govuk_publishing_components 58.1.0 → 58.2.0

data/node_modules/choices.js/src/scripts/choices.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2364 @@
+import { activateChoices, addChoice, removeChoice, filterChoices } from './actions/choices';
+import { addGroup } from './actions/groups';
+import { addItem, highlightItem, removeItem } from './actions/items';
+import { Container, Dropdown, Input, List, WrappedInput, WrappedSelect } from './components';
+import { DEFAULT_CONFIG } from './defaults';
+import { InputChoice } from './interfaces/input-choice';
+import { InputGroup } from './interfaces/input-group';
+import { Options, ObjectsInConfig } from './interfaces/options';
+import { StateChangeSet } from './interfaces/state';
+import {
+  addClassesToElement,
+  diff,
+  escapeForTemplate,
+  generateId,
+  getAdjacentEl,
+  getClassNames,
+  getClassNamesSelector,
+  isScrolledIntoView,
+  removeClassesFromElement,
+  resolveNoticeFunction,
+  resolveStringFunction,
+  sortByRank,
+  strToEl,
+  unwrapStringForEscaped,
+} from './lib/utils';
+import Store from './store/store';
+import { coerceBool, mapInputToChoice } from './lib/choice-input';
+import { ChoiceFull } from './interfaces/choice-full';
+import { GroupFull } from './interfaces/group-full';
+import { EventChoiceValueType, EventType, KeyCodeMap, PassedElementType, PassedElementTypes } from './interfaces';
+import { EventChoice } from './interfaces/event-choice';
+import { NoticeType, NoticeTypes, Templates } from './interfaces/templates';
+import { isHtmlInputElement, isHtmlSelectElement } from './lib/html-guard-statements';
+import { Searcher } from './interfaces/search';
+import { getSearcher } from './search';
+// eslint-disable-next-line import/no-named-default
+import { default as defaultTemplates } from './templates';
+import { canUseDom } from './interfaces/build-flags';
+
+/** @see {@link http://browserhacks.com/#hack-acea075d0ac6954f275a70023906050c} */
+const IS_IE11 =
+  canUseDom &&
+  '-ms-scroll-limit' in document.documentElement.style &&
+  '-ms-ime-align' in document.documentElement.style;
+
+const USER_DEFAULTS: Partial<Options> = {};
+
+const parseDataSetId = (element: HTMLElement | null): number | undefined => {
+  if (!element) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+
+  return element.dataset.id ? parseInt(element.dataset.id, 10) : undefined;
+};
+
+const selectableChoiceIdentifier = '[data-choice-selectable]';
+
+/**
+ * Choices
+ * @author Josh Johnson<josh@joshuajohnson.co.uk>
+ */
+class Choices {
+  static version: string = '__VERSION__';
+
+  static get defaults(): {
+    options: Partial<Options>;
+    allOptions: Options;
+    templates: Templates;
+  } {
+    return Object.preventExtensions({
+      get options(): Partial<Options> {
+        return USER_DEFAULTS;
+      },
+      get allOptions(): Options {
+        return DEFAULT_CONFIG;
+      },
+      get templates(): Templates {
+        return defaultTemplates;
+      },
+    });
+  }
+
+  initialised: boolean;
+
+  initialisedOK?: boolean = undefined;
+
+  config: Options;
+
+  passedElement: WrappedInput | WrappedSelect;
+
+  containerOuter: Container;
+
+  containerInner: Container;
+
+  choiceList: List;
+
+  itemList: List;
+
+  input: Input;
+
+  dropdown: Dropdown;
+
+  _elementType: PassedElementType;
+
+  _isTextElement: boolean;
+
+  _isSelectOneElement: boolean;
+
+  _isSelectMultipleElement: boolean;
+
+  _isSelectElement: boolean;
+
+  _hasNonChoicePlaceholder: boolean = false;
+
+  _canAddUserChoices: boolean;
+
+  _store: Store<Options>;
+
+  _templates: Templates;
+
+  _lastAddedChoiceId: number = 0;
+
+  _lastAddedGroupId: number = 0;
+
+  _currentValue: string;
+
+  _canSearch: boolean;
+
+  _isScrollingOnIe: boolean;
+
+  _highlightPosition: number;
+
+  _wasTap: boolean;
+
+  _isSearching: boolean;
+
+  _placeholderValue: string | null;
+
+  _baseId: string;
+
+  _direction: HTMLElement['dir'];
+
+  _idNames: {
+    itemChoice: string;
+  };
+
+  _presetChoices: (ChoiceFull | GroupFull)[];
+
+  _initialItems: string[];
+
+  _searcher: Searcher<ChoiceFull>;
+
+  _notice?: {
+    type: NoticeType;
+    text: string;
+  };
+
+  _docRoot: ShadowRoot | HTMLElement;
+
+  constructor(
+    element: string | Element | HTMLInputElement | HTMLSelectElement = '[data-choice]',
+    userConfig: Partial<Options> = {},
+  ) {
+    const { defaults } = Choices;
+    this.config = {
+      ...defaults.allOptions,
+      ...defaults.options,
+      ...userConfig,
+    } as Options;
+    ObjectsInConfig.forEach((key) => {
+      this.config[key] = {
+        ...defaults.allOptions[key],
+        ...defaults.options[key],
+        ...userConfig[key],
+      };
+    });
+
+    const { config } = this;
+    if (!config.silent) {
+      this._validateConfig();
+    }
+
+    const docRoot = config.shadowRoot || document.documentElement;
+    this._docRoot = docRoot;
+    const passedElement = typeof element === 'string' ? docRoot.querySelector<HTMLElement>(element) : element;
+
+    if (
+      !passedElement ||
+      typeof passedElement !== 'object' ||
+      !(isHtmlInputElement(passedElement) || isHtmlSelectElement(passedElement))
+    ) {
+      if (!passedElement && typeof element === 'string') {
+        throw TypeError(`Selector ${element} failed to find an element`);
+      }
+      throw TypeError(`Expected one of the following types text|select-one|select-multiple`);
+    }
+
+    let elementType = passedElement.type as PassedElementType;
+    const isText = elementType === PassedElementTypes.Text;
+    if (isText || config.maxItemCount !== 1) {
+      config.singleModeForMultiSelect = false;
+    }
+    if (config.singleModeForMultiSelect) {
+      elementType = PassedElementTypes.SelectMultiple;
+    }
+    const isSelectOne = elementType === PassedElementTypes.SelectOne;
+    const isSelectMultiple = elementType === PassedElementTypes.SelectMultiple;
+    const isSelect = isSelectOne || isSelectMultiple;
+
+    this._elementType = elementType;
+    this._isTextElement = isText;
+    this._isSelectOneElement = isSelectOne;
+    this._isSelectMultipleElement = isSelectMultiple;
+    this._isSelectElement = isSelectOne || isSelectMultiple;
+    this._canAddUserChoices = (isText && config.addItems) || (isSelect && config.addChoices);
+
+    if (typeof config.renderSelectedChoices !== 'boolean') {
+      config.renderSelectedChoices = config.renderSelectedChoices === 'always' || isSelectOne;
+    }
+
+    if (config.closeDropdownOnSelect === 'auto') {
+      config.closeDropdownOnSelect = isText || isSelectOne || config.singleModeForMultiSelect;
+    } else {
+      config.closeDropdownOnSelect = coerceBool(config.closeDropdownOnSelect);
+    }
+
+    if (config.placeholder) {
+      if (config.placeholderValue) {
+        this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder = true;
+      } else if (passedElement.dataset.placeholder) {
+        this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder = true;
+        config.placeholderValue = passedElement.dataset.placeholder;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (userConfig.addItemFilter && typeof userConfig.addItemFilter !== 'function') {
+      const re =
+        userConfig.addItemFilter instanceof RegExp ? userConfig.addItemFilter : new RegExp(userConfig.addItemFilter);
+
+      config.addItemFilter = re.test.bind(re);
+    }
+
+    if (this._isTextElement) {
+      this.passedElement = new WrappedInput({
+        element: passedElement as HTMLInputElement,
+        classNames: config.classNames,
+      });
+    } else {
+      const selectEl = passedElement as HTMLSelectElement;
+      this.passedElement = new WrappedSelect({
+        element: selectEl,
+        classNames: config.classNames,
+        template: (data: ChoiceFull): HTMLOptionElement => this._templates.option(data),
+        extractPlaceholder: config.placeholder && !this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder,
+      });
+    }
+
+    this.initialised = false;
+
+    this._store = new Store(config);
+    this._currentValue = '';
+    config.searchEnabled = (!isText && config.searchEnabled) || isSelectMultiple;
+    this._canSearch = config.searchEnabled;
+    this._isScrollingOnIe = false;
+    this._highlightPosition = 0;
+    this._wasTap = true;
+    this._placeholderValue = this._generatePlaceholderValue();
+    this._baseId = generateId(passedElement, 'choices-');
+
+    /**
+     * setting direction in cases where it's explicitly set on passedElement
+     * or when calculated direction is different from the document
+     */
+    this._direction = passedElement.dir;
+
+    if (canUseDom && !this._direction) {
+      const { direction: elementDirection } = window.getComputedStyle(passedElement);
+      const { direction: documentDirection } = window.getComputedStyle(document.documentElement);
+      if (elementDirection !== documentDirection) {
+        this._direction = elementDirection;
+      }
+    }
+
+    this._idNames = {
+      itemChoice: 'item-choice',
+    };
+
+    this._templates = defaults.templates;
+    this._render = this._render.bind(this);
+    this._onFocus = this._onFocus.bind(this);
+    this._onBlur = this._onBlur.bind(this);
+    this._onKeyUp = this._onKeyUp.bind(this);
+    this._onKeyDown = this._onKeyDown.bind(this);
+    this._onInput = this._onInput.bind(this);
+    this._onClick = this._onClick.bind(this);
+    this._onTouchMove = this._onTouchMove.bind(this);
+    this._onTouchEnd = this._onTouchEnd.bind(this);
+    this._onMouseDown = this._onMouseDown.bind(this);
+    this._onMouseOver = this._onMouseOver.bind(this);
+    this._onFormReset = this._onFormReset.bind(this);
+    this._onSelectKey = this._onSelectKey.bind(this);
+    this._onEnterKey = this._onEnterKey.bind(this);
+    this._onEscapeKey = this._onEscapeKey.bind(this);
+    this._onDirectionKey = this._onDirectionKey.bind(this);
+    this._onDeleteKey = this._onDeleteKey.bind(this);
+
+    // If element has already been initialised with Choices, fail silently
+    if (this.passedElement.isActive) {
+      if (!config.silent) {
+        console.warn('Trying to initialise Choices on element already initialised', { element });
+      }
+
+      this.initialised = true;
+      this.initialisedOK = false;
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Let's go
+    this.init();
+    // preserve the selected item list after setup for form reset
+    this._initialItems = this._store.items.map((choice) => choice.value);
+  }
+
+  init(): void {
+    if (this.initialised || this.initialisedOK !== undefined) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this._searcher = getSearcher<ChoiceFull>(this.config);
+    this._loadChoices();
+    this._createTemplates();
+    this._createElements();
+    this._createStructure();
+
+    if (
+      (this._isTextElement && !this.config.addItems) ||
+      this.passedElement.element.hasAttribute('disabled') ||
+      !!this.passedElement.element.closest('fieldset:disabled')
+    ) {
+      this.disable();
+    } else {
+      this.enable();
+      this._addEventListeners();
+    }
+
+    // should be triggered **after** disabled state to avoid additional re-draws
+    this._initStore();
+
+    this.initialised = true;
+    this.initialisedOK = true;
+
+    const { callbackOnInit } = this.config;
+    // Run callback if it is a function
+    if (typeof callbackOnInit === 'function') {
+      callbackOnInit.call(this);
+    }
+  }
+
+  destroy(): void {
+    if (!this.initialised) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this._removeEventListeners();
+    this.passedElement.reveal();
+    this.containerOuter.unwrap(this.passedElement.element);
+
+    this._store._listeners = []; // prevents select/input value being wiped
+    this.clearStore(false);
+    this._stopSearch();
+
+    this._templates = Choices.defaults.templates;
+    this.initialised = false;
+    this.initialisedOK = undefined;
+  }
+
+  enable(): this {
+    if (this.passedElement.isDisabled) {
+      this.passedElement.enable();
+    }
+
+    if (this.containerOuter.isDisabled) {
+      this._addEventListeners();
+      this.input.enable();
+      this.containerOuter.enable();
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  disable(): this {
+    if (!this.passedElement.isDisabled) {
+      this.passedElement.disable();
+    }
+
+    if (!this.containerOuter.isDisabled) {
+      this._removeEventListeners();
+      this.input.disable();
+      this.containerOuter.disable();
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  highlightItem(item: InputChoice, runEvent = true): this {
+    if (!item || !item.id) {
+      return this;
+    }
+    const choice = this._store.items.find((c) => c.id === item.id);
+    if (!choice || choice.highlighted) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    this._store.dispatch(highlightItem(choice, true));
+
+    if (runEvent) {
+      this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.highlightItem, this._getChoiceForOutput(choice));
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  unhighlightItem(item: InputChoice, runEvent = true): this {
+    if (!item || !item.id) {
+      return this;
+    }
+    const choice = this._store.items.find((c) => c.id === item.id);
+    if (!choice || !choice.highlighted) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    this._store.dispatch(highlightItem(choice, false));
+
+    if (runEvent) {
+      this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.unhighlightItem, this._getChoiceForOutput(choice));
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  highlightAll(): this {
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      this._store.items.forEach((item) => {
+        if (!item.highlighted) {
+          this._store.dispatch(highlightItem(item, true));
+
+          this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.highlightItem, this._getChoiceForOutput(item));
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  unhighlightAll(): this {
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      this._store.items.forEach((item) => {
+        if (item.highlighted) {
+          this._store.dispatch(highlightItem(item, false));
+
+          this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.highlightItem, this._getChoiceForOutput(item));
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  removeActiveItemsByValue(value: string): this {
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      this._store.items.filter((item) => item.value === value).forEach((item) => this._removeItem(item));
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  removeActiveItems(excludedId?: number): this {
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      this._store.items.filter(({ id }) => id !== excludedId).forEach((item) => this._removeItem(item));
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  removeHighlightedItems(runEvent = false): this {
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      this._store.highlightedActiveItems.forEach((item) => {
+        this._removeItem(item);
+        // If this action was performed by the user
+        // trigger the event
+        if (runEvent) {
+          this._triggerChange(item.value);
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  showDropdown(preventInputFocus?: boolean): this {
+    if (this.dropdown.isActive) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    if (preventInputFocus === undefined) {
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
+      preventInputFocus = !this._canSearch;
+    }
+
+    requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+      this.dropdown.show();
+      const rect = this.dropdown.element.getBoundingClientRect();
+      this.containerOuter.open(rect.bottom, rect.height);
+
+      if (!preventInputFocus) {
+        this.input.focus();
+      }
+
+      this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.showDropdown);
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  hideDropdown(preventInputBlur?: boolean): this {
+    if (!this.dropdown.isActive) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+      this.dropdown.hide();
+      this.containerOuter.close();
+
+      if (!preventInputBlur && this._canSearch) {
+        this.input.removeActiveDescendant();
+        this.input.blur();
+      }
+
+      this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.hideDropdown);
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  getValue<B extends boolean = false>(valueOnly?: B): EventChoiceValueType<B> | EventChoiceValueType<B>[] {
+    const values = this._store.items.map((item) => {
+      return (valueOnly ? item.value : this._getChoiceForOutput(item)) as EventChoiceValueType<B>;
+    });
+
+    return this._isSelectOneElement || this.config.singleModeForMultiSelect ? values[0] : values;
+  }
+
+  setValue(items: string[] | InputChoice[]): this {
+    if (!this.initialisedOK) {
+      this._warnChoicesInitFailed('setValue');
+
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      items.forEach((value: string | InputChoice) => {
+        if (value) {
+          this._addChoice(mapInputToChoice(value, false));
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
+    // @todo integrate with Store
+    this._searcher.reset();
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  setChoiceByValue(value: string | string[]): this {
+    if (!this.initialisedOK) {
+      this._warnChoicesInitFailed('setChoiceByValue');
+
+      return this;
+    }
+    if (this._isTextElement) {
+      return this;
+    }
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      // If only one value has been passed, convert to array
+      const choiceValue = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+
+      // Loop through each value and
+      choiceValue.forEach((val) => this._findAndSelectChoiceByValue(val));
+      this.unhighlightAll();
+    });
+
+    // @todo integrate with Store
+    this._searcher.reset();
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set choices of select input via an array of objects (or function that returns array of object or promise of it),
+   * a value field name and a label field name.
+   * This behaves the same as passing items via the choices option but can be called after initialising Choices.
+   * This can also be used to add groups of choices (see example 2); Optionally pass a true `replaceChoices` value to remove any existing choices.
+   * Optionally pass a `customProperties` object to add additional data to your choices (useful when searching/filtering etc).
+   *
+   * **Input types affected:** select-one, select-multiple
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```js
+   * const example = new Choices(element);
+   *
+   * example.setChoices([
+   *   {value: 'One', label: 'Label One', disabled: true},
+   *   {value: 'Two', label: 'Label Two', selected: true},
+   *   {value: 'Three', label: 'Label Three'},
+   * ], 'value', 'label', false);
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```js
+   * const example = new Choices(element);
+   *
+   * example.setChoices(async () => {
+   *   try {
+   *      const items = await fetch('/items');
+   *      return items.json()
+   *   } catch(err) {
+   *      console.error(err)
+   *   }
+   * });
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```js
+   * const example = new Choices(element);
+   *
+   * example.setChoices([{
+   *   label: 'Group one',
+   *   id: 1,
+   *   disabled: false,
+   *   choices: [
+   *     {value: 'Child One', label: 'Child One', selected: true},
+   *     {value: 'Child Two', label: 'Child Two',  disabled: true},
+   *     {value: 'Child Three', label: 'Child Three'},
+   *   ]
+   * },
+   * {
+   *   label: 'Group two',
+   *   id: 2,
+   *   disabled: false,
+   *   choices: [
+   *     {value: 'Child Four', label: 'Child Four', disabled: true},
+   *     {value: 'Child Five', label: 'Child Five'},
+   *     {value: 'Child Six', label: 'Child Six', customProperties: {
+   *       description: 'Custom description about child six',
+   *       random: 'Another random custom property'
+   *     }},
+   *   ]
+   * }], 'value', 'label', false);
+   * ```
+   */
+  setChoices(
+    choicesArrayOrFetcher:
+      | (InputChoice | InputGroup)[]
+      | ((instance: Choices) => (InputChoice | InputGroup)[] | Promise<(InputChoice | InputGroup)[]>) = [],
+    value: string | null = 'value',
+    label: string = 'label',
+    replaceChoices: boolean = false,
+    clearSearchFlag: boolean = true,
+    replaceItems: boolean = false,
+  ): this | Promise<this> {
+    if (!this.initialisedOK) {
+      this._warnChoicesInitFailed('setChoices');
+
+      return this;
+    }
+    if (!this._isSelectElement) {
+      throw new TypeError(`setChoices can't be used with INPUT based Choices`);
+    }
+
+    if (typeof value !== 'string' || !value) {
+      throw new TypeError(`value parameter must be a name of 'value' field in passed objects`);
+    }
+
+    if (typeof choicesArrayOrFetcher === 'function') {
+      // it's a choices fetcher function
+      const fetcher = choicesArrayOrFetcher(this);
+
+      if (typeof Promise === 'function' && fetcher instanceof Promise) {
+        // that's a promise
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-promise-executor-return
+        return new Promise((resolve) => requestAnimationFrame(resolve))
+          .then(() => this._handleLoadingState(true))
+          .then(() => fetcher)
+          .then((data: InputChoice[]) =>
+            this.setChoices(data, value, label, replaceChoices, clearSearchFlag, replaceItems),
+          )
+          .catch((err) => {
+            if (!this.config.silent) {
+              console.error(err);
+            }
+          })
+          .then(() => this._handleLoadingState(false))
+          .then(() => this);
+      }
+
+      // function returned something else than promise, let's check if it's an array of choices
+      if (!Array.isArray(fetcher)) {
+        throw new TypeError(
+          `.setChoices first argument function must return either array of choices or Promise, got: ${typeof fetcher}`,
+        );
+      }
+
+      // recursion with results, it's sync and choices were cleared already
+      return this.setChoices(fetcher, value, label, false);
+    }
+
+    if (!Array.isArray(choicesArrayOrFetcher)) {
+      throw new TypeError(
+        `.setChoices must be called either with array of choices with a function resulting into Promise of array of choices`,
+      );
+    }
+
+    this.containerOuter.removeLoadingState();
+
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      if (clearSearchFlag) {
+        this._isSearching = false;
+      }
+      // Clear choices if needed
+      if (replaceChoices) {
+        this.clearChoices(true, replaceItems);
+      }
+      const isDefaultValue = value === 'value';
+      const isDefaultLabel = label === 'label';
+
+      choicesArrayOrFetcher.forEach((groupOrChoice: InputGroup | InputChoice) => {
+        if ('choices' in groupOrChoice) {
+          let group = groupOrChoice;
+          if (!isDefaultLabel) {
+            group = {
+              ...group,
+              label: group[label],
+            } as InputGroup;
+          }
+
+          this._addGroup(mapInputToChoice<InputGroup>(group, true));
+        } else {
+          let choice = groupOrChoice;
+          if (!isDefaultLabel || !isDefaultValue) {
+            choice = {
+              ...choice,
+              value: choice[value],
+              label: choice[label],
+            } as InputChoice;
+          }
+          const choiceFull = mapInputToChoice<InputChoice>(choice, false);
+          this._addChoice(choiceFull);
+          if (choiceFull.placeholder && !this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder) {
+            this._placeholderValue = unwrapStringForEscaped(choiceFull.label);
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      this.unhighlightAll();
+    });
+
+    // @todo integrate with Store
+    this._searcher.reset();
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  refresh(withEvents: boolean = false, selectFirstOption: boolean = false, deselectAll: boolean = false): this {
+    if (!this._isSelectElement) {
+      if (!this.config.silent) {
+        console.warn('refresh method can only be used on choices backed by a <select> element');
+      }
+
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      const choicesFromOptions = (this.passedElement as WrappedSelect).optionsAsChoices();
+
+      // Build the list of items which require preserving
+      const existingItems = {};
+      if (!deselectAll) {
+        this._store.items.forEach((choice) => {
+          if (choice.id && choice.active && choice.selected) {
+            existingItems[choice.value] = true;
+          }
+        });
+      }
+
+      this.clearStore(false);
+
+      const updateChoice = (choice: ChoiceFull): void => {
+        if (deselectAll) {
+          this._store.dispatch(removeItem(choice));
+        } else if (existingItems[choice.value]) {
+          choice.selected = true;
+        }
+      };
+
+      choicesFromOptions.forEach((groupOrChoice) => {
+        if ('choices' in groupOrChoice) {
+          groupOrChoice.choices.forEach(updateChoice);
+
+          return;
+        }
+        updateChoice(groupOrChoice);
+      });
+
+      /* @todo only generate add events for the added options instead of all
+      if (withEvents) {
+        items.forEach((choice) => {
+          if (existingItems[choice.value]) {
+            this.passedElement.triggerEvent(
+              EventType.removeItem,
+              this._getChoiceForEvent(choice),
+            );
+          }
+        });
+      }
+      */
+
+      // load new choices & items
+      this._addPredefinedChoices(choicesFromOptions, selectFirstOption, withEvents);
+
+      // re-do search if required
+      if (this._isSearching) {
+        this._searchChoices(this.input.value);
+      }
+    });
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  removeChoice(value: string): this {
+    const choice = this._store.choices.find((c) => c.value === value);
+    if (!choice) {
+      return this;
+    }
+    this._clearNotice();
+    this._store.dispatch(removeChoice(choice));
+    // @todo integrate with Store
+    this._searcher.reset();
+
+    if (choice.selected) {
+      this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.removeItem, this._getChoiceForOutput(choice));
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  clearChoices(clearOptions: boolean = true, clearItems: boolean = false): this {
+    if (clearOptions) {
+      if (clearItems) {
+        this.passedElement.element.replaceChildren('');
+      } else {
+        this.passedElement.element.querySelectorAll(':not([selected])').forEach((el): void => {
+          el.remove();
+        });
+      }
+    }
+    this.itemList.element.replaceChildren('');
+    this.choiceList.element.replaceChildren('');
+    this._clearNotice();
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      const items = clearItems ? [] : this._store.items;
+      this._store.reset();
+      items.forEach((item: ChoiceFull): void => {
+        this._store.dispatch(addChoice(item));
+        this._store.dispatch(addItem(item));
+      });
+    });
+    // @todo integrate with Store
+    this._searcher.reset();
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  clearStore(clearOptions: boolean = true): this {
+    this.clearChoices(clearOptions, true);
+    this._stopSearch();
+    this._lastAddedChoiceId = 0;
+    this._lastAddedGroupId = 0;
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  clearInput(): this {
+    const shouldSetInputWidth = !this._isSelectOneElement;
+    this.input.clear(shouldSetInputWidth);
+    this._stopSearch();
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  _validateConfig(): void {
+    const { config } = this;
+    const invalidConfigOptions = diff(config, DEFAULT_CONFIG);
+    if (invalidConfigOptions.length) {
+      console.warn('Unknown config option(s) passed', invalidConfigOptions.join(', '));
+    }
+
+    if (config.allowHTML && config.allowHtmlUserInput) {
+      if (config.addItems) {
+        console.warn(
+          'Warning: allowHTML/allowHtmlUserInput/addItems all being true is strongly not recommended and may lead to XSS attacks',
+        );
+      }
+      if (config.addChoices) {
+        console.warn(
+          'Warning: allowHTML/allowHtmlUserInput/addChoices all being true is strongly not recommended and may lead to XSS attacks',
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _render(changes: StateChangeSet = { choices: true, groups: true, items: true }): void {
+    if (this._store.inTxn()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (this._isSelectElement) {
+      if (changes.choices || changes.groups) {
+        this._renderChoices();
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (changes.items) {
+      this._renderItems();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _renderChoices(): void {
+    if (!this._canAddItems()) {
+      return; // block rendering choices if the input limit is reached.
+    }
+
+    const { config, _isSearching: isSearching } = this;
+    const { activeGroups, activeChoices } = this._store;
+
+    let renderLimit = 0;
+    if (isSearching && config.searchResultLimit > 0) {
+      renderLimit = config.searchResultLimit;
+    } else if (config.renderChoiceLimit > 0) {
+      renderLimit = config.renderChoiceLimit;
+    }
+
+    if (this._isSelectElement) {
+      const backingOptions = activeChoices.filter((choice) => !choice.element);
+      if (backingOptions.length) {
+        (this.passedElement as WrappedSelect).addOptions(backingOptions);
+      }
+    }
+
+    const fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
+    const renderableChoices = (choices: ChoiceFull[]): ChoiceFull[] =>
+      choices.filter(
+        (choice) =>
+          !choice.placeholder && (isSearching ? !!choice.rank : config.renderSelectedChoices || !choice.selected),
+      );
+
+    let selectableChoices = false;
+    const renderChoices = (choices: ChoiceFull[], withinGroup: boolean, groupLabel?: string): void => {
+      if (isSearching) {
+        // sortByRank is used to ensure stable sorting, as scores are non-unique
+        // this additionally ensures fuseOptions.sortFn is not ignored
+        choices.sort(sortByRank);
+      } else if (config.shouldSort) {
+        choices.sort(config.sorter);
+      }
+
+      let choiceLimit = choices.length;
+      choiceLimit = !withinGroup && renderLimit && choiceLimit > renderLimit ? renderLimit : choiceLimit;
+      choiceLimit--;
+
+      choices.every((choice, index) => {
+        // choiceEl being empty signals the contents has probably significantly changed
+        const dropdownItem =
+          choice.choiceEl || this._templates.choice(config, choice, config.itemSelectText, groupLabel);
+        choice.choiceEl = dropdownItem;
+        fragment.appendChild(dropdownItem);
+        if (isSearching || !choice.selected) {
+          selectableChoices = true;
+        }
+
+        return index < choiceLimit;
+      });
+    };
+
+    if (activeChoices.length) {
+      if (config.resetScrollPosition) {
+        requestAnimationFrame(() => this.choiceList.scrollToTop());
+      }
+
+      if (!this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder && !isSearching && this._isSelectOneElement) {
+        // If we have a placeholder choice along with groups
+        renderChoices(
+          activeChoices.filter((choice) => choice.placeholder && !choice.group),
+          false,
+          undefined,
+        );
+      }
+
+      // If we have grouped options
+      if (activeGroups.length && !isSearching) {
+        if (config.shouldSort) {
+          activeGroups.sort(config.sorter);
+        }
+        // render Choices without group first, regardless of sort, otherwise they won't be distinguishable
+        // from the last group
+        renderChoices(
+          activeChoices.filter((choice) => !choice.placeholder && !choice.group),
+          false,
+          undefined,
+        );
+
+        activeGroups.forEach((group) => {
+          const groupChoices = renderableChoices(group.choices);
+          if (groupChoices.length) {
+            if (group.label) {
+              const dropdownGroup = group.groupEl || this._templates.choiceGroup(this.config, group);
+              group.groupEl = dropdownGroup;
+              dropdownGroup.remove();
+              fragment.appendChild(dropdownGroup);
+            }
+            renderChoices(groupChoices, true, config.appendGroupInSearch && isSearching ? group.label : undefined);
+          }
+        });
+      } else {
+        renderChoices(renderableChoices(activeChoices), false, undefined);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!selectableChoices && (isSearching || !fragment.children.length || !config.renderSelectedChoices)) {
+      if (!this._notice) {
+        this._notice = {
+          text: resolveStringFunction(isSearching ? config.noResultsText : config.noChoicesText),
+          type: isSearching ? NoticeTypes.noResults : NoticeTypes.noChoices,
+        };
+      }
+      fragment.replaceChildren('');
+    }
+
+    this._renderNotice(fragment);
+    this.choiceList.element.replaceChildren(fragment);
+
+    if (selectableChoices) {
+      this._highlightChoice();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _renderItems(): void {
+    const items = this._store.items || [];
+    const itemList = this.itemList.element;
+    const { config } = this;
+    const fragment: DocumentFragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
+
+    const itemFromList = (item: ChoiceFull): HTMLElement | null =>
+      itemList.querySelector<HTMLElement>(`[data-item][data-id="${item.id}"]`);
+
+    const addItemToFragment = (item: ChoiceFull): void => {
+      let el = item.itemEl;
+      if (el && el.parentElement) {
+        return;
+      }
+      el = itemFromList(item) || this._templates.item(config, item, config.removeItemButton);
+      item.itemEl = el;
+      fragment.appendChild(el);
+    };
+
+    // new items
+    items.forEach(addItemToFragment);
+
+    let addedItems = !!fragment.childNodes.length;
+    if (this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      const existingItems = itemList.children.length;
+      if (addedItems || existingItems > 1) {
+        const placeholder = itemList.querySelector<HTMLElement>(getClassNamesSelector(config.classNames.placeholder));
+        if (placeholder) {
+          placeholder.remove();
+        }
+      } else if (!addedItems && !existingItems && this._placeholderValue) {
+        addedItems = true;
+        addItemToFragment(
+          mapInputToChoice<InputChoice>(
+            {
+              selected: true,
+              value: '',
+              label: this._placeholderValue,
+              placeholder: true,
+            },
+            false,
+          ),
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (addedItems) {
+      itemList.append(fragment);
+
+      if (config.shouldSortItems && !this._isSelectOneElement) {
+        items.sort(config.sorter);
+
+        // push sorting into the DOM
+        items.forEach((item) => {
+          const el = itemFromList(item);
+          if (el) {
+            el.remove();
+            fragment.append(el);
+          }
+        });
+
+        itemList.append(fragment);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (this._isTextElement) {
+      // Update the value of the hidden input
+      this.passedElement.value = items.map(({ value }) => value).join(config.delimiter);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _displayNotice(text: string, type: NoticeType, openDropdown: boolean = true): void {
+    const oldNotice = this._notice;
+    if (
+      oldNotice &&
+      ((oldNotice.type === type && oldNotice.text === text) ||
+        (oldNotice.type === NoticeTypes.addChoice &&
+          (type === NoticeTypes.noResults || type === NoticeTypes.noChoices)))
+    ) {
+      if (openDropdown) {
+        this.showDropdown(true);
+      }
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this._clearNotice();
+
+    this._notice = text
+      ? {
+          text,
+          type,
+        }
+      : undefined;
+
+    this._renderNotice();
+
+    if (openDropdown && text) {
+      this.showDropdown(true);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _clearNotice(): void {
+    if (!this._notice) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const noticeElement = this.choiceList.element.querySelector<HTMLElement>(
+      getClassNamesSelector(this.config.classNames.notice),
+    );
+    if (noticeElement) {
+      noticeElement.remove();
+    }
+
+    this._notice = undefined;
+  }
+
+  _renderNotice(fragment?: DocumentFragment): void {
+    const noticeConf = this._notice;
+    if (noticeConf) {
+      const notice = this._templates.notice(this.config, noticeConf.text, noticeConf.type);
+      if (fragment) {
+        fragment.append(notice);
+      } else {
+        this.choiceList.prepend(notice);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // eslint-disable-next-line class-methods-use-this
+  _getChoiceForOutput(choice: ChoiceFull, keyCode?: number): EventChoice {
+    return {
+      id: choice.id,
+      highlighted: choice.highlighted,
+      labelClass: choice.labelClass,
+      labelDescription: choice.labelDescription,
+      customProperties: choice.customProperties,
+      disabled: choice.disabled,
+      active: choice.active,
+      label: choice.label,
+      placeholder: choice.placeholder,
+      value: choice.value,
+      groupValue: choice.group ? choice.group.label : undefined,
+      element: choice.element,
+      keyCode,
+    };
+  }
+
+  _triggerChange(value): void {
+    if (value === undefined || value === null) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.change, {
+      value,
+    });
+  }
+
+  _handleButtonAction(element: HTMLElement): void {
+    const { items } = this._store;
+    if (!items.length || !this.config.removeItems || !this.config.removeItemButton) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const id = element && parseDataSetId(element.parentElement);
+    const itemToRemove = id && items.find((item) => item.id === id);
+    if (!itemToRemove) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      // Remove item associated with button
+      this._removeItem(itemToRemove);
+      this._triggerChange(itemToRemove.value);
+
+      if (this._isSelectOneElement && !this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder) {
+        const placeholderChoice = (this.config.shouldSort ? this._store.choices.reverse() : this._store.choices).find(
+          (choice) => choice.placeholder,
+        );
+        if (placeholderChoice) {
+          this._addItem(placeholderChoice);
+          this.unhighlightAll();
+          if (placeholderChoice.value) {
+            this._triggerChange(placeholderChoice.value);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  _handleItemAction(element: HTMLElement, hasShiftKey = false): void {
+    const { items } = this._store;
+    if (!items.length || !this.config.removeItems || this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const id = parseDataSetId(element);
+    if (!id) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // We only want to select one item with a click
+    // so we deselect any items that aren't the target
+    // unless shift is being pressed
+    items.forEach((item) => {
+      if (item.id === id && !item.highlighted) {
+        this.highlightItem(item);
+      } else if (!hasShiftKey && item.highlighted) {
+        this.unhighlightItem(item);
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Focus input as without focus, a user cannot do anything with a
+    // highlighted item
+    this.input.focus();
+  }
+
+  _handleChoiceAction(element: HTMLElement): boolean {
+    // If we are clicking on an option
+    const id = parseDataSetId(element);
+    const choice = id && this._store.getChoiceById(id);
+    if (!choice || choice.disabled) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    const hasActiveDropdown = this.dropdown.isActive;
+
+    if (!choice.selected) {
+      if (!this._canAddItems()) {
+        return true; // causes _onEnterKey to early out
+      }
+
+      this._store.withTxn(() => {
+        this._addItem(choice, true, true);
+
+        this.clearInput();
+        this.unhighlightAll();
+      });
+
+      this._triggerChange(choice.value);
+    }
+
+    // We want to close the dropdown if we are dealing with a single select box
+    if (hasActiveDropdown && this.config.closeDropdownOnSelect) {
+      this.hideDropdown(true);
+      this.containerOuter.element.focus();
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  _handleBackspace(items: ChoiceFull[]): void {
+    const { config } = this;
+    if (!config.removeItems || !items.length) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const lastItem = items[items.length - 1];
+    const hasHighlightedItems = items.some((item) => item.highlighted);
+
+    // If editing the last item is allowed and there are not other selected items,
+    // we can edit the item value. Otherwise if we can remove items, remove all selected items
+    if (config.editItems && !hasHighlightedItems && lastItem) {
+      this.input.value = lastItem.value;
+      this.input.setWidth();
+      this._removeItem(lastItem);
+      this._triggerChange(lastItem.value);
+    } else {
+      if (!hasHighlightedItems) {
+        // Highlight last item if none already highlighted
+        this.highlightItem(lastItem, false);
+      }
+      this.removeHighlightedItems(true);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _loadChoices(): void {
+    const { config } = this;
+    if (this._isTextElement) {
+      // Assign preset items from passed object first
+      this._presetChoices = config.items.map((e: InputChoice | string) => mapInputToChoice(e, false));
+      // Add any values passed from attribute
+      if (this.passedElement.value) {
+        const elementItems: ChoiceFull[] = this.passedElement.value
+          .split(config.delimiter)
+          .map((e: string) => mapInputToChoice<string>(e, false, this.config.allowHtmlUserInput));
+        this._presetChoices = this._presetChoices.concat(elementItems);
+      }
+      this._presetChoices.forEach((choice: ChoiceFull) => {
+        choice.selected = true;
+      });
+    } else if (this._isSelectElement) {
+      // Assign preset choices from passed object
+      this._presetChoices = config.choices.map((e: InputChoice) => mapInputToChoice(e, true));
+      // Create array of choices from option elements
+      const choicesFromOptions = (this.passedElement as WrappedSelect).optionsAsChoices();
+      if (choicesFromOptions) {
+        this._presetChoices.push(...choicesFromOptions);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _handleLoadingState(setLoading = true): void {
+    const el = this.itemList.element;
+    if (setLoading) {
+      this.disable();
+      this.containerOuter.addLoadingState();
+      if (this._isSelectOneElement) {
+        el.replaceChildren(this._templates.placeholder(this.config, this.config.loadingText));
+      } else {
+        this.input.placeholder = this.config.loadingText;
+      }
+    } else {
+      this.enable();
+      this.containerOuter.removeLoadingState();
+
+      if (this._isSelectOneElement) {
+        el.replaceChildren('');
+        this._render();
+      } else {
+        this.input.placeholder = this._placeholderValue || '';
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _handleSearch(value?: string): void {
+    if (!this.input.isFocussed) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Check that we have a value to search and the input was an alphanumeric character
+    if (value !== null && typeof value !== 'undefined' && value.length >= this.config.searchFloor) {
+      const resultCount = this.config.searchChoices ? this._searchChoices(value) : 0;
+      if (resultCount !== null) {
+        // Trigger search event
+        this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.search, {
+          value,
+          resultCount,
+        });
+      }
+    } else if (this._store.choices.some((option) => !option.active)) {
+      this._stopSearch();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _canAddItems(): boolean {
+    const { config } = this;
+    const { maxItemCount, maxItemText } = config;
+
+    if (!config.singleModeForMultiSelect && maxItemCount > 0 && maxItemCount <= this._store.items.length) {
+      this.choiceList.element.replaceChildren('');
+      this._notice = undefined;
+      this._displayNotice(
+        typeof maxItemText === 'function' ? maxItemText(maxItemCount) : maxItemText,
+        NoticeTypes.addChoice,
+      );
+
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (this._notice && this._notice.type === NoticeTypes.addChoice) {
+      this._clearNotice();
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  _canCreateItem(value: string): boolean {
+    const { config } = this;
+    let canAddItem = true;
+    let notice = '';
+
+    if (canAddItem && typeof config.addItemFilter === 'function' && !config.addItemFilter(value)) {
+      canAddItem = false;
+      notice = resolveNoticeFunction(config.customAddItemText, value);
+    }
+
+    if (canAddItem) {
+      const foundChoice = this._store.choices.find((choice) => config.valueComparer(choice.value, value));
+      if (foundChoice) {
+        if (this._isSelectElement) {
+          // for exact matches, do not prompt to add it as a custom choice
+          this._displayNotice('', NoticeTypes.addChoice);
+
+          return false;
+        }
+        if (!config.duplicateItemsAllowed) {
+          canAddItem = false;
+          notice = resolveNoticeFunction(config.uniqueItemText, value);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (canAddItem) {
+      notice = resolveNoticeFunction(config.addItemText, value);
+    }
+
+    if (notice) {
+      this._displayNotice(notice, NoticeTypes.addChoice);
+    }
+
+    return canAddItem;
+  }
+
+  _searchChoices(value: string): number | null {
+    const newValue = value.trim().replace(/\s{2,}/, ' ');
+
+    // signal input didn't change search
+    if (!newValue.length || newValue === this._currentValue) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    const searcher = this._searcher;
+    if (searcher.isEmptyIndex()) {
+      searcher.index(this._store.searchableChoices);
+    }
+    // If new value matches the desired length and is not the same as the current value with a space
+    const results = searcher.search(newValue);
+
+    this._currentValue = newValue;
+    this._highlightPosition = 0;
+    this._isSearching = true;
+
+    const notice = this._notice;
+    const noticeType = notice && notice.type;
+    if (noticeType !== NoticeTypes.addChoice) {
+      if (!results.length) {
+        this._displayNotice(resolveStringFunction(this.config.noResultsText), NoticeTypes.noResults);
+      } else {
+        this._clearNotice();
+      }
+    }
+
+    this._store.dispatch(filterChoices(results));
+
+    return results.length;
+  }
+
+  _stopSearch(): void {
+    if (this._isSearching) {
+      this._currentValue = '';
+      this._isSearching = false;
+      this._clearNotice();
+      this._store.dispatch(activateChoices(true));
+
+      this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.search, {
+        value: '',
+        resultCount: 0,
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  _addEventListeners(): void {
+    const documentElement = this._docRoot;
+    const outerElement = this.containerOuter.element;
+    const inputElement = this.input.element;
+
+    // capture events - can cancel event processing or propagation
+    documentElement.addEventListener('touchend', this._onTouchEnd, true);
+    outerElement.addEventListener('keydown', this._onKeyDown, true);
+    outerElement.addEventListener('mousedown', this._onMouseDown, true);
+
+    // passive events - doesn't call `preventDefault` or `stopPropagation`
+    documentElement.addEventListener('click', this._onClick, { passive: true });
+    documentElement.addEventListener('touchmove', this._onTouchMove, {
+      passive: true,
+    });
+    this.dropdown.element.addEventListener('mouseover', this._onMouseOver, {
+      passive: true,
+    });
+
+    if (this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      outerElement.addEventListener('focus', this._onFocus, {
+        passive: true,
+      });
+      outerElement.addEventListener('blur', this._onBlur, {
+        passive: true,
+      });
+    }
+
+    inputElement.addEventListener('keyup', this._onKeyUp, {
+      passive: true,
+    });
+    inputElement.addEventListener('input', this._onInput, {
+      passive: true,
+    });
+
+    inputElement.addEventListener('focus', this._onFocus, {
+      passive: true,
+    });
+    inputElement.addEventListener('blur', this._onBlur, {
+      passive: true,
+    });
+
+    if (inputElement.form) {
+      inputElement.form.addEventListener('reset', this._onFormReset, {
+        passive: true,
+      });
+    }
+
+    this.input.addEventListeners();
+  }
+
+  _removeEventListeners(): void {
+    const documentElement = this._docRoot;
+    const outerElement = this.containerOuter.element;
+    const inputElement = this.input.element;
+
+    documentElement.removeEventListener('touchend', this._onTouchEnd, true);
+    outerElement.removeEventListener('keydown', this._onKeyDown, true);
+    outerElement.removeEventListener('mousedown', this._onMouseDown, true);
+
+    documentElement.removeEventListener('click', this._onClick);
+    documentElement.removeEventListener('touchmove', this._onTouchMove);
+    this.dropdown.element.removeEventListener('mouseover', this._onMouseOver);
+
+    if (this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      outerElement.removeEventListener('focus', this._onFocus);
+      outerElement.removeEventListener('blur', this._onBlur);
+    }
+
+    inputElement.removeEventListener('keyup', this._onKeyUp);
+    inputElement.removeEventListener('input', this._onInput);
+    inputElement.removeEventListener('focus', this._onFocus);
+    inputElement.removeEventListener('blur', this._onBlur);
+
+    if (inputElement.form) {
+      inputElement.form.removeEventListener('reset', this._onFormReset);
+    }
+
+    this.input.removeEventListeners();
+  }
+
+  _onKeyDown(event: KeyboardEvent): void {
+    const { keyCode } = event;
+    const hasActiveDropdown = this.dropdown.isActive;
+    /*
+    See:
+    https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key
+    https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/UI_Events/Keyboard_event_key_values
+    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16#Code_points_from_U+010000_to_U+10FFFF - UTF-16 surrogate pairs
+    https://stackoverflow.com/a/70866532 - "Unidentified" for mobile
+    http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/ch16.pdf#G19635 - U+FFFF is reserved (Section 16.7)
+
+    Logic: when a key event is sent, `event.key` represents its printable value _or_ one
+    of a large list of special values indicating meta keys/functionality. In addition,
+    key events for compose functionality contain a value of `Dead` when mid-composition.
+
+    I can't quite verify it, but non-English IMEs may also be able to generate key codes
+    for code points in the surrogate-pair range, which could potentially be seen as having
+    key.length > 1. Since `Fn` is one of the special keys, we can't distinguish by that
+    alone.
+
+    Here, key.length === 1 means we know for sure the input was printable and not a special
+    `key` value. When the length is greater than 1, it could be either a printable surrogate
+    pair or a special `key` value. We can tell the difference by checking if the _character
+    code_ value (not code point!) is in the "surrogate pair" range or not.
+
+    We don't use .codePointAt because an invalid code point would return 65535, which wouldn't
+    pass the >= 0x10000 check we would otherwise use.
+
+    > ...The Unicode Standard sets aside 66 noncharacter code points. The last two code points
+    > of each plane are noncharacters: U+FFFE and U+FFFF on the BMP...
+    */
+    const wasPrintableChar =
+      event.key.length === 1 ||
+      (event.key.length === 2 && event.key.charCodeAt(0) >= 0xd800) ||
+      event.key === 'Unidentified';
+
+    /*
+      We do not show the dropdown if focusing out with esc or navigating through input fields.
+      An activated search can still be opened with any other key.
+     */
+    if (
+      !this._isTextElement &&
+      !hasActiveDropdown &&
+      keyCode !== KeyCodeMap.ESC_KEY &&
+      keyCode !== KeyCodeMap.TAB_KEY &&
+      keyCode !== KeyCodeMap.SHIFT_KEY
+    ) {
+      this.showDropdown();
+
+      if (!this.input.isFocussed && wasPrintableChar) {
+        /*
+          We update the input value with the pressed key as
+          the input was not focussed at the time of key press
+          therefore does not have the value of the key.
+        */
+        this.input.value += event.key;
+        // browsers interpret a space as pagedown
+        if (event.key === ' ') {
+          event.preventDefault();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    switch (keyCode) {
+      case KeyCodeMap.A_KEY:
+        return this._onSelectKey(event, this.itemList.element.hasChildNodes());
+      case KeyCodeMap.ENTER_KEY:
+        return this._onEnterKey(event, hasActiveDropdown);
+      case KeyCodeMap.ESC_KEY:
+        return this._onEscapeKey(event, hasActiveDropdown);
+      case KeyCodeMap.UP_KEY:
+      case KeyCodeMap.PAGE_UP_KEY:
+      case KeyCodeMap.DOWN_KEY:
+      case KeyCodeMap.PAGE_DOWN_KEY:
+        return this._onDirectionKey(event, hasActiveDropdown);
+      case KeyCodeMap.DELETE_KEY:
+      case KeyCodeMap.BACK_KEY:
+        return this._onDeleteKey(event, this._store.items, this.input.isFocussed);
+      default:
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onKeyUp(/* event: KeyboardEvent */): void {
+    this._canSearch = this.config.searchEnabled;
+  }
+
+  _onInput(/* event: InputEvent */): void {
+    const { value } = this.input;
+    if (!value) {
+      if (this._isTextElement) {
+        this.hideDropdown(true);
+      } else {
+        this._stopSearch();
+      }
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (!this._canAddItems()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (this._canSearch) {
+      // do the search even if the entered text can not be added
+      this._handleSearch(value);
+    }
+
+    if (!this._canAddUserChoices) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // determine if a notice needs to be displayed for why a search result can't be added
+    this._canCreateItem(value);
+    if (this._isSelectElement) {
+      this._highlightPosition = 0; // reset to select the notice and/or exact match
+      this._highlightChoice();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onSelectKey(event: KeyboardEvent, hasItems: boolean): void {
+    // If CTRL + A or CMD + A have been pressed and there are items to select
+    if ((event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey) && hasItems) {
+      this._canSearch = false;
+
+      const shouldHightlightAll =
+        this.config.removeItems && !this.input.value && this.input.element === document.activeElement;
+
+      if (shouldHightlightAll) {
+        this.highlightAll();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onEnterKey(event: KeyboardEvent, hasActiveDropdown: boolean): void {
+    const { value } = this.input;
+    const target = event.target as HTMLElement | null;
+    event.preventDefault();
+
+    if (target && target.hasAttribute('data-button')) {
+      this._handleButtonAction(target);
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (!hasActiveDropdown) {
+      if (this._isSelectElement || this._notice) {
+        this.showDropdown();
+      }
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const highlightedChoice = this.dropdown.element.querySelector<HTMLElement>(
+      getClassNamesSelector(this.config.classNames.highlightedState),
+    );
+
+    if (highlightedChoice && this._handleChoiceAction(highlightedChoice)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (!target || !value) {
+      this.hideDropdown(true);
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (!this._canAddItems()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    let addedItem = false;
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      addedItem = this._findAndSelectChoiceByValue(value, true);
+      if (!addedItem) {
+        if (!this._canAddUserChoices) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!this._canCreateItem(value)) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        this._addChoice(mapInputToChoice<string>(value, false, this.config.allowHtmlUserInput), true, true);
+        addedItem = true;
+      }
+
+      this.clearInput();
+      this.unhighlightAll();
+    });
+
+    if (!addedItem) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this._triggerChange(value);
+
+    if (this.config.closeDropdownOnSelect) {
+      this.hideDropdown(true);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onEscapeKey(event: KeyboardEvent, hasActiveDropdown: boolean): void {
+    if (hasActiveDropdown) {
+      event.stopPropagation();
+      this.hideDropdown(true);
+      this._stopSearch();
+      this.containerOuter.element.focus();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onDirectionKey(event: KeyboardEvent, hasActiveDropdown: boolean): void {
+    const { keyCode } = event;
+
+    // If up or down key is pressed, traverse through options
+    if (hasActiveDropdown || this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      this.showDropdown();
+      this._canSearch = false;
+
+      const directionInt = keyCode === KeyCodeMap.DOWN_KEY || keyCode === KeyCodeMap.PAGE_DOWN_KEY ? 1 : -1;
+      const skipKey = event.metaKey || keyCode === KeyCodeMap.PAGE_DOWN_KEY || keyCode === KeyCodeMap.PAGE_UP_KEY;
+
+      let nextEl: HTMLElement | null;
+      if (skipKey) {
+        if (directionInt > 0) {
+          nextEl = this.dropdown.element.querySelector(`${selectableChoiceIdentifier}:last-of-type`);
+        } else {
+          nextEl = this.dropdown.element.querySelector(selectableChoiceIdentifier);
+        }
+      } else {
+        const currentEl = this.dropdown.element.querySelector<HTMLElement>(
+          getClassNamesSelector(this.config.classNames.highlightedState),
+        );
+        if (currentEl) {
+          nextEl = getAdjacentEl(currentEl, selectableChoiceIdentifier, directionInt);
+        } else {
+          nextEl = this.dropdown.element.querySelector(selectableChoiceIdentifier);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (nextEl) {
+        // We prevent default to stop the cursor moving
+        // when pressing the arrow
+        if (!isScrolledIntoView(nextEl, this.choiceList.element, directionInt)) {
+          this.choiceList.scrollToChildElement(nextEl, directionInt);
+        }
+        this._highlightChoice(nextEl);
+      }
+
+      // Prevent default to maintain cursor position whilst
+      // traversing dropdown options
+      event.preventDefault();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onDeleteKey(event: KeyboardEvent, items: ChoiceFull[], hasFocusedInput: boolean): void {
+    // If backspace or delete key is pressed and the input has no value
+    if (!this._isSelectOneElement && !(event.target as HTMLInputElement).value && hasFocusedInput) {
+      this._handleBackspace(items);
+      event.preventDefault();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onTouchMove(): void {
+    if (this._wasTap) {
+      this._wasTap = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onTouchEnd(event: TouchEvent): void {
+    const { target } = event || (event as TouchEvent).touches[0];
+    const touchWasWithinContainer = this._wasTap && this.containerOuter.element.contains(target as Node);
+
+    if (touchWasWithinContainer) {
+      const containerWasExactTarget = target === this.containerOuter.element || target === this.containerInner.element;
+
+      if (containerWasExactTarget) {
+        if (this._isTextElement) {
+          this.input.focus();
+        } else if (this._isSelectMultipleElement) {
+          this.showDropdown();
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Prevents focus event firing
+      event.stopPropagation();
+    }
+
+    this._wasTap = true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Handles mousedown event in capture mode for containetOuter.element
+   */
+  _onMouseDown(event: MouseEvent): void {
+    const { target } = event;
+    if (!(target instanceof HTMLElement)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // If we have our mouse down on the scrollbar and are on IE11...
+    if (IS_IE11 && this.choiceList.element.contains(target)) {
+      // check if click was on a scrollbar area
+      const firstChoice = this.choiceList.element.firstElementChild as HTMLElement;
+
+      this._isScrollingOnIe =
+        this._direction === 'ltr' ? event.offsetX >= firstChoice.offsetWidth : event.offsetX < firstChoice.offsetLeft;
+    }
+
+    if (target === this.input.element) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const item = target.closest('[data-button],[data-item],[data-choice]');
+    if (item instanceof HTMLElement) {
+      if ('button' in item.dataset) {
+        this._handleButtonAction(item);
+      } else if ('item' in item.dataset) {
+        this._handleItemAction(item, event.shiftKey);
+      } else if ('choice' in item.dataset) {
+        this._handleChoiceAction(item);
+      }
+    }
+
+    event.preventDefault();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Handles mouseover event over this.dropdown
+   * @param {MouseEvent} event
+   */
+  _onMouseOver({ target }: Pick<MouseEvent, 'target'>): void {
+    if (target instanceof HTMLElement && 'choice' in target.dataset) {
+      this._highlightChoice(target);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onClick({ target }: Pick<MouseEvent, 'target'>): void {
+    const { containerOuter } = this;
+    const clickWasWithinContainer = containerOuter.element.contains(target as Node);
+
+    if (clickWasWithinContainer) {
+      if (!this.dropdown.isActive && !containerOuter.isDisabled) {
+        if (this._isTextElement) {
+          if (document.activeElement !== this.input.element) {
+            this.input.focus();
+          }
+        } else {
+          this.showDropdown();
+          containerOuter.element.focus();
+        }
+      } else if (
+        this._isSelectOneElement &&
+        target !== this.input.element &&
+        !this.dropdown.element.contains(target as Node)
+      ) {
+        this.hideDropdown();
+      }
+    } else {
+      containerOuter.removeFocusState();
+      this.hideDropdown(true);
+      this.unhighlightAll();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onFocus({ target }: Pick<FocusEvent, 'target'>): void {
+    const { containerOuter } = this;
+    const focusWasWithinContainer = target && containerOuter.element.contains(target as Node);
+
+    if (!focusWasWithinContainer) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const targetIsInput = target === this.input.element;
+    if (this._isTextElement) {
+      if (targetIsInput) {
+        containerOuter.addFocusState();
+      }
+    } else if (this._isSelectMultipleElement) {
+      if (targetIsInput) {
+        this.showDropdown(true);
+        // If element is a select box, the focused element is the container and the dropdown
+        // isn't already open, focus and show dropdown
+        containerOuter.addFocusState();
+      }
+    } else {
+      containerOuter.addFocusState();
+      if (targetIsInput) {
+        this.showDropdown(true);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onBlur({ target }: Pick<FocusEvent, 'target'>): void {
+    const { containerOuter } = this;
+    const blurWasWithinContainer = target && containerOuter.element.contains(target as Node);
+
+    if (blurWasWithinContainer && !this._isScrollingOnIe) {
+      if (target === this.input.element) {
+        containerOuter.removeFocusState();
+        this.hideDropdown(true);
+        if (this._isTextElement || this._isSelectMultipleElement) {
+          this.unhighlightAll();
+        }
+      } else if (target === this.containerOuter.element) {
+        // Remove the focus state when the past outerContainer was the target
+        containerOuter.removeFocusState();
+
+        // Also close the dropdown if search is disabled
+        if (!this._canSearch) {
+          this.hideDropdown(true);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // On IE11, clicking the scollbar blurs our input and thus
+      // closes the dropdown. To stop this, we refocus our input
+      // if we know we are on IE *and* are scrolling.
+      this._isScrollingOnIe = false;
+      this.input.element.focus();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _onFormReset(): void {
+    this._store.withTxn(() => {
+      this.clearInput();
+      this.hideDropdown();
+      this.refresh(false, false, true);
+      if (this._initialItems.length) {
+        this.setChoiceByValue(this._initialItems);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  _highlightChoice(el: HTMLElement | null = null): void {
+    const choices = Array.from(this.dropdown.element.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(selectableChoiceIdentifier));
+
+    if (!choices.length) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    let passedEl = el;
+    const { highlightedState } = this.config.classNames;
+    const highlightedChoices = Array.from(
+      this.dropdown.element.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(getClassNamesSelector(highlightedState)),
+    );
+
+    // Remove any highlighted choices
+    highlightedChoices.forEach((choice) => {
+      removeClassesFromElement(choice, highlightedState);
+      choice.setAttribute('aria-selected', 'false');
+    });
+
+    if (passedEl) {
+      this._highlightPosition = choices.indexOf(passedEl);
+    } else {
+      // Highlight choice based on last known highlight location
+      if (choices.length > this._highlightPosition) {
+        // If we have an option to highlight
+        passedEl = choices[this._highlightPosition];
+      } else {
+        // Otherwise highlight the option before
+        passedEl = choices[choices.length - 1];
+      }
+
+      if (!passedEl) {
+        passedEl = choices[0];
+      }
+    }
+
+    addClassesToElement(passedEl, highlightedState);
+    passedEl.setAttribute('aria-selected', 'true');
+    this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.highlightChoice, {
+      el: passedEl,
+    });
+
+    if (this.dropdown.isActive) {
+      // IE11 ignores aria-label and blocks virtual keyboard
+      // if aria-activedescendant is set without a dropdown
+      this.input.setActiveDescendant(passedEl.id);
+      this.containerOuter.setActiveDescendant(passedEl.id);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _addItem(item: ChoiceFull, withEvents: boolean = true, userTriggered = false): void {
+    if (!item.id) {
+      throw new TypeError('item.id must be set before _addItem is called for a choice/item');
+    }
+
+    if (this.config.singleModeForMultiSelect || this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      this.removeActiveItems(item.id);
+    }
+
+    this._store.dispatch(addItem(item));
+
+    if (withEvents) {
+      this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.addItem, this._getChoiceForOutput(item));
+
+      if (userTriggered) {
+        this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.choice, this._getChoiceForOutput(item));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _removeItem(item: ChoiceFull): void {
+    if (!item.id) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this._store.dispatch(removeItem(item));
+    const notice = this._notice;
+    if (notice && notice.type === NoticeTypes.noChoices) {
+      this._clearNotice();
+    }
+
+    this.passedElement.triggerEvent(EventType.removeItem, this._getChoiceForOutput(item));
+  }
+
+  _addChoice(choice: ChoiceFull, withEvents: boolean = true, userTriggered = false): void {
+    if (choice.id) {
+      throw new TypeError('Can not re-add a choice which has already been added');
+    }
+
+    const { config } = this;
+    if (!config.duplicateItemsAllowed && this._store.choices.find((c) => config.valueComparer(c.value, choice.value))) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Generate unique id, in-place update is required so chaining _addItem works as expected
+    this._lastAddedChoiceId++;
+    choice.id = this._lastAddedChoiceId;
+    choice.elementId = `${this._baseId}-${this._idNames.itemChoice}-${choice.id}`;
+
+    const { prependValue, appendValue } = config;
+    if (prependValue) {
+      choice.value = prependValue + choice.value;
+    }
+    if (appendValue) {
+      choice.value += appendValue.toString();
+    }
+    if ((prependValue || appendValue) && choice.element) {
+      (choice.element as HTMLOptionElement).value = choice.value;
+    }
+
+    this._clearNotice();
+    this._store.dispatch(addChoice(choice));
+
+    if (choice.selected) {
+      this._addItem(choice, withEvents, userTriggered);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _addGroup(group: GroupFull, withEvents: boolean = true): void {
+    if (group.id) {
+      throw new TypeError('Can not re-add a group which has already been added');
+    }
+
+    this._store.dispatch(addGroup(group));
+
+    if (!group.choices) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // add unique id for the group(s), and do not store the full list of choices in this group
+    this._lastAddedGroupId++;
+    group.id = this._lastAddedGroupId;
+
+    group.choices.forEach((item: ChoiceFull) => {
+      item.group = group;
+      if (group.disabled) {
+        item.disabled = true;
+      }
+
+      this._addChoice(item, withEvents);
+    });
+  }
+
+  _createTemplates(): void {
+    const { callbackOnCreateTemplates } = this.config;
+    let userTemplates: Partial<Templates> = {};
+
+    if (typeof callbackOnCreateTemplates === 'function') {
+      userTemplates = callbackOnCreateTemplates.call(this, strToEl, escapeForTemplate, getClassNames);
+    }
+
+    const templating: Partial<Templates> = {};
+    Object.keys(this._templates).forEach((name) => {
+      if (name in userTemplates) {
+        templating[name] = userTemplates[name].bind(this);
+      } else {
+        templating[name] = this._templates[name].bind(this);
+      }
+    });
+
+    this._templates = templating as Templates;
+  }
+
+  _createElements(): void {
+    const templating = this._templates;
+    const { config, _isSelectOneElement: isSelectOneElement } = this;
+    const { position, classNames } = config;
+    const elementType = this._elementType;
+
+    this.containerOuter = new Container({
+      element: templating.containerOuter(
+        config,
+        this._direction,
+        this._isSelectElement,
+        isSelectOneElement,
+        config.searchEnabled,
+        elementType,
+        config.labelId,
+      ),
+      classNames,
+      type: elementType,
+      position,
+    });
+
+    this.containerInner = new Container({
+      element: templating.containerInner(config),
+      classNames,
+      type: elementType,
+      position,
+    });
+
+    this.input = new Input({
+      element: templating.input(config, this._placeholderValue),
+      classNames,
+      type: elementType,
+      preventPaste: !config.paste,
+    });
+
+    this.choiceList = new List({
+      element: templating.choiceList(config, isSelectOneElement),
+    });
+
+    this.itemList = new List({
+      element: templating.itemList(config, isSelectOneElement),
+    });
+
+    this.dropdown = new Dropdown({
+      element: templating.dropdown(config),
+      classNames,
+      type: elementType,
+    });
+  }
+
+  _createStructure(): void {
+    const { containerInner, containerOuter, passedElement } = this;
+    const dropdownElement = this.dropdown.element;
+
+    // Hide original element
+    passedElement.conceal();
+    // Wrap input in container preserving DOM ordering
+    containerInner.wrap(passedElement.element);
+    // Wrapper inner container with outer container
+    containerOuter.wrap(containerInner.element);
+
+    if (this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      this.input.placeholder = this.config.searchPlaceholderValue || '';
+    } else {
+      if (this._placeholderValue) {
+        this.input.placeholder = this._placeholderValue;
+      }
+      this.input.setWidth();
+    }
+
+    containerOuter.element.appendChild(containerInner.element);
+    containerOuter.element.appendChild(dropdownElement);
+    containerInner.element.appendChild(this.itemList.element);
+    dropdownElement.appendChild(this.choiceList.element);
+
+    if (!this._isSelectOneElement) {
+      containerInner.element.appendChild(this.input.element);
+    } else if (this.config.searchEnabled) {
+      dropdownElement.insertBefore(this.input.element, dropdownElement.firstChild);
+    }
+
+    this._highlightPosition = 0;
+    this._isSearching = false;
+  }
+
+  _initStore(): void {
+    this._store.subscribe(this._render).withTxn(() => {
+      this._addPredefinedChoices(
+        this._presetChoices,
+        this._isSelectOneElement && !this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder,
+        false,
+      );
+    });
+
+    if (!this._store.choices.length || (this._isSelectOneElement && this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder)) {
+      this._render();
+    }
+  }
+
+  _addPredefinedChoices(
+    choices: (ChoiceFull | GroupFull)[],
+    selectFirstOption: boolean = false,
+    withEvents: boolean = true,
+  ): void {
+    if (selectFirstOption) {
+      /**
+       * If there is a selected choice already or the choice is not the first in
+       * the array, add each choice normally.
+       *
+       * Otherwise we pre-select the first enabled choice in the array ("select-one" only)
+       */
+      const noSelectedChoices = choices.findIndex((choice: ChoiceFull) => choice.selected) === -1;
+      if (noSelectedChoices) {
+        choices.some((choice) => {
+          if (choice.disabled || 'choices' in choice) {
+            return false;
+          }
+
+          choice.selected = true;
+
+          return true;
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    choices.forEach((item) => {
+      if ('choices' in item) {
+        if (this._isSelectElement) {
+          this._addGroup(item, withEvents);
+        }
+      } else {
+        this._addChoice(item, withEvents);
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  _findAndSelectChoiceByValue(value: string, userTriggered: boolean = false): boolean {
+    // Check 'value' property exists and the choice isn't already selected
+    const foundChoice = this._store.choices.find((choice) => this.config.valueComparer(choice.value, value));
+
+    if (foundChoice && !foundChoice.disabled && !foundChoice.selected) {
+      this._addItem(foundChoice, true, userTriggered);
+
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  _generatePlaceholderValue(): string | null {
+    const { config } = this;
+    if (!config.placeholder) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (this._hasNonChoicePlaceholder) {
+      return config.placeholderValue;
+    }
+
+    if (this._isSelectElement) {
+      const { placeholderOption } = this.passedElement as WrappedSelect;
+
+      return placeholderOption ? placeholderOption.text : null;
+    }
+
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  _warnChoicesInitFailed(caller: string): void {
+    if (this.config.silent) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!this.initialised) {
+      throw new TypeError(`${caller} called on a non-initialised instance of Choices`);
+    } else if (!this.initialisedOK) {
+      throw new TypeError(`${caller} called for an element which has multiple instances of Choices initialised on it`);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+export default Choices;