twurl 0.9.4 → 0.9.5

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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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data/.gitignore

@@ -36,3 +36,5 @@ test/version_tmp
 tmp
 tmtags
 tramp
+.vscode
+vendor

data/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# How to Contribute
+
+We'd love to get patches from you!
+
+## Getting Started
+
+We follow the [GitHub Flow Workflow](https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/)
+
+1. Fork the project
+2. Check out the `master` branch
+3. Create a feature branch
+4. Write code and tests for your change
+5. From your branch, make a pull request against `twitter/twurl/master`
+6. Work with repo maintainers to get your change reviewed
+7. Wait for your change to be pulled into `twitter/twurl/master`
+8. Delete your feature branch
+
+## License
+
+By contributing your code, you agree to license your contribution under the
+terms of the MIT License: https://github.com/twitter/twurl/blob/master/LICENSE
+
+## Code of Conduct
+
+Read our [Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md) for the project.

data/INSTALL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Install
+
+## Install with RubyGems (recommended)
+
+```sh
+# installing the latest release
+$ gem install twurl
+```
+
+```sh
+# verify installation
+$ twurl -v
+0.9.4
+```
+
+## Install from source
+
+In case if you haven't installed `bundler` you need to install it first:
+
+```sh
+$ gem install bundler
+```
+
+```sh
+$ git clone https://github.com/twitter/twurl
+$ cd twurl
+$ bundle install
+```
+
+If you don't want to install Twurl globally on your system, use `--path` [option](https://bundler.io/v2.0/bundle_install.html):
+
+```
+$ bundle install --path path/to/directory
+$ bundle exec twurl -v
+0.9.4
+```

data/README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-Twurl
-=====
+# Twurl
+
+[![MIT License](https://img.shields.io/apm/l/atomic-design-ui.svg?)](https://github.com/twitter/twurl/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ [![Gem Version](https://badge.fury.io/rb/twurl.svg)](https://badge.fury.io/rb/twurl)
 
 Twurl is like curl, but tailored specifically for the Twitter API.
 It knows how to grant an access token to a client application for
@@ -10,34 +12,29 @@ as defining aliases for common requests, as well as support for
 multiple access tokens to easily switch between different client
 applications and Twitter accounts.
 
+## Installing Twurl
 
-Installing Twurl
-----------------
-
-Twurl can be installed using ruby gems:
+Twurl can be installed using RubyGems:
 
-```
+```sh
 gem install twurl
 ```
 
+## Getting Started
 
-Getting Started
----------------
+If you haven't already, the first thing to do is apply for a developer account to access Twitter APIs:
 
-If you haven't already, the first thing to do is apply for a developer account to access Twitter APIs: 
-
-```
+```text
 https://developer.twitter.com/en/apply-for-access
 ```
-  
-After you have that access you can create a Twitter app and generate a consumer key and secret.  
-  
+
+After you have that access you can create a Twitter app and generate a consumer key and secret.
 
 When you have your consumer key and its secret you authorize
-your Twitter account to make API requests with your consumer key
+your Twitter account to make API requests with that consumer key
 and secret.
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl authorize --consumer-key key       \
                 --consumer-secret secret
 ```
@@ -47,14 +44,12 @@ Authenticate to Twitter, and then enter the returned PIN back into
 the terminal.  Assuming all that works well, you will be authorized
 to make requests with the API. Twurl will tell you as much.
 
-
-Making Requests
----------------
+## Making Requests
 
 The simplest request just requires that you specify the path you
 want to request.
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl /1.1/statuses/home_timeline.json
 ```
 
@@ -63,47 +58,80 @@ Similar to curl, a GET request is performed by default.
 You can implicitly perform a POST request by passing the -d option,
 which specifies POST parameters.
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl -d 'status=Testing twurl' /1.1/statuses/update.json
 ```
 
 You can explicitly specify what request method to perform with
 the -X (or --request-method) option.
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl -X POST /1.1/statuses/destroy/1234567890.json
 ```
 
+## Using Bearer Tokens (Application-only authentication)
 
-Creating aliases
-----------------
+You can generate a bearer token using `--bearer` option in combination with the `authorize` subcommand.
 
+```sh
+twurl authorize --bearer --consumer-key key       \
+                         --consumer-secret secret
 ```
+
+And then, you can make a request using a generated bearer token using `--bearer` request option.
+
+```sh
+twurl --bearer '/1.1/search/tweets.json?q=hello'
+```
+
+To list your generated bearer tokens, you can use the `bearer_tokens` subcommand.
+
+```sh
+twurl bearer_tokens
+```
+
+This will print a pair of consumer_key and its associated bearer token. Note, tokens are omitted from this output.
+
+## Accessing Different Hosts
+
+You can access different hosts for other Twitter APIs using the -H flag.
+
+```sh
+twurl -H "ads-api.twitter.com" "/5/accounts"
+```
+
+## Uploading Media
+
+To upload binary files, you can format the call as a form post. Below, the binary is "/path/to/media.jpg" and the form field is "media":
+
+```sh
+twurl -H "upload.twitter.com" -X POST "/1.1/media/upload.json" --file "/path/to/media.jpg" --file-field "media"
+```
+
+## Creating aliases
+
+```sh
 twurl alias h /1.1/statuses/home_timeline.json
 ```
 
 You can then use "h" in place of the full path.
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl h
 ```
 
-Paths that require additional options such as request parameters for example can
-be used with aliases the same as with full explicit paths, just as you might
-expect.
+Paths that require additional options (such as request parameters, for example) can be used with aliases the same as with full explicit paths, just as you might expect.
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl alias tweet /1.1/statuses/update.json
 twurl tweet -d "status=Aliases in twurl are convenient"
 ```
 
+## Changing your default profile
 
-Changing your default profile
------------------------------
-
-The first time you authorize a client application to make requests on behalf of your account, twurl stores your access token information in its .twurlrc file. Subsequent requests will use this profile as the default profile. You can use the 'accounts' subcommand to see what client applications have been authorized for what user names:
+The first time you authorize a client application to make requests on behalf of your account, twurl stores your access token information in its `~/.twurlrc` file. Subsequent requests will use this profile as the default profile. You can use the `accounts` subcommand to see what client applications have been authorized for what user names:
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl accounts
   noradio
     HQsAGcBm5MQT4n6j7qVJw
@@ -112,9 +140,9 @@ twurl accounts
     guT9RsJbNQgVe6AwoY9BA
 ```
 
-Notice that one of those consumer keys is marked as the default. To change the default use the 'set' subcommand, passing then either just the username, if it's unambiguous, or the username and consumer key pair if it isn't unambiguous:
+Notice that one of those consumer keys is marked as the default. To change the default use the `set` subcommand, passing then either just the username, if it's unambiguous, or the username and consumer key pair if it isn't unambiguous:
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl set default testiverse
 twurl accounts
   noradio
@@ -124,7 +152,7 @@ twurl accounts
     guT9RsJbNQgVe6AwoY9BA (default)
 ```
 
-```
+```sh
 twurl set default noradio HQsAGcBm5MQT4n6j7qVJw
 twurl accounts
   noradio
@@ -134,10 +162,14 @@ twurl accounts
     guT9RsJbNQgVe6AwoY9BA
 ```
 
-Contributors
-------------
+### Profiles and Bearer Tokens
+
+While changing the default profile allows you to select which access token (OAuth1.0a) to use, bearer tokens don't link to any user profiles as the Application-only authentication doesn't require user context. That is, you can make an application-only request regardless of your default profile if you specify the `-c` (--consumer-key) option once you generate a bearer token with this consumer key. By default, twurl reads the current profile's consumer key and its associated bearer token from `~/.twurlrc` file.
+
+## Contributors
+
+Marcel Molina / @noradio
 
-Marcel Molina <marcel@twitter.com> / @noradio  
 Erik Michaels-Ober / @sferik
 
 and there are many [more](https://github.com/twitter/twurl/graphs/contributors)!

data/lib/twurl.rb

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ require 'optparse'
 require 'ostruct'
 require 'stringio'
 require 'yaml'
+require 'json'
 
 library_files = Dir[File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "/twurl/**/*.rb")].sort
 library_files.each do |file|

data/lib/twurl/app_only_oauth_client.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+require 'base64'
+require_relative 'oauth_client'
+
+module Twurl
+  class AppOnlyOAuthClient < Twurl::OAuthClient
+
+    AUTHORIZATION_FAILED_MESSAGE = "Authorization failed. Check that your consumer key and secret are correct."
+
+    attr_reader :consumer_key, :consumer_secret, :bearer_token
+
+    def initialize(options = {})
+      @consumer_key    = options['consumer_key']
+      @consumer_secret = options['consumer_secret']
+      @bearer_token    = options['bearer_token']
+    end
+
+    def save
+      self.class.rcfile.bearer_token(consumer_key, bearer_token)
+    end
+
+    def exchange_credentials_for_access_token
+      response = fetch_oauth2_token
+      if response.nil? || response[:access_token].nil?
+        raise Exception, AUTHORIZATION_FAILED_MESSAGE
+      end
+      @bearer_token = response[:access_token]
+    end
+
+    def perform_request_from_options(options, &block)
+      request = build_request_from_options(options)
+      request['user-agent'] = user_agent
+      request['authorization'] = "Bearer #{bearer_token}"
+
+      http_client.request(request, &block)
+    end
+
+    def needs_to_authorize?
+      bearer_token.nil?
+    end
+
+    def request_data
+      {'grant_type' => 'client_credentials'}
+    end
+
+    def http_client
+      uri = URI.parse(Twurl.options.base_url)
+      http = if Twurl.options.proxy
+        proxy_uri = URI.parse(Twurl.options.proxy)
+        Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port, proxy_uri.host, proxy_uri.port)
+      else
+        Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
+      end
+      set_http_client_options(http)
+    end
+
+    def set_http_client_options(http)
+      http.set_debug_output(Twurl.options.debug_output_io) if Twurl.options.trace
+      http.read_timeout = http.open_timeout = Twurl.options.timeout || 60
+      http.open_timeout = Twurl.options.connection_timeout if Twurl.options.connection_timeout
+      # Only override if Net::HTTP support max_retries (since Ruby >= 2.5)
+      http.max_retries = 0 if http.respond_to?(:max_retries=)
+      if Twurl.options.ssl?
+        http.use_ssl     = true
+        http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
+      end
+      http
+    end
+
+    def fetch_oauth2_token
+      request = Net::HTTP::Post.new('/oauth2/token')
+      request.body = URI.encode_www_form(request_data)
+      request['user-agent'] = user_agent
+      request['authorization'] = "Basic #{Base64.strict_encode64("#{consumer_key}:#{consumer_secret}")}"
+      response = http_client.request(request).body
+      JSON.parse(response,:symbolize_names => true)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/twurl/app_only_token_information_controller.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+module Twurl
+  class AppOnlyTokenInformationController < AbstractCommandController
+    NO_ISSUED_TOKENS_MESSAGE = "No issued application-only (Bearer) tokens"
+
+    def dispatch
+      rcfile = OAuthClient.rcfile
+      if rcfile.empty? || rcfile.bearer_tokens.nil?
+        CLI.puts NO_ISSUED_TOKENS_MESSAGE
+      else
+        tokens = rcfile.bearer_tokens
+        CLI.puts "[consumer_key: bearer_token]"
+        tokens.each_key do |consumer_key|
+          CLI.puts "#{consumer_key}: (omitted)"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/twurl/cli.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 module Twurl
   class CLI
-    SUPPORTED_COMMANDS     = %w(authorize accounts alias set)
+    SUPPORTED_COMMANDS     = %w(authorize accounts bearer_tokens alias set)
     DEFAULT_COMMAND        = 'request'
     PATH_PATTERN           = /^\/\w+/
     PROTOCOL_PATTERN       = /^\w+:\/\//
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ module Twurl
                        AuthorizationController
                      when 'accounts'
                        AccountInformationController
+                     when 'bearer_tokens'
+                       AppOnlyTokenInformationController
                      when 'alias'
                        AliasesController
                      when 'set'
@@ -87,8 +89,10 @@ Supported Commands: #{SUPPORTED_COMMANDS.sort.join(', ')}
             file
             filefield
             base64
+            json_format
             timeout
             connection_timeout
+            app_only
           end
         end
 
@@ -327,6 +331,12 @@ Supported Commands: #{SUPPORTED_COMMANDS.sort.join(', ')}
         end
       end
 
+      def json_format
+        on('-j', '--json-pretty', 'Format response body to JSON pretty style') do |json_format|
+          options.json_format = true
+        end
+      end
+
       def timeout
         on('--timeout [sec]', Integer, 'Number of seconds to wait for the request to be read (default: 60)') do |timeout|
           options.timeout = timeout
@@ -338,6 +348,12 @@ Supported Commands: #{SUPPORTED_COMMANDS.sort.join(', ')}
           options.connection_timeout = connection_timeout
         end
       end
+
+      def app_only
+        on('--bearer', "Use application-only authentication (Bearer Token)") do |app_only|
+          options.app_only = true
+        end
+      end
     end
   end
 

data/lib/twurl/oauth_client.rb

@@ -13,13 +13,23 @@ module Twurl
           load_client_for_username_and_consumer_key(options.username, options.consumer_key)
         elsif options.username
           load_client_for_username(options.username)
+        elsif options.command == 'authorize' && options.app_only
+          load_client_for_app_only_auth(options, options.consumer_key)
         elsif options.command == 'authorize'
           load_new_client_from_options(options)
+        elsif options.command == 'request' && has_oauth_options?(options)
+          load_new_client_from_oauth_options(options)
+        elsif options.command == 'request' && options.app_only && options.consumer_key
+          load_client_for_non_profile_app_only_auth(options)
         else
-          load_default_client
+          load_default_client(options)
         end
       end
 
+      def has_oauth_options?(options)
+        (options.consumer_key && options.consumer_secret && options.access_token && options.token_secret) ? true : false
+      end
+
       def load_client_for_username_and_consumer_key(username, consumer_key)
         user_profiles = rcfile[username]
         if user_profiles && attributes = user_profiles[consumer_key]
@@ -45,9 +55,52 @@ module Twurl
         new(options.oauth_client_options.merge('password' => options.password))
       end
 
-      def load_default_client
-        raise Exception, "You must authorize first" unless rcfile.default_profile
-        load_client_for_username_and_consumer_key(*rcfile.default_profile)
+      def load_new_client_from_oauth_options(options)
+        new(options.oauth_client_options.merge(
+            'token' => options.access_token,
+            'secret' => options.token_secret
+          )
+        )
+      end
+
+      def load_client_for_app_only_auth(options, consumer_key)
+        if options.command == 'authorize'
+          AppOnlyOAuthClient.new(options)
+        else
+          AppOnlyOAuthClient.new(
+            options.oauth_client_options.merge(
+              'bearer_token' => rcfile.bearer_tokens.to_hash[consumer_key]
+            )
+          )
+        end
+      end
+
+      def load_client_for_non_profile_app_only_auth(options)
+        AppOnlyOAuthClient.new(
+          options.oauth_client_options.merge(
+            'bearer_token' => rcfile.bearer_tokens.to_hash[options.consumer_key]
+          )
+        )
+      end
+
+      def load_default_client(options)
+        return if options.command == 'bearer_tokens'
+
+        exception_message = "You must authorize first."
+        app_only_exception_message = "To use --bearer option, you need to authorize (OAuth1.0a) and create at least one user profile (~/.twurlrc):\n\n" \
+                                     "twurl authorize -c key -s secret\n" \
+                                     "\nor, you can specify issued token's consumer_key directly:\n" \
+                                     "(to see your issued tokens: 'twurl bearer_tokens')\n\n" \
+                                     "twurl --bearer -c key '/path/to/api'"
+
+        raise Exception, "#{options.app_only ? app_only_exception_message : exception_message}" unless rcfile.default_profile
+        if options.app_only
+            raise Exception, "No available bearer token found for consumer_key:#{rcfile.default_profile_consumer_key}" \
+              unless rcfile.has_bearer_token_for_consumer_key?(rcfile.default_profile_consumer_key)
+            load_client_for_app_only_auth(options, rcfile.default_profile_consumer_key)
+        else
+          load_client_for_username_and_consumer_key(*rcfile.default_profile)
+        end
       end
     end
 
@@ -74,7 +127,7 @@ module Twurl
         :copy => Net::HTTP::Copy
       }
 
-    def perform_request_from_options(options, &block)
+    def build_request_from_options(options, &block)
       request_class = METHODS.fetch(options.request_method.to_sym)
       request = request_class.new(options.path, options.headers)
 
@@ -122,7 +175,11 @@ module Twurl
           end.join("&")
         end
       end
+      request
+    end
 
+    def perform_request_from_options(options, &block)
+      request = build_request_from_options(options)
       request.oauth!(consumer.http, consumer, access_token)
       request['user-agent'] = user_agent
       consumer.http.request(request, &block)

data/lib/twurl/rcfile.rb

@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ module Twurl
       configuration['default_profile']
     end
 
+    def default_profile_consumer_key
+      username, consumer_key = configuration['default_profile']
+      consumer_key
+    end
+
     def default_profile=(profile)
       configuration['default_profile'] = [profile.username, profile.consumer_key]
     end
@@ -70,6 +75,16 @@ module Twurl
       data['aliases']
     end
 
+    def bearer_token(consumer_key, bearer_token)
+      data['bearer_tokens'] ||= {}
+      data['bearer_tokens'][consumer_key] = bearer_token
+      save
+    end
+
+    def bearer_tokens
+      data['bearer_tokens']
+    end
+
     def alias_from_options(options)
       options.subcommands.each do |potential_alias|
         if path = alias_from_name(potential_alias)
@@ -87,6 +102,10 @@ module Twurl
       !user_profiles.nil? && !user_profiles[consumer_key].nil?
     end
 
+    def has_bearer_token_for_consumer_key?(consumer_key)
+      bearer_tokens.nil? ? false : bearer_tokens.to_hash.has_key?(consumer_key)
+    end
+
     def <<(oauth_client)
       client_from_file = self[oauth_client.username] || {}
       client_from_file[oauth_client.consumer_key] = oauth_client.to_hash

data/lib/twurl/request_controller.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 module Twurl
   class RequestController < AbstractCommandController
-    NO_URI_MESSAGE = "No URI specified"
+    NO_URI_MESSAGE       = 'No URI specified'
+    INVALID_URI_MESSAGE  = 'Invalid URI detected'
     READ_TIMEOUT_MESSAGE = 'A timeout occurred (Net::ReadTimeout). ' \
                            'Please try again or increase the value using --timeout option.'
     OPEN_TIMEOUT_MESSAGE = 'A timeout occurred (Net::OpenTimeout). ' \
@@ -10,19 +11,31 @@ module Twurl
         raise Exception, "You need to authorize first."
       end
       options.path ||= OAuthClient.rcfile.alias_from_options(options)
+      raise Exception, NO_URI_MESSAGE if options.path.empty?
       perform_request
     end
 
     def perform_request
       client.perform_request_from_options(options) { |response|
-        response.read_body { |chunk| CLI.print chunk }
+        response.read_body { |body|
+          CLI.print options.json_format ? JsonFormatter.format(body) : body
+        }
       }
     rescue URI::InvalidURIError
-      CLI.puts NO_URI_MESSAGE
+      CLI.puts INVALID_URI_MESSAGE
     rescue Net::ReadTimeout
       CLI.puts READ_TIMEOUT_MESSAGE
     rescue Net::OpenTimeout
       CLI.puts OPEN_TIMEOUT_MESSAGE
     end
   end
+
+  class JsonFormatter
+    def self.format(string)
+      json = JSON.parse(string)
+      (json.is_a?(Array) || json.is_a?(Hash)) ? JSON.pretty_generate(json) : string
+    rescue JSON::ParserError, TypeError
+      string
+    end
+  end
 end

data/lib/twurl/version.rb

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module Twurl
   class Version
     MAJOR = 0 unless defined? Twurl::Version::MAJOR
     MINOR = 9 unless defined? Twurl::Version::MINOR
-    PATCH = 4 unless defined? Twurl::Version::PATCH
+    PATCH = 5 unless defined? Twurl::Version::PATCH
     PRE = nil unless defined? Twurl::Version::PRE # Time.now.to_i.to_s
 
     class << self

data/twurl.gemspec

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ require 'twurl/version'
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
   spec.add_dependency 'oauth', '~> 0.4'
-  spec.authors = ["Marcel Molina", "Erik Michaels-Ober"]
+  spec.authors = ["Marcel Molina", "Erik Michaels-Ober", "@TwitterDev team"]
   spec.description = %q{Curl for the Twitter API}
-  spec.email = ['marcel@twitter.com']
   spec.executables = `git ls-files -- bin/*`.split("\n").map{ |f| File.basename(f) }
-  spec.extra_rdoc_files = %w(CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md INSTALL LICENSE README.md)
+  spec.extra_rdoc_files = %w(CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md CONTRIBUTING.md INSTALL.md LICENSE README.md)
   spec.files = `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.start_with?('test/') }
   spec.homepage = 'http://github.com/twitter/twurl'
   spec.licenses = ['MIT']

metadata

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
 name: twurl
 version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-  version: 0.9.4
+  version: 0.9.5
 platform: ruby
 authors:
 - Marcel Molina
 - Erik Michaels-Ober
+- "@TwitterDev team"
 autorequire: 
 bindir: bin
 cert_chain: []
-date: 2019-12-10 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+date: 2019-12-26 00:00:00.000000000 Z
 dependencies:
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
   name: oauth
@@ -26,14 +27,14 @@ dependencies:
       - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
         version: '0.4'
 description: Curl for the Twitter API
-email:
-- marcel@twitter.com
+email: 
 executables:
 - twurl
 extensions: []
 extra_rdoc_files:
 - CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
-- INSTALL
+- CONTRIBUTING.md
+- INSTALL.md
 - LICENSE
 - README.md
 files:
@@ -42,8 +43,9 @@ files:
 - ".gitignore"
 - ".travis.yml"
 - CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+- CONTRIBUTING.md
 - Gemfile
-- INSTALL
+- INSTALL.md
 - LICENSE
 - README.md
 - Rakefile
@@ -52,6 +54,8 @@ files:
 - lib/twurl/abstract_command_controller.rb
 - lib/twurl/account_information_controller.rb
 - lib/twurl/aliases_controller.rb
+- lib/twurl/app_only_oauth_client.rb
+- lib/twurl/app_only_token_information_controller.rb
 - lib/twurl/authorization_controller.rb
 - lib/twurl/cli.rb
 - lib/twurl/configuration_controller.rb
@@ -85,7 +89,7 @@ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
       version: '0'
 requirements: []
-rubygems_version: 3.0.6
+rubygems_version: 3.0.3
 signing_key: 
 specification_version: 4
 summary: Curl for the Twitter API

data/INSTALL

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-+-----------------------+
-| Install with RubyGems |
-+-----------------------+
-
-  sudo gem i twurl --source http://rubygems.org
-
-+---------------------+
-| Build from source   |
-+---------------------+
-
-  rake build
-
-+---------------------+
-| Install from source |
-+---------------------+
-
-  rake install
-
-+--------------+
-| Dependencies |
-+--------------+
-
-  sudo gem i oauth