ruby-vpi 8.0.0 → 8.1.0

data/HISTORY

@@ -12,6 +12,21 @@ We _strictly_ follow the RubyGems project's "rational versioning policy":http://
 fn1. C. Gross, "Explaining Open Source Version Numbers", [Online document], 2005 Nov 28, [cited 2006 Aug 27], Available HTTP: "http://ablog.apress.com/?p=738":http://ablog.apress.com/?p=738
 
 
+h1. Version 8.1.0 (2006-10-21)
+
+h2. Summary
+
+This release adds an integer library and renames the vpi_util library.
+
+h2. Notice
+
+* The *vpi_util* library has been renamed to *vpi*. This change should not affect your code unless you explicitly imported this library via @require 'ruby-vpi/vpi_util'@. In which case, you should update your code to use @require 'ruby-vpi/vpi'@ accordingly.
+
+h2. Details
+
+* An integer library has been added to simplify common tasks related to hardware and the binary number system. You can import this library for use via @require 'ruby-vpi/integer'@.
+
+
 h1. Version 8.0.0 (2006-10-13)
 
 h2. Summary

data/doc/background.organization.html

@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@
   <span class="type">va_list</span> *<code class="varname">p</code> = &amp;<code class="varname">ap</code>;
 }
 </pre></li></ul></div><p>
-        </p><div class="section" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="organization.vpi.util"></a><span class="acronym">VPI</span> utility layer</h4></div></div></div><p>From a user's perspective, the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> utility layer greatly enhances the ability to interact with handles. One simply invokes a handle's methods, which are carefully named in the following manner, to access its <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties.</p><div class="table"><a id="table..handle-property-accessor-naming-format"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 2.1. Naming format for accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</b></p><table summary="Naming format for accessing a handle's VPI properties" border="1"><colgroup><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Operation</th><th>_</th><th>Property</th><th>_</th><th>Accessor</th><th>Addendum</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="2">optional</td><td>required</td><td colspan="2">optional</td><td>optional</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Operation</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter suggests a method that should be invoked in the context of the Property parameter.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Property</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter suggests which <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property should be accessed. The first letter of this parameter's value should be lower case, and the <span class="emphasis"><em>vpi</em></span> prefix—common to all <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties—can be omitted.</p><p>For example, the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property <span class="emphasis"><em>vpiFullName</em></span> is considered equivalent to <span class="emphasis"><em>fullName</em></span> but not equivalent to either <span class="emphasis"><em>FullName</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>full_name</em></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Accessor</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter suggests which <span class="acronym">VPI</span> function should be used to access the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property. When this parameter is not specified, the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> utility layer will attempt to <span class="emphasis"><em>guess</em></span> the value of this parameter (<a href="../../ref/ruby/classes/SWIG/TYPE_p_unsigned_int.html" target="_top">see the source code</a> of the <code class="code"><code class="constant">SWIG</code>::<code class="constant">TYPE_p_unsigned_int</code>#<code class="function">method_missing</code></code> method for details).</p><div class="table"><a id="id2482977"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 2.2. Possible accessors and their implications</b></p><table summary="Possible accessors and their implications" border="1"><colgroup></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Accessor</th><th>Kind of value accessed</th><th><span class="acronym">VPI</span> functions used to access the value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>d</td><td>delay</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get_delays</code>, <code class="function">vpi_put_delays</code></td></tr><tr><td>l</td><td>logic</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get_value</code>, <code class="function">vpi_put_value</code></td></tr><tr><td>i</td><td>integer</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get</code></td></tr><tr><td>b</td><td>boolean</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get</code></td></tr><tr><td>s</td><td>string</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get_str</code></td></tr><tr><td>h</td><td>handle</td><td><code class="function">vpi_handle</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Addendum</span></dt><dd><p>When this parameter is a question mark (<span class="emphasis"><em>?</em></span>), it suggests that the specified <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property should be queried as a boolean value. This produces the same effect as specifying <span class="emphasis"><em>b</em></span> for the Accessor parameter.</p><p>When this parameter is an equal sign (<span class="emphasis"><em>=</em></span>), it suggests that the specified <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property should be written to.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="example"><a id="ex..handle-property-accessor-naming-format"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 2.1. Accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</b></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Ruby expression</th><th colspan="6">Naming format</th><th rowspan="2">Description</th></tr><tr><th>Operation</th><th>_</th><th>Property</th><th>_</th><th>Accessor</th><th>Addendum</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">each_vpiNet</code> {|<code class="varname">net</code>| <code class="function">puts</code> <code class="varname">net</code>.<code class="function">fullName</code>}</code></td><td>each</td><td>_</td><td>vpiNet</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2">These expressions print the full name of each <code class="constant">vpiNet</code> object associated with the handle.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">each_net</code> {|<code class="varname">net</code>| <code class="function">puts</code> <code class="varname">net</code>.<code class="function">fullName</code>}</code></td><td>each</td><td>_</td><td>net</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the logic value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiIntVal</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal_l</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal_l</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal</code> = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>=</td><td rowspan="4">These expressions assign the number 15 to the logic value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiIntVal</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal_l</code> = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td>=</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal</code> = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>=</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal</code>_l = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td>=</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiType</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiType</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the integer value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiType</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiType_i</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiType</td><td>_</td><td>i</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">type</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>type</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">type_i</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>type</td><td>_</td><td>i</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiProtected</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiProtected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="6">These expressions access the boolean value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiProtected</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiProtected_b</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiProtected</td><td>_</td><td>b</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiProtected?</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiProtected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>?</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">protected</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>protected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">protected_b</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>protected</td><td>_</td><td>b</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">protected?</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>protected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>?</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiFullName</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiFullName</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the string value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiFullName</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiFullName_s</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiFullName</td><td>_</td><td>s</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">fullName</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>fullName</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">fullName_s</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>fullName</td><td>_</td><td>s</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiParent</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiParent</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the handle value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiParent</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiParent_h</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiParent</td><td>_</td><td>h</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">parent</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>parent</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">parent_h</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>parent</td><td>_</td><td>h</td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" 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+        </p><div class="section" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="organization.vpi.util"></a><span class="acronym">VPI</span> utility layer</h4></div></div></div><p>From a user's perspective, the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> utility layer greatly enhances the ability to interact with handles. One simply invokes a handle's methods, which are carefully named in the following manner, to access its <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties.</p><div class="table"><a id="table..handle-property-accessor-naming-format"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 2.1. Naming format for accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</b></p><table summary="Naming format for accessing a handle's VPI properties" border="1"><colgroup><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Operation</th><th>_</th><th>Property</th><th>_</th><th>Accessor</th><th>Addendum</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="2">optional</td><td>required</td><td colspan="2">optional</td><td>optional</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Operation</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter suggests a method that should be invoked in the context of the Property parameter.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Property</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter suggests which <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property should be accessed. The first letter of this parameter's value should be lower case, and the <span class="emphasis"><em>vpi</em></span> prefix—common to all <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties—can be omitted.</p><p>For example, the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property <span class="emphasis"><em>vpiFullName</em></span> is considered equivalent to <span class="emphasis"><em>fullName</em></span> but not equivalent to either <span class="emphasis"><em>FullName</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>full_name</em></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Accessor</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter suggests which <span class="acronym">VPI</span> function should be used to access the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property. When this parameter is not specified, the <span class="acronym">VPI</span> utility layer will attempt to <span class="emphasis"><em>guess</em></span> the value of this parameter (<a href="../../ref/ruby/classes/SWIG/TYPE_p_unsigned_int.html" target="_top">see the source code</a> of the <code class="code"><code class="constant">SWIG</code>::<code class="constant">TYPE_p_unsigned_int</code>#<code class="function">method_missing</code></code> method for details).</p><div class="table"><a id="id2488060"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 2.2. Possible accessors and their implications</b></p><table summary="Possible accessors and their implications" border="1"><colgroup></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Accessor</th><th>Kind of value accessed</th><th><span class="acronym">VPI</span> functions used to access the value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>d</td><td>delay</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get_delays</code>, <code class="function">vpi_put_delays</code></td></tr><tr><td>l</td><td>logic</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get_value</code>, <code class="function">vpi_put_value</code></td></tr><tr><td>i</td><td>integer</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get</code></td></tr><tr><td>b</td><td>boolean</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get</code></td></tr><tr><td>s</td><td>string</td><td><code class="function">vpi_get_str</code></td></tr><tr><td>h</td><td>handle</td><td><code class="function">vpi_handle</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Addendum</span></dt><dd><p>When this parameter is a question mark (<span class="emphasis"><em>?</em></span>), it suggests that the specified <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property should be queried as a boolean value. This produces the same effect as specifying <span class="emphasis"><em>b</em></span> for the Accessor parameter.</p><p>When this parameter is an equal sign (<span class="emphasis"><em>=</em></span>), it suggests that the specified <span class="acronym">VPI</span> property should be written to.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="example"><a id="ex..handle-property-accessor-naming-format"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 2.1. Accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</b></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /><col /></colgroup><thead><tr><th rowspan="2">Ruby expression</th><th colspan="6">Naming format</th><th rowspan="2">Description</th></tr><tr><th>Operation</th><th>_</th><th>Property</th><th>_</th><th>Accessor</th><th>Addendum</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">each_vpiNet</code> {|<code class="varname">net</code>| <code class="function">puts</code> <code class="varname">net</code>.<code class="function">fullName</code>}</code></td><td>each</td><td>_</td><td>vpiNet</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2">These expressions print the full name of each <code class="constant">vpiNet</code> object associated with the handle.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">each_net</code> {|<code class="varname">net</code>| <code class="function">puts</code> <code class="varname">net</code>.<code class="function">fullName</code>}</code></td><td>each</td><td>_</td><td>net</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the logic value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiIntVal</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal_l</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal_l</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal</code> = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>=</td><td rowspan="4">These expressions assign the number 15 to the logic value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiIntVal</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiIntVal_l</code> = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiIntVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td>=</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal</code> = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>=</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">intVal</code>_l = <code class="literal">15</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>intVal</td><td>_</td><td>l</td><td>=</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiType</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiType</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the integer value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiType</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiType_i</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiType</td><td>_</td><td>i</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">type</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>type</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">type_i</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>type</td><td>_</td><td>i</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiProtected</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiProtected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="6">These expressions access the boolean value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiProtected</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiProtected_b</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiProtected</td><td>_</td><td>b</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiProtected?</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiProtected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>?</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">protected</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>protected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">protected_b</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>protected</td><td>_</td><td>b</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">protected?</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>protected</td><td> </td><td> </td><td>?</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiFullName</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiFullName</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the string value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiFullName</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiFullName_s</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiFullName</td><td>_</td><td>s</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">fullName</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>fullName</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">fullName_s</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>fullName</td><td>_</td><td>s</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiParent</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiParent</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="4">These expressions access the handle value of the handle's <code class="constant">vpiParent</code> property.</td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">vpiParent_h</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>vpiParent</td><td>_</td><td>h</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">parent</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>parent</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><code class="code"><code class="varname">handle</code>.<code class="function">parent_h</code></code></td><td> </td><td> </td><td>parent</td><td>_</td><td>h</td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" 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-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Ruby-VPI user manual</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/manual.css" type="text/css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1" /><meta name="description" content="This manual explains how to use Ruby-VPI. You can find the newest version of this manual at the Ruby-VPI website." /><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Ruby-VPI user manual" /><link rel="next" href="introduction.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span> user manual</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="introduction.html"><img src="images/next.png" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="book" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="id2467520"></a><span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span> user manual</h1></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2006 Suraj N. Kurapati</p></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2005, 2006 <a href="http://tango.freedesktop.org" target="_top">Tango Desktop Project</a> <em><span class="remark">for admonition and navigation graphics released under <a href="images/COPYING" target="_top">this license</a>.</span></em></p></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 1999, 2000, 2001 Norman Walsh <em><span class="remark">for DocBook graphics released under <a href="images/copyright" target="_top">this license</a>.</span></em></p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="id2511299"></a><p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the <span class="acronym">GNU</span> Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "<span class="acronym">GNU</span> Free Documentation License".</p></div></div><div><div class="abstract"><p class="title"><b>Abstract</b></p><p>This manual explains how to use <span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span>. You can find the newest version of this manual at the <a href="http://ruby-vpi.rubyforge.org" target="_top"><span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span> website</a>.</p></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="introduction.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.license.html">License</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.manifest.html">Manifest</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.resources.html">Resources</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.related-works.html">Related works</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.related-works.html#introduction.related-works.pli">Ye olde PLI</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="background.html">2. Background</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.methodology.html">Methodology</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.terminology.html">Terminology</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.organization.html">Organization</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.organization.html#organization.vpi">Interface to <span class="acronym">VPI</span></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.running-tests.html">Running a test</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.running-tests.html#background.running-tests.init">Initialization</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.running-tests.html#background.running-tests.exec">Execution</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="usage.html">3. Usage</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.requirements.html">Requirements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.installation.html">Installation and maintenance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tools.html">Tools</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tools.html#usage.tools.generate-test">Automated test generation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tools.html#usage.tools.verilog-ruby-conv">Verilog to Ruby conversion</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.examples.html">Examples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.declare-design">Start with a design</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.generate-test">Generate a test</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.specification">Specify your expectations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-proto">Implement the prototype</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-proto">Verify the prototype</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-design">Implement the design</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-design">Verify the design</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="problems.html">4. Known problems</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.ruby.html">Ruby</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.ruby.html#problems.ruby.SystemStackError">SystemStackError</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.ruby.html#problems.ruby.TestUnit">test/unit</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="problem.ivl.html">Icarus Verilog</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problem.ivl.html#problems.ivl.vpi_handle_by_name">vpi_handle_by_name</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="problem.ivl.html#problems.ivl.vpi_reset">Vpi::reset</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.vsim.html">Mentor Modelsim</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.vsim.html#problems.vsim.ruby_run">ruby_run()</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="glossary"><a href="glossary.html">Glossary</a></span></dt><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="gfdl.html">A. GNU Free Documentation License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-0.html">PREAMBLE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-1.html">APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-2.html">VERBATIM COPYING</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-3.html">COPYING IN QUANTITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-4.html">MODIFICATIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-5.html">COMBINING DOCUMENTS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-6.html">COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-7.html">AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-8.html">TRANSLATION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-9.html">TERMINATION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-10.html">FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-addendum.html">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for
-  your documents</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="list-of-figures"><p><b>List of Figures</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="background.organization.html#fig..organization">Overall organization of a test</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="background.organization.html#fig..organization.detail">Detailed organization of a test</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="background.running-tests.html#fig..ruby_init">Initialization of a test</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="background.running-tests.html#fig..ruby_relay">Execution of a test</a></dt><dt>3.1. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter.v_decl">Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset</a></dt><dt>3.2. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..generate-test.rspec">Generating a test with specification in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.3. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..generate-test.unit-test">Generating a test with specification in unit test format</a></dt><dt>3.4. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter_rspecTest_spec.rb">Specification implemented in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.5. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter_unitTest_spec.rb">Specification implemented in unit test format</a></dt><dt>3.6. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter_proto.rb">Ruby prototype of our Verilog design</a></dt><dt>3.7. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-proto.rspec">Running a test with specification in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.8. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-proto.unit-test">Running a test with specification in unit test format</a></dt><dt>3.9. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter.v_impl">Implementation of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset</a></dt><dt>3.10. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-design.rspec">Running a test with specification in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.11. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-design.unit-test">Running a test with specification in unit test format</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="background.organization.html#table..handle-property-accessor-naming-format">Naming format for accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="background.organization.html#id2482977">Possible accessors and their implications</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-examples"><p><b>List of Examples</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="background.organization.html#ex..handle-property-accessor-naming-format">Accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</a></dt><dt>4.1. <a href="problem.ivl.html#ex..TestFoo">Part of a bench which instantiates a Verilog design</a></dt><dt>4.2. <a href="problem.ivl.html#ex..TestFoo_bad">Bad design with unconnected registers</a></dt><dt>4.3. <a href="problem.ivl.html#ex..TestFoo_fix">Fixed design with wired registers</a></dt></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="introduction.html"><img src="images/next.png" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Introduction</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Ruby-VPI user manual</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/manual.css" type="text/css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1" /><meta name="description" content="This manual explains how to use Ruby-VPI. You can find the newest version of this manual at the Ruby-VPI website." /><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Ruby-VPI user manual" /><link rel="next" href="introduction.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span> user manual</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="introduction.html"><img src="images/next.png" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="book" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="id2472330"></a><span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span> user manual</h1></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2006 Suraj N. Kurapati</p></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2005, 2006 <a href="http://tango.freedesktop.org" target="_top">Tango Desktop Project</a> <em><span class="remark">for admonition and navigation graphics released under <a href="images/COPYING" target="_top">this license</a>.</span></em></p></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 1999, 2000, 2001 Norman Walsh <em><span class="remark">for DocBook graphics released under <a href="images/copyright" target="_top">this license</a>.</span></em></p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="id2516383"></a><p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the <span class="acronym">GNU</span> Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "<span class="acronym">GNU</span> Free Documentation License".</p></div></div><div><div class="abstract"><p class="title"><b>Abstract</b></p><p>This manual explains how to use <span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span>. You can find the newest version of this manual at the <a href="http://ruby-vpi.rubyforge.org" target="_top"><span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span> website</a>.</p></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="introduction.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.license.html">License</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.manifest.html">Manifest</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.resources.html">Resources</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.related-works.html">Related works</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="introduction.related-works.html#introduction.related-works.pli">Ye olde PLI</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="background.html">2. Background</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.methodology.html">Methodology</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.terminology.html">Terminology</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.organization.html">Organization</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.organization.html#organization.vpi">Interface to <span class="acronym">VPI</span></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.running-tests.html">Running a test</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.running-tests.html#background.running-tests.init">Initialization</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="background.running-tests.html#background.running-tests.exec">Execution</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="usage.html">3. Usage</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.requirements.html">Requirements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.installation.html">Installation and maintenance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tools.html">Tools</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tools.html#usage.tools.generate-test">Automated test generation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tools.html#usage.tools.verilog-ruby-conv">Verilog to Ruby conversion</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.examples.html">Examples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.declare-design">Start with a design</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.generate-test">Generate a test</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.specification">Specify your expectations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-proto">Implement the prototype</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-proto">Verify the prototype</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-design">Implement the design</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-design">Verify the design</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="problems.html">4. Known problems</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.ruby.html">Ruby</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.ruby.html#problems.ruby.SystemStackError">SystemStackError</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.ruby.html#problems.ruby.TestUnit">test/unit</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="problem.ivl.html">Icarus Verilog</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problem.ivl.html#problems.ivl.vpi_handle_by_name">vpi_handle_by_name</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="problem.ivl.html#problems.ivl.vpi_reset">Vpi::reset</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.vsim.html">Mentor Modelsim</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="problems.vsim.html#problems.vsim.ruby_run">ruby_run()</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="glossary"><a href="glossary.html">Glossary</a></span></dt><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="gfdl.html">A. GNU Free Documentation License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-0.html">PREAMBLE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-1.html">APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-2.html">VERBATIM COPYING</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-3.html">COPYING IN QUANTITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-4.html">MODIFICATIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-5.html">COMBINING DOCUMENTS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-6.html">COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-7.html">AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-8.html">TRANSLATION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-9.html">TERMINATION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-10.html">FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="gfdl-addendum.html">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for
+  your documents</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="list-of-figures"><p><b>List of Figures</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="background.organization.html#fig..organization">Overall organization of a test</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="background.organization.html#fig..organization.detail">Detailed organization of a test</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="background.running-tests.html#fig..ruby_init">Initialization of a test</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="background.running-tests.html#fig..ruby_relay">Execution of a test</a></dt><dt>3.1. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter.v_decl">Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset</a></dt><dt>3.2. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..generate-test.rspec">Generating a test with specification in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.3. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..generate-test.unit-test">Generating a test with specification in unit test format</a></dt><dt>3.4. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter_rspecTest_spec.rb">Specification implemented in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.5. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter_unitTest_spec.rb">Specification implemented in unit test format</a></dt><dt>3.6. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter_proto.rb">Ruby prototype of our Verilog design</a></dt><dt>3.7. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-proto.rspec">Running a test with specification in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.8. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-proto.unit-test">Running a test with specification in unit test format</a></dt><dt>3.9. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter.v_impl">Implementation of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset</a></dt><dt>3.10. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-design.rspec">Running a test with specification in RSpec format</a></dt><dt>3.11. <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..test-design.unit-test">Running a test with specification in unit test format</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="background.organization.html#table..handle-property-accessor-naming-format">Naming format for accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="background.organization.html#id2488060">Possible accessors and their implications</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-examples"><p><b>List of Examples</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="background.organization.html#ex..handle-property-accessor-naming-format">Accessing a handle's <span class="acronym">VPI</span> properties</a></dt><dt>4.1. <a href="problem.ivl.html#ex..TestFoo">Part of a bench which instantiates a Verilog design</a></dt><dt>4.2. <a href="problem.ivl.html#ex..TestFoo_bad">Bad design with unconnected registers</a></dt><dt>4.3. <a href="problem.ivl.html#ex..TestFoo_fix">Fixed design with wired registers</a></dt></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="introduction.html"><img src="images/next.png" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Introduction</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Tutorial</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/manual.css" type="text/css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1" /><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Ruby-VPI user manual" /><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 3. Usage" /><link rel="prev" href="usage.examples.html" title="Examples" /><link rel="next" href="problems.html" title="Chapter 4. Known problems" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Tutorial</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="usage.examples.html"><img src="images/prev.png" alt="Prev" /></a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Usage</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html"><img src="images/next.png" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="usage.tutorial"></a>Tutorial</h2></div></div></div><div class="procedure"><a id="id2523048"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 3.1. Typical way of using <span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span></b></p><ol type="1"><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.declare-design" title="Start with a design">Declare the design</a>, which is a Verilog module, using Verilog 2001 syntax.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.generate-test" title="Generate a test">Generate a test</a> for the design using the <a href="usage.tools.html#usage.tools.generate-test" title="Automated test generation">automated test generator</a> tool.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.specification" title="Specify your expectations">Identify your expectations</a> for the design and implement them in the specification.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-proto" title="Implement the prototype">Implement the prototype</a> of the design in Ruby.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-proto" title="Verify the prototype">Verify the prototype</a> against the specification.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-design" title="Implement the design">Implement the design</a> in Verilog once the prototype has been verified.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-design" title="Verify the design">Verify the design</a> against the specification.</p></li></ol></div><div class="section" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="usage.tutorial.declare-design"></a>Start with a design</h3></div></div></div><p>First, we need a <a href="glossary.html#term..design">Design</a> to verify. In this tutorial, <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter.v_decl" title="Figure 3.1. Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset">Figure 3.1, “Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset”</a> will serve as our design. Its interface is composed of the following parts:
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Tutorial</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/manual.css" type="text/css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1" /><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Ruby-VPI user manual" /><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 3. Usage" /><link rel="prev" href="usage.examples.html" title="Examples" /><link rel="next" href="problems.html" title="Chapter 4. Known problems" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Tutorial</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="usage.examples.html"><img src="images/prev.png" alt="Prev" /></a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Usage</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html"><img src="images/next.png" alt="Next" /></a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="usage.tutorial"></a>Tutorial</h2></div></div></div><div class="procedure"><a id="id2528134"></a><p class="title"><b>Procedure 3.1. Typical way of using <span class="application">Ruby-VPI</span></b></p><ol type="1"><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.declare-design" title="Start with a design">Declare the design</a>, which is a Verilog module, using Verilog 2001 syntax.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.generate-test" title="Generate a test">Generate a test</a> for the design using the <a href="usage.tools.html#usage.tools.generate-test" title="Automated test generation">automated test generator</a> tool.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.specification" title="Specify your expectations">Identify your expectations</a> for the design and implement them in the specification.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-proto" title="Implement the prototype">Implement the prototype</a> of the design in Ruby.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-proto" title="Verify the prototype">Verify the prototype</a> against the specification.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.implement-design" title="Implement the design">Implement the design</a> in Verilog once the prototype has been verified.</p></li><li><p><a href="usage.tutorial.html#usage.tutorial.test-design" title="Verify the design">Verify the design</a> against the specification.</p></li></ol></div><div class="section" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="usage.tutorial.declare-design"></a>Start with a design</h3></div></div></div><p>First, we need a <a href="glossary.html#term..design">Design</a> to verify. In this tutorial, <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter.v_decl" title="Figure 3.1. Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset">Figure 3.1, “Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset”</a> will serve as our design. Its interface is composed of the following parts:
           </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">Size</code></span></dt><dd><p>This parameter defines the number of bits used to represent the counter's value.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="varname">clock</code></span></dt><dd><p>Each positive edge of this signal causes the <code class="varname">count</code> register to increment.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="varname">reset</code></span></dt><dd><p>Assertion of this signal causes the <code class="varname">count</code> register to become zero.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="varname">count</code></span></dt><dd><p>This register contains the counter's value.</p></dd></dl></div><p>
         </p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Important: Before we continue…"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Important]" src="images/important.png" /></td><th align="left">Before we continue…</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Save the source code shown in <a href="usage.tutorial.html#fig..counter.v_decl" title="Figure 3.1. Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset">Figure 3.1, “Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset”</a> into a file named <code class="filename">counter.v</code>.</p></td></tr></table></div><div class="figure"><a id="fig..counter.v_decl"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 3.1. Declaration of a simple up-counter with synchronous reset</b></p><pre class="programlisting">
 <span class="token">module</span> counter #(<span class="token">parameter</span> <code class="constant">Size</code> = <code class="literal">5</code>) (