt>があります。
178
+
179
+ 最小合致の1回以上の繰り返しは、<tt>_? +</tt>とします。
180
+
181
+ Xr { _? + 'a' }
182
+
183
+ === 指定回数
184
+
185
+ 指定回数の繰り返しは<tt>_ <i>自然数</i>, ...</tt>です。
186
+
187
+ Xr { _ 3, 'a' }
188
+
189
+ +repeat+ は記号優先の原則により取り下げました。
190
+ <tt>_<i>自然数</i> = <i>式</i></tt>は、式を返すのでうまくいきません。
191
+
192
+ +rx.el+ には<tt>= <i>自然数</i></tt>や<tt>**</tt>があります。
193
+
194
+ 回数の上限も指定できます。
195
+
196
+ Xr { _ 3..5, 'a' }
197
+
198
+ <tt>Xr { _ 3, 5, 'a' }</tt>も考えられましたが、単一記法の原則により取り下げました。
199
+
200
+ 下限を指定することもできます。
201
+
202
+ Xr { _ 3.., 'a' }
203
+
204
+ +or_more+ は記号優先の原則により取り下げました。
205
+
206
+ +rx.el+ には<tt>>=</tt>があります。
207
+
208
+ 上限を指定することもできます。
209
+
210
+ Xr { _ (..3), 'a' }
211
+
212
+ == 実装予定の記法
213
+
214
+ +rx.el+ の +intersection+ は、文字集合の共通部分に合致するパターンです。
215
+ また、構文と分類がいろいろあります。
216
+ +word-start+ は単語の始めです。
217
+ +word-end+ は単語の終わりです。
218
+ +symbol-start+ はシンボルの始めです。
219
+ +symbol-end+ はシンボルの終わりです。
metadata ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
1
+ --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
2
+ name: xr
3
+ version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
4
+ version: 0.1.0
5
+ platform: ruby
6
+ authors:
7
+ - gemmaro
8
+ autorequire:
9
+ bindir: bin
10
+ cert_chain: []
11
+ date: 2024-09-21 00:00:00.000000000 Z
12
+ dependencies: []
13
+ description: xr gem is a domain specific language for the regular expression (Regexp)
14
+ like the rx package written in Emacs Lisp.
15
+ email:
16
+ - gemmaro.dev@gmail.com
17
+ executables: []
18
+ extensions: []
19
+ extra_rdoc_files: []
20
+ files:
21
+ - ".envrc"
22
+ - ".rubocop.yml"
23
+ - CHANGELOG.md
24
+ - LICENSE
25
+ - README.md
26
+ - Rakefile
27
+ - lib/xr.rb
28
+ - manifest.scm
29
+ - sig/xr.rbs
30
+ - syntax.ja.rdoc
31
+ homepage:
32
+ licenses:
33
+ - Apache-2.0
34
+ metadata: {}
35
+ post_install_message:
36
+ rdoc_options: []
37
+ require_paths:
38
+ - lib
39
+ required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
40
+ requirements:
41
+ - - ">="
42
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
43
+ version: '3.1'
44
+ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
45
+ requirements:
46
+ - - ">="
47
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
48
+ version: '0'
49
+ requirements: []
50
+ rubygems_version: 3.3.26
51
+ signing_key:
52
+ specification_version: 4
53
+ summary: Regexp DSL
54
+ test_files: []