sayso-i18n 0.5.0.001

data/CHANGELOG.textile

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+h1. Changelog
+
+h2. 0.5.0
+
+* "Extract Backend::ActiveRecord to a separate gem":https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/197dacebad356b910d69fa69a719c2ad10cf49e6 (see "i18n-active_record":https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n-active_record)
+* "Improve exception handling":https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/2913ff9a7544f223f60e7d7b32c2a0e1af89812b (deprectates I18n.default_exception_handler)
+* "Change MissingTranslationData message to 'translation missing: foo.bar'":https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/68fdfe47952325411afe5942e971ce10b2bdf900
+* "Expose MissingTranslationsData#keys method":https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/3a37a389ecaac9670355b334e23e775549ee9822
+* "Improve Cascade#lookup (add default options)":https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/0b9a1f2058a2be9543106cc19d08071c359511e1
+* "Finally remove deprecated interpolation syntax":https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/2d43846d2b2a2e596f30fa58ea1c9ddb2243bb64
+
+h2. 0.4.2 (2010-10-26)
+
+* "Improve UTF8 handling":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/e8d5820a3b08eeca28de1a2b9c8a6ad2b9e6476c
+* "Expose I18n::VERSION":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/b832037bac94c7144f45f3ff5e3b4e4089781726
+* "Better deprecation output":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/2bee924464b8a9c33d3d7852eb1c8423aa38cc25
+
+h2. 0.4.1 (2010-06-05)
+
+* "Fix interpolation failure on Ruby 1.9":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/8d45bedb11c4136c00e853d104b00a8e67ec4894
+
+h2. 0.4.0 (2010-05-27)
+
+* "The localization proc also receives the object as option":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/4a8cd9fa660daaa3078e24c5851353ca377d9213
+
+h2. 0.4.0.beta1 (2010-05-03)
+
+* "Renamed Fast backend to Memoize backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/f7f7dc12c00a19d3876223771e14f8671ff313cd
+
+* "Deprecate {{}} as interpolation syntax":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/8894ee521ef5788c415b625a6daf522af4c416e0
+
+* "Allow nil translation to be stored again":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/f2074f1e82d10c2e9a801c8cc2f2a0c7c30703ba
+
+h2. 0.4.0.beta (2010-04-30)
+
+* "Added a KeyValue backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/28ca5f53ade7f545f8c0804e93564d4686b416a4
+
+* "Added transliteration support":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/928fdb4794959e779e90f360eb01ba043672d8d5
+
+* "Create Flatten backend module to aid handling flatten translations":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/2ec9d6998aa8facd7b15a3ef47a96cf2471cd8a1
+
+* "Decouple the external separator (used when storing translations) from the internal separator in Fast and ActiveRecord backends":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/274cb4daa0ca5e3b2bd23b45eb7f9fc58f75a79d
+
+h2. 0.3.7 (2010-04-17)
+
+* "Speed up I18n.normalize_keys by caching reused normalizations and producing less garbage":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/819dac0fea9c29e6545801aa107e63e355728cd4
+
+h2. 0.3.6 (2010-03-23)
+
+* "Move gettext po parser to lib":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/b2f038663b55727ac2327e6f07a46ba5d69d600c
+
+* "Move I18n configuration to I18n.config":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/4a7baea86663ead8c681008c3e80a622f0546b07
+
+h2. 0.3.5 (2010-02-26)
+
+* "Delegate I18n.normalize_translation_keys to I18n.normalize_keys and deprecate
+the former":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/7284b04d5f5dd9679cb68875515cdd0cdfc96fef
+
+h2. 0.3.4 (2010-02-25)
+
+* "Rename I18n.normalize_translation_keys to I18n.normalize_keys and finally make it public":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/20b05fe5802df6c90fb70a4e3760b2b851b791b3
+
+* "Added CLDR supoprt":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/860eadf671a231e7f5dffb1bb27fa318ff7a8786
+
+h2. 0.3.3 (2009-12-29)
+
+* "Use lib/i18n/version":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/ff426c8e7a2438b814cb303adadec292dacb752e
+
+* "Added a benchmark suite":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/f9b5b9b113097724638bdab96862ffa404e67e70
+
+* "Ensure links can be handled recursively":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/2c50bd209f3fc24fe9dfa694c81be64340f09b7d
+
+* "Make sure we can lookup false values as translation data":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/561c82ba4b8921d03bfdf56cb2d0c2f287629001
+
+* "Added Fast backend module":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/bd2f09f0a251ca793b0e8ecc7e32177a2f091c23
+
+* "Added InterpolationCompiler backend module":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/91810887d1abfb28996a9183bc9004678290d28b
+
+h2. 0.3.2 (2009-12-12)
+
+* "Added Cascade backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/8009aef293e9ef8564c9005090d8380feabcaf6f
+
+h2. 0.3.1 (2009-12-11)
+
+* "Add PoParser to gemspec":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/d6b2763f39c932f66adb039b96882a472f883c51
+* "Enable custom separators for ActiveRecord backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/9341d3fcfc951cc31807ba672d2b5d90909ef3e5
+* "Pass interpolation values to interpolation procs":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/39c2ed8fbad645671cd5520ce7ad0aeefe2b0cca
+* "Fix that ngettext supports keys with dots":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/7362a43c34364d500de8899cfcca6bf1a5e6d1c8
+
+h2. 0.3.0 (2009-11-30)
+
+* "Gettext backend and helpers":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/35a1740d2f10b808548af352006950da4017e374
+* "Metadata module":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/2677208555179b36fcbe958c0e8bc642cf5bc020
+* "Basic ActiveRecord backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/786632d0b42de423ecf0969622efc87f1691e2a2
+* "Set encoding to UTF8 for all files":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/9be3d4a311b5bf583eec5d39986176cc40c112f2
+* "Chain backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/08259ffb88b3005403648d77bc1cbca0b92f3cf5
+* "Backend/cache implementation":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/e7bf15351cd2e27f5972eb40e65a5dd6f4a0feed
+* "Pluralization module":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/9ca4c9ed52d4706566a6abeb2d78722dcc5d4764
+* "add and adapt Globalize2 fallback implementation":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/1b37a303b27d6222b17162804b06323e5628768f
+* "move Simple backend implementation to a Base backend class and extend Simple from Base.":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/32ddc80a04e6aa247f6d6613bde7f78c73396cb4
+
+h2. 0.2.0 (2009-07-12)
+
+* "Allow using Ruby 1.9 syntax for string interpolation (API addition)":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/c6e0b06d512f2af57199a843a1d8a40241b32861
+* "Allow configuring the default scope separator, allow to pass a custom scope separator(API addition)":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/5b75bfbc348061adc11e3790187a187275bfd471 (e.g. I18n.t(:'foo|bar', :separator => '|')
+* "Pass :format option to #translate for #localize more useful lambda support":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/e277711b3c844fe7589b8d3f9af0f7d1b969a273
+* "Refactor Simple backend #resolve to #default and #resolve for more consistency. Now allows to pass lambdas as defaults and re-resolve Symbols":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/8c4ce3d923ce5fa73e973fe28217e18165549aba
+* "Add lambda support to #translate (API addition)":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/c90e62d8f7d3d5b78f34cfe328d871b58884f115
+* "Add lambda support to #localize (API addition)":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/9d390afcf33f3f469bb95e6888147152f6cc7442
+
+h2. 0.1.3 (2009-02-27)
+
+* "Remove unnecessary string encoding handling in the i18n simple backend which made the backend break on Ruby 1.9":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/4c3a970783861a94f2e89f46714fb3434e4f4f8d
+
+h2. 0.1.2 (2009-01-09)
+
+* "added #available_locales (returns an array of locales for which translations are available)":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/411f8fe7c8f3f89e9b6b921fa62ed66cb92f3af4
+* "flatten load_path before using it so that a nested array of paths won't throw up":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/d473a068a2b90aba98135deb225d6eb6d8104d70
+
+h2. 0.1.1 (2008-11-20)
+
+* "Use :'en' as a default locale (in favor of :'en-US')":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/c4b10b246aecf7da78cb2568dd0d2ab7e6b8a230
+* "Add #reload! to Simple backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/36dd2bd9973b9e1559728749a9daafa44693e964
+
+h2. 0.1.0 (2008-10-25)
+
+* "Fix Simple backend to distinguish false from nil values":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/39d9a47da14b5f3ba126af48923af8c30e135166
+* "Add #load_path to public api, add initialize to simple backend and remove #load_translations from public api":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/c4c5649e6bc8f020f1aaf5a5470bde048e22c82d
+* "Speed up Backend::Simple#interpolate":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/9e1ac6bf8833304e036323ec9932b9f33c468a35
+* "Remove #populate and #store_translations from public API":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/f4e514a80be7feb509f66824ee311905e2940900
+* "Use :other instead of :many as a plural key":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/0f8f20a2552bf6a2aa758d8fdd62a7154e4a1bf6
+* "Use a class instead of a module for Simple backend":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/08f051aa61320c17debde24a83268bc74e33b995
+* "Make Simple backend #interpolate deal with non-ASCII string encodings":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/d84a3f3f55543c084d5dc5d1fed613b8df148789
+* "Fix default arrays of non-existant keys returning the default array":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/commit/6c04ca86c87f97dc78f07c2a4023644e5ba8b839
+
+h2. Initial implementation (June/July 2008)
+
+Initial implementation by "Sven Fuchs":http://www.workingwithrails.com/person/9963-sven-fuchs based on previous discussion/consensus of the rails-i18n team (alphabetical order) and many others:
+
+* "Matt Aimonetti":http://railsontherun.com
+* "Sven Fuchs":http://www.workingwithrails.com/person/9963-sven-fuchs
+* "Joshua Harvey":http://www.workingwithrails.com/person/759-joshua-harvey
+* "Saimon Moore":http://saimonmoore.net
+* "Stephan Soller":http://www.arkanis-development.de
+
+h2. More information
+
+* "Homepage":http://rails-i18n.org
+* "Wiki":http://rails-i18n.org/wiki
+* "Mailinglist":http://groups.google.com/group/rails-i18n
+* "About the project/history":http://www.artweb-design.de/2008/7/18/finally-ruby-on-rails-gets-internationalized
+* "Initial API Intro":http://www.artweb-design.de/2008/7/18/the-ruby-on-rails-i18n-core-api

data/MIT-LICENSE

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+Copyright (c) 2008 The Ruby I18n team
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.textile

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+h1. Ruby I18n
+
+Ruby Internationalization and localization solution.
+
+Features:
+
+* translation and localization
+* interpolation of values to translations (Ruby 1.9 compatible syntax)
+* pluralization (CLDR compatible)
+* customizable transliteration to ASCII
+* flexible defaults
+* bulk lookup
+* lambdas as translation data
+* custom key/scope separator
+* custom exception handlers
+* extensible architecture with a swappable backend
+
+Pluggable features:
+
+* Cache
+* Pluralization: lambda pluralizers stored as translation data
+* Locale fallbacks, RFC4647 compliant (optionally: RFC4646 locale validation)
+* Gettext support
+* Translation metadata
+
+Alternative backends:
+
+* Chain
+* ActiveRecord (optionally: ActiveRecord::Missing and ActiveRecord::StoreProcs)
+* KeyValue (uses active_support/json and cannot store procs)
+
+For more information and lots of resources see: "http://ruby-i18n.org/wiki":http://ruby-i18n.org/wiki
+
+h2. Installation
+
+gem install i18n
+
+h4. Rails version warning
+
+On Rails < 2.3.6 the method I18n.localize will fail with MissingInterpolationArgument (issue "20":http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/issues/issue/20). Upgrade to Rails 2.3.6 or higher (2.3.8 preferably) is recommended.
+
+h3. Installation on Rails < 2.3.5 (deprecated)
+
+Up to version 2.3.4 Rails will not accept i18n gems > 0.1.3. There is an unpacked
+gem inside of active_support/lib/vendor which gets loaded unless gem 'i18n', '~> 0.1.3'.
+This requirement is relaxed in "6da03653":http://github.com/rails/rails/commit/6da03653
+
+The new i18n gem can be loaded from vendor/plugins like this:
+
+<pre>
+  def reload_i18n!
+    raise "Move to i18n version 0.2.0 or greater" if Rails.version > "2.3.4"
+
+    $:.grep(/i18n/).each { |path| $:.delete(path) }
+    I18n::Backend.send :remove_const, "Simple"
+    $: << Rails.root.join('vendor', 'plugins', 'i18n', 'lib').to_s
+  end
+</pre>
+
+Then you can `reload_i18n!` inside an i18n initializer.
+
+h2. Tests
+
+You can run tests both with
+
+* `rake test` or just `rake`
+* run any test file directly, e.g. `ruby -Ilib -Itest test/api/simple_test.rb`
+* run all tests with `ruby -Ilib -Itest test/all.rb`
+
+You can run all tests against all Gemfiles with
+
+* `ruby test/run_all.rb`
+
+The structure of the test suite is a bit unusual as it uses modules to reuse
+particular tests in different test cases.
+
+The reason for this is that we need to enforce the I18n API across various
+combinations of extensions. E.g. the Simple backend alone needs to support
+the same API as any combination of feature and/or optimization modules included
+to the Simple backend. We test this by reusing the same API defition (implemented
+as test methods) in test cases with different setups.
+
+You can find the test cases that enforce the API in test/api. And you can find
+the API definition test methods in test/api/tests.
+
+All other test cases (e.g. as defined in test/backend, test/core\_ext) etc.
+follow the usual test setup and should be easy to grok.
+
+h2. Authors
+
+* "Sven Fuchs":http://www.artweb-design.de
+* "Joshua Harvey":http://www.workingwithrails.com/person/759-joshua-harvey
+* "Stephan Soller":http://www.arkanis-development.de
+* "Saimon Moore":http://saimonmoore.net
+* "Matt Aimonetti":http://railsontherun.com
+
+h2. Contributors
+
+http://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/contributors
+
+h2. License
+
+MIT License. See the included MIT-LICENSE file.

data/ci/Gemfile.no-rails

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+source :rubygems
+
+gem 'mocha'
+gem 'test_declarative'
+

data/ci/Gemfile.no-rails.lock

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+GEM
+  remote: http://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    mocha (0.9.9)
+      rake
+    rake (0.8.7)
+    test_declarative (0.0.4)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  mocha
+  test_declarative

data/ci/Gemfile.rails-2.3.x

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+source :rubygems
+
+gem 'activesupport', '~> 2.3'
+gem 'sqlite3-ruby'
+gem 'mocha'
+gem 'test_declarative'
+gem 'rufus-tokyo'
+gem 'ffi'
+

data/ci/Gemfile.rails-2.3.x.lock

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+GEM
+  remote: http://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    activesupport (2.3.10)
+    ffi (0.6.3)
+      rake (>= 0.8.7)
+    mocha (0.9.9)
+      rake
+    rake (0.8.7)
+    rufus-tokyo (1.0.7)
+    sqlite3-ruby (1.3.2)
+    test_declarative (0.0.4)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  activesupport (~> 2.3)
+  ffi
+  mocha
+  rufus-tokyo
+  sqlite3-ruby
+  test_declarative

data/ci/Gemfile.rails-3.x

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+source :rubygems
+
+gem 'activesupport', '~> 3.0.0'
+gem 'sqlite3-ruby'
+gem 'mocha'
+gem 'test_declarative'
+gem 'rufus-tokyo'
+gem 'ffi'
+

data/ci/Gemfile.rails-3.x.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+GEM
+  remote: http://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    activesupport (3.0.3)
+    ffi (0.6.3)
+      rake (>= 0.8.7)
+    mocha (0.9.9)
+      rake
+    rake (0.8.7)
+    rufus-tokyo (1.0.7)
+    sqlite3-ruby (1.3.2)
+    test_declarative (0.0.4)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  activesupport (~> 3.0.0)
+  ffi
+  mocha
+  rufus-tokyo
+  sqlite3-ruby
+  test_declarative

data/lib/i18n.rb

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+require 'i18n/version'
+require 'i18n/exceptions'
+require 'i18n/interpolate/ruby'
+
+module I18n
+  autoload :Backend, 'i18n/backend'
+  autoload :Config,  'i18n/config'
+  autoload :Gettext, 'i18n/gettext'
+  autoload :Locale,  'i18n/locale'
+  autoload :Tests,   'i18n/tests'
+
+  RESERVED_KEYS = [:scope, :default, :separator, :resolve, :object, :fallback, :format, :cascade, :raise, :rescue_format]
+  RESERVED_KEYS_PATTERN = /%\{(#{RESERVED_KEYS.join("|")})\}/
+
+  class << self
+    # Gets I18n configuration object.
+    def config
+      Thread.current[:i18n_config] ||= I18n::Config.new
+    end
+
+    # Sets I18n configuration object.
+    def config=(value)
+      Thread.current[:i18n_config] = value
+    end
+
+    # Write methods which delegates to the configuration object
+    %w(locale backend default_locale available_locales default_separator
+      exception_handler load_path).each do |method|
+      module_eval <<-DELEGATORS, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+        def #{method}
+          config.#{method}
+        end
+
+        def #{method}=(value)
+          config.#{method} = (value)
+        end
+      DELEGATORS
+    end
+
+    # Tells the backend to reload translations. Used in situations like the
+    # Rails development environment. Backends can implement whatever strategy
+    # is useful.
+    def reload!
+      config.backend.reload!
+    end
+
+    # Translates, pluralizes and interpolates a given key using a given locale,
+    # scope, and default, as well as interpolation values.
+    #
+    # *LOOKUP*
+    #
+    # Translation data is organized as a nested hash using the upper-level keys
+    # as namespaces. <em>E.g.</em>, ActionView ships with the translation:
+    # <tt>:date => {:formats => {:short => "%b %d"}}</tt>.
+    #
+    # Translations can be looked up at any level of this hash using the key argument
+    # and the scope option. <em>E.g.</em>, in this example <tt>I18n.t :date</tt>
+    # returns the whole translations hash <tt>{:formats => {:short => "%b %d"}}</tt>.
+    #
+    # Key can be either a single key or a dot-separated key (both Strings and Symbols
+    # work). <em>E.g.</em>, the short format can be looked up using both:
+    #   I18n.t 'date.formats.short'
+    #   I18n.t :'date.formats.short'
+    #
+    # Scope can be either a single key, a dot-separated key or an array of keys
+    # or dot-separated keys. Keys and scopes can be combined freely. So these
+    # examples will all look up the same short date format:
+    #   I18n.t 'date.formats.short'
+    #   I18n.t 'formats.short', :scope => 'date'
+    #   I18n.t 'short', :scope => 'date.formats'
+    #   I18n.t 'short', :scope => %w(date formats)
+    #
+    # *INTERPOLATION*
+    #
+    # Translations can contain interpolation variables which will be replaced by
+    # values passed to #translate as part of the options hash, with the keys matching
+    # the interpolation variable names.
+    #
+    # <em>E.g.</em>, with a translation <tt>:foo => "foo %{bar}"</tt> the option
+    # value for the key +bar+ will be interpolated into the translation:
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :bar => 'baz' # => 'foo baz'
+    #
+    # *PLURALIZATION*
+    #
+    # Translation data can contain pluralized translations. Pluralized translations
+    # are arrays of singluar/plural versions of translations like <tt>['Foo', 'Foos']</tt>.
+    #
+    # Note that <tt>I18n::Backend::Simple</tt> only supports an algorithm for English
+    # pluralization rules. Other algorithms can be supported by custom backends.
+    #
+    # This returns the singular version of a pluralized translation:
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :count => 1 # => 'Foo'
+    #
+    # These both return the plural version of a pluralized translation:
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :count => 0 # => 'Foos'
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :count => 2 # => 'Foos'
+    #
+    # The <tt>:count</tt> option can be used both for pluralization and interpolation.
+    # <em>E.g.</em>, with the translation
+    # <tt>:foo => ['%{count} foo', '%{count} foos']</tt>, count will
+    # be interpolated to the pluralized translation:
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :count => 1 # => '1 foo'
+    #
+    # *DEFAULTS*
+    #
+    # This returns the translation for <tt>:foo</tt> or <tt>default</tt> if no translation was found:
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :default => 'default'
+    #
+    # This returns the translation for <tt>:foo</tt> or the translation for <tt>:bar</tt> if no
+    # translation for <tt>:foo</tt> was found:
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :default => :bar
+    #
+    # Returns the translation for <tt>:foo</tt> or the translation for <tt>:bar</tt>
+    # or <tt>default</tt> if no translations for <tt>:foo</tt> and <tt>:bar</tt> were found.
+    #   I18n.t :foo, :default => [:bar, 'default']
+    #
+    # *BULK LOOKUP*
+    #
+    # This returns an array with the translations for <tt>:foo</tt> and <tt>:bar</tt>.
+    #   I18n.t [:foo, :bar]
+    #
+    # Can be used with dot-separated nested keys:
+    #   I18n.t [:'baz.foo', :'baz.bar']
+    #
+    # Which is the same as using a scope option:
+    #   I18n.t [:foo, :bar], :scope => :baz
+    #
+    # *LAMBDAS*
+    #
+    # Both translations and defaults can be given as Ruby lambdas. Lambdas will be
+    # called and passed the key and options.
+    #
+    # E.g. assuming the key <tt>:salutation</tt> resolves to:
+    #   lambda { |key, options| options[:gender] == 'm' ? "Mr. %{options[:name]}" : "Mrs. %{options[:name]}" }
+    #
+    # Then <tt>I18n.t(:salutation, :gender => 'w', :name => 'Smith') will result in "Mrs. Smith".
+    #
+    # It is recommended to use/implement lambdas in an "idempotent" way. E.g. when
+    # a cache layer is put in front of I18n.translate it will generate a cache key
+    # from the argument values passed to #translate. Therefor your lambdas should
+    # always return the same translations/values per unique combination of argument
+    # values.
+    def translate(*args)
+      options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
+      key     = args.shift
+      backend = config.backend
+      locale  = options.delete(:locale) || config.locale
+      raises  = options.delete(:raise)
+
+      raise I18n::ArgumentError if key.is_a?(String) && key.empty?
+
+      if key.is_a?(Array)
+        key.map { |k| backend.translate(locale, k, options) }
+      else
+        backend.translate(locale, key, options)
+      end
+    rescue I18n::ArgumentError => exception
+      raise exception if raises
+      handle_exception(exception, locale, key, options)
+    end
+    alias :t :translate
+
+    def translate!(key, options={})
+      translate(key, options.merge(:raise => true))
+    end
+    alias :t! :translate!
+
+    # Transliterates UTF-8 characters to ASCII. By default this method will
+    # transliterate only Latin strings to an ASCII approximation:
+    #
+    #    I18n.transliterate("Ærøskøbing")
+    #    # => "AEroskobing"
+    #
+    #    I18n.transliterate("日本語")
+    #    # => "???"
+    #
+    # It's also possible to add support for per-locale transliterations. I18n
+    # expects transliteration rules to be stored at
+    # <tt>i18n.transliterate.rule</tt>.
+    #
+    # Transliteration rules can either be a Hash or a Proc. Procs must accept a
+    # single string argument. Hash rules inherit the default transliteration
+    # rules, while Procs do not.
+    #
+    # *Examples*
+    #
+    # Setting a Hash in <locale>.yml:
+    #
+    #    i18n:
+    #      transliterate:
+    #        rule:
+    #          ü: "ue"
+    #          ö: "oe"
+    #
+    # Setting a Hash using Ruby:
+    #
+    #     store_translations(:de, :i18n => {
+    #       :transliterate => {
+    #         :rule => {
+    #           "ü" => "ue",
+    #           "ö" => "oe"
+    #         }
+    #       }
+    #     )
+    #
+    # Setting a Proc:
+    #
+    #     translit = lambda {|string| MyTransliterator.transliterate(string) }
+    #     store_translations(:xx, :i18n => {:transliterate => {:rule => translit})
+    #
+    # Transliterating strings:
+    #
+    #     I18n.locale = :en
+    #     I18n.transliterate("Jürgen") # => "Jurgen"
+    #     I18n.locale = :de
+    #     I18n.transliterate("Jürgen") # => "Juergen"
+    #     I18n.transliterate("Jürgen", :locale => :en) # => "Jurgen"
+    #     I18n.transliterate("Jürgen", :locale => :de) # => "Juergen"
+    def transliterate(*args)
+      options      = args.pop if args.last.is_a?(Hash)
+      key          = args.shift
+      locale       = options && options.delete(:locale) || config.locale
+      raises       = options && options.delete(:raise)
+      replacement  = options && options.delete(:replacement)
+      config.backend.transliterate(locale, key, replacement)
+    rescue I18n::ArgumentError => exception
+      raise exception if raises
+      handle_exception(exception, locale, key, options)
+    end
+
+    # Localizes certain objects, such as dates and numbers to local formatting.
+    def localize(object, options = {})
+      locale = options.delete(:locale) || config.locale
+      format = options.delete(:format) || :default
+      config.backend.localize(locale, object, format, options)
+    end
+    alias :l :localize
+
+    # Executes block with given I18n.locale set.
+    def with_locale(tmp_locale = nil)
+      if tmp_locale
+        current_locale = self.locale
+        self.locale    = tmp_locale
+      end
+      yield
+    ensure
+      self.locale = current_locale if tmp_locale
+    end
+
+    # Merges the given locale, key and scope into a single array of keys.
+    # Splits keys that contain dots into multiple keys. Makes sure all
+    # keys are Symbols.
+    def normalize_keys(locale, key, scope, separator = nil)
+      separator ||= I18n.default_separator
+
+      keys = []
+      keys.concat normalize_key(locale, separator)
+      keys.concat normalize_key(scope, separator)
+      keys.concat normalize_key(key, separator)
+      keys
+    end
+
+  # making these private until Ruby 1.9.2 can send to protected methods again
+  # see http://redmine.ruby-lang.org/repositories/revision/ruby-19?rev=24280
+  private
+
+    # Any exceptions thrown in translate will be sent to the @@exception_handler
+    # which can be a Symbol, a Proc or any other Object.
+    #
+    # If exception_handler is a Symbol then it will simply be sent to I18n as
+    # a method call. A Proc will simply be called. In any other case the
+    # method #call will be called on the exception_handler object.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #
+    #   I18n.exception_handler = :default_exception_handler             # this is the default
+    #   I18n.default_exception_handler(exception, locale, key, options) # will be called like this
+    #
+    #   I18n.exception_handler = lambda { |*args| ... }                 # a lambda
+    #   I18n.exception_handler.call(exception, locale, key, options)    # will be called like this
+    #
+    #  I18n.exception_handler = I18nExceptionHandler.new                # an object
+    #  I18n.exception_handler.call(exception, locale, key, options)     # will be called like this
+    def handle_exception(exception, locale, key, options)
+      case handler = options[:exception_handler] || config.exception_handler
+      when Symbol
+        send(handler, exception, locale, key, options)
+      else
+        handler.call(exception, locale, key, options)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def normalize_key(key, separator)
+      normalized_key_cache[separator][key] ||=
+        case key
+        when Array
+          key.map { |k| normalize_key(k, separator) }.flatten
+        else
+          keys = key.to_s.split(separator)
+          keys.delete('')
+          keys.map!{ |k| k.to_sym }
+          keys
+        end
+    end
+
+    def normalized_key_cache
+      @normalized_key_cache ||= Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = {} }
+    end
+
+    # DEPRECATED. Use I18n.normalize_keys instead.
+    def normalize_translation_keys(locale, key, scope, separator = nil)
+      puts "I18n.normalize_translation_keys is deprecated. Please use the class I18n.normalize_keys instead."
+      normalize_keys(locale, key, scope, separator)
+    end
+
+    # DEPRECATED. Please use the I18n::ExceptionHandler class instead.
+    def default_exception_handler(exception, locale, key, options)
+      puts "I18n.default_exception_handler is deprecated. Please use the class I18n::ExceptionHandler instead " +
+           "(an instance of which is set to I18n.exception_handler by default)."
+      return exception.message if MissingTranslationData === exception
+      raise exception
+    end
+  end
+end