nerve_pharmeasy 0.7.0

checksums.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+SHA1:
+  metadata.gz: 7fa208f63d742675316279d2dada16d3675a2cb8
+  data.tar.gz: d858a5049890b8f90a0e3113f4d2add354777f39
+SHA512:
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data/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+*.gem
+*.rbc
+.bundle
+.config
+.yardoc
+InstalledFiles
+_yardoc
+coverage
+doc/
+lib/bundler/man
+pkg
+rdoc
+spec/reports
+test/tmp
+test/version_tmp
+tmp
+*.sw?
+\#*\#
+.\#*
+vendor
+.vagrant
+.ruby-version

data/.mailmap

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<igor.serebryany@airbedandbreakfast.com> <igor47@moomers.org>
+<martin.rhoads@airbnb.com> <ermal14@gmail.com>

data/.nerve.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+export DATA_BAG_DIR=/Users/martin/Dropbox/airbnb/src/chef/data_bags
+export COOKBOOK_DIR=/Users/martin/Dropbox/airbnb/src/chef/cookbooks

data/.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+language: ruby
+cache: bundler
+sudo: false
+rvm:
+  - 1.9.3
+  - 2.0.0
+  - 2.1.6
+  - 2.2.2

data/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Contributing Guidelines #
+
+Thanks for contributing to SmartStack!
+
+If you are opening a new PR, please ask for a merge into the `master` branch.
+
+## Writing Reporters ##
+Nerve supports *pluggable* reporters, which means that you can easily add
+a reporter by making your own gem that contains your reporter available for
+require at ``nerve/reporter/#{name.downcase}``. If you do this please do
+submit a PR with a link to your gem/repo and we can reference it from the
+README.
+
+In general it is preferred to keep reporters that require specific dependencies
+out of nerve because that way you can select the version of dependencies that
+you need (for example if you have a particular version of the docker api or
+etcd). That being said, if your reporter has no external dependencies
+(e.g. files) or is extremely common (e.g. zookeeper, etcd), we may choose to
+support it in the repo itself.
+
+## Writing Checks ##
+
+We welcome additional service checks into the core of nerve.
+However, your checks must follow a few guidelines or they will not be accepted:
+
+* be sure to respect timeouts; checks that do not time-out will not be accepted
+* do NOT shell out; this becomes very expensive when done frequently
+* use well-tested, stable, core libraries whenever possible

data/Gemfile

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+gemspec

data/Gemfile.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+PATH
+  remote: .
+  specs:
+    nerve (0.7.0)
+      bunny (= 1.1.0)
+      etcd (~> 0.2.3)
+      json
+      zk (~> 1.9.2)
+
+GEM
+  remote: https://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    activesupport (4.2.0)
+      i18n (~> 0.7)
+      json (~> 1.7, >= 1.7.7)
+      minitest (~> 5.1)
+      thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.4)
+      tzinfo (~> 1.1)
+    amq-protocol (1.9.2)
+    bunny (1.1.0)
+      amq-protocol (>= 1.9.2)
+    coderay (1.1.0)
+    diff-lcs (1.2.5)
+    etcd (0.2.4)
+      mixlib-log
+    factory_girl (4.5.0)
+      activesupport (>= 3.0.0)
+    i18n (0.7.0)
+    json (1.8.2)
+    little-plugger (1.1.3)
+    logging (1.8.2)
+      little-plugger (>= 1.1.3)
+      multi_json (>= 1.8.4)
+    method_source (0.8.2)
+    minitest (5.5.1)
+    mixlib-log (1.6.0)
+    multi_json (1.11.2)
+    pry (0.10.1)
+      coderay (~> 1.1.0)
+      method_source (~> 0.8.1)
+      slop (~> 3.4)
+    rake (10.1.1)
+    rspec (3.1.0)
+      rspec-core (~> 3.1.0)
+      rspec-expectations (~> 3.1.0)
+      rspec-mocks (~> 3.1.0)
+    rspec-core (3.1.7)
+      rspec-support (~> 3.1.0)
+    rspec-expectations (3.1.2)
+      diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
+      rspec-support (~> 3.1.0)
+    rspec-mocks (3.1.3)
+      rspec-support (~> 3.1.0)
+    rspec-support (3.1.2)
+    slop (3.6.0)
+    thread_safe (0.3.4)
+    tzinfo (1.2.2)
+      thread_safe (~> 0.1)
+    zk (1.9.5)
+      logging (~> 1.8.2)
+      zookeeper (~> 1.4.0)
+    zookeeper (1.4.10)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  factory_girl
+  nerve!
+  pry
+  rake
+  rspec (~> 3.1.0)
+
+BUNDLED WITH
+   1.10.5

data/LICENSE.txt

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+Copyright (c) 2013 Airbnb, Inc.
+
+MIT License
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.md

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+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/airbnb/nerve.png?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/airbnb/nerve)
+
+# Nerve
+
+Nerve is a utility for tracking the status of machines and services.
+It runs locally on the boxes which make up a distributed system, and reports state information to a distributed key-value store.
+At Airbnb, we use Zookeeper as our key-value store.
+The combination of Nerve and [Synapse](https://github.com/airbnb/synapse) make service discovery in the cloud easy!
+
+## Motivation ##
+
+We already use [Synapse](https://github.com/airbnb/synapse) to discover remote services.
+However, those services needed boilerplate code to register themselves in [Zookeeper](http://zookeeper.apache.org/).
+Nerve simplifies underlying services, enables code reuse, and allows us to create a more composable system.
+It does so by factoring out the boilerplate into it's own application, which independenly handles monitoring and reporting.
+
+Beyond those benefits, nerve also acts as a general watchdog on systems.
+The information it reports can be used to take action from a centralized automation center: action like scaling distributed systems up or down or alerting ops or engineering about downtime.
+
+## Installation ##
+
+To download and run the nerve binary, first install a version of ruby. Then,
+install nerve with:
+
+```bash
+$ mkdir -p /opt/smartstack/nerve
+
+# If you want to install specific versions of dependencies such as an older
+# version of the aws-sdk, the docker-api, etc, gem install that here *before*
+# gem installing nerve. This is also where you would gem install
+# custom reporters.
+
+# If you are on Ruby 2.X use --no-document instead of --no-ri --no-rdoc
+$ gem install nerve --install-dir /opt/smartstack/nerve --no-ri --no-rdoc
+```
+
+This will download nerve and its dependencies into /opt/smartstack/nerve. You
+might wish to omit the `--install-dir` flag to use your system's default gem
+path, however this will require you to run `gem install nerve` with root
+permissions. You can also install via bundler, but keep in mind you'll pick up
+Nerve's version of library dependencies and possibly not the ones you need
+for your infra/apps.
+
+## Configuration ##
+
+Nerve depends on a single configuration file, in json format.
+It is usually called `nerve.conf.json`.
+An example config file is available in `example/nerve.conf.json`.
+The config file is composed of two main sections:
+
+* `instance_id`: the name nerve will submit when registering services; makes debugging easier
+* `heartbeat_path`: a path to a file on disk to touch as nerve makes progress. This allows you to work around https://github.com/zk-ruby/zk/issues/50 by restarting a stuck nerve.
+* `services`: the hash (from service name to config) of the services nerve will be monitoring
+* `service_conf_dir`: path to a directory in which each json file will be interpreted as a service with the basename of the file minus the .json extension
+
+### Services Config ###
+
+Each service that nerve will be monitoring is specified in the `services` hash.
+The key is the name of the service, and the value is a configuration hash telling nerve how to monitor the service.
+The configuration contains the following options:
+
+* `host`: the default host on which to make service checks; you should make this your *public* ip to ensure your service is publically accessible
+* `port`: the default port for service checks; nerve will report the `host`:`port` combo via your chosen reporter
+* `reporter_type`: the mechanism used to report up/down information; depending on the reporter you choose, additional parameters may be required. Defaults to `zookeeper`
+* `check_interval`: the frequency with which service checks will be initiated; defaults to `500ms`
+* `checks`: a list of checks that nerve will perform; if all of the pass, the service will be registered; otherwise, it will be un-registered
+* `weight` (optional): a positive integer weight value which can be used to affect the haproxy backend weighting in synapse.
+* `haproxy_server_options` (optional): a string containing any special haproxy server options for this service instance. For example if you wanted to set a service instance as a backup.
+* `labels` (optional): an object containing user-defined key-value pairs that describe this service instance. For example, you could label service instances with datacenter information.
+
+#### Zookeeper Reporter ####
+
+If you set your `reporter_type` to `"zookeeper"` you should also set these parameters:
+
+* `zk_hosts`: a list of the zookeeper hosts comprising the [ensemble](https://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.1.2/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_zkMulitServerSetup) that nerve will submit registration to
+* `zk_path`: the path (or [znode](https://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.1.2/zookeeperProgrammers.html#sc_zkDataModel_znodes)) where the registration will be created; nerve will create the [ephemeral node](https://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.1.2/zookeeperProgrammers.html#Ephemeral+Nodes) that is the registration as a child of this path
+
+#### Etcd Reporter ####
+
+Note: Etcd support is currently experimental! 
+
+If you set your `reporter_type` to `"etcd"` you should also set these parameters:
+
+* `etcd_host`: etcd host that nerve will submit registration to
+* `etcd_port`: port to connect to etcd.
+* `etcd_path`: the path where the registration will be created; nerve will create a node with a 30s ttl that is the registration as a child of this path, and then update it every few seconds
+
+### Checks ###
+
+The core of nerve is a set of service checks.
+Each service can define a number of checks, and all of them must pass for the service to be registered.
+Although the exact parameters passed to each check are different, all take a number of common arguments:
+
+* `type`: (required) the kind of check; you can see available check types in the `lib/nerve/service_watcher` dir of this repo
+* `name`: (optional) a descriptive, human-readable name for the check; it will be auto-generated based on the other parameters if not specified
+* `host`: (optional) the host on which the check will be performed; defaults to the `host` of the service to which the check belongs
+* `port`: (optional) the port on which the check will be performed; like `host`, it defaults to the `port` of the service
+* `timeout`: (optional) maximum time the check can take; defaults to `100ms`
+* `rise`: (optional) how many consecutive checks must pass before the check is considered passing; defaults to 1
+* `fall`: (optional) how many consecutive checks must fail before the check is considered failing; defaults to 1
+
+#### Custom External Checks ####
+
+If you would like to run a custom check but don't feel like trying to get it merged into this project, there is a mechanism for including external checks thanks to @bakins (airbnb/nerve#36).
+Build your custom check as a separate gem and make sure to `bundle install` it on your system.
+
+Ideally, you should name your gem `"nerve-watcher-#{type}"`, as that is what nerve will `require` on boot.
+However, if you have a custom name for your gem, you can specify that in the `module` argument to the check.
+
+## Contributing
+
+1. Fork it
+2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
+4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+5. Create new Pull Request

data/Rakefile

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+require "bundler/gem_tasks"
+require 'rspec/core/rake_task'
+
+RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec)
+
+task :test => :spec
+task :default => :spec

data/Vagrantfile

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+# -*- mode: ruby -*-
+# vi: set ft=ruby :
+
+unless ENV['COOKBOOK_DIR'] and ENV['DATA_BAG_DIR']
+  STDERR.puts "you need to set COOKBOOK_DIR and DATA_BAG_DIR as environment variables"
+  Kernel.exit 1
+end
+
+this_dir = File.dirname(File.expand_path __FILE__)
+
+STDERR.puts "mounting #{this_dir} as /root/this_dir"
+
+Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
+  # All Vagrant configuration is done here. The most common configuration
+  # options are documented and commented below. For a complete reference,
+  # please see the online documentation at vagrantup.com.
+
+  # Every Vagrant virtual environment requires a box to build off of.
+  config.vm.box = "precise64"
+
+  # The url from where the 'config.vm.box' box will be fetched if it
+  # doesn't already exist on the user's system.
+  # config.vm.box_url = "http://domain.com/path/to/above.box"
+
+  config.vm.box_url = 'http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box'
+
+  # Boot with a GUI so you can see the screen. (Default is headless)
+  # config.vm.boot_mode = :gui
+
+  # Assign this VM to a host-only network IP, allowing you to access it
+  # via the IP. Host-only networks can talk to the host machine as well as
+  # any other machines on the same network, but cannot be accessed (through this
+  # network interface) by any external networks.
+  # config.vm.network :hostonly, "192.168.33.10"
+
+  # Assign this VM to a bridged network, allowing you to connect directly to a
+  # network using the host's network device. This makes the VM appear as another
+  # physical device on your network.
+  # config.vm.network :bridged
+
+  # Forward a port from the guest to the host, which allows for outside
+  # computers to access the VM, whereas host only networking does not.
+  # config.vm.forward_port 80, 8080
+
+  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
+  # an identifier, the second is the path on the guest to mount the
+  # folder, and the third is the path on the host to the actual folder.
+  # config.vm.share_folder "v-data", "/vagrant_data", "../data"
+
+  config.vm.share_folder 'this_dir', '/this_dir', this_dir
+
+  # Enable provisioning with Puppet stand alone.  Puppet manifests
+  # are contained in a directory path relative to this Vagrantfile.
+  # You will need to create the manifests directory and a manifest in
+  # the file base.pp in the manifests_path directory.
+  #
+  # An example Puppet manifest to provision the message of the day:
+  #
+  # # group { "puppet":
+  # #   ensure => "present",
+  # # }
+  # #
+  # # File { owner => 0, group => 0, mode => 0644 }
+  # #
+  # # file { '/etc/motd':
+  # #   content => "Welcome to your Vagrant-built virtual machine!
+  # #               Managed by Puppet.\n"
+  # # }
+  #
+  # config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet|
+  #   puppet.manifests_path = "manifests"
+  #   puppet.manifest_file  = "base.pp"
+  # end
+
+  # Enable provisioning with chef solo, specifying a cookbooks path, roles
+  # path, and data_bags path (all relative to this Vagrantfile), and adding 
+  # some recipes and/or roles.
+  #
+  config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef|
+    # chef.cookbooks_path = "../my-recipes/cookbooks"
+    # chef.roles_path = "../my-recipes/roles"
+#    chef.data_bags_path = '/tmp/foo'
+    # chef.add_recipe "mysql"
+    # chef.add_role "web"
+  
+    # You may also specify custom JSON attributes:
+    # chef.json = { :mysql_password => "foo" }
+
+    chef.data_bags_path = ENV['DATA_BAG_DIR']
+    chef.cookbooks_path = ENV['COOKBOOK_DIR']
+    chef.add_recipe 'vagrant'
+    chef.add_recipe 'nerve'
+  end
+
+  # Enable provisioning with chef server, specifying the chef server URL,
+  # and the path to the validation key (relative to this Vagrantfile).
+  #
+  # The Opscode Platform uses HTTPS. Substitute your organization for
+  # ORGNAME in the URL and validation key.
+  #
+  # If you have your own Chef Server, use the appropriate URL, which may be
+  # HTTP instead of HTTPS depending on your configuration. Also change the
+  # validation key to validation.pem.
+  #
+  # config.vm.provision :chef_client do |chef|
+  #   chef.chef_server_url = "https://api.opscode.com/organizations/ORGNAME"
+  #   chef.validation_key_path = "ORGNAME-validator.pem"
+  # end
+  #
+  # If you're using the Opscode platform, your validator client is
+  # ORGNAME-validator, replacing ORGNAME with your organization name.
+  #
+  # IF you have your own Chef Server, the default validation client name is
+  # chef-validator, unless you changed the configuration.
+  #
+  #   chef.validation_client_name = "ORGNAME-validator"
+
+  # Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
+  #   config.vm.provision :shell, :path => "vagrant/init.sh"
+  # end
+end

data/bin/nerve

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'yaml'
+require 'optparse'
+
+require 'nerve'
+require 'nerve/configuration_manager'
+
+# Parse command line options and parse configuration
+config_manager = Nerve::ConfigurationManager.new()
+config_manager.parse_options!
+
+nerve_application = Nerve::Nerve.new(config_manager)
+nerve_application.run
+
+puts "exiting nerve"

data/example/nerve.conf.json

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+{
+  "instance_id": "mymachine",
+  "service_conf_dir": "example/nerve_services",
+  "services": {
+    "your_http_service": {
+      "host": "1.2.3.4",
+      "port": 3000,
+      "reporter_type": "zookeeper",
+      "zk_hosts": ["localhost:2181"],
+      "zk_path": "/nerve/services/your_http_service/services",
+      "check_interval": 2,
+      "checks": [
+        {
+          "type": "http",
+          "uri": "/health",
+          "timeout": 0.2,
+          "rise": 3,
+          "fall": 2
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "your_tcp_service": {
+      "host": "1.2.3.4",
+      "port": 6379,
+      "reporter_type": "zookeeper",
+      "zk_hosts": ["localhost:2181"],
+      "zk_path": "/nerve/services/your_tcp_service/services",
+      "check_interval": 2,
+      "checks": [
+        {
+          "type": "tcp",
+          "timeout": 0.2,
+          "rise": 3,
+          "fall": 2
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "rabbitmq_service": {
+      "host": "1.2.3.4",
+      "port": 5672,
+      "reporter_type": "zookeeper",
+      "zk_hosts": ["localhost:2181"],
+      "zk_path": "/nerve/services/your_rabbitmq_service/services",
+      "check_interval": 2,
+      "checks": [
+        {
+          "type": "rabbitmq",
+          "username": "guest",
+          "password": "guest"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  }
+}

data/example/nerve_services/etcd_service1.json

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "host": "1.2.3.4",
+  "port": 3000,
+  "reporter_type": "etcd",
+  "etcd_host": "localhost",
+  "etcd_port": 4001,
+  "etcd_path": "/nerve/services/your_http_service/services",
+  "check_interval": 2,
+  "weight": 2,
+  "checks": [
+    {
+      "type": "http",
+      "uri": "/health",
+      "timeout": 0.2,
+      "rise": 3,
+      "fall": 2
+    }
+  ]
+}

data/example/nerve_services/zookeeper_service1.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "host": "1.2.3.4",
+  "port": 3000,
+  "reporter_type": "zookeeper",
+  "zk_hosts": ["localhost:2181"],
+  "zk_path": "/nerve/services/your_http_service/services",
+  "check_interval": 2,
+  "weight": 2,
+  "checks": [
+    {
+      "type": "http",
+      "uri": "/health",
+      "timeout": 0.2,
+      "rise": 3,
+      "fall": 2
+    }
+  ]
+}

data/lib/nerve/configuration_manager.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+require 'yaml'
+require 'optparse'
+require 'nerve/log'
+require 'logger'
+
+
+module Nerve
+  class ConfigurationManager
+    include Logging
+
+    attr_reader :options
+    attr_reader :config
+
+    def parse_options_from_argv!
+      options = {}
+      # set command line options
+      optparse = OptionParser.new do |opts|
+        opts.banner =<<EOB
+Welcome to nerve
+
+Usage: nerve --config /path/to/nerve/config
+EOB
+
+        options[:config] = ENV['NERVE_CONFIG']
+        opts.on('-c config','--config config', String, 'path to nerve config') do |key,value|
+          options[:config] = key
+        end
+
+        options[:instance_id] = ENV['NERVE_INSTANCE_ID']
+        opts.on('-i instance_id','--instance_id instance_id', String,
+          'reported as `name` to ZK; overrides instance id from config file') do |key,value|
+          options[:instance_id] = key
+        end
+
+        options[:check_config] = ENV['NERVE_CHECK_CONFIG']
+        opts.on('-k', '--check-config',
+                'Validate the nerve config ONLY and exit 0 if valid (non zero otherwise)') do |_|
+          options[:check_config] = true
+        end
+
+        opts.on('-h', '--help', 'Display this screen') do
+          puts opts
+          exit
+        end
+      end
+      optparse.parse!
+      options.each do|key, value|
+        log.info key
+        log.info value
+      end
+      options
+    end
+
+    def parse_options!
+     @options = parse_options_from_argv!
+    end
+
+    def generate_nerve_config(options)
+
+      config = parse_config_file(options[:config])
+      config['services'] ||= {}
+
+      if config.has_key?('service_conf_dir')
+        cdir = File.expand_path(config['service_conf_dir'])
+        if ! Dir.exists?(cdir) then
+          raise "service conf dir does not exist:#{cdir}"
+        end
+        cfiles = Dir.glob(File.join(cdir, '*.{yaml,json}'))
+        cfiles.each { |x| config['services'][File.basename(x[/(.*)\.(yaml|json)$/, 1])] = parse_config_file(x) }
+      end
+
+      if options[:instance_id] && !options[:instance_id].empty?
+        config['instance_id'] = options[:instance_id]
+      end
+
+      config
+    end
+
+    def parse_config_file(filename)
+      # parse nerve config file
+      begin
+        c = YAML::parse(File.read(filename))
+      rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
+        raise ArgumentError, "config file does not exist:\n#{e.inspect}"
+      rescue Errno::EACCES => e
+        raise ArgumentError, "could not open config file:\n#{e.inspect}"
+      rescue YAML::SyntaxError => e
+        raise "config file #{filename} is not proper yaml:\n#{e.inspect}"
+      end
+      return c.to_ruby
+    end
+
+    def reload!
+      raise "You must parse command line options before reloading config" if @options.nil?
+      @config = generate_nerve_config(@options)
+    end
+
+    def setConfig(configuration)
+     @config = configuration
+     @options = {}
+     @options[:check_config]=false
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+

data/lib/nerve/log.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+module Nerve
+  module Logging
+
+    def log
+      @logger ||= Logging.logger_for(self.class.name)
+    end
+
+    # Use a hash class-ivar to cache a unique Logger per class:
+    @loggers = {}
+
+    class << self
+      def logger_for(classname)
+        @loggers[classname] ||= configure_logger_for(classname)
+      end
+
+      def configure_logger_for(classname)
+        logger = Logger.new(STDERR)
+        logger.level = Logger::INFO unless ENV['DEBUG']
+        logger.progname = classname
+        return logger
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end