gort 0.1.0

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data/LICENSE.txt ADDED
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+ The MIT License (MIT)
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+
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+ Copyright (c) 2024 Alexander Mankuta
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+
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+ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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+ of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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+ in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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+ to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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+ copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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+ furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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+
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+ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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+ all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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+
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+ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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+ IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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+ AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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+ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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+ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
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+ THE SOFTWARE.
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ require_relative "path_rule"
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # Allow rule.
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+ class AllowRule < PathRule
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+ # @param value [String] the path pattern to allow.
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+ def initialize(value)
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+ super(:allow, value)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ require_relative "path_rule"
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # Disallow rule.
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+ class DisallowRule < PathRule
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+ # @param value [String] the path pattern to disallow.
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+ def initialize(value)
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+ super(:disallow, value)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
data/lib/gort/group.rb ADDED
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ require_relative "rule_set"
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # An access group
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+ class Group < RuleSet
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+ # Is this group valid?
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+ #
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+ # A valid group has at least one valid user-agent rule.
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+ #
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+ # @return [Boolean]
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+ # @see UserAgentRule#valid?
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+ def valid?
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+ @valid ||=
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+ rules.any? { |rule| rule.is_a?(UserAgentRule) && rule.valid? }
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+ end
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+
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+ # Does this group apply to this specific user agent?
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+ #
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+ # This performa user agent matcchign acording to the RFC.
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+ #
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+ # @param user_agent [String]
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+ # @return [Boolean]
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+ def apply?(user_agent)
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+ apply_to_all? || user_agent.match?(user_agent_regexp)
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+ end
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+
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+ # @!group Formatting Methods
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+
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+ # A human readable representation of the group.
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+ #
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+ # @return [String]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def inspect
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+ "#<#{self.class.name}:#{object_id} #{rules.inspect}>"
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # Produces a pretty human readable representation of the group.
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+ #
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+ # @param pp [PrettyPrint] pretty printer
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+ # @return [void]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def pretty_print(pp)
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+ pp.text("#{self.class.name}/#{object_id}")
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+ pp.group(1, "[", "]") do
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+ pp.breakable("")
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+ pp.seplist(rules) do |rule|
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+ pp.pp(rule)
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+ end
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+ pp.breakable("")
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # @!endgroup Formatting Methods
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+
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+ private
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+
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+ # Does this rule apply to all user agents?
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+ #
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+ # Effectively, is this rule is a `*` rule.
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+ #
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+ # @return [Boolean]
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+ def apply_to_all?
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+ @apply_to_all ||= rules.any? { |rule| rule.is_a?(UserAgentRule) && rule.valid? && rule.value == "*" }
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+ end
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+
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+ # A compiled Regexp that mathes all user agents in this group.
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+ #
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+ # @return [Regexp]
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+ def user_agent_regexp
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+ @user_agent_regexp ||=
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+ begin
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+ specific_user_agent_rules = rules.select { |rule|
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+ rule.is_a?(UserAgentRule) && rule.valid? && (rule.value != "*")
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+ }
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+ Regexp.new(specific_user_agent_rules.map { Regexp.escape(_1.value) }.join("|"), Regexp::IGNORECASE)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # Represents an invalid line in a robots.txt file.
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+ #
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+ # @note Technically, the RFC doesn't have invalid lines in its grammar
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+ # but there are just too many broken robots.txt files on the internet.
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+ #
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+ # An invalid line is a line that can not be parsed as a rule and is not a comment.
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+ class InvalidLine
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+ # @param text [String] content of the line
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+ def initialize(text)
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+ @value = text
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+ end
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+
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+ # Content of the line.
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+ # @return [String]
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+ attr_reader :value
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+
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+ # @!group Formatting Methods
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+
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+ # A human readable representation of the invalid line.
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+ #
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+ # @return [String]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def inspect
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+ %(#<#{self.class.name}:#{object_id} "#{value}">)
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # Produces a pretty human readable representation of the invalid line.
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+ #
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+ # @param pp [PrettyPrint] pretty printer
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+ # @return [void]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def pretty_print(pp)
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+ pp.text("#{self.class.name}/#{object_id}< #{value} >")
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # @!endgroup Formatting Methods
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ require_relative "invalid_line"
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+ require_relative "rule"
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+ require_relative "user_agent_rule"
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+ require_relative "allow_rule"
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+ require_relative "disallow_rule"
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+ require_relative "rule_set"
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+ require_relative "group"
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+ require_relative "robots_txt"
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # robots.txt parser. It implements the parsing logic according to RFC 9309, including errata.
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+ class Parser
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+ # You may get this error if the input does not look like a text file.
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+ class BinaryInputError < Error; end
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+
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+ # You may get this error if the input looks like a text file but its encoding is invalid.
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+ class InvalidEncodingError < Error; end
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+
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+ UTF_8_BOM = "\ufeff"
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+ private_constant :UTF_8_BOM
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+
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+ # @param input [String] The robots.txt content to parse. It must be encoded in UTF-8 or compatible encoding.
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+ def initialize(input)
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+ @input = detect_and_fix_encoding(input).then { |string| strip_bom(string) }
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+ end
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+
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+ # RFC does not explicitly define the generic rule name syntax. It only defines that it has to be case-insensitive.
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+ # It also provides a few pre-defined rule names such as User-Agent, Allow, and Disallow.
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+ # Things that might be different from the RFC intention:
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+ # - The rule name must start with a letter. RFC might allow other characters.
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+ # - The rule name might contain underscores. RFC doesn't mention underscores.
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+ # - The rule name might contain digits. RFC doesn't mention digits, either.
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+ #
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+ # This is only used for plausible rule detection.
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+ RULE_KEY = /\A[a-z][a-z0-9_-]*\s*:/i
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+ private_constant :RULE_KEY
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+
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+ # Actually parse the file.
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+ #
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+ # @return [Gort::RobotsTxt]
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+ def parse
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+ content_lines =
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+ input.lines.map { |line|
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+ line.split("#", 2).first.strip
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+ }
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+ .reject(&:empty?)
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+
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+ rules = content_lines.map { |line| parse_line(line) }
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+ grouped_rules, standalone_rules = partition_rules(rules)
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+ groups = group_rules(grouped_rules)
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+
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+ RobotsTxt.new(groups + standalone_rules)
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+ end
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+
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+ private
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+
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+ # @return [String]
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+ attr_reader :input
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+
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+ # @param string [String]
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+ # @return [String]
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+ def detect_and_fix_encoding(string)
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+ string.encode(Encoding::UTF_8)
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+ rescue EncodingError
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+ require "rchardet"
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+ result = CharDet.detect(string)
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+ raise BinaryInputError, "Input does not look like text" if result["encoding"].nil? || result["confidence"] < 0.25
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+
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+ begin
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+ string
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+ .dup
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+ .force_encoding(result["encoding"])
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+ .encode(Encoding::UTF_8)
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+ rescue EncodingError
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+ raise InvalidEncodingError, "Input string looks like text but its encoding is invalid."
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ # @param string [String]
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+ # @return [String]
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+ def strip_bom(string)
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+ if string[0] == UTF_8_BOM
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+ string[1..] # Remove BOM
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+ else
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+ string
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ # @param line [String]
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+ # @return [UserAgentRule, AllowRule, DisallowRule, Rule, InvalidLine]
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+ def parse_line(line)
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+ if line.match?(RULE_KEY)
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+ # @type var key: String
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+ # @type var value: String
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+ key, value = line.split(":", 2).map(&:strip)
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+ case key.downcase
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+ when "user-agent"
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+ UserAgentRule.new(value)
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+ when "allow"
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+ AllowRule.new(value)
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+ when "disallow"
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+ DisallowRule.new(value)
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+ else
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+ Rule.new(key, value)
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+ end
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+ else
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+ InvalidLine.new(line)
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ # @param rules [Array<UserAgentRule, AllowRule, DisallowRule, Rule, InvalidLine>]
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+ # @return [(Array<UserAgentRule, AllowRule, DisallowRule>, Array<AllowRule, DisallowRule, Rule, InvalidLine>)]
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+ def partition_rules(rules)
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+ standalone_rules = []
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+ grouped_rules = []
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+ rules.each do |rule|
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+ case rule
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+ when UserAgentRule
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+ grouped_rules << rule
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+ when AllowRule, DisallowRule
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+ if grouped_rules.empty?
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+ standalone_rules << rule
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+ else
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+ grouped_rules << rule
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+ end
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+ else
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+ standalone_rules << rule
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ [grouped_rules, standalone_rules]
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+ end
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+
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+ # @param rules [Array<UserAgentRule, AllowRule, DisallowRule>]
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+ # @return [Array<Group>]
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+ def group_rules(rules)
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+ rules
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+ .slice_when { |a, b| !a.is_a?(UserAgentRule) && b.is_a?(UserAgentRule) }
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+ .map { |group| Group.new(group) }
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ require_relative "rule"
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+ require "addressable/uri"
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # A rule that matches a path and query string.
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+ #
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+ # @abstract
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+ class PathRule < Rule
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+ # Path patter has to start with a slash and not contain control characters or hash.
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+ # It also has to be a valid UTF-8 string but this is checked diring parsing.
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+ # It also can be empty.
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+ PATH_PATTERN = %r{\A(?:[/*][^\u0000-\u0020\u0023$]*\$?)?\z}u
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+ private_constant :PATH_PATTERN
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+
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+ def valid?
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+ value.match?(PATH_PATTERN)
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+ end
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+
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+ # Match the path and query string against the rule.
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+ # Invalid rules never match.
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+ # Empty rules never match, either. This is not explicitly stated in the RFC
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+ # but it is explicitly described in previous robots.txt documents.
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+ #
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+ # @param path_and_query [String]
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+ # @return [nil, (Integer, PathRule)]
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+ # - +nil+ if the rule does not match the path and query string.
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+ # - An array with the number of bytes matched and the rule itself if the rule matches.
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+ def match(path_and_query)
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+ return nil if !valid? || value.empty?
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+
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+ path_and_query = normalize_path_and_query(path_and_query)
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+ match = path_and_query.match(regexp)
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+ return nil unless match
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+
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+ [match.to_s.bytesize, self]
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+ end
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+
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+ # @!group Formatting Methods
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+
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+ # A human readable representation of the rule.
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+ #
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+ # @return [String]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def inspect
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+ %(#<#{self.class.name}:#{object_id} "#{value}">)
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # Produces a pretty human readable representation of the rule.
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+ #
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+ # @param pp [PrettyPrint] pretty printer
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+ # @return [void]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def pretty_print(pp)
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+ pp.text("#{self.class.name}/#{object_id}< #{value} >")
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # @!endgroup Formatting Methods
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+
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+ private
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+
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+ # @param path_and_query [String]
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+ # @return [String]
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+ def normalize_path_and_query(path_and_query)
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+ pq = Addressable::URI.parse(path_and_query).normalize
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+ pq.scheme = nil
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+ pq.authority = nil
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+ pq.fragment = nil
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+ pq.to_s
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+ end
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+
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+ # @return [Regexp]
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+ def regexp
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+ @regexp ||=
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+ begin
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+ parts = value.scan(/[^*$]+|[*$]/)
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+ regexp_parts =
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+ parts.map { |part|
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+ case part
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+ when "*"
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+ ".*"
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+ when "$"
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+ "\\z"
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+ else
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+ Regexp.escape(Addressable::URI.normalized_encode(part))
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+ end
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+ }
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+
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+ Regexp.new("\\A#{regexp_parts.join}")
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # Represents a robots.txt file.
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+ class RobotsTxt
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+ ROBOTS_TXT_PATH = "/robots.txt"
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+ private_constant :ROBOTS_TXT_PATH
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+
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+ def initialize(rules)
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+ @rules = rules
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+ end
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+
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+ # @return [Array<Rule, Group, InvalidLine>]
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+ attr_reader :rules
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+
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+ # Is this path allowed for the given user agent?
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+ #
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+ # @param user_agent [String]
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+ # @param path_and_query [String]
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+ # @return [Boolean]
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+ # @see PathRule#match
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+ # @see #disallow?
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+ def allow?(user_agent, path_and_query)
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+ return true if path_and_query == ROBOTS_TXT_PATH
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+
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+ top_match =
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+ matches(user_agent, path_and_query)
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+ .compact
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+ # This is an arcane bit.
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+ # The rules are reverse sorted by match length (i.e. longest first),
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+ # and then by class name using the fact that allow goes before disallow.
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+ # This is the rule precedence order defined in the RFC.
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+ .min_by { |(match_length, rule)| [-match_length, rule.class.name] }
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+
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+ # Allow if there is no match or the top match is an allow rule.
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+ top_match.nil? || top_match.last.is_a?(AllowRule)
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+ end
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+
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+ # Is this path disallowed for the given user agent?
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+ #
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+ # @param user_agent [String]
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+ # @param path_and_query [String]
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+ # @return [Boolean]
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+ # @see PathRule#match
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+ # @see #allow?
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+ def disallow?(user_agent, path_and_query)
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+ !allow?(user_agent, path_and_query)
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+ end
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+
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+ # @!group Formatting Methods
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+
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+ # A human readable representation of the robots.txt.
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+ #
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+ # @return [String]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def inspect
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+ "#<#{self.class.name}:#{object_id} #{rules.inspect}>"
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # Produces a pretty human readable representation of the robots.txt.
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+ #
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+ # @param pp [PrettyPrint] pretty printer
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+ # @return [void]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def pretty_print(pp)
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+ pp.text("#{self.class.name}/#{object_id}")
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+ pp.group(1, "[", "]") do
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+ pp.breakable("")
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+ pp.seplist(rules) do |rule|
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+ pp.pp(rule)
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+ end
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+ pp.breakable("")
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # @!endgroup Formatting Methods
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+
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+ private
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+
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+ def matches(user_agent, path)
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+ # @type var groups: Array<Group>
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+ groups = rules.select { |rule| rule.is_a?(Group) && rule.valid? && rule.apply?(user_agent) }
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+ groups.flat_map do |group|
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+ group.rules.filter_map do |rule|
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+ next unless rule.is_a?(PathRule)
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+
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+ rule.match(path)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
data/lib/gort/rule.rb ADDED
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # Generic rule.
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+ # This represents an entry that looks like a valid rule but otherwise doesn't
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+ # have a more specialized implementation.
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+ class Rule
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+ # @param name [Symbol] The name of the rule.
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+ # @param value [String] The value of the rule.
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+ def initialize(name, value)
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+ @name = name.downcase.to_sym
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+ @value = value
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+ end
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+
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+ # The name of the rule.
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+ # @return [Symbol]
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+ attr_reader :name
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+
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+ # The value of the rule.
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+ # @return [String]
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+ attr_reader :value
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+
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+ # @!group Formatting Methods
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+
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+ # A human readable representation of the rule.
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+ #
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+ # @return [String]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
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+ def inspect
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+ %(#<#{self.class.name}:#{object_id} "#{name}", "#{value}">)
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # Produces a pretty human readable representation of the rule.
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+ #
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+ # @param pp [PrettyPrint] pretty printer
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+ # @return [void]
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+ # @tool
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+ # :nocov:
41
+ def pretty_print(pp)
42
+ pp.text("#{self.class.name}/#{object_id}< #{name.inspect}, #{value} >")
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+ end
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+ # :nocov:
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+
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+ # @!endgroup Formatting Methods
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+ end
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+ end
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+ # frozen_string_literal: true
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+
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+ module Gort
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+ # Abstract rule set.
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+ #
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+ # @abstract
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+ class RuleSet
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+ # @param rules [Array<Group, UserAgentRule, AllowRule, DisallowRule, Rule, InvalidLine>]
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+ # The rules. Or invalid lines.
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+ def initialize(*rules)
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+ @rules = rules.flatten.freeze
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+ end
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+
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+ # Rules in this set
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+ # @return [Array<Group, UserAgentRule, AllowRule, DisallowRule, Rule, InvalidLine>]
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+ attr_reader :rules
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+
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+ # Make a new set by mergin this one with another.
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+ # @param other [RuleSet]
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+ # @return [RuleSet]
21
+ def merge(other)
22
+ self.class.new(rules + other.rules)
23
+ end
24
+ end
25
+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
1
+ # frozen_string_literal: true
2
+
3
+ require_relative "rule"
4
+
5
+ module Gort
6
+ # User-agent rule.
7
+ class UserAgentRule < Rule
8
+ def initialize(value)
9
+ super(:"user-agent", value)
10
+ end
11
+
12
+ PRODUCT_TOKEN_RE = /\A([a-z_-]+|\*)\z/i
13
+ private_constant :PRODUCT_TOKEN_RE
14
+
15
+ # Returns +true+ if the value is a valid user agent.
16
+ #
17
+ # A user agent token is a sequence of letters (a—z, A—Z), digits (0—9),
18
+ # underscores (_), or hyphens (-). Alternatively, a single asterisk (*) is also allowed.
19
+ #
20
+ # @return [Boolean]
21
+ # - +true+ if the value is a valid product token
22
+ # - +false+ otherwise
23
+ def valid?
24
+ value.match?(PRODUCT_TOKEN_RE)
25
+ end
26
+
27
+ # @!group Formatting Methods
28
+
29
+ # A human readable representation of the rule.
30
+ #
31
+ # @return [String]
32
+ # @tool
33
+ # :nocov:
34
+ def inspect
35
+ %(#<#{self.class.name}:#{object_id} "#{value}">)
36
+ end
37
+ # :nocov:
38
+
39
+ # Produces a pretty human readable representation of the rule.
40
+ #
41
+ # @param pp [PrettyPrint] pretty printer
42
+ # @return [void]
43
+ # @tool
44
+ # :nocov:
45
+ def pretty_print(pp)
46
+ pp.text("#{self.class.name}/#{object_id}< #{value} >")
47
+ end
48
+ # :nocov:
49
+
50
+ # @!endgroup Formatting Methods
51
+ end
52
+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
1
+ # frozen_string_literal: true
2
+
3
+ module Gort
4
+ # Gem version
5
+ VERSION = "0.1.0"
6
+ end
data/lib/gort.rb ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
1
+ # frozen_string_literal: true
2
+
3
+ require_relative "gort/version"
4
+
5
+ # Gort is a robots.txt parser and evaluator.
6
+ module Gort
7
+ # Gort's top error class. All other errors inherit from this.
8
+ class Error < StandardError; end
9
+
10
+ # Parse the given robots.txt input and return a RobotsTxt instance.
11
+ #
12
+ # @param input [String] the robots.txt input to parse
13
+ # @return [RobotsTxt] the parsed robots.txt
14
+ def self.parse(input)
15
+ Parser.new(input).parse
16
+ end
17
+ end
18
+
19
+ require_relative "gort/parser"
data.tar.gz.sig ADDED
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metadata ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
1
+ --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
2
+ name: gort
3
+ version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
4
+ version: 0.1.0
5
+ platform: ruby
6
+ authors:
7
+ - Alexander Mankuta
8
+ autorequire:
9
+ bindir: bin
10
+ cert_chain:
11
+ - |
12
+ -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
13
+ MIIC+jCCAeKgAwIBAgIBAzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAjMSEwHwYDVQQDDBhhbGV4
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+ JUKh3ydiZShXpNHoV/NW7hhEYvNsDcBAjYTmbvXOhuYCo0Tz/0N2Oiun/0wIICtP
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+ vytY9TY0/lklWjAbsqJjNOu3o8IYkJBAN/rU96E/6WhFwjnxLcTnV9RfFRXdjG5j
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24
+ 4b5luBO22535+Vgj2jw7yjV8KKoGMWKrnB00ijgntqPEPXCzaPNibOcPZV5WfWVS
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+ t0Ls8lWE/8kezPwV4SbRe4Y7C+D4J+oirs0L5PtpREV9CJ7kfdW/AN9MtvjjBFlb
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+ jHquD/MiOOMyHtuO0FiTL265m10thcAUsbyi0MehKgGbtJ5fGceHvZDqDouvbMjT
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+ hoijFk1oTY939JhjdcHuJzMiS2TrqIw8Dr5DkQu2vAjHpw0aOOWhlRjNJ7RHYJNm
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+ QugXmCnHQxSKTmc7imKuotyMdRRKFh8UEFCLRsFtBbNxkXyNuB4xBMuUYodhEw==
29
+ -----END CERTIFICATE-----
30
+ date: 2024-06-22 00:00:00.000000000 Z
31
+ dependencies:
32
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
33
+ name: addressable
34
+ requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
35
+ requirements:
36
+ - - "~>"
37
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
38
+ version: '2.8'
39
+ type: :runtime
40
+ prerelease: false
41
+ version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
42
+ requirements:
43
+ - - "~>"
44
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
45
+ version: '2.8'
46
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
47
+ name: rchardet
48
+ requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
49
+ requirements:
50
+ - - "~>"
51
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
52
+ version: '1.8'
53
+ type: :runtime
54
+ prerelease: false
55
+ version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
56
+ requirements:
57
+ - - "~>"
58
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
59
+ version: '1.8'
60
+ description: robots.txt parser and evaluator according to RFC 9309.
61
+ email:
62
+ - alex@pointless.one
63
+ executables: []
64
+ extensions: []
65
+ extra_rdoc_files: []
66
+ files:
67
+ - LICENSE.txt
68
+ - lib/gort.rb
69
+ - lib/gort/allow_rule.rb
70
+ - lib/gort/disallow_rule.rb
71
+ - lib/gort/group.rb
72
+ - lib/gort/invalid_line.rb
73
+ - lib/gort/parser.rb
74
+ - lib/gort/path_rule.rb
75
+ - lib/gort/robots_txt.rb
76
+ - lib/gort/rule.rb
77
+ - lib/gort/rule_set.rb
78
+ - lib/gort/user_agent_rule.rb
79
+ - lib/gort/version.rb
80
+ homepage:
81
+ licenses:
82
+ - MIT
83
+ metadata:
84
+ allowed_push_host: https://rubygems.org
85
+ rubygems_mfa_required: 'true'
86
+ post_install_message:
87
+ rdoc_options: []
88
+ require_paths:
89
+ - lib
90
+ required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
91
+ requirements:
92
+ - - ">="
93
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
94
+ version: '3.1'
95
+ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
96
+ requirements:
97
+ - - ">="
98
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
99
+ version: '0'
100
+ requirements: []
101
+ rubygems_version: 3.5.9
102
+ signing_key:
103
+ specification_version: 4
104
+ summary: robots.txt parser and evaluator.
105
+ test_files: []
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