kuro7-gas 1.0.0

data/LICENSE

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data/NOTICE

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+This product contains software developed by Blanton Black.

data/README

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+Title: Gas
+use_numbered_headers: true
+
+Gas is an extensible binary container format.
+
+| Link                | URL                                |
+| ------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
+| Home Page           | <http://gas.gekkoware.net>         |
+| Official Repository | <http://github.com/kuro7/gas/tree> |
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+*Table of contents:*
+
+* Table of contents
+{:toc}
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Uses
+====
+
+Just a few ideas.
+
+- Network Communication Protocol
+- Archive Format
+- Multimedia Containers (images, video, audio, etc.)
+
+Consider gas for a network protocol.  For a minimal increase in bandwidth, it becomes possible to specify a protocol that can adapt as necessary.  Need a new field?  Add a new attribute.  And of course, adding an attribute does not break preexisting implementations.
+
+Design Goals
+============
+
+Extensibility
+-------------
+
+The design philosophy necessitates that any use of gas define and adhere to its own conventions.  In fact, gas has *no* knowledge of typical data types, such as floats, strings, or [halfs][OpenEXR].  Instead, everything from chunk IDs, to attribute keys and values, to payloads, are all treated as opaque binary blobs.  The advantage, however, is that agreeing upon a field's data type allows the application to quickly graft data into place.  Furthermore, as architectures evolve over time, gas should remain relevant as long as computing systems remain binary and byte based.
+
+[OpenEXR]: http://openexr.com
+
+Portability
+-----------
+
+Gas uses a given platform's long type as its unsigned number format.  This allows for the potential for overflow when a 64bit machine passes a large yet valid number to a peer where the largest data type is only 2 bytes.  However, this is were application engineering comes in.
+
+Also, there is no notion of endian conventions.  Instead, number encoding and decoding is performed using bit masking and bit shifting.
+
+Number Encoding
+===============
+
+The gas format has only one data type.  It uses a number encoding format that uses the minimum space required.  However, there is no upper limit to a number's size.  That is to say, any given implementation is limited only by the maximum size of its long data type.
+
+Possible gas encoding lengths for a 64bit architecture:
+
+    value 0 to  2^7-2 - 1xxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^14-2 - 01xx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^21-2 - 001x xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^28-2 - 0001 xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^35-2 - 0000 1xxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^42-2 - 0000 01xx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^49-2 - 0000 001x  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^56-2 - 0000 0001  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^63-2 - 0000 0000  1xxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+    value 0 to 2^70-2 - 0000 0000  01xx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx  xxxx xxxx
+
+Big Number Potential
+--------------------
+
+Consider [Ruby][].  The standard ruby interpreter seamlessly converts a Fixnum to a Bignum, both subclasses of Integer, as number size necessitates.  Since the pure ruby version of gas does not care whether it is working with a Fixnum or a Bignum, there is no limit to a gas encoded number when a big number implementation is involved.
+
+[ruby]: http://ruby-lang.org
+
+<!-- vim: set ft=mkd : -->

data/lib/gas.rb

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+#
+# Copyright 2008 Blanton Black
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+module Gas
+
+  def encode_num (value)
+    buf = String.new
+
+    coded_length = 1
+    loop do
+      break if value < ((1 << (7*coded_length))-1)
+      #break if ((coded_length * 7) > (4 * 8))
+      coded_length += 1
+    end
+
+    zero_count = coded_length - 1
+    zero_bytes = zero_count / 8
+    zero_bits = zero_count % 8
+
+    zero_bytes.times do
+      buf << "\0"
+    end
+
+    mask = 0x80
+    mask >>= zero_bits
+
+    # first masked byte
+  #  byte = if coded_length <= 4
+  #           mask | ((value >> ((coded_length - zero_bytes - 1) * 8)) & 0xff)
+  #         else
+  #           mask
+  #         end
+    byte = mask | ((value >> ((coded_length - zero_bytes - 1) * 8)) & 0xff)
+    buf << byte
+
+    # remaining bytes
+    si = coded_length - 2 - zero_bytes
+    while si >= 0
+      byte = ((value >> (si * 8)) & 0xff)
+      buf << byte
+      si -= 1
+    end
+
+    return buf
+  end
+
+  def decode_num (io)
+    byte = nil
+
+    zero_byte_count = 0
+    loop do
+      byte = io.read(1)
+      fail 'failed to read 1 byte' unless byte
+      byte = byte[0]
+      break if byte != 0x00
+      zero_byte_count += 1
+    end
+
+    first_bit_set = nil
+    7.downto(0) do |first_bit_set|
+      break unless byte[first_bit_set].zero?
+    end
+
+    mask = 0x0
+    0.upto(first_bit_set - 1) do |i|
+      mask |= (1 << i)
+    end
+
+    additional_bytes_to_read = (7 - first_bit_set) + (7 * zero_byte_count)
+
+    retval = mask & byte
+    additional_bytes_to_read.times do
+      byte = io.read(1)
+      fail 'failed to read 1 byte' unless byte
+      byte = byte[0]
+      retval = (retval << 8) | byte
+    end
+    return retval
+  end
+
+  class Chunk
+    include Gas
+
+    attr_accessor :parent, :size, :id, :attributes, :payload, :children
+
+    def initialize (arg = nil)
+      @parent = nil
+      @size = 0
+      @id = String.new
+      @attributes = Hash.new
+      @payload = String.new
+      @children = Array.new
+
+      case arg
+      when nil
+        # do nothing
+      when Hash
+        arg.each do |key, val|
+          skey = (Fixnum === key and (0..255) === key) ? key.chr : key.to_s
+          sval = (Fixnum === val and (0..255) === val) ? val.chr : val.to_s
+          case skey
+          when 'id'
+            @id = sval
+          when 'payload'
+            @payload = sval
+          else
+            @attributes[skey] = sval
+          end
+        end
+      when IO, StringIO
+        parse(arg)
+      else
+        fail "invalid type: #{arg.class}"
+      end
+    end
+    def parse (io)
+      if String === io
+        return parse(StringIO.new(io))
+      end
+
+      @size = decode_num(io)
+      id_size = decode_num(io)
+      @id = io.read(id_size)
+      unless @id and @id.size == id_size
+        fail "failed to read #{'0x%x' % id_size} bytes"
+      end
+      nb_attributes = decode_num(io)
+      @attributes = Hash.new
+      nb_attributes.times do
+        key_size = decode_num(io)
+        key = io.read(key_size)
+        unless key and key.size == key_size
+          fail "failed to read #{'0x%x' % key_size} bytes" 
+        end
+        value_size = decode_num(io)
+        value = io.read(value_size)
+        unless value and value.size == value_size
+          fail "failed to read #{'0x%x' % value_size} bytes"
+        end
+        @attributes[key] = value
+      end
+      payload_size = decode_num(io)
+      @payload = io.read(payload_size)
+      unless @payload and @payload.size == payload_size
+        fail "failed to read #{'0x%x' % payload_size} bytes"
+      end
+      nb_children = decode_num(io)
+      @children = Array.new
+      nb_children.times do
+        @children << Chunk.new(io)
+        @children.last.parent = self
+      end
+      self
+    end
+    def write (io)
+      io << encode_num(@size)
+      io << encode_num(id.size)
+      io << id
+      io << encode_num(@attributes.size)
+      #@attributes.each do |key, value|
+      @attributes.keys.sort.each do |key|
+        value = @attributes[key]
+        io << encode_num(key.size)
+        io << key
+        io << encode_num(value.size)
+        io << value
+      end
+      io << encode_num(@payload.size)
+      io << @payload
+      io << encode_num(@children.size)
+      @children.each do |child|
+        child.write(io)
+      end
+      io
+    end
+    def total_size
+      encode_num(@size).size + @size
+    end
+    def update
+      @size = 0
+      @size += encode_num(@id.size).size
+      @size += @id.size
+      @size += encode_num(@attributes.size).size
+      @attributes.each do |key, value|
+        @size += encode_num(key.size).size
+        @size += key.size
+        @size += encode_num(value.size).size
+        @size += value.size
+      end
+      @size += encode_num(@payload.size).size
+      @size += @payload.size
+      @size += encode_num(@children.size).size
+      @children.each do |child|
+        child.update
+        @size += encode_num(child.size).size
+        @size += child.size
+      end
+      self
+    end
+    def serialize
+      sio = StringIO.new
+      write sio
+      sio.rewind
+      return sio.read
+    end
+    def add_child (chunk)
+      chunk.parent = self
+      @children << chunk
+      self
+    end
+    def << (chunk)
+      case chunk
+      when Array
+        chunk.each do |x|
+          x.parent = self
+          @children << x
+        end
+      when Chunk
+        chunk.parent = self
+        @children << chunk
+      else
+        raise GasError, 'invalid type for appending'
+      end
+      self
+    end
+    def [] (key)
+      skey = (Fixnum === key and (0..255) === key) ? key.chr : key.to_s
+
+      case skey
+      when 'id'
+        id
+      when 'payload'
+        payload
+      else
+        @attributes[skey]
+      end
+    end
+    def []= (key, val)
+      skey = (Fixnum === key and (0..255) === key) ? key.chr : key.to_s
+      sval = (Fixnum === val and (0..255) === val) ? val.chr : val.to_s
+      case skey
+      when 'id'
+        id = sval
+      when 'payload'
+        payload = sval
+      else
+        @attributes[skey] = sval
+      end
+    end
+    def method_missing (meth, *args)
+      case meth.to_s
+      when /=\Z/
+        key = meth.to_s[0..-2]
+        raise GasError, 'invalid arg count' unless args.size == 1
+        self[key] = args.first
+      else
+        return self[meth]
+      end
+      self
+    end
+
+    def test (depth = 0)
+      pi = proc do |data|
+        print('    ' * depth)
+        puts data
+      end
+      pi.call '---'
+      pi.call "id: #{id}"
+      counter = 0
+      #@attributes.each do |key, value|
+      @attributes.keys.sort.each do |key|
+        value = @attributes[key]
+        pi.call "#{counter}: #{key.inspect} => #{value.inspect}"
+        counter += 1
+      end
+      tmp = payload#.strip
+      unless tmp.empty?
+        lines = tmp.split("\n")
+        #lines = lines.map {|l|l.strip}
+        m = lines.collect{|l|l.size}.max
+        m = m > 78 ? 78 : m
+        puts "+" << ('-' * m)
+        lines.each do |line|
+          puts "| " << line
+          #puts "| " << line.inspect[1..-2]
+        end
+        puts "+" << ('-' * m)
+      end
+      @children.each do |child|
+        child.test(depth+1)
+      end
+    end
+
+  end # class Chunk
+
+end # module Gas
+
+class Fixnum
+  include Gas
+  def to_gas
+    encode_num(self)
+  end
+end

metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification 
+name: kuro7-gas
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+  version: 1.0.0
+platform: ruby
+authors: 
+- Blanton Black
+autorequire: 
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+
+date: 2008-07-10 00:00:00 -07:00
+default_executable: 
+dependencies: []
+
+description: extensible binary meta-container
+email: 
+executables: []
+
+extensions: []
+
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+
+files: 
+- LICENSE
+- NOTICE
+- README
+- lib/gas.rb
+has_rdoc: true
+homepage: http://gas.gekkoware.net/
+post_install_message: 
+rdoc_options: []
+
+require_paths: 
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement 
+  requirements: 
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+      version: "0"
+  version: 
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement 
+  requirements: 
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+      version: "0"
+  version: 
+requirements: []
+
+rubyforge_project: 
+rubygems_version: 1.2.0
+signing_key: 
+specification_version: 2
+summary: extensible binary meta-container
+test_files: []
+