rubysl-csv 1.0.0

checksums.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+SHA1:
+  metadata.gz: d73bb569e1fefd81701c9d864103837e884882ac
+  data.tar.gz: 3184788b8f1ef3727a76e8deef349173d3e652fd
+SHA512:
+  metadata.gz: 8943bd15e1331bb4189cf814432c854f609bef95370dd9d1dada5a36fee3bd372100b0883518035660c127e307af952dd94a494a3f275324e2f8840f2710125e
+  data.tar.gz: e60dfb285ac43dda46e209a202a7eedf1749603165ef2930c8a047449476664f32d9cbd7f3831d109c1ad00016bd340441daddcf768b4fb26e237d2221ef572f

data/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+*.gem
+*.rbc
+.bundle
+.config
+.yardoc
+Gemfile.lock
+InstalledFiles
+_yardoc
+coverage
+doc/
+lib/bundler/man
+pkg
+rdoc
+spec/reports
+test/tmp
+test/version_tmp
+tmp
+.rbx

data/.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+language: ruby
+before_install:
+  - gem update --system
+  - gem --version
+  - gem install rubysl-bundler
+script: bundle exec mspec spec
+rvm:
+  - rbx-nightly-18mode

data/Gemfile

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+# Specify your gem's dependencies in rubysl-csv.gemspec
+gemspec

data/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Copyright (c) 2013, Brian Shirai
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+3. Neither the name of the library nor the names of its contributors may be
+   used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+   specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL <COPYRIGHT HOLDER> BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
+INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
+OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
+EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

data/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# RubySL::Csv
+
+TODO: Write a gem description
+
+## Installation
+
+Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
+
+    gem 'rubysl-csv'
+
+And then execute:
+
+    $ bundle
+
+Or install it yourself as:
+
+    $ gem install rubysl-csv
+
+## Usage
+
+TODO: Write usage instructions here
+
+## Contributing
+
+1. Fork it
+2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Added some feature'`)
+4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+5. Create new Pull Request

data/Rakefile

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env rake
+require "bundler/gem_tasks"

data/lib/csv.rb

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+require "rubysl/csv"

data/lib/rubysl/csv.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+require "rubysl/csv/csv"
+require "rubysl/csv/version"

data/lib/rubysl/csv/csv.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,992 @@
+# CSV -- module for generating/parsing CSV data.
+# Copyright (C) 2000-2004  NAKAMURA, Hiroshi <nakahiro@sarion.co.jp>.
+  
+# $Id: csv.rb 11708 2007-02-12 23:01:19Z shyouhei $
+  
+# This program is copyrighted free software by NAKAMURA, Hiroshi.  You can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms of Ruby's license;
+# either the dual license version in 2003, or any later version.
+  
+  
+class CSV
+  class IllegalFormatError < RuntimeError; end
+
+  # deprecated
+  class Cell < String
+    def initialize(data = "", is_null = false)
+      super(is_null ? "" : data)
+    end
+
+    def data
+      to_s
+    end
+  end
+
+  # deprecated
+  class Row < Array
+  end
+
+  # Open a CSV formatted file for reading or writing.
+  #
+  # For reading.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE 1
+  #   CSV.open('csvfile.csv', 'r') do |row|
+  #     p row
+  #   end
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE 2
+  #   reader = CSV.open('csvfile.csv', 'r')
+  #   row1 = reader.shift
+  #   row2 = reader.shift
+  #   if row2.empty?
+  #     p 'row2 not find.'
+  #   end
+  #   reader.close
+  #
+  # ARGS
+  #   filename: filename to parse.
+  #   col_sep: Column separator.  ?, by default.  If you want to separate
+  #     fields with semicolon, give ?; here.
+  #   row_sep: Row separator.  nil by default.  nil means "\r\n or \n".  If you
+  #     want to separate records with \r, give ?\r here.
+  #
+  # RETURNS
+  #   reader instance.  To get parse result, see CSV::Reader#each.
+  #
+  #
+  # For writing.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE 1
+  #   CSV.open('csvfile.csv', 'w') do |writer|
+  #     writer << ['r1c1', 'r1c2']
+  #     writer << ['r2c1', 'r2c2']
+  #     writer << [nil, nil]
+  #   end
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE 2
+  #   writer = CSV.open('csvfile.csv', 'w')
+  #   writer << ['r1c1', 'r1c2'] << ['r2c1', 'r2c2'] << [nil, nil]
+  #   writer.close
+  #
+  # ARGS
+  #   filename: filename to generate.
+  #   col_sep: Column separator.  ?, by default.  If you want to separate
+  #     fields with semicolon, give ?; here.
+  #   row_sep: Row separator.  nil by default.  nil means "\r\n or \n".  If you
+  #     want to separate records with \r, give ?\r here.
+  #
+  # RETURNS
+  #   writer instance.  See CSV::Writer#<< and CSV::Writer#add_row to know how
+  #   to generate CSV string.
+  #
+  def CSV.open(path, mode, fs = nil, rs = nil, &block)
+    if mode == 'r' or mode == 'rb'
+      open_reader(path, mode, fs, rs, &block)
+    elsif mode == 'w' or mode == 'wb'
+      open_writer(path, mode, fs, rs, &block)
+    else
+      raise ArgumentError.new("'mode' must be 'r', 'rb', 'w', or 'wb'")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def CSV.foreach(path, rs = nil, &block)
+    open_reader(path, 'r', ',', rs, &block)
+  end
+
+  def CSV.read(path, length = nil, offset = nil)
+    CSV.parse(IO.read(path, length, offset))
+  end
+  
+  def CSV.readlines(path, rs = nil)
+    reader = open_reader(path, 'r', ',', rs)
+    begin
+      reader.collect { |row| row }
+    ensure
+      reader.close
+    end
+  end
+
+  def CSV.generate(path, fs = nil, rs = nil, &block)
+    open_writer(path, 'w', fs, rs, &block)
+  end
+
+  # Parse lines from given string or stream.  Return rows as an Array of Arrays.
+  def CSV.parse(str_or_readable, fs = nil, rs = nil, &block)
+    if File.exist?(str_or_readable)
+      STDERR.puts("CSV.parse(filename) is deprecated." +
+        "  Use CSV.open(filename, 'r') instead.")
+      return open_reader(str_or_readable, 'r', fs, rs, &block)
+    end
+    if block
+      CSV::Reader.parse(str_or_readable, fs, rs) do |row|
+        yield(row)
+      end
+      nil
+    else
+      CSV::Reader.create(str_or_readable, fs, rs).collect { |row| row }
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Parse a line from given string.  Bear in mind it parses ONE LINE.  Rest of
+  # the string is ignored for example "a,b\r\nc,d" => ['a', 'b'] and the
+  # second line 'c,d' is ignored.
+  #
+  # If you don't know whether a target string to parse is exactly 1 line or
+  # not, use CSV.parse_row instead of this method.
+  def CSV.parse_line(src, fs = nil, rs = nil)
+    fs ||= ','
+    if fs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      fs = fs.chr
+    end
+    if !rs.nil? and rs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      rs = rs.chr
+    end
+    idx = 0
+    res_type = :DT_COLSEP
+    row = []
+    begin
+      while res_type == :DT_COLSEP
+        res_type, idx, cell = parse_body(src, idx, fs, rs)
+        row << cell
+      end
+    rescue IllegalFormatError
+      return []
+    end
+    row
+  end
+
+  # Create a line from cells.  each cell is stringified by to_s.
+  def CSV.generate_line(row, fs = nil, rs = nil)
+    if row.size == 0
+      return ''
+    end
+    fs ||= ','
+    if fs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      fs = fs.chr
+    end
+    if !rs.nil? and rs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      rs = rs.chr
+    end
+    res_type = :DT_COLSEP
+    result_str = ''
+    idx = 0
+    while true
+      generate_body(row[idx], result_str, fs, rs)
+      idx += 1
+      if (idx == row.size)
+        break
+      end
+      generate_separator(:DT_COLSEP, result_str, fs, rs)
+    end
+    result_str
+  end
+  
+  # Parse a line from string.  Consider using CSV.parse_line instead.
+  # To parse lines in CSV string, see EXAMPLE below.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE
+  #   src = "a,b\r\nc,d\r\ne,f"
+  #   idx = 0
+  #   begin
+  #     parsed = []
+  #     parsed_cells, idx = CSV.parse_row(src, idx, parsed)
+  #     puts "Parsed #{ parsed_cells } cells."
+  #     p parsed
+  #   end while parsed_cells > 0
+  #
+  # ARGS
+  #   src: a CSV data to be parsed.  Must respond '[](idx)'.
+  #     src[](idx) must return a char. (Not a string such as 'a', but 97).
+  #     src[](idx_out_of_bounds) must return nil.  A String satisfies this
+  #     requirement.
+  #   idx: index of parsing location of 'src'.  0 origin.
+  #   out_dev: buffer for parsed cells.  Must respond '<<(aString)'.
+  #   col_sep: Column separator.  ?, by default.  If you want to separate
+  #     fields with semicolon, give ?; here.
+  #   row_sep: Row separator.  nil by default.  nil means "\r\n or \n".  If you
+  #     want to separate records with \r, give ?\r here.
+  #
+  # RETURNS
+  #   parsed_cells: num of parsed cells.
+  #   idx: index of next parsing location of 'src'.
+  #
+  def CSV.parse_row(src, idx, out_dev, fs = nil, rs = nil)
+    fs ||= ','
+    if fs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      fs = fs.chr
+    end
+    if !rs.nil? and rs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      rs = rs.chr
+    end
+    idx_backup = idx
+    parsed_cells = 0
+    res_type = :DT_COLSEP
+    begin
+      while res_type != :DT_ROWSEP
+        res_type, idx, cell = parse_body(src, idx, fs, rs)
+        if res_type == :DT_EOS
+          if idx == idx_backup #((parsed_cells == 0) and cell.nil?)
+            return 0, 0
+          end
+          res_type = :DT_ROWSEP
+        end
+        parsed_cells += 1
+        out_dev << cell
+      end
+    rescue IllegalFormatError
+      return 0, 0
+    end
+    return parsed_cells, idx
+  end
+  
+  # Convert a line from cells data to string.  Consider using CSV.generate_line
+  # instead.  To generate multi-row CSV string, see EXAMPLE below.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE
+  #   row1 = ['a', 'b']
+  #   row2 = ['c', 'd']
+  #   row3 = ['e', 'f']
+  #   src = [row1, row2, row3]
+  #   buf = ''
+  #   src.each do |row|
+  #     parsed_cells = CSV.generate_row(row, 2, buf)
+  #     puts "Created #{ parsed_cells } cells."
+  #   end
+  #   p buf
+  #
+  # ARGS
+  #   src: an Array of String to be converted to CSV string.  Must respond to
+  #     'size' and '[](idx)'.  src[idx] must return String.
+  #   cells: num of cells in a line.
+  #   out_dev: buffer for generated CSV string.  Must respond to '<<(string)'.
+  #   col_sep: Column separator.  ?, by default.  If you want to separate
+  #     fields with semicolon, give ?; here.
+  #   row_sep: Row separator.  nil by default.  nil means "\r\n or \n".  If you
+  #     want to separate records with \r, give ?\r here.
+  #
+  # RETURNS
+  #   parsed_cells: num of converted cells.
+  #
+  def CSV.generate_row(src, cells, out_dev, fs = nil, rs = nil)
+    fs ||= ','
+    if fs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      fs = fs.chr
+    end
+    if !rs.nil? and rs.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      rs = rs.chr
+    end
+    src_size = src.size
+    if (src_size == 0)
+      if cells == 0
+        generate_separator(:DT_ROWSEP, out_dev, fs, rs)
+      end
+      return 0
+    end
+    res_type = :DT_COLSEP
+    parsed_cells = 0
+    generate_body(src[parsed_cells], out_dev, fs, rs)
+    parsed_cells += 1
+    while ((parsed_cells < cells) and (parsed_cells != src_size))
+      generate_separator(:DT_COLSEP, out_dev, fs, rs)
+      generate_body(src[parsed_cells], out_dev, fs, rs)
+      parsed_cells += 1
+    end
+    if (parsed_cells == cells)
+      generate_separator(:DT_ROWSEP, out_dev, fs, rs)
+    else
+      generate_separator(:DT_COLSEP, out_dev, fs, rs)
+    end
+    parsed_cells
+  end
+  
+  # Private class methods.
+  class << self
+  private
+
+    def open_reader(path, mode, fs, rs, &block)
+      file = File.open(path, mode)
+      if block
+        begin
+          CSV::Reader.parse(file, fs, rs) do |row|
+            yield(row)
+          end
+        ensure
+          file.close
+        end
+        nil
+      else
+        reader = CSV::Reader.create(file, fs, rs)
+        reader.close_on_terminate
+        reader
+      end
+    end
+
+    def open_writer(path, mode, fs, rs, &block)
+      file = File.open(path, mode)
+      if block
+        begin
+          CSV::Writer.generate(file, fs, rs) do |writer|
+            yield(writer)
+          end
+        ensure
+          file.close
+        end
+        nil
+      else
+        writer = CSV::Writer.create(file, fs, rs) 
+        writer.close_on_terminate
+        writer
+      end
+    end
+
+    def parse_body(src, idx, fs, rs)
+      fs_str = fs
+      fs_size = fs_str.size
+      rs_str = rs || "\n"
+      rs_size = rs_str.size
+      fs_idx = rs_idx = 0
+      cell = Cell.new
+      state = :ST_START
+      quoted = cr = false
+      c = nil
+      last_idx = idx
+      while c = src[idx]
+        unless quoted
+          fschar = (c == fs_str[fs_idx])
+          rschar = (c == rs_str[rs_idx])
+          # simple 1 char backtrack
+          if !fschar and c == fs_str[0]
+            fs_idx = 0
+            fschar = true
+            if state == :ST_START
+              state = :ST_DATA
+            elsif state == :ST_QUOTE
+              raise IllegalFormatError
+            end
+          end
+          if !rschar and c == rs_str[0]
+            rs_idx = 0
+            rschar = true
+            if state == :ST_START
+              state = :ST_DATA
+            elsif state == :ST_QUOTE
+              raise IllegalFormatError
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        if c == ?"
+          fs_idx = rs_idx = 0
+          if cr
+            raise IllegalFormatError
+          end
+          cell << src[last_idx, (idx - last_idx)]
+          last_idx = idx
+          if state == :ST_DATA
+            if quoted
+              last_idx += 1
+              quoted = false
+              state = :ST_QUOTE
+            else
+              raise IllegalFormatError
+            end
+          elsif state == :ST_QUOTE
+            cell << c.chr
+            last_idx += 1
+            quoted = true
+            state = :ST_DATA
+          else  # :ST_START
+            quoted = true
+            last_idx += 1
+            state = :ST_DATA
+          end
+        elsif fschar or rschar
+          if fschar
+            fs_idx += 1
+          end
+          if rschar
+            rs_idx += 1
+          end
+          sep = nil
+          if fs_idx == fs_size
+            if state == :ST_START and rs_idx > 0 and fs_idx < rs_idx
+              state = :ST_DATA
+            end
+            cell << src[last_idx, (idx - last_idx - (fs_size - 1))]
+            last_idx = idx
+            fs_idx = rs_idx = 0
+            if cr
+              raise IllegalFormatError
+            end
+            sep = :DT_COLSEP
+          elsif rs_idx == rs_size
+            if state == :ST_START and fs_idx > 0 and rs_idx < fs_idx
+              state = :ST_DATA
+            end
+            if !(rs.nil? and cr)
+              cell << src[last_idx, (idx - last_idx - (rs_size - 1))]
+              last_idx = idx
+            end
+            fs_idx = rs_idx = 0
+            sep = :DT_ROWSEP
+          end
+          if sep
+            if state == :ST_DATA
+              return sep, idx + 1, cell;
+            elsif state == :ST_QUOTE
+              return sep, idx + 1, cell;
+            else  # :ST_START
+              return sep, idx + 1, nil
+            end
+          end
+        elsif rs.nil? and c == ?\r
+          # special \r treatment for backward compatibility
+          fs_idx = rs_idx = 0
+          if cr
+            raise IllegalFormatError
+          end
+          cell << src[last_idx, (idx - last_idx)]
+          last_idx = idx
+          if quoted
+            state = :ST_DATA
+          else
+            cr = true
+          end
+        else
+          fs_idx = rs_idx = 0
+          if state == :ST_DATA or state == :ST_START
+            if cr
+              raise IllegalFormatError
+            end
+            state = :ST_DATA
+          else  # :ST_QUOTE
+            raise IllegalFormatError
+          end
+        end
+        idx += 1
+      end
+      if state == :ST_START
+        if fs_idx > 0 or rs_idx > 0
+          state = :ST_DATA
+        else
+          return :DT_EOS, idx, nil
+        end
+      elsif quoted
+        raise IllegalFormatError
+      elsif cr
+        raise IllegalFormatError
+      end
+      cell << src[last_idx, (idx - last_idx)]
+      last_idx = idx
+      return :DT_EOS, idx, cell
+    end
+  
+    def generate_body(cell, out_dev, fs, rs)
+      if cell.nil?
+        # empty
+      else
+        cell = cell.to_s
+        row_data = cell.dup
+        if (row_data.gsub!('"', '""') or
+            row_data.index(fs) or
+            (rs and row_data.index(rs)) or
+            (/[\r\n]/ =~ row_data) or
+            (cell.empty?))
+          out_dev << '"' << row_data << '"'
+        else
+          out_dev << row_data
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def generate_separator(type, out_dev, fs, rs)
+      case type
+      when :DT_COLSEP
+        out_dev << fs
+      when :DT_ROWSEP
+        out_dev << (rs || "\n")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  # CSV formatted string/stream reader.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE
+  #   read CSV lines untill the first column is 'stop'.
+  #
+  #   CSV::Reader.parse(File.open('bigdata', 'rb')) do |row|
+  #     p row
+  #     break if !row[0].is_null && row[0].data == 'stop'
+  #   end
+  #
+  class Reader
+    include Enumerable
+
+    # Parse CSV data and get lines.  Given block is called for each parsed row.
+    # Block value is always nil.  Rows are not cached for performance reason.
+    def Reader.parse(str_or_readable, fs = ',', rs = nil, &block)
+      reader = Reader.create(str_or_readable, fs, rs)
+      if block
+        reader.each do |row|
+          yield(row)
+        end
+        reader.close
+        nil
+      else
+        reader
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns reader instance.
+    def Reader.create(str_or_readable, fs = ',', rs = nil)
+      case str_or_readable
+      when IO
+        IOReader.new(str_or_readable, fs, rs)
+      when String
+        StringReader.new(str_or_readable, fs, rs)
+      else
+        IOReader.new(str_or_readable, fs, rs)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def each
+      while true
+        row = []
+        parsed_cells = get_row(row)
+        if parsed_cells == 0
+          break
+        end
+        yield(row)
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def shift
+      row = []
+      parsed_cells = get_row(row)
+      row
+    end
+
+    def close
+      terminate
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def initialize(dev)
+      raise RuntimeError.new('Do not instanciate this class directly.')
+    end
+
+    def get_row(row)
+      raise NotImplementedError.new('Method get_row must be defined in a derived class.')
+    end
+
+    def terminate
+      # Define if needed.
+    end
+  end
+  
+
+  class StringReader < Reader
+    def initialize(string, fs = ',', rs = nil)
+      @fs = fs
+      @rs = rs
+      @dev = string
+      @idx = 0
+      if @dev[0, 3] == "\xef\xbb\xbf"
+        @idx += 3
+      end
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def get_row(row)
+      parsed_cells, next_idx = CSV.parse_row(@dev, @idx, row, @fs, @rs)
+      if parsed_cells == 0 and next_idx == 0 and @idx != @dev.size
+        raise IllegalFormatError.new
+      end
+      @idx = next_idx
+      parsed_cells
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  class IOReader < Reader
+    def initialize(io, fs = ',', rs = nil)
+      @io = io
+      @fs = fs
+      @rs = rs
+      @dev = CSV::IOBuf.new(@io)
+      @idx = 0
+      if @dev[0] == 0xef and @dev[1] == 0xbb and @dev[2] == 0xbf
+        @idx += 3
+      end
+      @close_on_terminate = false
+    end
+
+    # Tell this reader to close the IO when terminated (Triggered by invoking
+    # CSV::IOReader#close).
+    def close_on_terminate
+      @close_on_terminate = true
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def get_row(row)
+      parsed_cells, next_idx = CSV.parse_row(@dev, @idx, row, @fs, @rs)
+      if parsed_cells == 0 and next_idx == 0 and !@dev.is_eos?
+        raise IllegalFormatError.new
+      end
+      dropped = @dev.drop(next_idx)
+      @idx = next_idx - dropped
+      parsed_cells
+    end
+
+    def terminate
+      if @close_on_terminate
+        @io.close
+      end
+
+      if @dev
+        @dev.close
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  # CSV formatted string/stream writer.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE
+  #   Write rows to 'csvout' file.
+  #
+  #   outfile = File.open('csvout', 'wb')
+  #   CSV::Writer.generate(outfile) do |csv|
+  #     csv << ['c1', nil, '', '"', "\r\n", 'c2']
+  #     ...
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   outfile.close
+  #
+  class Writer
+    # Given block is called with the writer instance.  str_or_writable must
+    # handle '<<(string)'.
+    def Writer.generate(str_or_writable, fs = ',', rs = nil, &block)
+      writer = Writer.create(str_or_writable, fs, rs)
+      if block
+        yield(writer)
+        writer.close
+        nil
+      else
+        writer
+      end
+    end
+
+    # str_or_writable must handle '<<(string)'.
+    def Writer.create(str_or_writable, fs = ',', rs = nil)
+      BasicWriter.new(str_or_writable, fs, rs)
+    end
+
+    # dump CSV stream to the device.  argument must be an Array of String.
+    def <<(row)
+      CSV.generate_row(row, row.size, @dev, @fs, @rs)
+      self
+    end
+    alias add_row <<
+
+    def close
+      terminate
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def initialize(dev)
+      raise RuntimeError.new('Do not instanciate this class directly.')
+    end
+
+    def terminate
+      # Define if needed.
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  class BasicWriter < Writer
+    def initialize(str_or_writable, fs = ',', rs = nil)
+      @fs = fs
+      @rs = rs
+      @dev = str_or_writable
+      @close_on_terminate = false
+    end
+
+    # Tell this writer to close the IO when terminated (Triggered by invoking
+    # CSV::BasicWriter#close).
+    def close_on_terminate
+      @close_on_terminate = true
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def terminate
+      if @close_on_terminate
+        @dev.close
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+private
+
+  # Buffered stream.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE 1 -- an IO.
+  #   class MyBuf < StreamBuf
+  #     # Do initialize myself before a super class.  Super class might call my
+  #     # method 'read'. (Could be awful for C++ user. :-)
+  #     def initialize(s)
+  #       @s = s
+  #       super()
+  #     end
+  #
+  #     # define my own 'read' method.
+  #     # CAUTION: Returning nil means EnfOfStream.
+  #     def read(size)
+  #       @s.read(size)
+  #     end
+  #
+  #     # release buffers. in Ruby which has GC, you do not have to call this...
+  #     def terminate
+  #       @s = nil
+  #       super()
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   buf = MyBuf.new(STDIN)
+  #   my_str = ''
+  #   p buf[0, 0]               # => '' (null string)
+  #   p buf[0]                  # => 97 (char code of 'a')
+  #   p buf[0, 1]               # => 'a'
+  #   my_str = buf[0, 5]
+  #   p my_str                  # => 'abcde' (5 chars)
+  #   p buf[0, 6]               # => "abcde\n" (6 chars)
+  #   p buf[0, 7]               # => "abcde\n" (6 chars)
+  #   p buf.drop(3)             # => 3 (dropped chars)
+  #   p buf.get(0, 2)           # => 'de' (2 chars)
+  #   p buf.is_eos?             # => false (is not EOS here)
+  #   p buf.drop(5)             # => 3 (dropped chars)
+  #   p buf.is_eos?             # => true (is EOS here)
+  #   p buf[0]                  # => nil (is EOS here)
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE 2 -- String.
+  #   This is a conceptual example.  No pros with this.
+  #
+  #   class StrBuf < StreamBuf
+  #     def initialize(s)
+  #       @str = s
+  #       @idx = 0
+  #       super()
+  #     end
+  #
+  #     def read(size)
+  #       str = @str[@idx, size]
+  #       @idx += str.size
+  #       str
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  class StreamBuf
+    # get a char or a partial string from the stream.
+    # idx: index of a string to specify a start point of a string to get.
+    # unlike String instance, idx < 0 returns nil.
+    # n: size of a string to get.
+    # returns char at idx if n == nil.
+    # returns a partial string, from idx to (idx + n) if n != nil.  at EOF,
+    # the string size could not equal to arg n.
+    def [](idx, n = nil) 
+      if idx < 0
+        return nil
+      end
+      if (idx_is_eos?(idx))
+        if n and (@offset + idx == buf_size(@cur_buf))
+          # Like a String, 'abc'[4, 1] returns nil and
+          # 'abc'[3, 1] returns '' not nil.
+          return ''
+        else
+          return nil
+        end
+      end
+      my_buf = @cur_buf
+      my_offset = @offset
+      next_idx = idx
+      while (my_offset + next_idx >= buf_size(my_buf))
+        if (my_buf == @buf_tail_idx)
+          unless add_buf
+            break
+          end
+        end
+        next_idx = my_offset + next_idx - buf_size(my_buf)
+        my_buf += 1
+        my_offset = 0
+      end
+      loc = my_offset + next_idx
+      if !n
+        return @buf_list[my_buf][loc]           # Fixnum of char code.
+      elsif (loc + n - 1 < buf_size(my_buf))
+        return @buf_list[my_buf][loc, n]        # String.
+      else # should do loop insted of (tail) recursive call...
+        res = @buf_list[my_buf][loc, BufSize]
+        size_added = buf_size(my_buf) - loc
+        if size_added > 0
+          idx += size_added
+          n -= size_added
+          ret = self[idx, n]
+          if ret
+            res << ret
+          end
+        end
+        return res
+      end
+    end
+    alias get []
+  
+    # drop a string from the stream.
+    # returns dropped size.  at EOF, dropped size might not equals to arg n.
+    # Once you drop the head of the stream, access to the dropped part via []
+    # or get returns nil.
+    def drop(n)
+      if is_eos?
+        return 0
+      end
+      size_dropped = 0
+      while (n > 0)
+        if !@is_eos or (@cur_buf != @buf_tail_idx)
+          if (@offset + n < buf_size(@cur_buf))
+            size_dropped += n
+            @offset += n
+            n = 0
+          else
+            size = buf_size(@cur_buf) - @offset
+            size_dropped += size
+            n -= size
+            @offset = 0
+            unless rel_buf
+              unless add_buf
+                break
+              end
+              @cur_buf = @buf_tail_idx
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      size_dropped
+    end
+  
+    def is_eos?
+      return idx_is_eos?(0)
+    end
+  
+    # WARN: Do not instantiate this class directly.  Define your own class
+    # which derives this class and define 'read' instance method.
+    def initialize
+      @buf_list = []
+      @cur_buf = @buf_tail_idx = -1
+      @offset = 0
+      @is_eos = false
+      add_buf
+      @cur_buf = @buf_tail_idx
+    end
+  
+  protected
+
+    def terminate
+      while (rel_buf); end
+    end
+  
+    # protected method 'read' must be defined in derived classes.
+    # CAUTION: Returning a string which size is not equal to 'size' means
+    # EnfOfStream.  When it is not at EOS, you must block the callee, try to
+    # read and return the sized string.
+    def read(size) # raise EOFError
+      raise NotImplementedError.new('Method read must be defined in a derived class.')
+    end
+  
+  private
+  
+    def buf_size(idx)
+      @buf_list[idx].size
+    end
+
+    def add_buf
+      if @is_eos
+        return false
+      end
+      begin
+        str_read = read(BufSize)
+      rescue EOFError
+        str_read = nil
+      rescue
+        terminate
+        raise
+      end
+      if str_read.nil?
+        @is_eos = true
+        @buf_list.push('')
+        @buf_tail_idx += 1
+        false
+      else
+        @buf_list.push(str_read)
+        @buf_tail_idx += 1
+        true
+      end
+    end
+  
+    def rel_buf
+      if (@cur_buf < 0)
+        return false
+      end
+      @buf_list[@cur_buf] = nil
+      if (@cur_buf == @buf_tail_idx)
+        @cur_buf = -1
+        return false
+      else
+        @cur_buf += 1
+        return true
+      end
+    end
+  
+    def idx_is_eos?(idx)
+      (@is_eos and ((@cur_buf < 0) or (@cur_buf == @buf_tail_idx)))
+    end
+  
+    BufSize = 1024 * 8
+  end
+
+  # Buffered IO.
+  #
+  # EXAMPLE
+  #   # File 'bigdata' could be a giga-byte size one!
+  #   buf = CSV::IOBuf.new(File.open('bigdata', 'rb'))
+  #   CSV::Reader.new(buf).each do |row|
+  #     p row
+  #     break if row[0].data == 'admin'
+  #   end
+  #
+  class IOBuf < StreamBuf
+    def initialize(s)
+      @s = s
+      super()
+    end
+  
+    def close
+      terminate
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def read(size)
+      @s.read(size)
+    end
+ 
+    def terminate
+      super()
+    end
+  end
+end