houndstooth 0.1.0
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- checksums.yaml +7 -0
- data/.gitignore +5 -0
- data/.rspec +1 -0
- data/.ruby-version +1 -0
- data/Gemfile +11 -0
- data/Gemfile.lock +49 -0
- data/README.md +99 -0
- data/bin/houndstooth.rb +183 -0
- data/fuzz/cases/x.rb +8 -0
- data/fuzz/cases/y.rb +8 -0
- data/fuzz/cases/z.rb +22 -0
- data/fuzz/ruby.dict +64 -0
- data/fuzz/run +21 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/builder.rb +260 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/type_parser.rb +149 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/basic/type.rb +85 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/basic/type_instance.rb +54 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/compound/union_type.rb +72 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/defined/base_defined_type.rb +23 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/defined/defined_type.rb +137 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/defined/pending_defined_type.rb +14 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/method/method.rb +79 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/method/method_type.rb +144 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/method/parameters.rb +53 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/method/special_constructor_method.rb +15 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/special/instance_type.rb +9 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/special/self_type.rb +9 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/special/type_parameter_placeholder.rb +38 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/special/untyped_type.rb +11 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types/special/void_type.rb +12 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment/types.rb +3 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/environment.rb +74 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/errors.rb +53 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/instructions.rb +698 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/interpreter/const_internal.rb +148 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/interpreter/objects.rb +142 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/interpreter/runtime.rb +309 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/interpreter.rb +7 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/control_flow.rb +218 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/definitions.rb +253 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/identifiers.rb +308 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/keywords.rb +45 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/literals.rb +226 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/operators.rb +126 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/parameters.rb +108 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/send.rb +349 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node/super.rb +12 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/semantic_node.rb +119 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/stdlib.rb +6 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth/type_checker.rb +462 -0
- data/lib/houndstooth.rb +53 -0
- data/spec/ast_to_node_spec.rb +889 -0
- data/spec/environment_spec.rb +323 -0
- data/spec/instructions_spec.rb +291 -0
- data/spec/integration_spec.rb +785 -0
- data/spec/interpreter_spec.rb +170 -0
- data/spec/self_spec.rb +7 -0
- data/spec/spec_helper.rb +50 -0
- data/test/ruby_interpreter_test.rb +162 -0
- data/types/stdlib.htt +170 -0
- metadata +110 -0
checksums.yaml
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---
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SHA256:
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metadata.gz: 0febf254b01185f48cc75c1fc717a524e90dedaebbcbf156b4db2da8f2c6cc4d
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data.tar.gz: 7d553f1ad85674e0fd5286a9c0414c5c0dfd72ba8e6ae7a648ace0f2fe566222
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SHA512:
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metadata.gz: bfd945c4d810464e80e389711cc7e8eb367688a7a76c6fd5db1da45e5a509163d3d7dbe1f54d97339913620205134848522304a8c21a19fe1c03dcc41f284cc0
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data.tar.gz: abfb4d5da0b0232d2279b47d1be19dd4b4935a0f6949679e345f27eb06420eecbb1c26bf1af52ff58c9c8ff8d3254e99544d252ed4febc728d4bf25fc32ffa24
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data/.gitignore
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data/.rspec
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--require spec_helper
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data/.ruby-version
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3.0.3
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data/Gemfile
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data/Gemfile.lock
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GIT
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remote: https://github.com/richo/afl-ruby.git
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revision: cbaad7a5fadca7b1617a211d571f7badc80fec82
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specs:
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afl (0.0.3)
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GEM
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remote: https://rubygems.org/
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specs:
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ast (2.4.2)
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diff-lcs (1.5.0)
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docile (1.4.0)
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optimist (3.0.1)
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parser (3.1.0.0)
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ast (~> 2.4.1)
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rbs (2.1.0)
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rspec (3.10.0)
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rspec-core (~> 3.10.0)
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rspec-expectations (~> 3.10.0)
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rspec-mocks (~> 3.10.0)
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rspec-core (3.10.2)
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rspec-support (~> 3.10.0)
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rspec-expectations (3.10.2)
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diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
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rspec-support (~> 3.10.0)
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rspec-mocks (3.10.3)
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diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
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rspec-support (~> 3.10.0)
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rspec-support (3.10.3)
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simplecov (0.21.2)
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docile (~> 1.1)
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simplecov-html (~> 0.11)
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simplecov_json_formatter (~> 0.1)
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simplecov-html (0.12.3)
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simplecov_json_formatter (0.1.3)
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PLATFORMS
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arm64-darwin-21
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DEPENDENCIES
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afl!
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optimist
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parser
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rbs
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rspec
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simplecov
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BUNDLED WITH
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2.2.22
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data/README.md
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# Houndstooth
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Houndstooth is a **highly-experimental Ruby static type checker**, which is uniquely
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**metaprogramming-aware**.
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Houndstooth was created for my final-year project at the University of York. It is far from
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production-ready, and should be treated here as a proof-of-concept!
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Here's an annotated example of what this enables you to do:
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```ruby
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#!var @name String
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#!var @graduate Boolean
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class Student
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#!arg String
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attr_reader :name
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# Now we'd like to define an accessor for our boolean variable, @graduate. But we usually like
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# methods returning a boolean to end in ?, so we can't use `attr_accessor`.
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# Instead, let's define our own helper, `bool_accessor`
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#: (Symbol) -> void
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#!const required
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# ^ This special annotation means, "hey, type checker - you need to check out what this does!"
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def self.bool_accessor(name)
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# Define our method #<name>?
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#!arg Boolean
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attr_reader "#{name}?".to_sym
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# ...and also define a normal writer, #<name>=
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#!arg Boolean
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attr_writer name
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end
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# Now use our neat new helper
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bool_accessor :graduate
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#: (String) -> void
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def initialize(name)
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@name = name
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@graduate = false
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end
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end
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# The type checker sees those `graduate?` and `graduate=` definitions, even though they were
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# dynamic!
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s = Student.new("Aaron")
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s.graduate? # => false
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s.graduate = true
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s.graduate? # => true
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```
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It even understands control flow such as loops:
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```ruby
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class Adder
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1000.times do |i,|
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#!arg Integer
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#!arg Integer
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# ^ These annotations are the parameter type (first one) and return type (second one)
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define_method :"add_#{i}" do |input,|
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i + input
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end
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end
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end
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# Now we can add to our heart's content
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a = Adder.new
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x = a.add_123(a.add_5(3))
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```
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Houndstooth includes a minimal Ruby interpreter capable of evaluating a pure and deterministic
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subset of the language. Using this, it executes portions of your codebase to discover methods which
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will be dynamically defined at runtime.
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All methods can optionally be tagged, either as:
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- _const_, which means they _can_ be executed by the interpreter. Such methods include `Integer#+`,
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`Array#each`, and `String#length`.
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- _const-internal_, which means they **must** be executed by the interpreter wherever they appear
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in your codebase. These are your metaprogramming methods, like `define_method` and `attr_reader`.
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The strict requirements of const-internal mean that Houndstooth's interpreter is guaranteed to
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discover any invocations of metaprogramming, and therefore knows about the entire environment of
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your program.
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Thanks to this tagging mechanism, it becomes a type error to write definitions which are not
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guaranteed to exist at runtime, or depend on non-deterministic data:
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```ruby
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class A
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# This is a type error!
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# Cannot call non-const method `rand` on `#<interpreter object: <Eigen:Kernel>>` from const context
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if Kernel.rand > 0.5
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#: () -> void
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def x; end
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end
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end
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```
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data/bin/houndstooth.rb
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require 'optimist'
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require 'afl'
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require_relative '../lib/houndstooth'
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options = Optimist::options do
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banner "Houndstooth: A Ruby type checker"
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opt :file, "file to type check", type: :string, short: :f
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opt :code, "code string to type check", type: :string, short: :e
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opt :no_stdlib, "don't load stdlib types (for debugging - almost guaranteed to cause weird problems!)", short: :s
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opt :fatal_interpreter, "exit on first interpreter error, and print internal backtrace", short: :x
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opt :debug_nodes, "print parsed node tree", short: :none
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opt :debug_environment, "print known types and methods", short: :none
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opt :debug_instructions, "print generated instructions", short: :none
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opt :debug_type_changes, "print instructions after type changes", short: :none
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opt :verbose_instructions, "show more detail in instruction debug views", short: :none
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opt :instrument, "AFL instrumentation", short: :none
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end
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def main(options)
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$cli_options = options
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# Checks if there are any errors. If so, prints them and aborts.
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def abort_on_error!
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if Houndstooth::Errors.errors.any?
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Houndstooth::Errors.errors.each do |error|
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puts error.format
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puts
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end
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# The fuzzer will view an abort as a crash, so if we're running under instrumentation,
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# exit gracefully here
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l = Houndstooth::Errors.errors.length
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if $cli_options[:instrument]
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puts "Exiting with #{l} error#{l == 1 ? '' : 's'}."
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puts "Running with instrumentation, so exit is just a jump."
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puts "THIS WILL NOT RESULT IN AN ERROR EXIT CODE."
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throw :afl_exit
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else
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abort "Exiting with #{l} error#{l == 1 ? '' : 's'}."
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end
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end
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end
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# Create an environment with stdlib types
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env = Houndstooth::Environment.new
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# Load and parse code from file
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if options[:file]
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unless File.exist?(options[:file])
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Houndstooth::Errors::Error.new("File '#{options[:file]}' does not exist", []).push
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abort_on_error!
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end
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begin
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code = File.read(options[:file])
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rescue => e
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Houndstooth::Errors::Error.new("Error reading file: #{e}", []).push
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abort_on_error!
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end
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elsif options[:code]
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code = options[:code]
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else
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puts "
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███████▖ ▀██
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████████▙▖ ▜
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██████▌▜██▄ HOUNDSTOOTH
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██████▌ ▝▜██▖ A Ruby type checker
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▝██▙▖
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▀██▙ -f/--file: Check file
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▙ ▝▜█▌ -e/--code: Check string
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██▄ ▝▌
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"
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exit 1
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end
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if options[:no_stdlib]
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htt_files = []
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else
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htt_files = [["stdlib.htt", File.read(File.join(__dir__, '..', 'types', 'stdlib.htt'))]]
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end
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# Parse and run builder over all files
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all_nodes = [[options[:file] || 'inline code', code], *htt_files].map do |name, contents|
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Houndstooth.process_file(name, contents, env)
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end
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node = all_nodes[0]
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abort_on_error!
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if options[:debug_nodes]
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puts "------ Nodes ------"
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pp node
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puts "-------------------"
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end
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# Resolve environment
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env.resolve_all_pending_types
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abort_on_error!
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if options[:debug_environment]
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puts "--- Environment ---"
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env.types.each do |_, t|
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puts t.path
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if t.type_instance_variables.any?
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puts " Vars:"
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t.type_instance_variables.each do |k, v|
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puts " #{k}: #{v.rbs}"
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end
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end
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t.instance_methods.each do |m|
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puts " #{m.name}"
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# Don't try to print special `new`
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if m.is_a?(Houndstooth::Environment::SpecialConstructorMethod)
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puts " <special constructor>"
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else
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m.signatures.each do |s|
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puts " #{s.rbs}"
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end
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end
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end
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puts
|
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end
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puts "-------------------"
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end
|
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# Create a new instruction block and populate it
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# TODO: this is probably not how it'll be done in the final thing - we need to do this to individual
|
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# methods, probably, or just ignore definitions? Don't know!
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block = Houndstooth::Instructions::InstructionBlock.new(has_scope: true, parent: nil)
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node.to_instructions(block)
|
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env.types["__HoundstoothMain"] = Houndstooth::Environment::DefinedType.new(path: "__HoundstoothMain")
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abort_on_error!
|
135
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|
136
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if options[:debug_instructions]
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puts "-- Instructions ---"
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puts block.to_assembly
|
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puts "-------------------"
|
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end
|
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|
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# Run the interpreter
|
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runtime = Houndstooth::Interpreter::Runtime.new(env: env)
|
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|
+
runtime.execute_from_top_level(block)
|
145
|
+
abort_on_error!
|
146
|
+
|
147
|
+
# That could have printed due to const-internal `puts` etc - if it did, print a divider
|
148
|
+
puts "--- end of const stdout ---" if $const_printed
|
149
|
+
|
150
|
+
# Type check the instruction block
|
151
|
+
checker = Houndstooth::TypeChecker.new(env)
|
152
|
+
checker.process_block(
|
153
|
+
block,
|
154
|
+
lexical_context: Houndstooth::Environment::BaseDefinedType.new,
|
155
|
+
self_type: env.types["__HoundstoothMain"],
|
156
|
+
const_context: false,
|
157
|
+
type_parameters: [],
|
158
|
+
)
|
159
|
+
|
160
|
+
if options[:debug_type_changes]
|
161
|
+
puts "--- Inst. Types ---"
|
162
|
+
puts block.to_assembly
|
163
|
+
puts "-------------------"
|
164
|
+
end
|
165
|
+
abort_on_error!
|
166
|
+
|
167
|
+
# Yay!
|
168
|
+
puts "All good!"
|
169
|
+
end
|
170
|
+
|
171
|
+
if options[:instrument]
|
172
|
+
puts "== Instrumentation enabled =="
|
173
|
+
AFL.init
|
174
|
+
AFL.with_logging_to_file("/tmp/houndstooth-afl") do
|
175
|
+
catch :afl_exit do
|
176
|
+
AFL.with_exceptions_as_crashes do
|
177
|
+
main(options)
|
178
|
+
end
|
179
|
+
end
|
180
|
+
end
|
181
|
+
else
|
182
|
+
main(options)
|
183
|
+
end
|
data/fuzz/cases/x.rb
ADDED
data/fuzz/cases/y.rb
ADDED
data/fuzz/cases/z.rb
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|
1
|
+
|
2
|
+
class Translator
|
3
|
+
#: (String, String) -> String
|
4
|
+
def translate(text, language)
|
5
|
+
"#{text} in #{language} is..."
|
6
|
+
end
|
7
|
+
|
8
|
+
#!arg String
|
9
|
+
[
|
10
|
+
"english", "french", "german", "japanese",
|
11
|
+
"spanish", "urdu", "korean", "hungarian",
|
12
|
+
].each do |lang,|
|
13
|
+
#!arg String
|
14
|
+
#!arg String
|
15
|
+
define_method(:"to_#{lang}") do |s,|
|
16
|
+
translate(s, lang)
|
17
|
+
end
|
18
|
+
end
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
t = Translator.new
|
22
|
+
x = t.to_german("Hello")
|
data/fuzz/ruby.dict
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Derived from the Sorbet fuzzer dictionary, with modifications to use Houndstooth type syntax
|
2
|
+
|
3
|
+
# keywords
|
4
|
+
"begin"
|
5
|
+
"end"
|
6
|
+
"def"
|
7
|
+
"class"
|
8
|
+
"module"
|
9
|
+
"do"
|
10
|
+
"if"
|
11
|
+
"else"
|
12
|
+
"elsif"
|
13
|
+
"until"
|
14
|
+
"unless"
|
15
|
+
"for"
|
16
|
+
"while"
|
17
|
+
"rescue"
|
18
|
+
"case"
|
19
|
+
"when"
|
20
|
+
"yield"
|
21
|
+
"next"
|
22
|
+
"break"
|
23
|
+
"return"
|
24
|
+
"super"
|
25
|
+
"ensure"
|
26
|
+
"in"
|
27
|
+
"redo"
|
28
|
+
"retry"
|
29
|
+
|
30
|
+
|
31
|
+
# common values
|
32
|
+
"true"
|
33
|
+
"false"
|
34
|
+
"Integer"
|
35
|
+
"String"
|
36
|
+
"Array"
|
37
|
+
"Numeric"
|
38
|
+
"Object"
|
39
|
+
"BasicObject"
|
40
|
+
"nil"
|
41
|
+
|
42
|
+
|
43
|
+
# types
|
44
|
+
"self"
|
45
|
+
"instance"
|
46
|
+
"void"
|
47
|
+
"untyped"
|
48
|
+
|
49
|
+
|
50
|
+
# interesting stuff
|
51
|
+
"new"
|
52
|
+
"extend"
|
53
|
+
"include"
|
54
|
+
"is_a?"
|
55
|
+
"self"
|
56
|
+
"raise"
|
57
|
+
"initialize"
|
58
|
+
"&&"
|
59
|
+
"||"
|
60
|
+
|
61
|
+
|
62
|
+
# Metaprogramming
|
63
|
+
"define_method"
|
64
|
+
"attr_accessor"
|
data/fuzz/run
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
|
1
|
+
#!/bin/bash
|
2
|
+
set -e
|
3
|
+
|
4
|
+
SCRIPTPATH="$( cd -- "$(dirname "$0")" >/dev/null 2>&1 ; pwd -P )"
|
5
|
+
if [ -d "$SCRIPTPATH/out/latest" ]
|
6
|
+
then
|
7
|
+
echo "out/latest directory already exists!"
|
8
|
+
echo "Delete it to perform another fuzzer run."
|
9
|
+
exit 1
|
10
|
+
fi
|
11
|
+
|
12
|
+
# gitignored, so a fresh clone won't have this
|
13
|
+
mkdir -p "$SCRIPTPATH/out"
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
AFL_NO_FORKSRV=1 AFL_SKIP_BIN_CHECK=1 \
|
16
|
+
bundle exec afl-fuzz \
|
17
|
+
-i "$SCRIPTPATH/cases" \
|
18
|
+
-o "$SCRIPTPATH/out/latest" \
|
19
|
+
-m 5000 \
|
20
|
+
-x "$SCRIPTPATH/ruby.dict" \
|
21
|
+
-- ruby bin/houndstooth.rb --instrument -f @@
|