hackety_hack-lessons 0.0.1

data/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+*.swp
+*.gem
+*.rbc
+.bundle
+.config
+.yardoc
+Gemfile.lock
+InstalledFiles
+_yardoc
+coverage
+doc/
+lib/bundler/man
+pkg
+rdoc
+spec/reports
+test/tmp
+test/version_tmp
+tmp

data/Gemfile

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+# Specify your gem's dependencies in hackety_hack-lessons.gemspec
+gemspec

data/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Copyright (c) 2012 Steve Klabnik
+
+MIT License
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# HacketyHack::Lessons
+
+TODO: Write a gem description
+
+## Installation
+
+Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
+
+    gem 'hackety_hack-lessons'
+
+And then execute:
+
+    $ bundle
+
+Or install it yourself as:
+
+    $ gem install hackety_hack-lessons
+
+## Usage
+
+TODO: Write usage instructions here
+
+## Contributing
+
+1. Fork it
+2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Added some feature'`)
+4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+5. Create new Pull Request

data/Rakefile

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env rake
+require "bundler/gem_tasks"

data/content/data_types.md

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+# Data Types
+
+## This is where it starts getting fun!
+
+### Let's get started
+
+Awesome! Glad to see you here! You're going to learn some great things in this
+lesson. Ruby has a few different ways to manipulate data, and you're going to
+play with them!
+
+Click the icon like this (on the bottom of the screen) to get started:
+
+![Not this one! The one below!](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+
+### Lesson Controls
+
+Before we move on, Here's a refresher on the controls you can use to move around
+in the Lesson.
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_left)
+__back__: goes back one page
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+__continue__: goes to the next page
+
+![](/icon_button/menu)
+__menu__: makes it easy to jump around to any lesson
+
+![](/icon_button/x)
+__close__: closes the tutor
+
+Don't forget! Press this to move to the next part:
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+
+Have at it!
+
+## Strings
+
+### You've got this down!
+
+_String_s are something you already know about! Let's refresh your memory.
+
+Basically, Strings let you manipulate a bunch of characters. It's sort of like
+writing something down: and often, Strings are used for handling input and
+output. Check it out:
+
+    name = "Steve"
+    alert name
+
+This should be familliar. If it isn't you may want to go review the Basic Ruby
+lesson before moving on. Gotta learn the basics before you can understand the
+hard stuff!
+
+### Concatawhat?
+
+Here's a big word for you: __concatenation__. It's a mouthful, but luckily for
+you, it means something really simple: 
+
+    first_name = "Steve"
+    last_name = "Klabnik"
+    alert first_name + last_name
+
+See what I mean by addition? The _+_ lets us __concatenate__ the two Strings
+together. The first name goes up front, and the last name goes in the back. Nice
+and easy.
+
+### Interpawho?
+
+Okay, since you did so well with that word, I'm going to throw another one at
+you, while you're still trying to recover: __interpolation__. It kinda means
+'put into.' See if this makes sense:
+
+    first_name = "Steve"
+    alert "The first name is #{first_name}".
+
+Whoah! What's up with that? Try running it, and see what it does.
+
+### They're like pincers
+
+Terrible analogy alert: See that { and its partner in crime, }? These two _curly
+braces_ are like the pincers of some strange species of crab. You can put
+whatever you want between them, and they hold your info in place in the middle
+of a string.
+
+
+Oh, and the # (a _hash_), is a funky hat the crab wears. Or something. I dunno.
+Point is, you need all three parts, #{} and something in the middle. And that's
+__interpolation__.
+
+## Arrays
+
+### The 411
+
+### Concatination
+
+### A short shout-out to Modules
+
+### Not a treasure map...
+
+### Gotta collect 'em all!
+
+## Hashes
+
+### A slightly different Array
+
+## Putting them together
+
+### Arrays of Arrays
+
+### Arrays of hashes
+
+### Hashes of hashes
+
+### Hashes of Arrays
+
+## Summary
+
+### Good job!
+
+Awesome! You should be prepared to play around with all kinds of data now. Keep
+up all the good work!

data/content/datastrucs.md

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# Beginner Data Structures
+
+## Hello there!
+
+### Let's get started
+
+Welcome to your first lesson about Data Structures!  Now that you know how to
+obtain data with Ruby you're also going to be able to store it in collections. 
+Arrays and Hashes are two key classes in Ruby that are able to help with 
+storing your data!  Let's get going!
+
+Click the icon like this (on the bottom of the screen) to get started:
+
+![Not this one! The one below!](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+
+### Lesson Controls
+
+Before we move on, Here's a refresher on the controls you can use to move around
+in the Lesson.
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_left)
+__back__: goes back one page
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+__continue__: goes to the next page
+
+![](/icon_button/menu)
+__menu__: makes it easy to jump around to any lesson
+
+![](/icon_button/x)
+__close__: closes the tutor
+
+Don't forget! Press this to move to the next part:
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+
+Have at it!
+
+### What are Arrays?
+
+An array can be thought of as a dresser where each drawer is a numbered spot. 
+This  dresser is a collection of slots where one thing can be in each place. 
+Arrays  are  used to store data like numbers, strings, or even other Arrays! 
+Ruby makes it really easy  to create and store things inside of them.  Let's get
+going!
+
+### What can we do with them?
+
+    my_array = [1,2,"shoes"]
+
+Try typing this and press the Run button.
+
+You created an array with the numbers 1, 2, and the string 'shoes' in it. 
+Things in the array can be gotten by typing the array's variable name
+(`my_array`) and square brackets (`[]`) with a number inside of the brackets. 
+This number can be though of as the address to that spot in the array.  It's
+good to remember that arrays start at 0 in Ruby.
+
+    alert my_array[0]
+
+What thing in the array are you going to get back?  Type this in and press the
+'Run' button.
+
+### Arrays in action!
+
+When using Arrays we need to know a few things first.  Arrays in Ruby can expand
+to the size that you need them.  So if you wanted to put the string 'cat' at
+spot 99(which would be the 100th item in the array) we could put: 
+
+    my_array[99] = "cat"
+
+If there is nothing in a spot you will have 'nil' filling it.
+
+If we wanted to print out everything in an array we could do something like
+this: 
+
+    my_new_array = ["cat","dog","mouse"]
+
+Then we would put: 
+
+    my_new_array.each {|animal| alert animal}
+
+Type this all in and press the 'Run' button.
+
+### Arrays in even more action!
+
+We've seen what we can do with arrays, but what other things can they do to help
+us?  What if we had an array of numbers and we wanted to sort it?  Try typing
+this this and running it: 
+
+    num_array = [4,3,22,19,100,45]
+
+    alert num_array.sort
+
+That was really easy to sort it from lowest to highest!  What if we want it from
+highest to lowest though?  Type this in next and press the 'Run' button.
+
+    alert num_array.reverse
+
+The array class has so many methods that you can call upon it.  Take a look on
+the Ruby API: http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/classes/Array.html
+
+## The Hash
+
+### What are Hashes?
+
+Now that we've gotten an introduction to Arrays we can also learn about Hashes! 
+Hashes in other languages are sometimes called Dictionaries.  Well, what do they
+do?  Like in a dictionary you are able to look up a word or 'key' which
+corresponds to a 'value'.  You separate the key and value with a hashrocket
+(=>).  Just like Arrays you can access a certain key  by typing the hashes
+variable name and the key in square brackets ([]).    Let's try working with a
+hash!
+
+    my_hash = { "dog" => "puppy", "cat" => "kitten" }
+
+    alert my_hash["dog"]
+
+Try typing this all in and press the 'Run' button!
+
+### Working with Hashes
+
+So what else are we able to do with hashes?  Let's try something will help us
+see if something is in the hash as a key or value  The methods `has_key?` and
+`has_value?` are exactly what we're looking for!
+
+    new_hash = { "1" => "one", "2" => "two"}
+
+    alert new_hash.has_key?("1")
+
+    alert new_hash.has_value?("one")
+
+Try typing these in and press the 'Run' button for each of the methods!
+
+### Let's tie these Hashes and Arrays together!
+
+We've looked at two different data structures that are able to hold data for us
+and let us access certain parts of the collections.  Both Arrays and Hashes are
+commonly used by programmers and are great to  have knowledge about!  Both of
+these data structures have so many methods that can be read about in the  Ruby
+Documentation: http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/.  Now with Arrays and Hashes you
+should be able to keep your data organized and usable!

data/content/programming.md

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+# Beginner Programming
+
+## Hello there!
+
+### Round One
+
+So, you'd like to learn how to hack code with the best of 'em, eh? Well, you've
+come to the right place. This is the very first lesson I have to share with you.
+It all starts here.
+
+I want to get you started off on the best possible foot with making programs, so
+we'll start off by talking a little bit about what programming is, and then
+we'll write some basic programs to draw fun things on the screen. Sound good?
+Off we go!
+
+Click the icon like this (on the bottom of the screen) to get started:
+
+![Not this one! The one below!](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+
+### Lesson Controls
+
+Before we move on, Here's a refresher on the controls you can use to move around
+in the Lesson.
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_left)
+__back__: goes back one page
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+__continue__: goes to the next page
+
+![](/icon_button/menu)
+__menu__: makes it easy to jump around to any lesson
+
+![](/icon_button/x)
+__close__: closes the tutor
+
+Don't forget! Press this to move to the next part:
+
+![](/icon_button/arrow_right)
+
+Have at it!
+
+## Let's talk about programming
+
+### It's all about instructions
+
+When you get down to it, programming is all about __algorithms__. That's a big
+fancy word for 'a list of instructions.' Every program is simply a big to-do
+list of instructions for the computer to follow.
+
+You can turn almost anything into a list of instructions if you really think
+about it. Most of the time, you've got so much practice at doing things that you
+don't even think about these individual steps. You just do them. It's very
+natural.
+
+### The computer is simple
+
+Unfortunately, computers are actually quite simple. This may be contrary to
+everything you've ever heard, but it's the truth. Even though we compare
+computers to things like our brains, it's a really poor analogy. What computers
+are actually really good at is performing simple, boring things over and over
+again very accurately. They can't think for themselves!
+
+This is why computers appear to be complex. They blindly follow whatever orders
+they're given, without any thought about how those instructions are good or bad.
+It's hard to think in such simple terms!
+
+### Explain yourself well
+
+It's important to remember that you have to fully explain yourself to the
+computer when you're programming. It can't figure out what you're trying to say,
+so you have to say what you mean!
+
+This takes some practice, so we're going to start off with some exercises in
+explaining ourselves in very basic terms. It's almost like trying to explain
+math to a young child: you have to go slowly, triple check your work, and have
+some patience when it just doesn't quite get it.
+
+## Lists of Instructions
+
+### A to-do list, not a shopping list
+
+When I say that computers follow lists of instructions, I mean a to-do list, not
+a shopping list. What I'm trying to say is that these lists have an __order__ to
+them that the computer follows. It does each step in turn as quickly as it
+possibly can.
+
+A shopping list is a different kind of list entirely. You can go to whichever
+aisle you choose, and as long as you get everything before you leave, you're
+A-OK. This isn't what the computer does at all.
+
+### How would you tell a person to do it?
+
+Let's try an example: if you had to tell someone in words how to draw a square
+on a piece of paper, how would you do it?
+
+You're not allowed to say "like this" or "this way," that's cheating! You have
+to spell out every detail.
+
+### Once again: computers are simple
+
+How'd you do? I can't see what you said, but here's an example of how simple
+computers are compared to people. Did you forget to mention how long each side
+of the square is? If you didn't good job!
+
+Here's how I'd do it, by the way. This isn't the only right answer, it's just an
+example:
+
+1. Put your pen down on the paper.
+2. Draw right one inch.
+3. Draw down one inch.
+4. Draw left one inch.
+5. Draw up one inch.
+6. Take your pen off of the paper.
+7. Finished!
+
+## Turtles, all the way down.
+
+### Drawing... with turtles?
+
+Okay! Enough of these thinking experiments. Let's actually make something. I bet
+you've been wondering when that was going to start, right? It's really important
+to get the basics down first.
+
+We're going to tell the computer how to draw shapes... with turtles. Yes, you
+heard me right. You're going to have to give these instructions to a turtle.
+
+This particular turtle is carrying a pen. You have a piece of paper. The turtle
+will follow your every word. But the turtle is a bit slow, and needs careful
+instruction. Are you up to it?
+
+### The Turtle and its commands
+
+We have to tell Hackety Hack that we want to tell the Turtle what to do. To do
+that, we have a `Turtle` command. We can tell the `Turtle` two things: 
+
+`draw`: the turtle will follow our instructions at lightning speed, 
+
+`start`: an interactive window will appear, which lets you see the turtle move
+at each step in the program. You can move at your own pace. This is useful if
+the turtle isn't doing what you expect!
+
+Click on the editor tab to get started:
+
+![Not this one, silly! the one on the left!](static/tab-new.png)
+
+### Type it in!
+
+Cool. Now type this: 
+
+    Turtle.draw
+
+The period in between the `Turtle` and the `draw` connects them together.
+Programming languages have rules, just like English has rules! You can think of
+`Turtle` like a subject, and `draw` as a verb. Together, they make a sentence:
+hey turtle, draw me something!
+
+Once you've typed that in, go ahead and click the 'Run' button. The turtle moves
+so quickly in `draw` mode that you won't even see him, but I assure you, he's
+there!
+
+### Do... what I tell you to
+
+Awesome! We've got the turtle going, at least. Now we need to tell it what we
+want to draw!
+
+Remember when we said that all programs are lists of instructions? In this case,
+our program only has one instruction: `Turtle`, draw something! But we need to
+be able to give the `Turtle` its own list of instructions.
+
+To do this, we'll use two words: `do` and `end`. These two words together make
+up a _sublist_ of things, just for the `Turtle`!
+
+### Changing the background
+
+Let's try this: we can tell the `Turtle` that we want to use a different
+background color by using the `background` command. Check it out:
+
+    Turtle.draw do
+      background maroon
+    end
+
+Type this in and click 'Run'!
+
+### The Turtle gets its orders
+
+Cool stuff! The background is now maroon. You can find a full list of colors
+that are supported on the [Shoes
+website](http://shoesrb.com/manual/Colors.html).
+
+This is also how you make lists of instructions for the `Turtle` to follow. To
+make it a little easier to see, programmers will often put two spaces before
+sublists. Get in the habit now, you'll thank me later!
+
+### The pen
+
+Now that we've got a snazzy background color, how do we draw some lines? Well,
+the first thing you need to know about is the pen. The `Turtle` carries a pen
+along, and drags it along the ground behind itself. You can change the color of
+line the pen draws with the `pencolor` command.
+
+## Drawing lines
+
+### Sally forth!
+
+Okay, enough dilly-dallying. Let's tell the turtle to draw a line! Here's my
+line. Give this one a shot, then try your own colors and numbers!
+
+    Turtle.draw do
+      background lightslategray
+      pencolor honeydew
+      forward 50
+    end
+
+50 is the number of pixels to move foward, by the way.
+
+### You spin me right round, baby
+
+Great! So you've got a line. But what if you don't want the `Turtle` to move
+forward? Well, you can tell it to turn by using a `turnleft` or `turnright`
+command, like this:
+
+    Turtle.draw do
+      background lightslategray
+      pencolor honeydew
+      forward 50
+      turnright 90
+      forward 50
+    end
+
+Give that a shot, then play with it a bit!
+
+If you're wondering what 90 means, it's the number of degrees that it'll turn.
+
+### I like to move it, move it
+
+Okay, now we're cooking! Let's break this down again:
+
+`Turtle.draw` tells the `Turtle` we want it to draw some things. The period
+connects the two.
+
+`do ... end` is a sublist of things. This is what we want the `Turtle` to be
+drawing. Not for the rest of our program.
+
+`pencolor` sets the color of the pen the `Turtle` is dragging along behind him,
+and `background` sets the color of the background.
+
+`turnright` (or its buddy `turnleft`) tells the `Turtle` to turn to the right or
+left.
+
+`forward` (or its friend `backward`) tells the `Turtle` to move.
+
+### Let's try drawing that square
+
+Go ahead. Give it a shot. Try to get the `Turtle` to draw a square.
+
+I'll wait. :)
+
+### Here's my version
+
+Here's how I did it:
+
+    Turtle.draw do
+      background lightslategray
+      pencolor honeydew
+      forward 50
+      turnright 90
+      forward 50
+      turnright 90
+      forward 50
+      turnright 90
+      forward 50
+    end
+
+## Repeating ourselves
+
+### Pete and Repeat...
+
+Man, that was a ton of reptition! My fingers almost fell off typing `forward`
+and `turnright` there!
+
+I have good news, though: I mentioned something earlier about computers. It
+turns out that doing boring, repetitive things is something they're really good
+at! They'll do the same thing over and over again, forever even as long as you
+ask nicely.
+
+### Repeating repeating ourselves ourselves
+
+Check it out: our `Turtle` actually knows numbers. For example:
+
+    Turtle.draw do
+      background lightslategray
+      pencolor honeydew
+      4.times do
+        forward 50
+        turnright 90
+      end
+    end
+
+Try running this example. It also draws a square! Wow!
+
+### 4.times
+
+It's pretty easy: `4` can take instructions too, just like our `Turtle`. This
+command repeats a list of instructions that many times. Fun! Four times. And the
+`do` and `end` show which list of instructions go with the `4` rather than with
+the `Turtle`.
+
+### Try it out!
+
+Have a blast: make some fun shapes of your own!
+
+## Summary
+
+### Congratulations!
+
+Wow, you're awesome. Pat yourself on the back. High five someone. You've got
+these basics down!
+
+Check out the _Basic Ruby_ lesson to pick up some totally different and exciting
+things!