micro_kanren 0.0.1

checksums.yaml

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data/.gitignore

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+*.gem
+*.rbc
+.bundle
+.config
+.yardoc
+Gemfile.lock
+InstalledFiles
+_yardoc
+coverage
+doc/
+lib/bundler/man
+pkg
+rdoc
+spec/reports
+test/tmp
+test/version_tmp
+tmp

data/.travis.yml

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+language: ruby
+rvm:
+  - 2.1.0
+  - 2.0.0
+  - ruby-head
+  - jruby-head

data/Gemfile

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+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+# Specify your gem's dependencies in ruby_ukanren.gemspec
+gemspec

data/LICENSE.txt

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+Copyright (c) 2014 Justin Leitgeb
+
+MIT License
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.md

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+# microKanren in Ruby
+
+A port of microKanren, a minimalistic logic programming language, to Ruby.
+
+## Installation
+
+Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
+
+    gem 'micro_kanren'
+
+And then execute:
+
+    $ bundle
+
+Or install it yourself as:
+
+    $ gem install micro_kanren
+
+## Usage
+
+```ruby
+require 'micro_kanren'
+include MicroKanren::Core
+
+call_fresh(-> (q) { eq(q, 5) }).call(empty_state)
+
+# The result is a set of nested lambda cons cells equivalent to ((([0] . 5 )) . 1)).
+```
+
+See the language_spec for more examples.
+## Credits
+
+The code in this gem is closely based on the following sources:
+
+* The [microKanren paper](http://webyrd.net/scheme-2013/papers/HemannMuKanren2013.pdf)
+  by Jason Hemann and Daniel P. Friedman. I read this paper a couple of times, and
+  will probably have to read it a few more before I have a better understanding
+  about what this code is doing and how to write more effective logic programs.
+* This code is also in parts copied from
+  [Scott Vokes' port of microKanren to Lua](https://github.com/silentbicycle/lua-ukanren).
+  It was great to have the Lua code as a second example of the implementation in
+  the paper, and it made my job especially easy since Lua is so similar to Ruby.
+* Finally, I used the [microKanren examples in Scheme](https://github.com/jasonhemann/microKanren)
+  to see if this port worked as expected.
+
+## Dependencies
+
+This project requires Ruby 2.0 or higher. You can see which Rubies work with
+this project in the [Travis CI Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/jsl/ruby_ukanren).
+
+## Contributing
+
+1. Fork it ( http://github.com/jsl/ruby_ukanren/fork )
+2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
+4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+5. Create new Pull Request
+
+## Build Status
+
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/jsl/ruby_ukanren.png)](https://travis-ci.org/jsl/ruby_ukanren)

data/Rakefile

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+require "bundler/gem_tasks"
+
+require 'rake/testtask'
+
+Rake::TestTask.new do |t|
+  t.libs << "spec"
+  t.test_files = FileList['spec/**/*_spec.rb']
+end
+
+task :default => :test

data/lib/micro_kanren/core.rb

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+module MicroKanren
+  module Core
+    include Lisp
+
+    def var(*c)       ; Array.new(c)   ; end
+    def var?(x)       ; x.is_a?(Array) ; end
+
+    def vars_eq?(x1, x2) ; x1 == x2    ; end
+
+    def mzero ; nil ; end
+
+    def ext_s(x, v, s)
+      cons(cons(x, v), s)
+    end
+
+    def unify(u, v, s)
+      u = walk(u, s)
+      v = walk(v, s)
+
+      if var?(u) && var?(v) && vars_eq?(u, v)
+        s
+      elsif var?(u)
+        ext_s(u, v, s)
+
+      elsif var?(v)
+        ext_s(v, u, s)
+
+      elsif pair?(u) && pair?(v)
+        if s = unify(car(u), car(v), s)
+          unify(cdr(u), cdr(v), s)
+        end
+      elsif u == v
+        s
+      end
+    end
+
+    def unit(s_c)
+      cons(s_c, mzero)
+    end
+
+    # Constrain u to be equal to v.
+    def eq(u, v)
+      ->(s_c) {
+        s = unify(u, v, car(s_c))
+        s ? unit(cons(s, cdr(s_c))) : mzero
+      }
+    end
+
+    # Walk environment S and look up value of U, if present.
+    def walk(u, s)
+      if var?(u)
+        pr = assp(-> (v) { u == v }, s)
+        pr ? walk(cdr(pr), s) : u
+
+      else
+        u
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Call function f with a fresh variable.
+    def call_fresh(f)
+      -> (s_c) {
+        c = cdr(s_c)
+        f.call(var(c)).call(cons(car(s_c), c + 1))
+      }
+    end
+
+    def mplus(d1, d2)
+      if d1.nil?
+        d2
+      elsif d1.is_a?(Proc) && !cons_cell?(d1)
+        -> { mplus(d2, d1.call) }
+      else
+        cons(car(d1), mplus(cdr(d1), d2))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def bind(d, g)
+      if d.nil?
+        mzero
+      elsif d.is_a?(Proc) && !cons_cell?(d)
+        -> { bind(d.call, g) }
+      else
+        mplus(g.call(car(d)), bind(cdr(d), g))
+      end
+    end
+
+    def disj(g1, g2)
+      -> (s_c) {
+        mplus(g1.call(s_c), g2.call(s_c))
+      }
+    end
+
+    def conj(g1, g2)
+      -> (s_c) {
+        bind(g1.call(s_c), g2)
+      }
+    end
+
+    def empty_state
+      cons(mzero, 0)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/micro_kanren/lisp.rb

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+module MicroKanren
+  module Lisp
+
+    # Returns a Cons cell that is also marked as such for later identification.
+    def cons(x, y)
+      -> (m) { m.call(x, y) }.tap do |func|
+        func.instance_eval{ def cons_cell? ; true ; end }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def car(z)     ; z.call(-> (p, q) { p }) ; end
+    def cdr(z)     ; z.call(-> (p, q) { q }) ; end
+
+    def cons_cell?(d)
+      d.respond_to?(:cons_cell?) && d.cons_cell?
+    end
+
+    # Search association list by predicate function.
+    # Based on lua implementation by silentbicycle:
+    # https://github.com/silentbicycle/lua-ukanren/blob/master/ukanren.lua#L53:L61
+    #
+    # Additional reference for this function is scheme:
+    # Ref for assp: http://www.r6rs.org/final/html/r6rs-lib/r6rs-lib-Z-H-4.html
+    def assp(func, alist)
+      if alist && hd = car(alist)
+        func.call(hd) ? hd : assp(func, cdr(alist))
+      end
+    end
+
+    # A nicer printed representation of nested cons cells represented by Ruby
+    # Procs.
+    def print_ast(node)
+      if cons_cell?(node)
+        ['(', print_ast(car(node)), ' . ', print_ast(cdr(node)), ')'].join
+      else
+        case node
+        when NilClass, Array, String
+          node.inspect
+        else
+          node.to_s
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/micro_kanren/version.rb

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+module MicroKanren
+  VERSION = "0.0.1"
+end

data/lib/micro_kanren.rb

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+require "micro_kanren/version"
+require "micro_kanren/lisp"
+require "micro_kanren/core"

data/micro_kanren.gemspec

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+# coding: utf-8
+lib = File.expand_path('../lib', __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+require 'micro_kanren/version'
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = "micro_kanren"
+  spec.version       = MicroKanren::VERSION
+  spec.authors       = ["Justin Leitgeb"]
+  spec.email         = ["justin@stackbuilders.com"]
+  spec.summary       = %q{uKanren in Ruby}
+  spec.description   = %q{A port of uKanren to Ruby.}
+  spec.homepage      = "http://github.com/jsl/ruby_ukanren"
+  spec.license       = "MIT"
+
+  spec.files         = `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0")
+  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^bin/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
+  spec.test_files    = spec.files.grep(%r{^(test|spec|features)/})
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+
+  spec.add_development_dependency "bundler", "~> 1.5"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rake"
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'mocha'
+end

data/spec/micro_kanren/core_spec.rb

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+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe MicroKanren::Core do
+  include MicroKanren::Core
+
+  describe "#call_fresh" do
+    it "second-set t1" do
+      res = call_fresh(-> (q) { eq(q, 5) }).call(empty_state)
+
+      # The result should be ((([0] . 5 )) . 1)) following the reference
+      # implementation:
+      # https://github.com/jasonhemann/microKanren/blob/master/microKanren-test.scm#L6
+
+      # We don't have a pretty printer for our lambda-conses, so here goes:
+      car(car(car(car(res)))).must_equal [0]
+      cdr(car(res)).must_equal 1
+      cdr(car(car(car(res)))).must_equal 5
+    end
+
+    it "second-set t2" do
+      res = call_fresh(-> (q) { eq(q, 5) }).call(empty_state)
+
+      # Following reference implementation:
+      # https://github.com/jasonhemann/microKanren/blob/master/microKanren-test.scm#L11
+      cdr(res).must_be_nil
+    end
+
+    def a_and_b
+      a = -> (a) { eq(a, 7) }
+      b = -> (b) { disj(eq(b, 5), eq(b, 6)) }
+
+      conj(call_fresh(a), call_fresh(b))
+    end
+
+    it "second-set t3" do
+      res = a_and_b.call(empty_state)
+
+      # The result should be ((([1] . 5) ([0] . 7)) . 2)) following the reference
+      # implementation:
+      # https://github.com/jasonhemann/microKanren/blob/master/microKanren-test.scm#L13
+      car(car(car(car(res)))).must_equal [1]
+      cdr(car(car(car(res)))).must_equal 5
+      car(car(cdr(car(car(res))))).must_equal [0]
+      cdr(car(cdr(car(car(res))))).must_equal 7
+      cdr(car(res)).must_equal 2
+    end
+
+    def fives
+      -> (x) {
+        disj(eq(x, 5), -> (a_c) { -> { fives(x).call(a_c) } })
+      }
+    end
+
+    it "who cares" do # Apparently not the authors of the reference implementation...
+      skip("Create proper assertion for this test")
+      l = -> (q) { fives.call(q) }
+      res = call_fresh(l).call(empty_state)
+    end
+
+  end
+end

data/spec/micro_kanren/lisp_spec.rb

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+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe MicroKanren::Lisp do
+  include MicroKanren::Lisp
+
+  describe "#car" do
+    it "returns the first element in the pair" do
+      car(cons(1, 2)).must_equal 1
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#cdr" do
+    it "returns the second item in the pair" do
+      cdr(cons(1, 2)).must_equal 2
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#cons" do
+    it "returns a pair" do
+      car(cons(1, 2)).must_equal 1
+      cdr(cons(1, 2)).must_equal 2
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#assp" do
+    it "returns the first element for which the predicate function is true" do
+      alist = cons(1, cons(2, cons(3, 4)))
+      assp(->(i) { i == 3 }, alist).must_equal 3
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#print_ast" do
+    it "prints a cons cell representation of a simple cell" do
+      print_ast(cons('a', 'b')).must_equal '("a" . "b")'
+    end
+
+    it "represents Integers and Floats" do
+      print_ast(cons(1, 2)).must_equal '(1 . 2)'
+    end
+
+    it "prints a nested expression" do
+      print_ast(cons('a', cons('b', 'c'))).must_equal '("a" . ("b" . "c"))'
+    end
+
+    it "represents Arrays (in scheme, vectors) correctly in printed form" do
+      print_ast(cons('a', [])).must_equal '("a" . [])'
+    end
+
+    it "represents nil elements (in scheme, '())" do
+      print_ast(cons('a', nil)).must_equal '("a" . nil)'
+    end
+  end
+end

data/spec/spec_helper.rb

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+require 'minitest/autorun'
+
+require "mocha"
+
+require "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../lib/micro_kanren"

metadata

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+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
+name: micro_kanren
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+  version: 0.0.1
+platform: ruby
+authors:
+- Justin Leitgeb
+autorequire: 
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+date: 2014-01-25 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+dependencies:
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: bundler
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.5'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.5'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rake
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: mocha
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0'
+description: A port of uKanren to Ruby.
+email:
+- justin@stackbuilders.com
+executables: []
+extensions: []
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+files:
+- ".gitignore"
+- ".travis.yml"
+- Gemfile
+- LICENSE.txt
+- README.md
+- Rakefile
+- lib/micro_kanren.rb
+- lib/micro_kanren/core.rb
+- lib/micro_kanren/lisp.rb
+- lib/micro_kanren/version.rb
+- micro_kanren.gemspec
+- spec/micro_kanren/core_spec.rb
+- spec/micro_kanren/lisp_spec.rb
+- spec/spec_helper.rb
+homepage: http://github.com/jsl/ruby_ukanren
+licenses:
+- MIT
+metadata: {}
+post_install_message: 
+rdoc_options: []
+require_paths:
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+requirements: []
+rubyforge_project: 
+rubygems_version: 2.2.1
+signing_key: 
+specification_version: 4
+summary: uKanren in Ruby
+test_files:
+- spec/micro_kanren/core_spec.rb
+- spec/micro_kanren/lisp_spec.rb
+- spec/spec_helper.rb