multi_bit_field 0.0.1

data/MIT-LICENSE

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+Copyright 2012 YOURNAME
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.markdown

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+# MultiBitField #
+
+## Description ##
+
+MultiBitField creates convenience methods for using multiple filum bit-fields with ActiveRecord.
+
+I'm sure the first question might be: "Why?"  I assure you there are good reasons, but it will be a pretty specific need.  I'll try to show a couple of ways that I use this technique, so you can decide if it's useful for you.
+
+MultiBitField extends an integer field of the database, and allows the user to specify multiple columns on that field.
+
+Other plugins have leveraged this technique to store multiple boolean flags in a single database field.  While that's certainly possible with this tool, it really better for storing larger values like settings or counters.
+
+I've found it useful sorting or comparing these types of fields.  For instance, you may have daily, weekly and monthly counters, and want to sort on this combination.  The order of the fields applys weight to each, so it should be chosen with care.
+
+## Example ##
+
+Say you have daily, weekly and monthly counters:
+
+ Value     | Daily    | Weekly  | Monthly  |  All columns together 
+ --------: | ------:  | ------: | -------: | :--------------------:
+ bits      | 00011    | 00101   | 00001    |  000110010100001      
+ values    | 3        | 5       | 1        |  3_233                
+ weighted  | 3072     | 160     | 1        |  -                    
+ maxval    | 31       | 31      | 31       |  32_767               
+ 
+If this model is now sorted in ascending order, it'll sort first by day, then by week and then by month.  You could also compare counters with a paired "limit" field.
+
+The methods only require an integer attribute (any ORM will do.)  Here's how we'd set this up:
+
+```ruby
+  class User < ActiveRecord::Base
+    has_bit_field :counter, :daily => 0..4, :weekly => 5..9, :monthly => 10..14
+	has_bit_field :limit,   :daily => 0..4, :weekly => 5..9, :monthly => 10..14
+  end
+```
+
+this provides the following methods:
+
+```ruby
+person = Person.new :daily => 3, :weekly => 5, :monthly => 1
+person.daily 
+-> 3
+person.counter
+-> 3233
+
+person = Person.new :counter => 3233
+person.monthly
+-> 1
+person.weekly
+-> 5
+person.monthly = 4
+person.counter
+-> 3236
+
+\# to view the binary string, you can convert to base-2
+person.counter.to_s(2)
+-> 000110010100100
+```
+
+One limitation you should be aware of:
+
+Since this technique pins the counters/limits to specific bits, you will need to plan the size of integer you intend to store in each field.  For instance, if you need numbers 0-7, you can store that in 3 bits, if you need 0-31, you'll need 5 bits, etc.
+
+##Todo
+
+I intend to add some more methods in the models for the following features:
+
+  * Add class and instance "bitfield reset" methods
+  	- This may make the plugin more dependent on an ORM/database
+  * Possibly replace current String-converstion solution with bit-functions
+  * Add comparison methods between bitfields on the same column, or between multiple columns
+  * Investigate if there's a use for right/left bit shifting
+
+Author:: Aaron Spiegel
+Copyright:: Copyright (c) 2012 Aaron Spiegel
+License:: MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)

data/Rakefile

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+#!/usr/bin/env rake
+begin
+  require 'bundler/setup'
+rescue LoadError
+  puts 'You must `gem install bundler` and `bundle install` to run rake tasks'
+end
+begin
+  require 'rdoc/task'
+rescue LoadError
+  require 'rdoc/rdoc'
+  require 'rake/rdoctask'
+  RDoc::Task = Rake::RDocTask
+end
+
+RDoc::Task.new(:rdoc) do |rdoc|
+  rdoc.rdoc_dir = 'rdoc'
+  rdoc.title    = 'MultiBitField'
+  rdoc.options << '--line-numbers'
+  rdoc.rdoc_files.include('README.rdoc')
+  rdoc.rdoc_files.include('lib/**/*.rb')
+end
+
+
+
+
+Bundler::GemHelper.install_tasks
+
+require 'rake/testtask'
+
+Rake::TestTask.new(:test) do |t|
+  t.libs << 'lib'
+  t.libs << 'test'
+  t.pattern = 'test/**/*_test.rb'
+  t.verbose = false
+end
+
+
+task :default => :test

data/lib/multi_bit_field/core_ext.rb

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+Range.class_eval do
+  def <=> other
+    max <=> other.max
+  end
+
+  def + other
+    first, second = [self, other].sort
+    first.min .. second.max
+  end
+end

data/lib/multi_bit_field/version.rb

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+module MultiBitField
+  VERSION = "0.0.1"
+end

data/lib/multi_bit_field.rb

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+require 'multi_bit_field/core_ext'
+
+module MultiBitField  
+  module ClassMethods
+    # MultiBitField creates convenience methods for using
+    # multiple filum bit-fields with ActiveRecord.
+    # Author:: Aaron Spiegel
+    # Copyright:: Copyright (c) 2012 Aaron Spiegel
+    # License:: MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+    #
+    # +has_bit_field :column, :fields
+    #
+    #   class User < ActiveRecord::Base
+    #     has_bit_field :counter, :daily => 0..4, :weekly => 5..9, :monthly => 10..14
+    #   end
+    #
+    def has_bit_field column, fields
+      set_bitfields! column, fields
+      
+      fields.each do |field_name, filum|
+        class_eval <<-EVAL
+          def #{field_name}
+            get_bits_for(:#{column}, #{filum})
+          end
+
+          def #{field_name}=(value)
+            set_bits_for(:#{column}, #{filum}, value)
+          end
+        EVAL
+      end
+    end
+
+    def bitfields
+      @@bitfields
+    end
+    
+    private
+    
+    def set_bitfields! column, fields
+      if defined?(@@bitfields)
+        # set the 
+        @@bitfields[column] = fields.values.sum.count
+      else
+        @@bitfields = { column => fields.values.sum.count }
+      end
+    end
+  end  
+  
+  module InstanceMethods
+    private
+    
+    # self[column_name].to_s(2)                -- converts integer to binary string
+    # self[column_name].to_s(2)[filum]         -- selects range or integer from string
+    # self[column_name].to_s(2)[filum].to_i(2) -- converts it back to an integer
+    def get_bits_for(column, filum)
+      return nil if self[column].nil?
+      length     = self.class.bitfields[column]
+      bit_string = self[column].to_i.to_s(2)
+      
+      sprintf("%0#{length}d", bit_string)[filum].to_i(2)
+    end
+
+    def set_bits_for(column, filum, value)
+      length     = self.class.bitfields[column]
+      bit_string = self[column].to_i.to_s(2)
+      temp_field = sprintf("%0#{length}d", bit_string)
+
+      raise ArgumentError, "Attempted value: #{value} is too large for selected filum" \
+        if filum.count < value.to_i.to_s(2).length
+
+      # replace filum section
+      temp_field[filum] = sprintf("%0#{filum.count}d", value.to_i.to_s(2))
+      
+      # replace with integer value
+      self[column] = temp_field.to_i(2)
+    end
+    
+  end
+  
+  def self.included(receiver)
+    receiver.extend         ClassMethods
+    receiver.send :include, InstanceMethods
+  end
+end

data/lib/tasks/multi_bit_field_tasks.rake

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+# desc "Explaining what the task does"
+# task :multi_bit_field do
+#   # Task goes here
+# end

data/test/dummy/README.rdoc

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+== Welcome to Rails
+
+Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create
+database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Control pattern.
+
+This pattern splits the view (also called the presentation) into "dumb"
+templates that are primarily responsible for inserting pre-built data in between
+HTML tags. The model contains the "smart" domain objects (such as Account,
+Product, Person, Post) that holds all the business logic and knows how to
+persist themselves to a database. The controller handles the incoming requests
+(such as Save New Account, Update Product, Show Post) by manipulating the model
+and directing data to the view.
+
+In Rails, the model is handled by what's called an object-relational mapping
+layer entitled Active Record. This layer allows you to present the data from
+database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic
+methods. You can read more about Active Record in
+link:files/vendor/rails/activerecord/README.html.
+
+The controller and view are handled by the Action Pack, which handles both
+layers by its two parts: Action View and Action Controller. These two layers
+are bundled in a single package due to their heavy interdependence. This is
+unlike the relationship between the Active Record and Action Pack that is much
+more separate. Each of these packages can be used independently outside of
+Rails. You can read more about Action Pack in
+link:files/vendor/rails/actionpack/README.html.
+
+
+== Getting Started
+
+1. At the command prompt, create a new Rails application:
+       <tt>rails new myapp</tt> (where <tt>myapp</tt> is the application name)
+
+2. Change directory to <tt>myapp</tt> and start the web server:
+       <tt>cd myapp; rails server</tt> (run with --help for options)
+
+3. Go to http://localhost:3000/ and you'll see:
+       "Welcome aboard: You're riding Ruby on Rails!"
+
+4. Follow the guidelines to start developing your application. You can find
+the following resources handy:
+
+* The Getting Started Guide: http://guides.rubyonrails.org/getting_started.html
+* Ruby on Rails Tutorial Book: http://www.railstutorial.org/
+
+
+== Debugging Rails
+
+Sometimes your application goes wrong. Fortunately there are a lot of tools that
+will help you debug it and get it back on the rails.
+
+First area to check is the application log files. Have "tail -f" commands
+running on the server.log and development.log. Rails will automatically display
+debugging and runtime information to these files. Debugging info will also be
+shown in the browser on requests from 127.0.0.1.
+
+You can also log your own messages directly into the log file from your code
+using the Ruby logger class from inside your controllers. Example:
+
+  class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
+    def destroy
+      @weblog = Weblog.find(params[:id])
+      @weblog.destroy
+      logger.info("#{Time.now} Destroyed Weblog ID ##{@weblog.id}!")
+    end
+  end
+
+The result will be a message in your log file along the lines of:
+
+  Mon Oct 08 14:22:29 +1000 2007 Destroyed Weblog ID #1!
+
+More information on how to use the logger is at http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/
+
+Also, Ruby documentation can be found at http://www.ruby-lang.org/. There are
+several books available online as well:
+
+* Programming Ruby: http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/ (Pickaxe)
+* Learn to Program: http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/ (a beginners guide)
+
+These two books will bring you up to speed on the Ruby language and also on
+programming in general.
+
+
+== Debugger
+
+Debugger support is available through the debugger command when you start your
+Mongrel or WEBrick server with --debugger. This means that you can break out of
+execution at any point in the code, investigate and change the model, and then,
+resume execution! You need to install ruby-debug to run the server in debugging
+mode. With gems, use <tt>sudo gem install ruby-debug</tt>. Example:
+
+  class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
+    def index
+      @posts = Post.all
+      debugger
+    end
+  end
+
+So the controller will accept the action, run the first line, then present you
+with a IRB prompt in the server window. Here you can do things like:
+
+  >> @posts.inspect
+  => "[#<Post:0x14a6be8
+          @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>,
+       #<Post:0x14a6620
+          @attributes={"title"=>"Rails", "body"=>"Only ten..", "id"=>"2"}>]"
+  >> @posts.first.title = "hello from a debugger"
+  => "hello from a debugger"
+
+...and even better, you can examine how your runtime objects actually work:
+
+  >> f = @posts.first
+  => #<Post:0x13630c4 @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>
+  >> f.
+  Display all 152 possibilities? (y or n)
+
+Finally, when you're ready to resume execution, you can enter "cont".
+
+
+== Console
+
+The console is a Ruby shell, which allows you to interact with your
+application's domain model. Here you'll have all parts of the application
+configured, just like it is when the application is running. You can inspect
+domain models, change values, and save to the database. Starting the script
+without arguments will launch it in the development environment.
+
+To start the console, run <tt>rails console</tt> from the application
+directory.
+
+Options:
+
+* Passing the <tt>-s, --sandbox</tt> argument will rollback any modifications
+  made to the database.
+* Passing an environment name as an argument will load the corresponding
+  environment. Example: <tt>rails console production</tt>.
+
+To reload your controllers and models after launching the console run
+<tt>reload!</tt>
+
+More information about irb can be found at:
+link:http://www.rubycentral.org/pickaxe/irb.html
+
+
+== dbconsole
+
+You can go to the command line of your database directly through <tt>rails
+dbconsole</tt>. You would be connected to the database with the credentials
+defined in database.yml. Starting the script without arguments will connect you
+to the development database. Passing an argument will connect you to a different
+database, like <tt>rails dbconsole production</tt>. Currently works for MySQL,
+PostgreSQL and SQLite 3.
+
+== Description of Contents
+
+The default directory structure of a generated Ruby on Rails application:
+
+  |-- app
+  |   |-- assets
+  |       |-- images
+  |       |-- javascripts
+  |       `-- stylesheets
+  |   |-- controllers
+  |   |-- helpers
+  |   |-- mailers
+  |   |-- models
+  |   `-- views
+  |       `-- layouts
+  |-- config
+  |   |-- environments
+  |   |-- initializers
+  |   `-- locales
+  |-- db
+  |-- doc
+  |-- lib
+  |   `-- tasks
+  |-- log
+  |-- public
+  |-- script
+  |-- test
+  |   |-- fixtures
+  |   |-- functional
+  |   |-- integration
+  |   |-- performance
+  |   `-- unit
+  |-- tmp
+  |   |-- cache
+  |   |-- pids
+  |   |-- sessions
+  |   `-- sockets
+  `-- vendor
+      |-- assets
+          `-- stylesheets
+      `-- plugins
+
+app
+  Holds all the code that's specific to this particular application.
+
+app/assets
+  Contains subdirectories for images, stylesheets, and JavaScript files.
+
+app/controllers
+  Holds controllers that should be named like weblogs_controller.rb for
+  automated URL mapping. All controllers should descend from
+  ApplicationController which itself descends from ActionController::Base.
+
+app/models
+  Holds models that should be named like post.rb. Models descend from
+  ActiveRecord::Base by default.
+
+app/views
+  Holds the template files for the view that should be named like
+  weblogs/index.html.erb for the WeblogsController#index action. All views use
+  eRuby syntax by default.
+
+app/views/layouts
+  Holds the template files for layouts to be used with views. This models the
+  common header/footer method of wrapping views. In your views, define a layout
+  using the <tt>layout :default</tt> and create a file named default.html.erb.
+  Inside default.html.erb, call <% yield %> to render the view using this
+  layout.
+
+app/helpers
+  Holds view helpers that should be named like weblogs_helper.rb. These are
+  generated for you automatically when using generators for controllers.
+  Helpers can be used to wrap functionality for your views into methods.
+
+config
+  Configuration files for the Rails environment, the routing map, the database,
+  and other dependencies.
+
+db
+  Contains the database schema in schema.rb. db/migrate contains all the
+  sequence of Migrations for your schema.
+
+doc
+  This directory is where your application documentation will be stored when
+  generated using <tt>rake doc:app</tt>
+
+lib
+  Application specific libraries. Basically, any kind of custom code that
+  doesn't belong under controllers, models, or helpers. This directory is in
+  the load path.
+
+public
+  The directory available for the web server. Also contains the dispatchers and the
+  default HTML files. This should be set as the DOCUMENT_ROOT of your web
+  server.
+
+script
+  Helper scripts for automation and generation.
+
+test
+  Unit and functional tests along with fixtures. When using the rails generate
+  command, template test files will be generated for you and placed in this
+  directory.
+
+vendor
+  External libraries that the application depends on. Also includes the plugins
+  subdirectory. If the app has frozen rails, those gems also go here, under
+  vendor/rails/. This directory is in the load path.

data/test/dummy/Rakefile

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+#!/usr/bin/env rake
+# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
+# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
+
+require File.expand_path('../config/application', __FILE__)
+
+Dummy::Application.load_tasks

data/test/dummy/app/assets/javascripts/application.js

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+// This is a manifest file that'll be compiled into application.js, which will include all the files
+// listed below.
+//
+// Any JavaScript/Coffee file within this directory, lib/assets/javascripts, vendor/assets/javascripts,
+// or vendor/assets/javascripts of plugins, if any, can be referenced here using a relative path.
+//
+// It's not advisable to add code directly here, but if you do, it'll appear at the bottom of the
+// the compiled file.
+//
+// WARNING: THE FIRST BLANK LINE MARKS THE END OF WHAT'S TO BE PROCESSED, ANY BLANK LINE SHOULD
+// GO AFTER THE REQUIRES BELOW.
+//
+//= require jquery
+//= require jquery_ujs
+//= require_tree .

data/test/dummy/app/assets/stylesheets/application.css

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+/*
+ * This is a manifest file that'll be compiled into application.css, which will include all the files
+ * listed below.
+ *
+ * Any CSS and SCSS file within this directory, lib/assets/stylesheets, vendor/assets/stylesheets,
+ * or vendor/assets/stylesheets of plugins, if any, can be referenced here using a relative path.
+ *
+ * You're free to add application-wide styles to this file and they'll appear at the top of the
+ * compiled file, but it's generally better to create a new file per style scope.
+ *
+ *= require_self
+ *= require_tree .
+*/

data/test/dummy/app/controllers/application_controller.rb

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+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+  protect_from_forgery
+end

data/test/dummy/app/helpers/application_helper.rb

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+module ApplicationHelper
+end

data/test/dummy/app/models/person.rb

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+class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
+  include MultiBitField
+  
+  has_bit_field :birthday, :month => 0..3, :day => 4..8
+end

data/test/dummy/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Dummy</title>
+  <%= stylesheet_link_tag    "application", :media => "all" %>
+  <%= javascript_include_tag "application" %>
+  <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
+</head>
+<body>
+
+<%= yield %>
+
+</body>
+</html>

data/test/dummy/config/application.rb

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+require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)
+
+require 'rails/all'
+
+Bundler.require
+require "multi_bit_field"
+
+module Dummy
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
+    # Application configuration should go into files in config/initializers
+    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded.
+
+    # Custom directories with classes and modules you want to be autoloadable.
+    # config.autoload_paths += %W(#{config.root}/extras)
+
+    # Only load the plugins named here, in the order given (default is alphabetical).
+    # :all can be used as a placeholder for all plugins not explicitly named.
+    # config.plugins = [ :exception_notification, :ssl_requirement, :all ]
+
+    # Activate observers that should always be running.
+    # config.active_record.observers = :cacher, :garbage_collector, :forum_observer
+
+    # Set Time.zone default to the specified zone and make Active Record auto-convert to this zone.
+    # Run "rake -D time" for a list of tasks for finding time zone names. Default is UTC.
+    # config.time_zone = 'Central Time (US & Canada)'
+
+    # The default locale is :en and all translations from config/locales/*.rb,yml are auto loaded.
+    # config.i18n.load_path += Dir[Rails.root.join('my', 'locales', '*.{rb,yml}').to_s]
+    # config.i18n.default_locale = :de
+
+    # Configure the default encoding used in templates for Ruby 1.9.
+    config.encoding = "utf-8"
+
+    # Configure sensitive parameters which will be filtered from the log file.
+    config.filter_parameters += [:password]
+
+    # Use SQL instead of Active Record's schema dumper when creating the database.
+    # This is necessary if your schema can't be completely dumped by the schema dumper,
+    # like if you have constraints or database-specific column types
+    # config.active_record.schema_format = :sql
+
+    # Enforce whitelist mode for mass assignment.
+    # This will create an empty whitelist of attributes available for mass-assignment for all models
+    # in your app. As such, your models will need to explicitly whitelist or blacklist accessible
+    # parameters by using an attr_accessible or attr_protected declaration.
+    # config.active_record.whitelist_attributes = true
+
+    # Enable the asset pipeline
+    config.assets.enabled = true
+
+    # Version of your assets, change this if you want to expire all your assets
+    config.assets.version = '1.0'
+  end
+end
+

data/test/dummy/config/boot.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+require 'rubygems'
+gemfile = File.expand_path('../../../../Gemfile', __FILE__)
+
+if File.exist?(gemfile)
+  ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile
+  require 'bundler'
+  Bundler.setup
+end
+
+$:.unshift File.expand_path('../../../../lib', __FILE__)

data/test/dummy/config/database.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# SQLite version 3.x
+#   gem install sqlite3
+#
+#   Ensure the SQLite 3 gem is defined in your Gemfile
+#   gem 'sqlite3'
+development:
+  adapter: sqlite3
+  database: db/development.sqlite3
+  pool: 5
+  timeout: 5000
+
+# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
+# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
+# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
+test:
+  adapter: sqlite3
+  database: db/test.sqlite3
+  pool: 5
+  timeout: 5000
+
+production:
+  adapter: sqlite3
+  database: db/production.sqlite3
+  pool: 5
+  timeout: 5000

data/test/dummy/config/environment.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the rails application
+require File.expand_path('../application', __FILE__)
+
+# Initialize the rails application
+Dummy::Application.initialize!