sisimai 5.7.0 → 5.7.1

checksums.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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data/ChangeLog.md

@@ -4,6 +4,21 @@ RELEASE NOTES for Ruby version of Sisimai
 - download: "https://rubygems.org/gems/sisimai"
 - document: "https://libsisimai.org/"
 
+v5.7.1
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+- release: "Fri, 17 Jul 2026 13:22:22 +0900 (JST)"
+- version: "5.7.1"
+- changes:
+  - **Bug fixes**
+    - Fix duplicated SMTP command `HELO` in `Sisimai::SMTP::Command`.
+  - **Mitigation for potential DoS vectors**
+    - #441 Limit the nesting depth of MIME parts in Sisimai::RFC2045 class.
+  - **Code improvements**
+    - New class `Sisimai::Eb` for keeping constants.
+      - #443 `Sisimai::Eb::Re****` Bounce reason names.
+      - #447 `Sisimai::Eb::Ce****` SMTP commands.
+      - #448 `Sisimai::Eb::Ae****` Action field values.
+
 v5.7.0
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 - release: "Mon, 22 Jun 2026 16:22:22 +0900 (JST)"

data/README-JA.md

@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ Install
 ### From RubyGems.org
 ```shell
 $ sudo gem install sisimai
-Fetching: sisimai-5.7.0.gem (100%)
-Successfully installed sisimai-5.7.0
-Parsing documentation for sisimai-5.7.0
-Installing ri documentation for sisimai-5.7.0
+Fetching: sisimai-5.7.1.gem (100%)
+Successfully installed sisimai-5.7.1
+Parsing documentation for sisimai-5.7.1
+Installing ri documentation for sisimai-5.7.1
 Done installing documentation for sisimai after 6 seconds
 1 gem installed
 ```
@@ -147,13 +147,13 @@ if [ -d "/usr/local/jr" ]; then \
 ...
 3 gems installed
 /opt/local/bin/rake install
-sisimai 5.7.0 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.0.gem.
-sisimai (5.7.0) installed.
+sisimai 5.7.1 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.1.gem.
+sisimai (5.7.1) installed.
 if [ -d "/usr/local/jr" ]; then \
 		PATH="/usr/local/jr/bin:$PATH" /usr/local/jr/bin/rake install; \
 	fi
-sisimai 5.7.0 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.0-java.gem.
-sisimai (5.7.0) installed.
+sisimai 5.7.1 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.1-java.gem.
+sisimai (5.7.1) installed.
 ```
 
 Usage

data/README.md

@@ -115,10 +115,10 @@ Install
 ### From RubyGems
 ```shell
 $ sudo gem install sisimai
-Fetching: sisimai-5.7.0.gem (100%)
-Successfully installed sisimai-5.7.0
-Parsing documentation for sisimai-5.7.0
-Installing ri documentation for sisimai-5.7.0
+Fetching: sisimai-5.7.1.gem (100%)
+Successfully installed sisimai-5.7.1
+Parsing documentation for sisimai-5.7.1
+Installing ri documentation for sisimai-5.7.1
 Done installing documentation for sisimai after 6 seconds
 1 gem installed
 ```
@@ -146,13 +146,13 @@ if [ -d "/usr/local/jr" ]; then \
 ...
 3 gems installed
 /opt/local/bin/rake install
-sisimai 5.7.0 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.0.gem.
-sisimai (5.7.0) installed.
+sisimai 5.7.1 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.1.gem.
+sisimai (5.7.1) installed.
 if [ -d "/usr/local/jr" ]; then \
 		PATH="/usr/local/jr/bin:$PATH" /usr/local/jr/bin/rake install; \
 	fi
-sisimai 5.7.0 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.0-java.gem.
-sisimai (5.7.0) installed.
+sisimai 5.7.1 built to pkg/sisimai-5.7.1-java.gem.
+sisimai (5.7.1) installed.
 ```
 
 Usage

data/lib/sisimai/arf.rb

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ module Sisimai
   # Sisimai::ARF is a decoder for the email returned as a FeedBack Loop report message.
   module ARF
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
       require 'sisimai/lhost'
       require 'sisimai/rfc5322'
 
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ module Sisimai
             # Tidy up the error message in e.Diagnosis, Try to detect the bounce reason.
             j += 1
             e["diagnosis"] = e["diagnosis"] + anotherone
-            e["reason"]    = "feedback"
+            e["reason"]    = Sisimai::Eb::ReFEED
             e["rhost"]     = remotehost
             e["lhost"]     = reportedby
             e["date"]      = timestamp0

data/lib/sisimai/eb.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+module Sisimai
+  # Sisimai::Eb - Package "eb" provides constants for the email bounce.
+  module Eb
+    #       _       ______
+    #   ___| |__   / /  _ \ ___  __ _ ___  ___  _ __
+    #  / _ \ '_ \ / /| |_) / _ \/ _` / __|/ _ \| '_ \
+    # |  __/ |_) / / |  _ <  __/ (_| \__ \ (_) | | | |
+    #  \___|_.__/_/  |_| \_\___|\__,_|___/\___/|_| |_|
+    # bounce reason names
+    ReAUTH = "AuthFailure"
+    ReFAMA = "BadReputation"
+    ReBLOC = "Blocked"
+    ReBODY = "ContentError"
+    ReSENT = "Delivered"
+    ReSIZE = "EmailTooLarge"
+    ReTIME = "Expired"
+    ReTTLS = "FailedSTARTTLS"
+    ReFEED = "Feedback"
+    ReFILT = "Filtered"
+    ReMOVE = "HasMoved"
+    ReHOST = "HostUnknown"
+    ReFULL = "MailboxFull"
+    ReUNIX = "MailerError"
+    ReINET = "NetworkError"
+    RePASS = "NoRelaying"
+    Re00MX = "NotAccept"
+    ReNRFC = "NotCompliantRFC"
+    Re___1 = "OnHold"
+    ReWONT = "PolicyViolation"
+    ReFROM = "Rejected"
+    ReQPTR = "RequirePTR"
+    ReRATE = "RateLimited"
+    ReSAFE = "SecurityError"
+    ReSPAM = "SpamDetected"
+    ReSTOP = "Suppressed"
+    ReQUIT = "Suspend"
+    ReCOMM = "SyntaxError"
+    RePROC = "SystemError"
+    ReDISK = "SystemFull"
+    Re___0 = "Undefined"
+    ReUSER = "UserUnknown"
+    ReAWAY = "Vacation"
+    ReEXEC = "VirusDetected"
+
+    #       _       ______                                          _
+    #   ___| |__   / / ___|___  _ __ ___  _ __ ___   __ _ _ __   __| |
+    #  / _ \ '_ \ / / |   / _ \| '_ ` _ \| '_ ` _ \ / _` | '_ \ / _` |
+    # |  __/ |_) / /| |__| (_) | | | | | | | | | | | (_| | | | | (_| |
+    #  \___|_.__/_/  \____\___/|_| |_| |_|_| |_| |_|\__,_|_| |_|\__,_|
+    CeHELO = "HELO"
+    CeEHLO = "EHLO"
+    CeMAIL = "MAIL"
+    CeRCPT = "RCPT"
+    CeDATA = "DATA"
+    CeQUIT = "QUIT"
+    CeRSET = "RSET"
+    CeNOOP = "NOOP"
+    CeVRFY = "VRFY"
+    CeETRN = "ETRN"
+    CeEXPN = "EXPN"
+    CeHELP = "HELP"
+    CeAUTH = "AUTH"
+    CeTTLS = "STARTTLS"
+    CeXFWD = "XFORWARD"
+    CeCONN = "CONN" # CONN is a pseudo SMTP command used only in Sisimai
+
+    #       _       ___        _   _
+    #   ___| |__   / / \   ___| |_(_) ___  _ __
+    #  / _ \ '_ \ / / _ \ / __| __| |/ _ \| '_ \
+    # |  __/ |_) / / ___ \ (__| |_| | (_) | | | |
+    #  \___|_.__/_/_/   \_\___|\__|_|\___/|_| |_|
+    #
+    # https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3464#page-16
+    # 2.3.3 Action field
+    #   The Action field indicates the action performed by the Reporting-MTA as a result of its attempt
+    #   to deliver the message to this recipient address. This field MUST be present for each recipient
+    #   named in the DSN.
+    #
+    #   The syntax for the action-field is:
+    #     action-field = "Action" ":" action-value
+    #     action-value = "failed" / "delayed" / "delivered" / "relayed" / "expanded"
+    #
+    #   The action-value may be spelled in any combination of upper and lower case characters.
+    #
+    #     "failed"    indicates that the message could not be delivered to the recipient.
+    #                 The Reporting MTA has abandoned any attempts to deliver the message to this
+    #                 recipient. No further notifications should be expected.
+    #
+    #     "delayed"   indicates that the Reporting MTA has so far been unable to deliver or relay the
+    #                 message, but it will continue to attempt to do so. Additional notification
+    #                 messages may be issued as the message is further delayed or successfully
+    #                 delivered, or if delivery attempts are later abandoned.
+    #
+    #     "delivered" indicates that the message was successfully delivered to the recipient address
+    #                 specified by the sender, which includes "delivery" to a mailing list exploder.
+    #                 It does not indicate that the message has been read. This is a terminal state
+    #                 and no further DSN for this recipient should be expected.
+    #
+    #     "relayed"   indicates that the message has been relayed or gatewayed into an environment
+    #                 that does not accept responsibility for generating DSNs upon successful delivery.
+    #                 This action-value SHOULD NOT be used unless the sender has requested notification
+    #                 of successful delivery for this recipient.
+    #
+    #     "expanded"  indicates that the message has been successfully delivered to the recipient
+    #                 address as specified by the sender, and forwarded by the Reporting-MTA beyond
+    #                 that destination to multiple additional recipient addresses. An action-value of
+    #                 "expanded" differs from "delivered" in that "expanded" is not a terminal state.
+    #                 Further "failed" and/or "delayed" notifications may be provided.
+    AeFAIL = "failed"
+    AeSTAY = "delayed"
+    AeSENT = "delivered"
+    AePASS = "relayed"
+    AeEXPN = "expanded"
+  end
+end
+

data/lib/sisimai/fact.rb

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ module Sisimai
     require 'sisimai/string'
     require 'sisimai/rhost'
     require 'sisimai/lda'
+    require 'sisimai/eb'
 
     @@rwaccessors = [
       :action,          # [String] The value of Action: header
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ module Sisimai
       while e = deliveries.shift do
         # Create parameters for each Sisimai::Fact object
         next if e['recipient'].size < 5
-        next if ! argvs[:vacation]  && e['reason'] == 'vacation'
+        next if ! argvs[:vacation]  && e['reason'] == Sisimai::Eb::ReAWAY
         next if ! argvs[:delivered] && e['status'].start_with?('2.')
 
         thing = {}  # To be passed to each accessor of Sisimai::Fact
@@ -353,7 +354,7 @@ module Sisimai
           piece['diagnosticcode'] = piece['diagnosticcode'].force_encoding('UTF-8').scrub('?')
         end
 
-        piece["diagnostictype"] = "X-UNIX" if piece["reason"] == "mailererror"
+        piece["diagnostictype"] = "X-UNIX" if piece["reason"] == Sisimai::Eb::ReUNIX
         if piece["diagnostictype"].empty?
           piece["diagnostictype"] = "SMTP" if %w[feedback vacation].include?(piece["reason"]) == false
         end
@@ -363,7 +364,7 @@ module Sisimai
         # - <<< 503-5.5.1 RCPT first. A mail transaction protocol command was issued ...
         # -   RCPT first (in reply to DATA command)
         piece['command'] = '' if Sisimai::SMTP::Command.test(piece['command']) == false
-        piece['command'] = 'RCPT' if piece['diagnosticcode'].include?('RCPT first')
+        piece['command'] = Sisimai::Eb::CeRCPT if piece['diagnosticcode'].include?('RCPT first')
 
         # Create parameters for the constructor
         as = Sisimai::Address.new(piece['addresser'])          || next; next if as.void
@@ -384,14 +385,14 @@ module Sisimai
         ea.each { |q| thing[q] = piece[q] if thing[q].nil? || thing[q].empty? }
 
         # Other accessors
-        thing['bogus']          = 0
+        thing['bogus']          = -1
         thing['catch']          = piece['catch'] || nil
         thing["feedbackid"]     = ""
         thing['hardbounce']     = piece['hardbounce']
         thing['replycode']      = Sisimai::SMTP::Reply.find(piece['diagnosticcode']) if thing['replycode'].empty?
         thing['timestamp']      = TimeModule.parse(::Time.at(piece['timestamp']).to_s)
         thing['timezoneoffset'] = piece['timezoneoffset'] || '+0000'
-        thing['toxic']          = 0
+        thing['toxic']          = -1
         ea.each { |q| thing[q] = piece[q] if thing[q].empty? }
 
         # ALIAS
@@ -422,25 +423,30 @@ module Sisimai
         while true
           if thing["reason"].empty? || RetryIndex[thing["reason"]]
             # The value of "reason" is empty or is needed to check with other values again
-            re = thing["reason"].empty? ? "undefined" : thing["reason"]
+            re = thing["reason"].empty? ? Sisimai::Eb::Re___0 : thing["reason"]
             cr = Sisimai::LDA.find(thing);    if Sisimai::Reason.is_explicit(cr) then thing["reason"] = cr; break; end
             cr = Sisimai::Rhost.find(thing);  if Sisimai::Reason.is_explicit(cr) then thing["reason"] = cr; break; end
             cr = Sisimai::Reason.find(thing); if Sisimai::Reason.is_explicit(cr) then thing["reason"] = cr; break; end
-            thing["reason"] = thing["diagnosticcode"].size > 0 ? "onhold" : re
+            thing["reason"] = thing["diagnosticcode"].size > 0 ? Sisimai::Eb::Re___1 : re
             break
           end
           break
         end
 
-        # HARDBOUNCE: Set the value of "hardbounce", default value of "bouncebounce" is false
-        if thing['reason'] == 'delivered' || thing['reason'] == 'feedback' || thing['reason'] == 'vacation'
-          # Delete the value of ReplyCode when the Reason is "feedback" or "vacation"
-          thing['replycode'] = '' if thing['reason'] != 'delivered'
-        else
-          # The reason is not "delivered", or "feedback", or "vacation"
+        while true
+          # HARDBOUNCE: Set the value of "hardbounce", default value of "bouncebounce" is false
+          break if thing['reason'] == Sisimai::Eb::ReSENT
+          if thing['reason'] == Sisimai::Eb::ReFEED || thing['reason'] == Sisimai::Eb::ReAWAY
+            # Delete the value of ReplyCode when the Reason is "Feedback" or "Vacation"
+            thing['replycode'] = ""
+            break
+          end
+
+          # The reason is not "Delivered", or "Feedback", or "Vacation"
           smtperrors = "#{piece['deliverystatus']} #{piece['diagnosticcode']}"
           smtperrors = '' if smtperrors.size < 4
           thing['hardbounce'] = Sisimai::SMTP::Failure.is_hardbounce(thing['reason'], smtperrors)
+          break
         end
 
         # DELIVERYSTATUS: Set a pseudo status code if the value of "deliverystatus" is empty
@@ -472,10 +478,10 @@ module Sisimai
             thing['action'] = ox[2]
           end
         end
-        thing["action"] = ""          if thing["action"].nil?
-        thing["action"] = "delivered" if thing["action"].empty? && thing["reason"] == "delivered"
-        thing["action"] = "delayed"   if thing["action"].empty? && thing["reason"] == "expired"
-        thing["action"] = "failed"    if thing["action"].empty? && cx[0] == "4" || cx[0] == "5"
+        thing["action"] = "" if thing["action"].nil?
+        thing["action"] = Sisimai::Eb::AeSENT if thing["action"].empty? && thing["reason"] == Sisimai::Eb::ReSENT
+        thing["action"] = Sisimai::Eb::AeSTAY if thing["action"].empty? && thing["reason"] == Sisimai::Eb::ReTIME
+        thing["action"] = Sisimai::Eb::AeFAIL if thing["action"].empty? && cx[0] == "4" || cx[0] == "5"
 
         if thing["replycode"].size > 0
           # Fill empty values: ["SMTP Command", "DSN", "Reason"]
@@ -489,6 +495,7 @@ module Sisimai
 
         # Feedback-ID: 1.us-west-2.QHuyeCQrGtIIMGKQfVdUhP9hCQR2LglVOrRamBc+Prk=:AmazonSES
         thing["feedbackid"] = rfc822data["feedback-id"] || ""
+        thing["reason"]     = thing["reason"].downcase
 
         listoffact << Sisimai::Fact.new(thing)
       end

data/lib/sisimai/lda.rb

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ module Sisimai
   # Sisimai::LDA - Error message decoder for LDA
   module LDA
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
+
       LocalAgent = {
         # Each error message should be a lower-cased string
         # dovecot/src/deliver/deliver.c
@@ -19,20 +21,20 @@ module Sisimai
         # Each error message should be a lower-cased string
         "dovecot" => {
           # dovecot/src/deliver/mail-send.c:94
-          "mailboxfull" => [
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReFULL => [
             "not enough disk space",
             "quota exceeded",   # Dovecot 1.2 dovecot/src/plugins/quota/quota.c
             "quota exceeded (mailbox for user is full)",    # dovecot/src/plugins/quota/quota.c
           ],
-          "userunknown" => ["mailbox doesn't exist: "],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER => ["mailbox doesn't exist: "],
         },
         "mail.local" => {
-          "mailboxfull" => [
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReFULL => [
             "disc quota exceeded",
             "mailbox full or quota exceeded",
           ],
-          "systemerror" => ["temporary file write error"],
-          "userunknown" => [
+          Sisimai::Eb::RePROC => ["temporary file write error"],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER => [
             ": invalid mailbox path",
             ": unknown user:",
             ": user missing home directory",
@@ -40,23 +42,23 @@ module Sisimai
           ],
         },
         "procmail" => {
-          "mailboxfull" => ["quota exceeded while writing", "user over quota"],
-          "systemerror" => ["service unavailable"],
-          "systemfull"  => ["no space left to finish writing"],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReFULL => ["quota exceeded while writing", "user over quota"],
+          Sisimai::Eb::RePROC => ["service unavailable"],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReDISK => ["no space left to finish writing"],
         },
         "maildrop" => {
-          "userunknown" => ["cannot find system user", "invalid user specified."],
-          "mailboxfull" => ["maildir over quota."],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER => ["cannot find system user", "invalid user specified."],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReFULL => ["maildir over quota."],
         },
         "vpopmail" => {
-          "filtered"    => ["user does not exist, but will deliver to "],
-          "mailboxfull" => ["domain is over quota", "user is over quota"],
-          "suspend"     => ["account is locked email bounced"],
-          "userunknown" => ["sorry, no mailbox here by that name."],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReFILT => ["user does not exist, but will deliver to "],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReFULL => ["domain is over quota", "user is over quota"],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReQUIT => ["account is locked email bounced"],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER => ["sorry, no mailbox here by that name."],
         },
         "vmailmgr" => {
-          "mailboxfull" => ["delivery failed due to system quota violation"],
-          "userunknown" => [
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReFULL => ["delivery failed due to system quota violation"],
+          Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER => [
             "invalid or unknown base user or domain",
             "invalid or unknown virtual user",
             "user name does not refer to a virtual user",
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ module Sisimai
       def find(argvs)
         return "" if argvs.nil?
         return "" if argvs["diagnosticcode"].empty?
-        return "" if argvs["command"] != "" && argvs["command"] != "DATA"
+        return "" if argvs["command"] != "" && argvs["command"] != Sisimai::Eb::CeDATA
 
         deliversby = ""   # [String] Local Delivery Agent name
         reasontext = ""   # [String] Error reason
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ module Sisimai
           reasontext = e; break
         end
 
-        reasontext = "mailererror" if reasontext.empty?
+        reasontext = Sisimai::Eb::ReUNIX if reasontext.empty?
         return reasontext
       end
     end

data/lib/sisimai/lhost/amazonses.rb

@@ -42,16 +42,17 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
     # Transient/ContentRejected -- message you sent contains content that the provider doesn't allow
     # Transient/AttachmentRejected the message contained an unacceptable attachment
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
       require 'sisimai/lhost'
 
       ReasonPair = {
-        "Suppressed"               => "suppressed",
-        "OnAccountSuppressionList" => "suppressed",
-        "General"                  => "onhold",
-        "MailboxFull"              => "mailboxfull",
-        "MessageTooLarge"          => "emailtoolarge",
-        "ContentRejected"          => "contenterror",
-        "AttachmentRejected"       => "securityerror",
+        "Suppressed"               => Sisimai::Eb::ReSTOP,
+        "OnAccountSuppressionList" => Sisimai::Eb::ReSTOP,
+        "General"                  => Sisimai::Eb::Re___1,
+        "MailboxFull"              => Sisimai::Eb::ReFULL,
+        "MessageTooLarge"          => Sisimai::Eb::ReSIZE,
+        "ContentRejected"          => Sisimai::Eb::ReBODY,
+        "AttachmentRejected"       => Sisimai::Eb::ReSAFE,
       }.freeze
 
       # @abstract Decodes the bounce message from Amazon SES
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
               v = dscontents[-1]
             end
             v["recipient"]    = e["emailAddress"]
-            v["reason"]       = "feedback"
+            v["reason"]       = Sisimai::Eb::ReFEED
             v["feedbacktype"] = p["complaintFeedbackType"]
             v["date"]         = p["timestamp"]
             v["diagnosis"]    = sprintf('"feedbackid":"%s", "useragent":"%s"}', p["feedbackId"], p["userAgent"])
@@ -181,8 +182,8 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
               v = dscontents[-1]
             end
             v["recipient"] = e
-            v["reason"]    = "delivered"
-            v["action"]    = "delivered"
+            v["reason"]    = Sisimai::Eb::ReSENT
+            v["action"]    = Sisimai::Eb::AeSENT
             v["date"]      = p["timestamp"]
             v["lhost"]     = Sisimai::RFC1123.find(p["reportingMTA"])
             v["diagnosis"] = p["smtpResponse"]

data/lib/sisimai/lhost/courier.rb

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
   # Methods in the module are called from only Sisimai::Message.
   module Courier
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
       require 'sisimai/lhost'
 
       # https://www.courier-mta.org/courierdsn.html
@@ -14,12 +15,12 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
       }.freeze
       MessagesOf = {
         # courier/module.esmtp/esmtpclient.c:526| hard_error(del, ctf, "No such domain.");
-        'hostunknown'  => ['No such domain.'],
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReHOST => ['No such domain.'],
         # courier/module.esmtp/esmtpclient.c:531| hard_error(del, ctf,
         # courier/module.esmtp/esmtpclient.c:532|  "This domain's DNS violates RFC 1035.");
-        'systemerror'  => ["This domain's DNS violates RFC 1035."],
+        Sisimai::Eb::RePROC => ["This domain's DNS violates RFC 1035."],
         # courier/module.esmtp/esmtpclient.c:535| soft_error(del, ctf, "DNS lookup failed.");
-        'networkerror' => ['DNS lookup failed.'],
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReINET => ['DNS lookup failed.'],
       }.freeze
 
       # @abstract Decodes the bounce message from Courier MTA

data/lib/sisimai/lhost/domino.rb

@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
   # Methods in the module are called from only Sisimai::Message.
   module Domino
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
       require 'sisimai/lhost'
 
       Indicators = Sisimai::Lhost.INDICATORS
       Boundaries = ['Content-Type: message/rfc822'].freeze
       StartingOf = {message: ['Your message']}.freeze
       MessagesOf = {
-        "userunknown" => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER => [
           "not listed in Domino Directory",
           "not listed in public Name & Address Book",
           "non répertorié dans l'annuaire Domino",

data/lib/sisimai/lhost/einsundeins.rb

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
   # Methods in the module are called from only Sisimai::Message.
   module EinsUndEins
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
       require 'sisimai/lhost'
 
       Indicators = Sisimai::Lhost.INDICATORS
@@ -90,8 +91,8 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
             p2 = e['diagnosis'].index(' reason:')
 
             e['rhost']   = e['diagnosis'][p1 + 6, p2 - p1 - 6]
-            e['command'] = 'DATA' if e['diagnosis'].include?('for TEXT command')
-            e['spec']    = 'SMTP' if e['diagnosis'].include?('SMTP error')
+            e['command'] = Sisimai::Eb::CeDATA if e['diagnosis'].include?('for TEXT command')
+            e['spec']    = 'SMTP'              if e['diagnosis'].include?('SMTP error')
             e['status']  = Sisimai::SMTP::Status.find(e['diagnosis'])
           else
             # For the following reason:

data/lib/sisimai/lhost/exchange2003.rb

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
   # Methods in the module are called from only Sisimai::Message.
   module Exchange2003
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
       require 'sisimai/lhost'
 
       Indicators = Sisimai::Lhost.INDICATORS
@@ -13,29 +14,29 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
         error:   ['did not reach the following recipient(s):'],
       }.freeze
       ErrorCodes = {
-        'onhold' => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::Re___1 => [
           '000B099C', # Host Unknown, Message exceeds size limit, ...
           '000B09AA', # Unable to relay for, Message exceeds size limit,...
           '000B09B6', # Error messages by remote MTA
         ],
-        'userunknown' => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER => [
           '000C05A6', # Unknown Recipient,
         ],
-        'systemerror' => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::RePROC => [
           '00010256', # Too many recipients.
           '000D06B5', # No proxy for recipient (non-smtp mail?)
         ],
-        'networkerror' => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReINET => [
           '00120270', # Too Many Hops
         ],
-        'contenterror' => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReBODY => [
           '00050311', # Conversion to Internet format failed
           '000502CC', # Conversion to Internet format failed
         ],
-        'securityerror' => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReSAFE => [
           '000B0981', # 502 Server does not support AUTH
         ],
-        'filtered' => [
+        Sisimai::Eb::ReFILT => [
           '000C0595', # Ambiguous Recipient
         ],
       }.freeze

data/lib/sisimai/lhost/exchange2007.rb

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
   # Methods in the module are called from only Sisimai::Message.
   module Exchange2007
     class << self
+      require 'sisimai/eb'
       require 'sisimai/lhost'
 
       Indicators = Sisimai::Lhost.INDICATORS
@@ -32,19 +33,19 @@ module Sisimai::Lhost
         ]
       }.freeze
       NDRSubject = {
-        "SMTPSEND.DNS.NonExistentDomain" => "hostunknown",   # 554 5.4.4 SMTPSEND.DNS.NonExistentDomain
-        "SMTPSEND.DNS.MxLoopback"        => "networkerror",  # 554 5.4.4 SMTPSEND.DNS.MxLoopback
-        "RESOLVER.ADR.BadPrimary"        => "systemerror",   # 550 5.2.0 RESOLVER.ADR.BadPrimary
-        "RESOLVER.ADR.RecipNotFound"     => "userunknown",   # 550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipNotFound
-        "RESOLVER.ADR.RecipientNotFound" => "userunknown",   # 550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipientNotFound
-        "RESOLVER.ADR.ExRecipNotFound"   => "userunknown",   # 550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.ExRecipNotFound
-        "RESOLVER.ADR.RecipLimit"        => "ratelimited",   # 550 5.5.3 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipLimit
-        "RESOLVER.ADR.InvalidInSmtp"     => "systemerror",   # 550 5.1.0 RESOLVER.ADR.InvalidInSmtp
-        "RESOLVER.ADR.Ambiguous"         => "systemerror",   # 550 5.1.4 RESOLVER.ADR.Ambiguous, 420 4.2.0 RESOLVER.ADR.Ambiguous
-        "RESOLVER.RST.AuthRequired"      => "securityerror", # 550 5.7.1 RESOLVER.RST.AuthRequired
-        "RESOLVER.RST.NotAuthorized"     => "rejected",      # 550 5.7.1 RESOLVER.RST.NotAuthorized
-        "RESOLVER.RST.RecipSizeLimit"    => "emailtoolarge", # 550 5.2.3 RESOLVER.RST.RecipSizeLimit
-        "QUEUE.Expired"                  => "expired",       # 550 4.4.7 QUEUE.Expired
+        "SMTPSEND.DNS.NonExistentDomain" => Sisimai::Eb::ReHOST, # 554 5.4.4 SMTPSEND.DNS.NonExistentDomain
+        "SMTPSEND.DNS.MxLoopback"        => Sisimai::Eb::ReINET, # 554 5.4.4 SMTPSEND.DNS.MxLoopback
+        "RESOLVER.ADR.BadPrimary"        => Sisimai::Eb::RePROC, # 550 5.2.0 RESOLVER.ADR.BadPrimary
+        "RESOLVER.ADR.RecipNotFound"     => Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER, # 550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipNotFound
+        "RESOLVER.ADR.RecipientNotFound" => Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER, # 550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipientNotFound
+        "RESOLVER.ADR.ExRecipNotFound"   => Sisimai::Eb::ReUSER, # 550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.ExRecipNotFound
+        "RESOLVER.ADR.RecipLimit"        => Sisimai::Eb::ReRATE, # 550 5.5.3 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipLimit
+        "RESOLVER.ADR.InvalidInSmtp"     => Sisimai::Eb::RePROC, # 550 5.1.0 RESOLVER.ADR.InvalidInSmtp
+        "RESOLVER.ADR.Ambiguous"         => Sisimai::Eb::RePROC, # 550 5.1.4 RESOLVER.ADR.Ambiguous, 420 4.2.0 RESOLVER.ADR.Ambiguous
+        "RESOLVER.RST.AuthRequired"      => Sisimai::Eb::ReSAFE, # 550 5.7.1 RESOLVER.RST.AuthRequired
+        "RESOLVER.RST.NotAuthorized"     => Sisimai::Eb::ReFROM, # 550 5.7.1 RESOLVER.RST.NotAuthorized
+        "RESOLVER.RST.RecipSizeLimit"    => Sisimai::Eb::ReSIZE, # 550 5.2.3 RESOLVER.RST.RecipSizeLimit
+        "QUEUE.Expired"                  => Sisimai::Eb::ReTIME, # 550 4.4.7 QUEUE.Expired
       }.freeze
       MailSender = ["postmaster@outlook.com", ".onmicrosoft.com"].freeze
       EmailTitle = [