nokogiri 1.9.1 → 1.15.3

data/ext/nokogiri/extconf.rb

@@ -1,208 +1,386 @@
-# :stopdoc:
-ENV['RC_ARCHS'] = '' if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /darwin/
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require 'mkmf'
+# rubocop:disable Style/GlobalVars
 
-ROOT = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', '..'))
+ENV["RC_ARCHS"] = "" if RUBY_PLATFORM.include?("darwin")
+
+require "mkmf"
+require "rbconfig"
+require "fileutils"
+require "shellwords"
+require "pathname"
+
+# helpful constants
+PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", ".."))
+REQUIRED_LIBXML_VERSION = "2.6.21"
+RECOMMENDED_LIBXML_VERSION = "2.9.3"
+
+REQUIRED_MINI_PORTILE_VERSION = "~> 2.8.2" # keep this version in sync with the one in the gemspec
+REQUIRED_PKG_CONFIG_VERSION = "~> 1.1"
+
+# Keep track of what versions of what libraries we build against
+OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS = {}
+
+NOKOGIRI_HELP_MESSAGE = <<~HELP
+  USAGE: ruby #{$PROGRAM_NAME} [options]
+
+    Flags that are always valid:
+
+      --use-system-libraries
+      --enable-system-libraries
+          Use system libraries instead of building and using the packaged libraries.
+
+      --disable-system-libraries
+          Use the packaged libraries, and ignore the system libraries. This is the default on most
+          platforms, and overrides `--use-system-libraries` and the environment variable
+          `NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES`.
+
+      --disable-clean
+          Do not clean out intermediate files after successful build.
+
+      --prevent-strip
+          Take steps to prevent stripping the symbol table and debugging info from the shared
+          library, potentially overriding RbConfig's CFLAGS/LDFLAGS/DLDFLAGS.
+
+
+    Flags only used when using system libraries:
+
+      General:
+
+        --with-opt-dir=DIRECTORY
+            Look for headers and libraries in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-opt-lib=DIRECTORY
+            Look for libraries in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-opt-include=DIRECTORY
+            Look for headers in DIRECTORY.
+
+
+      Related to zlib:
+
+        --with-zlib-dir=DIRECTORY
+            Look for zlib headers and library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-zlib-lib=DIRECTORY
+            Look for zlib library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-zlib-include=DIRECTORY
+            Look for zlib headers in DIRECTORY.
+
+
+      Related to iconv:
+
+        --with-iconv-dir=DIRECTORY
+            Look for iconv headers and library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-iconv-lib=DIRECTORY
+            Look for iconv library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-iconv-include=DIRECTORY
+            Look for iconv headers in DIRECTORY.
+
+
+      Related to libxml2:
+
+        --with-xml2-dir=DIRECTORY
+            Look for xml2 headers and library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-xml2-lib=DIRECTORY
+            Look for xml2 library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-xml2-include=DIRECTORY
+            Look for xml2 headers in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-xml2-source-dir=DIRECTORY
+            (dev only) Build libxml2 from the source code in DIRECTORY
+
+
+      Related to libxslt:
+
+        --with-xslt-dir=DIRECTORY
+            Look for xslt headers and library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-xslt-lib=DIRECTORY
+            Look for xslt library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-xslt-include=DIRECTORY
+            Look for xslt headers in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-xslt-source-dir=DIRECTORY
+            (dev only) Build libxslt from the source code in DIRECTORY
+
+
+      Related to libexslt:
+
+        --with-exslt-dir=DIRECTORY
+            Look for exslt headers and library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-exslt-lib=DIRECTORY
+            Look for exslt library in DIRECTORY.
+
+        --with-exslt-include=DIRECTORY
+            Look for exslt headers in DIRECTORY.
+
+
+    Flags only used when building and using the packaged libraries:
+
+      --disable-static
+          Do not statically link packaged libraries, instead use shared libraries.
+
+      --enable-cross-build
+          Enable cross-build mode. (You probably do not want to set this manually.)
+
+
+    Environment variables used:
+
+      NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES
+          Equivalent to `--enable-system-libraries` when set, even if nil or blank.
+
+      CC
+          Use this path to invoke the compiler instead of `RbConfig::CONFIG['CC']`
+
+      CPPFLAGS
+          If this string is accepted by the C preprocessor, add it to the flags passed to the C preprocessor
+
+      CFLAGS
+          If this string is accepted by the compiler, add it to the flags passed to the compiler
+
+      LDFLAGS
+          If this string is accepted by the linker, add it to the flags passed to the linker
+
+      LIBS
+          Add this string to the flags passed to the linker
+HELP
 
 #
-# functions
+#  utility functions
 #
+def config_clean?
+  enable_config("clean", true)
+end
+
+def config_static?
+  default_static = !truffle?
+  enable_config("static", default_static)
+end
+
+def config_cross_build?
+  enable_config("cross-build")
+end
+
+def config_system_libraries?
+  enable_config("system-libraries", ENV.key?("NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES")) do |_, default|
+    arg_config("--use-system-libraries", default)
+  end
+end
+
 def windows?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /mingw32|mswin/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].match?(/mingw|mswin/)
 end
 
 def solaris?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /solaris/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("solaris")
 end
 
 def darwin?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /darwin/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("darwin")
 end
 
 def openbsd?
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os'] =~ /openbsd/
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("openbsd")
 end
 
-def nix?
-  ! (windows? || solaris? || darwin?)
+def aix?
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["target_os"].include?("aix")
 end
 
-def sh_export_path path
-  # because libxslt 1.1.29 configure.in uses AC_PATH_TOOL which treats ":"
-  # as a $PATH separator, we need to convert windows paths from
-  #
-  #   C:/path/to/foo
-  #
-  # to
-  #
-  #   /C/path/to/foo
-  #
-  # which is sh-compatible, in order to find things properly during
-  # configuration
-  if windows?
-    match = Regexp.new("^([A-Z]):(/.*)").match(path)
-    if match && match.length == 3
-      return File.join("/", match[1], match[2])
-    end
-  end
-  path
+def nix?
+  !(windows? || solaris? || darwin?)
 end
 
-def do_help
-  print <<HELP
-usage: ruby #{$0} [options]
-
-    --disable-clean
-        Do not clean out intermediate files after successful build.
-
-    --disable-static
-        Do not statically link bundled libraries.
-
-    --with-iconv-dir=DIR
-        Use the iconv library placed under DIR.
+def truffle?
+  RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby"
+end
 
-    --with-zlib-dir=DIR
-        Use the zlib library placed under DIR.
+def concat_flags(*args)
+  args.compact.join(" ")
+end
 
-    --use-system-libraries
-        Use system libraries instead of building and using the bundled
-        libraries.
+def local_have_library(lib, func = nil, headers = nil)
+  have_library(lib, func, headers) || have_library("lib#{lib}", func, headers)
+end
 
-    --with-xml2-dir=DIR / --with-xml2-config=CONFIG
-    --with-xslt-dir=DIR / --with-xslt-config=CONFIG
-    --with-exslt-dir=DIR / --with-exslt-config=CONFIG
-        Use libxml2/libxslt/libexslt as specified.
+def zlib_source(version_string)
+  # As of 2022-12, I'm starting to see failed downloads often enough from zlib.net that I want to
+  # change the default to github.
+  if ENV["NOKOGIRI_USE_CANONICAL_ZLIB_SOURCE"]
+    "https://zlib.net/fossils/zlib-#{version_string}.tar.gz"
+  else
+    "https://github.com/madler/zlib/releases/download/v#{version_string}/zlib-#{version_string}.tar.gz"
+  end
+end
 
-    --enable-cross-build
-        Do cross-build.
-HELP
-  exit! 0
+def gnome_source
+  # As of 2022-02-20, some mirrors have expired SSL certificates. I'm able to retrieve from my home,
+  # but whatever host is resolved on the github actions workers see an expired cert.
+  #
+  # See https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/runs/5266206403?check_suite_focus=true
+  if ENV["NOKOGIRI_USE_CANONICAL_GNOME_SOURCE"]
+    "https://download.gnome.org"
+  else
+    "https://muug.ca/mirror/gnome" # old reliable
+  end
 end
 
-def do_clean
-  require 'pathname'
-  require 'fileutils'
+LOCAL_PACKAGE_RESPONSE = Object.new
+def LOCAL_PACKAGE_RESPONSE.%(package)
+  package ? "yes: #{package}" : "no"
+end
 
-  root = Pathname(ROOT)
-  pwd  = Pathname(Dir.pwd)
+# wrapper around MakeMakefil#pkg_config and the PKGConfig gem
+def try_package_configuration(pc)
+  unless ENV.key?("NOKOGIRI_TEST_PKG_CONFIG_GEM")
+    # try MakeMakefile#pkg_config, which uses the system utility `pkg-config`.
+    return if checking_for("#{pc} using `pkg_config`", LOCAL_PACKAGE_RESPONSE) do
+      pkg_config(pc)
+    end
+  end
 
-  # Skip if this is a development work tree
-  unless (root + '.git').exist?
-    message "Cleaning files only used during build.\n"
+  # `pkg-config` probably isn't installed, which appears to be the case for lots of freebsd systems.
+  # let's fall back to the pkg-config gem, which knows how to parse .pc files, and wrap it with the
+  # same logic as MakeMakefile#pkg_config
+  begin
+    require "rubygems"
+    gem("pkg-config", REQUIRED_PKG_CONFIG_VERSION)
+    require "pkg-config"
 
-    # (root + 'tmp') cannot be removed at this stage because
-    # nokogiri.so is yet to be copied to lib.
+    checking_for("#{pc} using pkg-config gem version #{PKGConfig::VERSION}", LOCAL_PACKAGE_RESPONSE) do
+      if PKGConfig.have_package(pc)
+        cflags  = PKGConfig.cflags(pc)
+        ldflags = PKGConfig.libs_only_L(pc)
+        libs    = PKGConfig.libs_only_l(pc)
 
-    # clean the ports build directory
-    Pathname.glob(pwd.join('tmp', '*', 'ports')) do |dir|
-      FileUtils.rm_rf(dir, verbose: true)
-    end
+        Logging.message("pkg-config gem found package configuration for %s\n", pc)
+        Logging.message("cflags: %s\nldflags: %s\nlibs: %s\n\n", cflags, ldflags, libs)
 
-    if enable_config('static')
-      # ports installation can be safely removed if statically linked.
-      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + 'ports', verbose: true)
-    else
-      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + 'ports' + 'archives', verbose: true)
+        [cflags, ldflags, libs]
+      end
     end
+  rescue LoadError
+    message("Please install either the `pkg-config` utility or the `pkg-config` rubygem.\n")
   end
-
-  exit! 0
 end
 
-def package_config pkg, options={}
-  package = pkg_config(pkg)
-  return package if package
-
-  begin
-    require 'rubygems'
-    gem 'pkg-config', (gem_ver='~> 1.1')
-    require 'pkg-config' and message("Using pkg-config gem version #{PKGConfig::VERSION}\n")
-  rescue LoadError
-    message "pkg-config could not be used to find #{pkg}\nPlease install either `pkg-config` or the pkg-config gem per\n\n    gem install pkg-config -v #{gem_ver.inspect}\n\n"
-  else
-    return nil unless PKGConfig.have_package(pkg)
+# set up mkmf to link against the library if we can find it
+def have_package_configuration(opt: nil, pc: nil, lib:, func:, headers:)
+  if opt
+    dir_config(opt)
+    dir_config("opt")
+  end
 
-    cflags  = PKGConfig.cflags(pkg)
-    ldflags = PKGConfig.libs_only_L(pkg)
-    libs    = PKGConfig.libs_only_l(pkg)
+  # see if we have enough path info to do this without trying any harder
+  unless ENV.key?("NOKOGIRI_TEST_PKG_CONFIG")
+    return true if local_have_library(lib, func, headers)
+  end
 
-    Logging::message "PKGConfig package configuration for %s\n", pkg
-    Logging::message "cflags: %s\nldflags: %s\nlibs: %s\n\n", cflags, ldflags, libs
+  try_package_configuration(pc) if pc
 
-    [cflags, ldflags, libs]
-  end
+  # verify that we can compile and link against the library
+  local_have_library(lib, func, headers)
 end
 
-def nokogiri_try_compile
-  try_compile "int main() {return 0;}", "", {werror: true}
+def ensure_package_configuration(opt: nil, pc: nil, lib:, func:, headers:)
+  have_package_configuration(opt: opt, pc: pc, lib: lib, func: func, headers: headers) ||
+    abort_could_not_find_library(lib)
 end
 
-def check_libxml_version version=nil
-  source = if version.nil?
-             <<-SRC
-#include <libxml/xmlversion.h>
-             SRC
-           else
-             version_int = sprintf "%d%2.2d%2.2d", *(version.split("."))
-             <<-SRC
-#include <libxml/xmlversion.h>
-#if LIBXML_VERSION < #{version_int}
-#error libxml2 is older than #{version}
-#endif
-             SRC
-           end
-
-  try_cpp source
-end
-
-def add_cflags(flags)
-  print "checking if the C compiler accepts #{flags}... "
-  with_cflags("#{$CFLAGS} #{flags}") do
-    if nokogiri_try_compile
-      puts 'yes'
-      true
-    else
-      puts 'no'
-      false
-    end
-  end
+def ensure_func(func, headers = nil)
+  have_func(func, headers) || abort_could_not_find_library(func)
 end
 
 def preserving_globals
-  values = [
-    $arg_config,
-    $CFLAGS, $CPPFLAGS,
-    $LDFLAGS, $LIBPATH, $libs
-  ].map(&:dup)
+  values = [$arg_config, $INCFLAGS, $CFLAGS, $CPPFLAGS, $LDFLAGS, $DLDFLAGS, $LIBPATH, $libs].map(&:dup)
   yield
 ensure
-  $arg_config,
-  $CFLAGS, $CPPFLAGS,
-  $LDFLAGS, $LIBPATH, $libs =
-    values
+  $arg_config, $INCFLAGS, $CFLAGS, $CPPFLAGS, $LDFLAGS, $DLDFLAGS, $LIBPATH, $libs = values
+end
+
+def abort_could_not_find_library(lib)
+  callers = caller(1..2).join("\n")
+  abort("-----\n#{callers}\n#{lib} is missing. Please locate mkmf.log to investigate how it is failing.\n-----")
+end
+
+def chdir_for_build(&block)
+  # When using rake-compiler-dock on Windows, the underlying Virtualbox shared
+  # folders don't support symlinks, but libiconv expects it for a build on
+  # Linux. We work around this limitation by using the temp dir for cooking.
+  build_dir = /mingw|mswin|cygwin/.match?(ENV["RCD_HOST_RUBY_PLATFORM"].to_s) ? "/tmp" : "."
+  Dir.chdir(build_dir, &block)
+end
+
+def sh_export_path(path)
+  # because libxslt 1.1.29 configure.in uses AC_PATH_TOOL which treats ":"
+  # as a $PATH separator, we need to convert windows paths from
+  #
+  #   C:/path/to/foo
+  #
+  # to
+  #
+  #   /C/path/to/foo
+  #
+  # which is sh-compatible, in order to find things properly during
+  # configuration
+  return path unless windows?
+
+  match = Regexp.new("^([A-Z]):(/.*)").match(path)
+  if match && match.length == 3
+    return File.join("/", match[1], match[2])
+  end
+
+  path
+end
+
+def libflag_to_filename(ldflag)
+  case ldflag
+  when /\A-l(.+)/
+    "lib#{Regexp.last_match(1)}.#{$LIBEXT}"
+  end
 end
 
-def asplode(lib)
-  abort "-----\n#{lib} is missing.  Please locate mkmf.log to investigate how it is failing.\n-----"
+def have_libxml_headers?(version = nil)
+  source = if version.nil?
+    <<~SRC
+      #include <libxml/xmlversion.h>
+    SRC
+  else
+    version_int = format("%d%2.2d%2.2d", *version.split("."))
+    <<~SRC
+      #include <libxml/xmlversion.h>
+      #if LIBXML_VERSION < #{version_int}
+      #  error libxml2 is older than #{version}
+      #endif
+    SRC
+  end
+
+  try_cpp(source)
 end
 
-def have_iconv?(using = nil)
-  checking_for(using ? "iconv using #{using}" : 'iconv') do
-    ['', '-liconv'].any? do |opt|
+def try_link_iconv(using = nil)
+  checking_for(using ? "iconv using #{using}" : "iconv") do
+    ["", "-liconv"].any? do |opt|
       preserving_globals do
         yield if block_given?
 
-        try_link(<<-'SRC', opt)
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <iconv.h>
-
-int main(void)
-{
-    iconv_t cd = iconv_open("", "");
-    iconv(cd, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}
+        try_link(<<~SRC, opt)
+          #include <stdlib.h>
+          #include <iconv.h>
+          int main(void)
+          {
+              iconv_t cd = iconv_open("", "");
+              iconv(cd, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+              return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+          }
         SRC
       end
     end
@@ -210,67 +388,70 @@ int main(void)
 end
 
 def iconv_configure_flags
-  # If --with-iconv-dir or --with-opt-dir is given, it should be
-  # the first priority
-  %w[iconv opt].each do |name|
-    if (config = preserving_globals { dir_config(name) }).any? &&
-        have_iconv?("--with-#{name}-* flags") { dir_config(name) }
-      idirs, ldirs = config.map do |dirs|
-        Array(dirs).flat_map do |dir|
-          dir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
-        end if dirs
-      end
-
-      return [
-        '--with-iconv=yes',
-        *("CPPFLAGS=#{idirs.map { |dir| '-I' + dir }.join(' ')}" if idirs),
-        *("LDFLAGS=#{ldirs.map { |dir| '-L' + dir }.join(' ')}" if ldirs),
-      ]
+  # give --with-iconv-dir and --with-opt-dir first priority
+  ["iconv", "opt"].each do |target|
+    config = preserving_globals { dir_config(target) }
+    next unless config.any? && try_link_iconv("--with-#{target}-* flags") { dir_config(target) }
+
+    idirs, ldirs = config.map do |dirs|
+      Array(dirs).flat_map do |dir|
+        dir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
+      end if dirs
     end
+
+    return [
+      "--with-iconv=yes",
+      *("CPPFLAGS=#{idirs.map { |dir| "-I" + dir }.join(" ")}" if idirs),
+      *("LDFLAGS=#{ldirs.map { |dir| "-L" + dir }.join(" ")}" if ldirs),
+    ]
   end
 
-  if have_iconv?
-    return ['--with-iconv=yes']
+  if try_link_iconv
+    return ["--with-iconv=yes"]
   end
 
-  if (config = preserving_globals { package_config('libiconv') }) &&
-     have_iconv?('pkg-config libiconv') { package_config('libiconv') }
+  config = preserving_globals { pkg_config("libiconv") }
+  if config && try_link_iconv("pkg-config libiconv") { pkg_config("libiconv") }
     cflags, ldflags, libs = config
 
     return [
-      '--with-iconv=yes',
+      "--with-iconv=yes",
       "CPPFLAGS=#{cflags}",
       "LDFLAGS=#{ldflags}",
       "LIBS=#{libs}",
     ]
   end
 
-  asplode "libiconv"
+  abort_could_not_find_library("libiconv")
 end
 
-# When using rake-compiler-dock on Windows, the underlying Virtualbox shared
-# folders don't support symlinks, but libiconv expects it for a build on
-# Linux. We work around this limitation by using the temp dir for cooking.
-def chdir_for_build
-  build_dir = ENV['RCD_HOST_RUBY_PLATFORM'].to_s =~ /mingw|mswin|cygwin/ ? '/tmp' : '.'
-  Dir.chdir(build_dir) do
-    yield
+def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p, cacheable_p = true)
+  require "rubygems"
+  gem("mini_portile2", REQUIRED_MINI_PORTILE_VERSION) # gemspec is not respected at install time
+  require "mini_portile2"
+  message("Using mini_portile version #{MiniPortile::VERSION}\n")
+
+  unless ["libxml2", "libxslt"].include?(name)
+    OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS[name] = version
   end
-end
 
-def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
   MiniPortile.new(name, version).tap do |recipe|
-    recipe.target = File.join(ROOT, "ports")
-    # Prefer host_alias over host in order to use i586-mingw32msvc as
-    # correct compiler prefix for cross build, but use host if not set.
+    def recipe.port_path
+      "#{@target}/#{RUBY_PLATFORM}/#{@name}/#{@version}"
+    end
+
+    # We use 'host' to set compiler prefix for cross-compiling. Prefer host_alias over host. And
+    # prefer i686 (what external dev tools use) to i386 (what ruby's configure.ac emits).
     recipe.host = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_alias"].empty? ? RbConfig::CONFIG["host"] : RbConfig::CONFIG["host_alias"]
-    recipe.patch_files = Dir[File.join(ROOT, "patches", name, "*.patch")].sort
+    recipe.host = recipe.host.gsub(/i386/, "i686")
+
+    recipe.target = File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "ports") if cacheable_p
     recipe.configure_options << "--libdir=#{File.join(recipe.path, "lib")}"
 
     yield recipe
 
     env = Hash.new do |hash, key|
-      hash[key] = "#{ENV[key]}"  # (ENV[key].dup rescue '')
+      hash[key] = (ENV[key]).to_s
     end
 
     recipe.configure_options.flatten!
@@ -278,7 +459,11 @@ def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
     recipe.configure_options.delete_if do |option|
       case option
       when /\A(\w+)=(.*)\z/
-        env[$1] = $2
+        env[Regexp.last_match(1)] = if env.key?(Regexp.last_match(1))
+          concat_flags(env[Regexp.last_match(1)], Regexp.last_match(2))
+        else
+          Regexp.last_match(2)
+        end
         true
       else
         false
@@ -290,7 +475,7 @@ def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
         "--disable-shared",
         "--enable-static",
       ]
-      env['CFLAGS'] = "-fPIC #{env['CFLAGS']}"
+      env["CFLAGS"] = concat_flags(env["CFLAGS"], "-fPIC")
     else
       recipe.configure_options += [
         "--enable-shared",
@@ -305,378 +490,639 @@ def process_recipe(name, version, static_p, cross_p)
       ]
     end
 
-    if RbConfig::CONFIG['target_cpu'] == 'universal'
-      %w[CFLAGS LDFLAGS].each do |key|
-        unless env[key].include?('-arch')
-          env[key] += ' ' + RbConfig::CONFIG['ARCH_FLAG']
+    if RbConfig::CONFIG["target_cpu"] == "universal"
+      ["CFLAGS", "LDFLAGS"].each do |key|
+        unless env[key].include?("-arch")
+          env[key] = concat_flags(env[key], RbConfig::CONFIG["ARCH_FLAG"])
         end
       end
     end
 
     recipe.configure_options += env.map do |key, value|
-      "#{key}=#{value}"
+      "#{key}=#{value.strip}"
     end
 
-    message <<-"EOS"
-************************************************************************
-IMPORTANT NOTICE:
-
-Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of #{name}-#{version}#{'.' if recipe.patch_files.empty?}
-    EOS
+    checkpoint = "#{recipe.target}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}-#{RUBY_PLATFORM}.installed"
+    if File.exist?(checkpoint) && !recipe.source_directory
+      message("Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of #{name}-#{version}.\n")
+    else
+      message(<<~EOM)
+        ---------- IMPORTANT NOTICE ----------
+        Building Nokogiri with a packaged version of #{name}-#{version}.
+        Configuration options: #{recipe.configure_options.shelljoin}
+      EOM
 
-    unless recipe.patch_files.empty?
-      message "with the following patches applied:\n"
+      unless recipe.patch_files.empty?
+        message("The following patches are being applied:\n")
 
-      recipe.patch_files.each do |patch|
-        message "\t- %s\n" % File.basename(patch)
+        recipe.patch_files.each do |patch|
+          message(format("  - %s\n", File.basename(patch)))
+        end
       end
-    end
-
-    message <<-"EOS"
 
-Team Nokogiri will keep on doing their best to provide security
-updates in a timely manner, but if this is a concern for you and want
-to use the system library instead; abort this installation process and
-reinstall nokogiri as follows:
+      message(<<~EOM) if name != "libgumbo"
 
-    gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries
-        [--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config]
-        [--with-xslt-config=/path/to/xslt-config]
+        The Nokogiri maintainers intend to provide timely security updates, but if
+        this is a concern for you and want to use your OS/distro system library
+        instead, then abort this installation process and install nokogiri as
+        instructed at:
 
-If you are using Bundler, tell it to use the option:
+          https://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html#installing-using-standard-system-libraries
 
-    bundle config build.nokogiri --use-system-libraries
-    bundle install
-    EOS
+      EOM
 
-    message <<-"EOS" if name == 'libxml2'
+      message(<<~EOM) if name == "libxml2"
+        Note, however, that nokogiri cannot guarantee compatibility with every
+        version of libxml2 that may be provided by OS/package vendors.
 
-Note, however, that nokogiri is not fully compatible with arbitrary
-versions of libxml2 provided by OS/package vendors.
-    EOS
+      EOM
 
-    message <<-"EOS"
-************************************************************************
-    EOS
-
-    checkpoint = "#{recipe.target}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}-#{recipe.host}.installed"
-    unless File.exist?(checkpoint)
-      chdir_for_build do
-        recipe.cook
-      end
-      FileUtils.touch checkpoint
+      chdir_for_build { recipe.cook }
+      FileUtils.touch(checkpoint)
     end
     recipe.activate
   end
 end
 
-def lib_a(ldflag)
-  case ldflag
-  when /\A-l(.+)/
-    "lib#{$1}.#{$LIBEXT}"
+def copy_packaged_libraries_headers(to_path:, from_recipes:)
+  FileUtils.rm_rf(to_path, secure: true)
+  FileUtils.mkdir(to_path)
+  from_recipes.each do |recipe|
+    FileUtils.cp_r(Dir[File.join(recipe.path, "include/*")], to_path)
   end
 end
 
-def using_system_libraries?
-  arg_config('--use-system-libraries', !!ENV['NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES'])
+def do_help
+  print(NOKOGIRI_HELP_MESSAGE)
+  exit!(0)
+end
+
+def do_clean
+  root = Pathname(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR)
+  pwd  = Pathname(Dir.pwd)
+
+  # Skip if this is a development work tree
+  unless (root + ".git").exist?
+    message("Cleaning files only used during build.\n")
+
+    # (root + 'tmp') cannot be removed at this stage because
+    # nokogiri.so is yet to be copied to lib.
+
+    # clean the ports build directory
+    Pathname.glob(pwd.join("tmp", "*", "ports")) do |dir|
+      FileUtils.rm_rf(dir, verbose: true)
+    end
+
+    if config_static?
+      # ports installation can be safely removed if statically linked.
+      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + "ports", verbose: true)
+    else
+      FileUtils.rm_rf(root + "ports" + "archives", verbose: true)
+    end
+  end
+
+  exit!(0)
 end
 
+# In ruby 3.2, symbol resolution changed on Darwin, to introduce the `-bundle_loader` flag to
+# resolve symbols against the ruby binary.
 #
-# main
+# This makes it challenging to build a single extension that works with both a ruby with
+# `--enable-shared` and one with `--disable-shared. To work around that, we choose to add
+# `-flat_namespace` to the link line (later in this file).
 #
-
-case
-when arg_config('--help')
-  do_help
-when arg_config('--clean')
-  do_clean
+# The `-flat_namespace` line introduces its own behavior change, which is that (similar to on
+# Linux), any symbols in the extension that are exported may now be resolved by shared libraries
+# loaded by the Ruby process. Specifically, that means that libxml2 and libxslt, which are
+# statically linked into the nokogiri bundle, will resolve (at runtime) to a system libxml2 loaded
+# by Ruby on Darwin. And it appears that often Ruby on Darwin does indeed load the system libxml2,
+# and that messes with our assumptions about whether we're running with a patched libxml2 or a
+# vanilla libxml2.
+#
+# We choose to use `-load_hidden` in this case to prevent exporting those symbols from libxml2 and
+# libxslt, which ensures that they will be resolved to the static libraries in the bundle. In other
+# words, when we use `load_hidden`, what happens in the extension stays in the extension.
+#
+# See https://github.com/rake-compiler/rake-compiler-dock/issues/87 for more info.
+#
+# Anyway, this method is the logical bit to tell us when to turn on these workarounds.
+def needs_darwin_linker_hack
+  config_cross_build? &&
+    darwin? &&
+    Gem::Requirement.new("~> 3.2").satisfied_by?(Gem::Version.new(RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_version"].split("+").first))
 end
 
-if openbsd? && !using_system_libraries?
-  if `#{ENV['CC'] || '/usr/bin/cc'} -v 2>&1` !~ /clang/
-    ENV['CC'] ||= find_executable('egcc') or
-      abort "Please install gcc 4.9+ from ports using `pkg_add -v gcc`"
+#
+#  main
+#
+do_help if arg_config("--help")
+do_clean if arg_config("--clean")
+
+if openbsd? && !config_system_libraries?
+  unless %x(#{ENV["CC"] || "/usr/bin/cc"} -v 2>&1).include?("clang")
+    (ENV["CC"] ||= find_executable("egcc")) ||
+      abort("Please install gcc 4.9+ from ports using `pkg_add -v gcc`")
   end
-  ENV['CFLAGS'] = "#{ENV['CFLAGS']} -I /usr/local/include"
+  append_cppflags "-I/usr/local/include"
 end
 
-if ENV['CC']
-  RbConfig::CONFIG['CC'] = RbConfig::MAKEFILE_CONFIG['CC'] = ENV['CC']
+if ENV["CC"]
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["CC"] = RbConfig::MAKEFILE_CONFIG["CC"] = ENV["CC"]
 end
+
 # use same c compiler for libxml and libxslt
-ENV['CC'] = RbConfig::CONFIG['CC']
+ENV["CC"] = RbConfig::CONFIG["CC"]
+
+if arg_config("--prevent-strip")
+  old_cflags = $CFLAGS.split.join(" ")
+  old_ldflags = $LDFLAGS.split.join(" ")
+  old_dldflags = $DLDFLAGS.split.join(" ")
+  $CFLAGS = $CFLAGS.split.reject { |flag| flag == "-s" }.join(" ")
+  $LDFLAGS = $LDFLAGS.split.reject { |flag| flag == "-s" }.join(" ")
+  $DLDFLAGS = $DLDFLAGS.split.reject { |flag| flag == "-s" }.join(" ")
+  puts "Prevent stripping by removing '-s' from $CFLAGS" if old_cflags != $CFLAGS
+  puts "Prevent stripping by removing '-s' from $LDFLAGS" if old_ldflags != $LDFLAGS
+  puts "Prevent stripping by removing '-s' from $DLDFLAGS" if old_dldflags != $DLDFLAGS
+end
 
-$LIBS << " #{ENV["LIBS"]}"
+# adopt environment config
+append_cflags(ENV["CFLAGS"].split) unless ENV["CFLAGS"].nil?
+append_cppflags(ENV["CPPFLAGS"].split) unless ENV["CPPFLAGS"].nil?
+append_ldflags(ENV["LDFLAGS"].split) unless ENV["LDFLAGS"].nil?
+$LIBS = concat_flags($LIBS, ENV["LIBS"])
 
-# Read CFLAGS from ENV and make sure compiling works.
-add_cflags(ENV["CFLAGS"])
+# nokogumbo code uses C90/C99 features, let's make sure older compilers won't give
+# errors/warnings. see #2302
+append_cflags(["-std=c99", "-Wno-declaration-after-statement"])
 
-if windows?
-  $CFLAGS << " -DXP_WIN -DXP_WIN32 -DUSE_INCLUDED_VASPRINTF"
-end
+# gumbo html5 serialization is slower with O3, let's make sure we use O2
+append_cflags("-O2")
 
-if solaris?
-  $CFLAGS << " -DUSE_INCLUDED_VASPRINTF"
-end
+# always include debugging information
+append_cflags("-g")
 
-if darwin?
-  # Let Apple LLVM/clang 5.1 ignore unknown compiler flags
-  add_cflags("-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future")
-end
+# we use at least one inline function in the C extension
+append_cflags("-Winline")
 
-if nix?
-  $CFLAGS << " -g -DXP_UNIX"
-end
+# good to have no matter what Ruby was compiled with
+append_cflags("-Wmissing-noreturn")
 
-if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mingw/i
-  # Work around a character escaping bug in MSYS by passing an arbitrary
-  # double quoted parameter to gcc. See https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw/bugs/2142
-  $CPPFLAGS << ' "-Idummypath"'
+# check integer loss of precision
+if darwin?
+  append_cflags("-Wshorten-64-to-32")
+else
+  append_cflags("-Wconversion -Wno-sign-conversion")
 end
 
-if RbConfig::CONFIG['CC'] =~ /gcc/
-  $CFLAGS << " -O3" unless $CFLAGS[/-O\d/]
-  $CFLAGS << " -Wall -Wcast-qual -Wwrite-strings -Wmissing-noreturn -Winline"
+# handle clang variations, see #1101
+if darwin?
+  append_cflags("-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future")
+  append_cflags("-Wno-unknown-warning-option")
 end
 
-case
-when using_system_libraries?
-  message "Building nokogiri using system libraries.\n"
-
-  dir_config('zlib')
+# these tend to be noisy, but on occasion useful during development
+# append_cflags(["-Wcast-qual", "-Wwrite-strings"])
 
-  # Using system libraries means we rely on the system libxml2 with
-  # regard to the iconv support.
+# Add SDK-specific include path for macOS and brew versions before v2.2.12 (2020-04-08) [#1851, #1801]
+macos_mojave_sdk_include_path = "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/libxml2"
+if config_system_libraries? && darwin? && Dir.exist?(macos_mojave_sdk_include_path)
+  append_cppflags("-I#{macos_mojave_sdk_include_path}")
+end
 
-  dir_config('xml2').any?  or package_config('libxml-2.0')
-  dir_config('xslt').any?  or package_config('libxslt')
-  dir_config('exslt').any? or package_config('libexslt')
+# Work around a character escaping bug in MSYS by passing an arbitrary double-quoted parameter to gcc.
+# See https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw/bugs/2142
+append_cppflags(' "-Idummypath"') if windows?
 
-  check_libxml_version or abort "ERROR: cannot discover where libxml2 is located on your system. please make sure `pkg-config` is installed."
-  check_libxml_version("2.6.21") or abort "ERROR: libxml2 version 2.6.21 or later is required!"
-  check_libxml_version("2.9.3") or warn "WARNING: libxml2 version 2.9.3 or later is highly recommended, but proceeding anyway."
+if config_system_libraries?
+  message "Building nokogiri using system libraries.\n"
+  ensure_package_configuration(
+    opt: "zlib",
+    pc: "zlib",
+    lib: "z",
+    headers: "zlib.h",
+    func: "gzdopen",
+  )
+  ensure_package_configuration(
+    opt: "xml2",
+    pc: "libxml-2.0",
+    lib: "xml2",
+    headers: "libxml/parser.h",
+    func: "xmlParseDoc",
+  )
+  ensure_package_configuration(
+    opt: "xslt",
+    pc: "libxslt",
+    lib: "xslt",
+    headers: "libxslt/xslt.h",
+    func: "xsltParseStylesheetDoc",
+  )
+  ensure_package_configuration(
+    opt: "exslt",
+    pc: "libexslt",
+    lib: "exslt",
+    headers: "libexslt/exslt.h",
+    func: "exsltFuncRegister",
+  )
+
+  have_libxml_headers?(REQUIRED_LIBXML_VERSION) ||
+    abort("ERROR: libxml2 version #{REQUIRED_LIBXML_VERSION} or later is required!")
+  have_libxml_headers?(RECOMMENDED_LIBXML_VERSION) ||
+    warn("WARNING: libxml2 version #{RECOMMENDED_LIBXML_VERSION} or later is highly recommended, but proceeding anyway.")
 
 else
   message "Building nokogiri using packaged libraries.\n"
 
-  # The gem version constraint in the Rakefile is not respected at install time.
-  # Keep this version in sync with the one in the Rakefile !
-  require 'rubygems'
-  gem 'mini_portile2', '~> 2.4.0'
-  require 'mini_portile2'
-  message "Using mini_portile version #{MiniPortile::VERSION}\n"
+  static_p = config_static?
+  message "Static linking is #{static_p ? "enabled" : "disabled"}.\n"
 
-  require 'yaml'
+  cross_build_p = config_cross_build?
+  message "Cross build is #{cross_build_p ? "enabled" : "disabled"}.\n"
 
-  static_p = enable_config('static', true) or
-    message "Static linking is disabled.\n"
+  if needs_darwin_linker_hack
+    append_ldflags("-Wl,-flat_namespace")
+  end
 
-  dir_config('zlib')
+  require "yaml"
+  dependencies = YAML.load_file(File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "dependencies.yml"))
 
-  dependencies = YAML.load_file(File.join(ROOT, "dependencies.yml"))
+  dir_config("zlib")
 
-  cross_build_p = enable_config("cross-build")
   if cross_build_p || windows?
     zlib_recipe = process_recipe("zlib", dependencies["zlib"]["version"], static_p, cross_build_p) do |recipe|
       recipe.files = [{
-          url: "http://zlib.net/fossils/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
-          sha256: dependencies["zlib"]["sha256"]
-        }]
-      class << recipe
-        attr_accessor :cross_build_p
-
-        def configure
-          Dir.chdir work_path do
-            mk = File.read 'win32/Makefile.gcc'
-            File.open 'win32/Makefile.gcc', 'wb' do |f|
-              f.puts "BINARY_PATH = #{path}/bin"
-              f.puts "LIBRARY_PATH = #{path}/lib"
-              f.puts "INCLUDE_PATH = #{path}/include"
-              mk.sub!(/^PREFIX\s*=\s*$/, "PREFIX = #{host}-") if cross_build_p
-              f.puts mk
+        url: zlib_source(recipe.version),
+        sha256: dependencies["zlib"]["sha256"],
+      }]
+      if windows?
+        class << recipe
+          attr_accessor :cross_build_p
+
+          def configure
+            Dir.chdir(work_path) do
+              mk = File.read("win32/Makefile.gcc")
+              File.open("win32/Makefile.gcc", "wb") do |f|
+                f.puts "BINARY_PATH = #{path}/bin"
+                f.puts "LIBRARY_PATH = #{path}/lib"
+                f.puts "INCLUDE_PATH = #{path}/include"
+                mk.sub!(/^PREFIX\s*=\s*$/, "PREFIX = #{host}-") if cross_build_p
+                f.puts mk
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          def configured?
+            Dir.chdir(work_path) do
+              !!(File.read("win32/Makefile.gcc") =~ /^BINARY_PATH/)
             end
           end
-        end
 
-        def configured?
-          Dir.chdir work_path do
-            !! (File.read('win32/Makefile.gcc') =~ /^BINARY_PATH/)
+          def compile
+            execute("compile", "make -f win32/Makefile.gcc")
           end
-        end
 
-        def compile
-          execute "compile", "make -f win32/Makefile.gcc"
+          def install
+            execute("install", "make -f win32/Makefile.gcc install")
+          end
         end
-
-        def install
-          execute "install", "make -f win32/Makefile.gcc install"
+        recipe.cross_build_p = cross_build_p
+      else
+        class << recipe
+          def configure
+            env = {}
+            env["CFLAGS"] = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-fPIC", "-g")
+            env["CHOST"] = host
+            execute("configure", ["./configure", "--static", configure_prefix], { env: env })
+            if darwin?
+              # needed as of zlib 1.2.13
+              Dir.chdir(work_path) do
+                makefile = File.read("Makefile").gsub(/^AR=.*$/, "AR=#{host}-libtool")
+                File.open("Makefile", "w") { |m| m.write(makefile) }
+              end
+            end
+          end
         end
       end
-      recipe.cross_build_p = cross_build_p
     end
 
-    libiconv_recipe = process_recipe("libiconv", dependencies["libiconv"]["version"], static_p, cross_build_p) do |recipe|
-      recipe.files = [{
-          url: "http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
-          sha256: dependencies["libiconv"]["sha256"]
+    unless nix?
+      libiconv_recipe = process_recipe(
+        "libiconv",
+        dependencies["libiconv"]["version"],
+        static_p,
+        cross_build_p,
+      ) do |recipe|
+        recipe.files = [{
+          url: "https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
+          sha256: dependencies["libiconv"]["sha256"],
         }]
-      recipe.configure_options += [
-        "CPPFLAGS=-Wall",
-        "CFLAGS=-O2 -g",
-        "CXXFLAGS=-O2 -g",
-        "LDFLAGS="
-      ]
-    end
-  else
-    if darwin? && !have_header('iconv.h')
-      abort <<'EOM'.chomp
------
-The file "iconv.h" is missing in your build environment,
-which means you haven't installed Xcode Command Line Tools properly.
-
-To install Command Line Tools, try running `xcode-select --install` on
-terminal and follow the instructions.  If it fails, open Xcode.app,
-select from the menu "Xcode" - "Open Developer Tool" - "More Developer
-Tools" to open the developer site, download the installer for your OS
-version and run it.
------
-EOM
+
+        # The libiconv configure script doesn't accept "arm64" host string but "aarch64"
+        recipe.host = recipe.host.gsub("arm64-apple-darwin", "aarch64-apple-darwin")
+
+        cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-O2", "-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE", "-g")
+
+        recipe.configure_options += [
+          "--disable-dependency-tracking",
+          "CPPFLAGS=-Wall",
+          "CFLAGS=#{cflags}",
+          "CXXFLAGS=#{cflags}",
+          "LDFLAGS=",
+        ]
+      end
     end
+  elsif darwin? && !have_header("iconv.h")
+    abort(<<~EOM.chomp)
+      -----
+      The file "iconv.h" is missing in your build environment,
+      which means you haven't installed Xcode Command Line Tools properly.
+
+      To install Command Line Tools, try running `xcode-select --install` on
+      terminal and follow the instructions.  If it fails, open Xcode.app,
+      select from the menu "Xcode" - "Open Developer Tool" - "More Developer
+      Tools" to open the developer site, download the installer for your OS
+      version and run it.
+      -----
+    EOM
+  end
+
+  if zlib_recipe
+    append_cppflags("-I#{zlib_recipe.path}/include")
+    $LIBPATH = ["#{zlib_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH
+    ensure_package_configuration(
+      opt: "zlib",
+      pc: "zlib",
+      lib: "z",
+      headers: "zlib.h",
+      func: "gzdopen",
+    )
   end
 
-  unless windows?
-    preserving_globals {
-      have_library('z', 'gzdopen', 'zlib.h')
-    } or abort 'zlib is missing; necessary for building libxml2'
+  if libiconv_recipe
+    append_cppflags("-I#{libiconv_recipe.path}/include")
+    $LIBPATH = ["#{libiconv_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH
+    ensure_package_configuration(
+      opt: "iconv",
+      pc: "iconv",
+      lib: "iconv",
+      headers: "iconv.h",
+      func: "iconv_open",
+    )
   end
 
   libxml2_recipe = process_recipe("libxml2", dependencies["libxml2"]["version"], static_p, cross_build_p) do |recipe|
-    recipe.files = [{
-        url: "http://xmlsoft.org/sources/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
-        sha256: dependencies["libxml2"]["sha256"]
+    source_dir = arg_config("--with-xml2-source-dir")
+    if source_dir
+      recipe.source_directory = source_dir
+    else
+      minor_version = Gem::Version.new(recipe.version).segments.take(2).join(".")
+      recipe.files = [{
+        url: "#{gnome_source}/sources/libxml2/#{minor_version}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.xz",
+        sha256: dependencies["libxml2"]["sha256"],
       }]
+      recipe.patch_files = Dir[File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "patches", "libxml2", "*.patch")].sort
+    end
+
+    cppflags = concat_flags(ENV["CPPFLAGS"])
+    cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-O2", "-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE", "-g")
+
+    if cross_build_p
+      cppflags = concat_flags(cppflags, "-DNOKOGIRI_PRECOMPILED_LIBRARIES")
+    end
+
+    if zlib_recipe
+      recipe.configure_options << "--with-zlib=#{zlib_recipe.path}"
+    end
+
+    if libiconv_recipe
+      recipe.configure_options << "--with-iconv=#{libiconv_recipe.path}"
+    else
+      recipe.configure_options += iconv_configure_flags
+    end
+
+    if darwin? && !cross_build_p
+      recipe.configure_options += ["RANLIB=/usr/bin/ranlib", "AR=/usr/bin/ar"]
+    end
+
+    if windows?
+      cflags = concat_flags(cflags, "-ULIBXML_STATIC", "-DIN_LIBXML")
+    end
+
+    recipe.configure_options << if source_dir
+      "--config-cache"
+    else
+      "--disable-dependency-tracking"
+    end
+
     recipe.configure_options += [
       "--without-python",
       "--without-readline",
-      *(zlib_recipe ? ["--with-zlib=#{zlib_recipe.path}", "CFLAGS=-I#{zlib_recipe.path}/include"] : []),
-      *(libiconv_recipe ? "--with-iconv=#{libiconv_recipe.path}" : iconv_configure_flags),
       "--with-c14n",
       "--with-debug",
       "--with-threads",
-      *(darwin? ? ["RANLIB=/usr/bin/ranlib", "AR=/usr/bin/ar"] : "")
+      "CPPFLAGS=#{cppflags}",
+      "CFLAGS=#{cflags}",
     ]
   end
 
   libxslt_recipe = process_recipe("libxslt", dependencies["libxslt"]["version"], static_p, cross_build_p) do |recipe|
-    recipe.files = [{
-        url: "http://xmlsoft.org/sources/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.gz",
-        sha256: dependencies["libxslt"]["sha256"]
+    source_dir = arg_config("--with-xslt-source-dir")
+    if source_dir
+      recipe.source_directory = source_dir
+    else
+      minor_version = Gem::Version.new(recipe.version).segments.take(2).join(".")
+      recipe.files = [{
+        url: "#{gnome_source}/sources/libxslt/#{minor_version}/#{recipe.name}-#{recipe.version}.tar.xz",
+        sha256: dependencies["libxslt"]["sha256"],
       }]
+      recipe.patch_files = Dir[File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "patches", "libxslt", "*.patch")].sort
+    end
+
+    cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-O2", "-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE", "-g")
+
+    if darwin? && !cross_build_p
+      recipe.configure_options += ["RANLIB=/usr/bin/ranlib", "AR=/usr/bin/ar"]
+    end
+
+    if windows?
+      cflags = concat_flags(cflags, "-ULIBXSLT_STATIC", "-DIN_LIBXSLT")
+      cflags = concat_flags(cflags, "-ULIBEXSLT_STATIC", "-DIN_LIBEXSLT")
+    end
+
+    recipe.configure_options << if source_dir
+      "--config-cache"
+    else
+      "--disable-dependency-tracking"
+    end
+
     recipe.configure_options += [
       "--without-python",
       "--without-crypto",
       "--with-debug",
       "--with-libxml-prefix=#{sh_export_path(libxml2_recipe.path)}",
-      *(darwin? ? ["RANLIB=/usr/bin/ranlib", "AR=/usr/bin/ar"] : "")
+      "CFLAGS=#{cflags}",
     ]
   end
 
-  $CFLAGS << ' ' << '-DNOKOGIRI_USE_PACKAGED_LIBRARIES'
-  $LIBPATH = ["#{zlib_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH if zlib_recipe
-  $LIBPATH = ["#{libiconv_recipe.path}/lib"] | $LIBPATH if libiconv_recipe
-
-  have_lzma = preserving_globals {
-    have_library('lzma')
-  }
+  append_cppflags("-DNOKOGIRI_PACKAGED_LIBRARIES")
+  append_cppflags("-DNOKOGIRI_PRECOMPILED_LIBRARIES") if cross_build_p
 
   $libs = $libs.shellsplit.tap do |libs|
     [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe].each do |recipe|
       libname = recipe.name[/\Alib(.+)\z/, 1]
-      File.join(recipe.path, "bin", "#{libname}-config").tap do |config|
+      config_basename = "#{libname}-config"
+      File.join(recipe.path, "bin", config_basename).tap do |config|
         # call config scripts explicit with 'sh' for compat with Windows
-        $CPPFLAGS = `sh #{config} --cflags`.strip << ' ' << $CPPFLAGS
-        `sh #{config} --libs`.strip.shellsplit.each do |arg|
+        cflags = %x(sh #{config} --cflags).strip
+        message("#{config_basename} cflags: #{cflags}\n")
+        $CPPFLAGS = concat_flags(cflags, $CPPFLAGS) # prepend
+
+        %x(sh #{config} --libs).strip.shellsplit.each do |arg|
           case arg
           when /\A-L(.+)\z/
             # Prioritize ports' directories
-            if $1.start_with?(ROOT + '/')
-              $LIBPATH = [$1] | $LIBPATH
+            $LIBPATH = if Regexp.last_match(1).start_with?(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR + "/")
+              [Regexp.last_match(1)] | $LIBPATH
             else
-              $LIBPATH = $LIBPATH | [$1]
+              $LIBPATH | [Regexp.last_match(1)]
             end
           when /\A-l./
             libs.unshift(arg)
           else
-            $LDFLAGS << ' ' << arg.shellescape
+            $LDFLAGS << " " << arg.shellescape
           end
         end
       end
 
-      # Defining a macro that expands to a C string; double quotes are significant.
-      $CPPFLAGS << ' ' << "-DNOKOGIRI_#{recipe.name.upcase}_PATH=\"#{recipe.path}\"".inspect
-      $CPPFLAGS << ' ' << "-DNOKOGIRI_#{recipe.name.upcase}_PATCHES=\"#{recipe.patch_files.map { |path| File.basename(path) }.join(' ')}\"".inspect
+      patches_string = recipe.patch_files.map { |path| File.basename(path) }.join(" ")
+      append_cppflags(%[-DNOKOGIRI_#{recipe.name.upcase}_PATCHES="\\"#{patches_string}\\""])
 
       case libname
-      when 'xml2'
+      when "xml2"
         # xslt-config --libs or pkg-config libxslt --libs does not include
         # -llzma, so we need to add it manually when linking statically.
-        if static_p && have_lzma
+        if static_p && preserving_globals { local_have_library("lzma") }
           # Add it at the end; GH #988
-          libs << '-llzma'
+          libs << "-llzma"
         end
-      when 'xslt'
+      when "xslt"
         # xslt-config does not have a flag to emit options including
         # -lexslt, so add it manually.
-        libs.unshift('-lexslt')
+        libs.unshift("-lexslt")
       end
     end
   end.shelljoin
 
   if static_p
+    static_archive_ld_flag = needs_darwin_linker_hack ? ["-load_hidden"] : []
     $libs = $libs.shellsplit.map do |arg|
       case arg
-      when '-lxml2'
-        File.join(libxml2_recipe.path, 'lib', lib_a(arg))
-      when '-lxslt', '-lexslt'
-        File.join(libxslt_recipe.path, 'lib', lib_a(arg))
+      when "-lxml2"
+        static_archive_ld_flag + [File.join(libxml2_recipe.path, "lib", libflag_to_filename(arg))]
+      when "-lxslt", "-lexslt"
+        static_archive_ld_flag + [File.join(libxslt_recipe.path, "lib", libflag_to_filename(arg))]
       else
         arg
       end
-    end.shelljoin
+    end.flatten.shelljoin
   end
-end
 
-{
-  "xml2"  => ['xmlParseDoc',            'libxml/parser.h'],
-  "xslt"  => ['xsltParseStylesheetDoc', 'libxslt/xslt.h'],
-  "exslt" => ['exsltFuncRegister',      'libexslt/exslt.h'],
-}.each do |lib, (func, header)|
-  have_func(func, header) ||
-  have_library(lib, func, header) ||
-  have_library("lib#{lib}", func, header) or
-    asplode("lib#{lib}")
+  ensure_func("xmlParseDoc", "libxml/parser.h")
+  ensure_func("xsltParseStylesheetDoc", "libxslt/xslt.h")
+  ensure_func("exsltFuncRegister", "libexslt/exslt.h")
 end
 
-have_func('xmlHasFeature') or abort "xmlHasFeature() is missing."
-have_func('xmlFirstElementChild')
-have_func('xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors')
-have_func('xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors')
-have_func('xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors')
-have_func('xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors')
-have_func('xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors')
+libgumbo_recipe = process_recipe("libgumbo", "1.0.0-nokogiri", static_p, cross_build_p, false) do |recipe|
+  recipe.configure_options = []
+
+  class << recipe
+    def downloaded?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def extract
+      target = File.join(tmp_path, "gumbo-parser")
+      output("Copying gumbo-parser files into #{target}...")
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p(target)
+      FileUtils.cp(Dir.glob(File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "gumbo-parser/src/*")), target)
+    end
+
+    def configured?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def install
+      lib_dir = File.join(port_path, "lib")
+      inc_dir = File.join(port_path, "include")
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p([lib_dir, inc_dir])
+      FileUtils.cp(File.join(work_path, "libgumbo.a"), lib_dir)
+      FileUtils.cp(Dir.glob(File.join(work_path, "*.h")), inc_dir)
+    end
+
+    def compile
+      cflags = concat_flags(ENV["CFLAGS"], "-fPIC", "-O2", "-g")
+
+      env = { "CC" => gcc_cmd, "CFLAGS" => cflags }
+      if config_cross_build?
+        if host.include?("darwin")
+          env["AR"] = "#{host}-libtool"
+          env["ARFLAGS"] = "-o"
+        else
+          env["AR"] = "#{host}-ar"
+        end
+        env["RANLIB"] = "#{host}-ranlib"
+      end
+
+      execute("compile", make_cmd, { env: env })
+    end
+  end
+end
+append_cppflags("-I#{File.join(libgumbo_recipe.path, "include")}")
+$libs = $libs + " " + File.join(libgumbo_recipe.path, "lib", "libgumbo.a")
+$LIBPATH = $LIBPATH | [File.join(libgumbo_recipe.path, "lib")]
+ensure_func("gumbo_parse_with_options", "nokogiri_gumbo.h")
+
+have_func("xmlHasFeature") || abort("xmlHasFeature() is missing.") # introduced in libxml 2.6.21
+have_func("xmlFirstElementChild") # introduced in libxml 2.7.3
+have_func("xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.24
+have_func("xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.21
+have_func("xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.23
+have_func("xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors") # introduced in libxml 2.6.23
+have_func("rb_gc_location") # introduced in Ruby 2.7
+have_func("rb_category_warning") # introduced in Ruby 3.0
+
+other_library_versions_string = OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS.map { |k, v| [k, v].join(":") }.join(",")
+append_cppflags(%[-DNOKOGIRI_OTHER_LIBRARY_VERSIONS="\\"#{other_library_versions_string}\\""])
+
+unless config_system_libraries?
+  if cross_build_p
+    # When precompiling native gems, copy packaged libraries' headers to ext/nokogiri/include
+    # These are packaged up by the cross-compiling callback in the ExtensionTask
+    copy_packaged_libraries_headers(
+      to_path: File.join(PACKAGE_ROOT_DIR, "ext/nokogiri/include"),
+      from_recipes: [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe],
+    )
+  else
+    # When compiling during installation, install packaged libraries' header files into ext/nokogiri/include
+    copy_packaged_libraries_headers(
+      to_path: "include",
+      from_recipes: [libxml2_recipe, libxslt_recipe],
+    )
+    $INSTALLFILES << ["include/**/*.h", "$(rubylibdir)"]
+  end
+end
 
-create_makefile('nokogiri/nokogiri')
+create_makefile("nokogiri/nokogiri")
 
-if enable_config('clean', true)
+if config_clean?
   # Do not clean if run in a development work tree.
-  File.open('Makefile', 'at') do |mk|
-    mk.print <<EOF
-all: clean-ports
+  File.open("Makefile", "at") do |mk|
+    mk.print(<<~EOF)
 
-clean-ports: $(DLLIB)
-	-$(Q)$(RUBY) $(srcdir)/extconf.rb --clean --#{static_p ? 'enable' : 'disable'}-static
-EOF
+      all: clean-ports
+      clean-ports: $(DLLIB)
+      \t-$(Q)$(RUBY) $(srcdir)/extconf.rb --clean --#{static_p ? "enable" : "disable"}-static
+    EOF
   end
 end
 
-# :startdoc:
+# rubocop:enable Style/GlobalVars