get-smart 0.0.2 → 0.1.0
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- checksums.yaml +4 -4
- data/README.md +25 -3
- data/lib/get/smart/ai/verifier.rb +99 -0
- data/lib/get/smart/version.rb +1 -1
- metadata +17 -46
- data/files/gems/acts-as-taggable-on/expert/dynamic_tag_contexts.md +0 -31
- data/files/gems/devise/advanced/dynamic_omniauth_providers.md.md +0 -15
- data/files/gems/sidekiq/expert/sidekiq_retry_jitter.md +0 -31
- data/files/rails/active_record_associations/expert/recursive_self_referential_tree.md +0 -15
- data/files/rails/active_record_migrations/expert/squash_and_manage_migration_versions.md +0 -14
- data/files/rails/forms/advanced/stimulus_reflex_real_time_validation.md +0 -24
- data/files/rails/models/advanced/advisory_locks_for_concurrency_control.md +0 -8
- data/files/rails/secrets_and_credentials/advanced/credentials_rotation_workflow.md +0 -22
- data/files/rails/views/expert/i18n_view_precompilation.md +0 -15
- data/files/ruby/compression/expert/parallel_zstd_compression_with_ffi.md +0 -77
- data/files/ruby/concurrency_and_mutexes/expert/hybrid_spinlock.md +0 -53
- data/files/ruby/date_time/expert/leap_second_wrapper.md +0 -36
- data/files/ruby/file_io/expert/descriptor_manipulation.md +0 -25
- data/files/ruby/irb/expert/sandboxed_session.md +0 -17
- data/files/ruby/matrix/expert/cblas_dgemm_acceleration.md +0 -52
- data/files/ruby/matrix/expert/strassen_matrix_multiplication.md +0 -75
- data/files/ruby/strings/advanced/advanced_interpolation.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/advanced/complex_escapes.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/advanced/emoji_handling.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/advanced/literals_stacking.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/advanced/safe_concat.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/advanced/strip_margin_heredoc.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/advanced/unicode_normalization.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/ast_pattern_strings.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/deep_dup.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/demo_continue.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/drb_string_marshalling_hash.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/fiber_storage_usage.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/fstring_eval.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/functional_fstrings.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/gb_string_increment.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/heredoc_inheritance.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/opengl_strings.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/regex_named_captures.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/regex_performance.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/sprintf_named.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/stateful_sub/",{.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/strict_encodings.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/string_gc_optimizations.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/expert/zero_copy_substring.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/middle/demo.json.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/middle/logging_demos.md.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/strings/middle/session_parse.md +0 -1
- data/files/ruby/syntax/advanced/define_method_with_closure.md +0 -17
checksums.yaml
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data.tar.gz: b43cb1db8beefe010b144c40c00645d43f3211b63b95be987fcb348abf06809a07d5d2d989d1a714d3dab2bdda664b55bb2cd73a5ced4d5b11f7186f3d0dac88
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data/README.md
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# Get::Smart - Learn Ruby and Rails by examples
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[](https://www.railsjazz.com)
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[](https://www.patreon.com/igorkasyanchuk)
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[](https://buymeacoffee.com/igorkasyanchuk)
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Learn something new every time you boot your Rails application.
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Note: all tips were generated by AI (using o4-mini) and stored in markdown files. Quick and dirty. I've validated them a Gemini AI, and some random manually.
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Behind the scenes I have a simple logic to avoid showing the same tip twice and showing contextual tips (based on Gemfile, package.json, etc). Not everything is ready yet, but I'm working on it.
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If you want to contribute, please create a PR with your changes.
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If you want to contribute, please create a PR with your changes.
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## Usage
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bin/generator "ruby on rails security tips & tricks" "rails/security" 10 "middle"
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```
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Later you can verify the tips with (see #Verifier for more details).
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```bash
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bin/verifier files/rails/security
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```
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## Tree (in Rails app)
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Get a tree of all the tips in the `files` folder (according to the current gem config).
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bundle exec bin/generator "file compression in ruby expert usage examples" "files/ruby/compression" 2 "expert"
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```
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To create folders in files/gems/devise folders (beginner, middle, advanced, expert).
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## Verifier
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Verifier uses Gemini API to verify the tips (an additional step to ensure the quality of the tips). Setup Gemini API key in `.env` file.
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To verify the tips run:
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```bash
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bin/verifier files/gems/devise
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```
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## Tasks
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- readme updates, how to use, options, how to contribute, links to other repos
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## License
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The gem is available as open source under the terms of the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT).
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[](https://buymeacoffee.com/igorkasyanchuk)
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require "faraday"
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require "json"
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require "active_support/all"
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require "colorize"
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module Get::Smart
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module Ai
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class Verifier
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class GeminiClient
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BASE_URL = "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/"
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DEFAULT_MODEL = "gemini-2.0-flash"
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TEMPERATURE = 1.0
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attr_reader :model
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def initialize(model: DEFAULT_MODEL)
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@model = model
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end
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def call(instructions:, prompt:, temperature: TEMPERATURE)
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Faraday.post("#{BASE_URL}#{model}:generateContent?key=#{ENV.fetch("GEMINI_API_KEY")}") do |req|
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req.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
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req.body = {
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"contents": [ {
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"parts": [ { "text": prompt } ]
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} ],
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"generationConfig": {
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"response_mime_type": "application/json",
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"temperature": temperature,
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"maxOutputTokens": 30000
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},
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"system_instruction": {
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"parts": [ {
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"text": instructions
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} ]
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}
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}.to_json
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end
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end
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end
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attr_reader :folder
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def initialize(folder:)
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@folder = folder
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end
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def call
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files = Dir.glob("#{folder}/**/*.md")
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files.each do |file|
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begin
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content = File.read(file)
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response = GeminiClient.new.call(instructions: instructions, prompt: content)
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json = JSON.parse(JSON.parse(response.body).dig("candidates", 0, "content", "parts", 0, "text"))
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score_txt = json["score"].to_i >= 8 ? json["score"].to_i.to_s.green : json["score"].to_i.to_s.red
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puts "#{file}: #{score_txt}" + (json["details"].present? ? " #{json["details"]}".yellow : "")
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sleep 0.1
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if File.size(file) < 10
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puts "#{file}: DELETING, size: #{File.size(file)}"
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File.delete(file)
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end
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rescue JSON::ParserError => e
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puts "#{file}: SKIP"
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end
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end
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end
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def instructions
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<<~INSTRUCTIONS
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You are a helpful expert in Ruby and Rails, full stack developer with knowledge of Ruby, Rails, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, Git, and other related technologies.
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Your role is to verify content of the useful tips for Ruby and Rails developers.
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You need to rate the content of the tip from 1 to 10 in order to determine if it is working, useful and helpful for Ruby and Rails developers.
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When 10 is the highest score, it means that the tip is working, useful and helpful for Ruby and Rails developers.
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When 1 is the lowest score, it means that the tip is not working, not useful and not helpful for Ruby and Rails developers.
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You need to return only the score from 1 to 10.
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If file is empty, or no tip return 0.
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If something is wrong with the tip return details about what is wrong and how to fix it, but keep short.
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Example of response:
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```json
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{
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"score": 10
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}
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```
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or
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```json
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{
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"score": 1,
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"details": "The tip is not working, not useful and not helpful for Ruby and Rails developers."
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}
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```
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Only reply in JSON format.
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INSTRUCTIONS
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end
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end
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end
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end
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data/lib/get/smart/version.rb
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--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
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name: get-smart
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version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
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version: 0.0
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version: 0.1.0
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platform: ruby
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authors:
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- Igor Kasyanchuk
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bindir: bin
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cert_chain: []
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date: 2025-05-
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date: 2025-05-12 00:00:00.000000000 Z
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dependencies:
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name: faraday
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requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
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requirements:
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version: '0'
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type: :development
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prerelease: false
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version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
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requirements:
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version: '0'
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description: Learn Ruby and Rails by examples
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email:
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1
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## 🚀 Dynamic Tag Contexts with Custom Scopes
|
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You can define and manipulate tag contexts at runtime to build more flexible tagging systems. This approach lets you add or remove contexts dynamically based on business logic, without altering your model definitions.
|
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```ruby
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# Define a base taggable model without fixed contexts
|
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class Article < ApplicationRecord
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acts_as_taggable_on :_dynamic
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# Dynamically add contexts
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acts_as_taggable_on context_name
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end
|
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end
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# Usage
|
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17
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|
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18
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article = Article.create(title: "Dynamic Tags")
|
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article.seo_keywords_list.add("rails", "performance")
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article.save
|
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```
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You can also remove contexts on the fly:
|
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|
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```ruby
|
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def self.remove_context(context_name)
|
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|
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end
|
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```
|
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This pattern is ideal for multi-tenant apps where each tenant may require custom tagging domains.
|
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## 🔑 Dynamic OmniAuth Provider Setup
|
|
2
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-
|
|
3
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For scenarios where OAuth providers change at runtime, load provider credentials from the database into Devise on each boot. Wrapping in `Devise.setup` ensures strategies register correctly across environments.
|
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|
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```ruby
|
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# config/initializers/devise.rb
|
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7
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-
Devise.setup do |config|
|
|
8
|
-
Provider.active.each do |provider|
|
|
9
|
-
config.omniauth provider.name.to_sym,
|
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-
provider.app_id,
|
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|
-
provider.app_secret
|
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12
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end
|
|
13
|
-
# ... other Devise config
|
|
14
|
-
end
|
|
15
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## ⚡️ Exponential Backoff with Jitter for Retries
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
By default Sidekiq uses a linear retry interval. For high-throughput systems you can implement an exponential backoff with jitter to reduce retry storms. Create a custom retry middleware that computes `sleep` time using a power function plus a random jitter.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
# config/initializers/sidekiq_retry_jitter.rb
|
|
7
|
-
module Sidekiq
|
|
8
|
-
module Middleware
|
|
9
|
-
module Server
|
|
10
|
-
class ExponentialRetry
|
|
11
|
-
def call(worker, msg, queue)
|
|
12
|
-
yield
|
|
13
|
-
rescue => e
|
|
14
|
-
retry_count = msg['retry_count'] || 0
|
|
15
|
-
# exponential base (2^n) plus random jitter up to 5s
|
|
16
|
-
backoff = (2**retry_count) + rand(0..5)
|
|
17
|
-
Sidekiq.logger.info("Retrying \\#{msg['jid']} in \\\#{backoff}s (count: \\\#{retry_count})")
|
|
18
|
-
msg['retry'] = true
|
|
19
|
-
msg['retry_count'] = retry_count + 1
|
|
20
|
-
Sidekiq::Client.enqueue_to(queue, worker.class, *msg['args'])
|
|
21
|
-
sleep backoff
|
|
22
|
-
end
|
|
23
|
-
end
|
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24
|
-
end
|
|
25
|
-
end
|
|
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|
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end
|
|
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|
-
|
|
28
|
-
Sidekiq.configure_server do |config|
|
|
29
|
-
config.server_middleware.add Sidekiq::Middleware::Server::ExponentialRetry
|
|
30
|
-
end
|
|
31
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🌳 Recursive Self-referential Tree Associations
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Model hierarchical data using self-referential associations for trees and graphs. By coupling `has_many` and `belongs_to` with a `closure_tree` approach, you can query descendants and ancestors efficiently.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
class Category < ApplicationRecord
|
|
7
|
-
has_many :children, class_name: 'Category', foreign_key: 'parent_id'
|
|
8
|
-
belongs_to :parent, class_name: 'Category', optional: true
|
|
9
|
-
|
|
10
|
-
# get all descendants recursively
|
|
11
|
-
def descendants
|
|
12
|
-
children + children.flat_map(&:descendants)
|
|
13
|
-
end
|
|
14
|
-
end
|
|
15
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🔥 Squash Migrations and Manage Versioning
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Over time, a flurry of small migrations can slow down `rails db:schema:load`. Periodically squash them into one file and adjust the version to keep history clean:
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```bash
|
|
6
|
-
rails db:environment:set RAILS_ENV=production
|
|
7
|
-
rails db:schema:dump
|
|
8
|
-
mv db/schema.rb db/structure.sql # if using structure
|
|
9
|
-
rails db:drop db:create
|
|
10
|
-
rails db:schema:load
|
|
11
|
-
rails db:migrate:status
|
|
12
|
-
```
|
|
13
|
-
|
|
14
|
-
Create a new `0001_squashed_migrations.rb` that reflates the current schema and retire old files. Keep a git tag pointing to the last squashed migration for reference.
|
|
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## ⚡ Real-time Validation with StimulusReflex
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Integrate StimulusReflex for server-rendered, real-time form validations without full page reloads. Reflex actions trigger on input changes, validate server-side, and update only error messages.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
# app/reflexes/form_reflex.rb
|
|
7
|
-
class FormReflex < ApplicationReflex
|
|
8
|
-
def validate
|
|
9
|
-
element = element.dataset[:attribute]
|
|
10
|
-
value = element.value
|
|
11
|
-
@record = User.new(element => value)
|
|
12
|
-
@record.valid?
|
|
13
|
-
end
|
|
14
|
-
end
|
|
15
|
-
```
|
|
16
|
-
|
|
17
|
-
```erb
|
|
18
|
-
<!-- app/views/users/_form.html.erb -->
|
|
19
|
-
<%= form_with model: @user, data: { reflex: 'change->FormReflex#validate' } do |f| %>
|
|
20
|
-
<%= f.text_field :username %>
|
|
21
|
-
<div id="username_errors"><%= @user.errors[:username].join(', ') %></div>
|
|
22
|
-
<%= f.submit %>
|
|
23
|
-
<% end %>
|
|
24
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🧠 Using PostgreSQL Advisory Locks in Models
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Use PostgreSQL advisory locks to serialize complex operations across processes. This avoids deadlocks and race conditions without blocking unrelated transactions.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
class Report < ApplicationRecord
|
|
7
|
-
def generate_with_lock
|
|
8
|
-
lock_id =
|
|
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🔄 Automate Credentials Rotation Workflow
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Regularly rotating your master keys and re-encrypting credentials enhances security. Use a CI/CD job or Rake task to back up your old credentials, generate a new key, and re-encrypt existing secrets programmatically—without manual `rails credentials:edit`.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```bash
|
|
6
|
-
# scripts/rotate_credentials.sh
|
|
7
|
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
|
|
8
|
-
cp config/credentials/production.yml.enc backups/production-$(date +%F).yml.enc
|
|
9
|
-
bundle exec rails credentials:edit --environment production --key-file new_production.key <<'YAML'
|
|
10
|
-
$(EDITOR=cat cat config/credentials/production.yml.enc)
|
|
11
|
-
YAML
|
|
12
|
-
mv new_production.key config/credentials/production.key
|
|
13
|
-
```
|
|
14
|
-
|
|
15
|
-
```yaml
|
|
16
|
-
# Add this to .gitlab-ci.yml or GitHub Actions
|
|
17
|
-
rotate-credentials:
|
|
18
|
-
script:
|
|
19
|
-
- bash scripts/rotate_credentials.sh
|
|
20
|
-
only:
|
|
21
|
-
- schedules
|
|
22
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 📈 Precompile Localized View Templates
|
|
2
|
-
Boost performance by compiling per-locale view templates during asset precompile. Use `I18n.available_locales` to generate variants.
|
|
3
|
-
|
|
4
|
-
```ruby
|
|
5
|
-
# config/initializers/i18n_views.rb
|
|
6
|
-
Rails.application.config.after_initialize do
|
|
7
|
-
I18n.available_locales.each do |locale|
|
|
8
|
-
Dir[Rails.root.join('app/views/**/*.html.erb')].each do |file|
|
|
9
|
-
compiled = ERB.new(File.read(file)).result(binding)
|
|
10
|
-
path = file.sub(/\.erb$/, ".#{locale}.html.erb")
|
|
11
|
-
File.write(path, compiled)
|
|
12
|
-
end
|
|
13
|
-
end
|
|
14
|
-
end
|
|
15
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🧩 Parallel Zstd Compression via FFI
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
For maximum throughput, leverage Zstandard’s high-speed C library with custom FFI bindings and Ruby thread pools. This lets you compress multiple files in parallel while still streaming each file in chunks for low memory usage.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
require 'ffi'
|
|
7
|
-
require 'concurrent'
|
|
8
|
-
|
|
9
|
-
module Zstd
|
|
10
|
-
extend FFI::Library
|
|
11
|
-
ffi_lib 'libzstd'
|
|
12
|
-
attach_function :ZSTD_createCStream, [], :pointer
|
|
13
|
-
attach_function :ZSTD_initCStream, [:pointer, :int], :size_t
|
|
14
|
-
attach_function :ZSTD_compressStream, [:pointer, :pointer, :pointer], :size_t
|
|
15
|
-
attach_function :ZSTD_flushStream, [:pointer, :pointer], :size_t
|
|
16
|
-
attach_function :ZSTD_freeCStream, [:pointer], :size_t
|
|
17
|
-
|
|
18
|
-
class InOut < FFI::Struct
|
|
19
|
-
layout :src, :pointer,
|
|
20
|
-
:srcSize, :size_t,
|
|
21
|
-
:dst, :pointer,
|
|
22
|
-
:dstCapacity, :size_t,
|
|
23
|
-
:dstSize, :size_t
|
|
24
|
-
end
|
|
25
|
-
end
|
|
26
|
-
|
|
27
|
-
POOL = Concurrent::ThreadPoolExecutor.new(
|
|
28
|
-
min_threads: 2,
|
|
29
|
-
max_threads: Concurrent.processor_count,
|
|
30
|
-
max_queue: 0 # unbounded
|
|
31
|
-
)
|
|
32
|
-
|
|
33
|
-
# Compress a single file in a background thread
|
|
34
|
-
def compress_zstd(input_path, output_path, level: 3, chunk_size: 16 * 1024)
|
|
35
|
-
POOL.post do
|
|
36
|
-
in_file = File.open(input_path, 'rb')
|
|
37
|
-
out_file = File.open(output_path, 'wb')
|
|
38
|
-
|
|
39
|
-
cstream = Zstd.ZSTD_createCStream()
|
|
40
|
-
raise "Init error" if Zstd.ZSTD_initCStream(cstream, level) != 0
|
|
41
|
-
|
|
42
|
-
io_struct = Zstd::InOut.new
|
|
43
|
-
io_struct[:dstCapacity] = Zstd.lib.ZSTD_CStreamOutSize()
|
|
44
|
-
io_struct[:dst] = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:char, io_struct[:dstCapacity])
|
|
45
|
-
|
|
46
|
-
while (data = in_file.read(chunk_size))
|
|
47
|
-
io_struct[:src] = FFI::MemoryPointer.from_string(data)
|
|
48
|
-
io_struct[:srcSize] = data.bytesize
|
|
49
|
-
|
|
50
|
-
while io_struct[:srcSize] > 0
|
|
51
|
-
ret = Zstd.ZSTD_compressStream(cstream, io_struct, io_struct)
|
|
52
|
-
out_file.write(io_struct[:dst].read_string(io_struct[:dstSize]))
|
|
53
|
-
io_struct[:src] = io_struct[:src] + (data.bytesize - io_struct[:srcSize])
|
|
54
|
-
end
|
|
55
|
-
end
|
|
56
|
-
|
|
57
|
-
# Flush remaining data
|
|
58
|
-
while Zstd.ZSTD_flushStream(cstream, io_struct) > 0
|
|
59
|
-
out_file.write(io_struct[:dst].read_string(io_struct[:dstSize]))
|
|
60
|
-
end
|
|
61
|
-
|
|
62
|
-
Zstd.ZSTD_freeCStream(cstream)
|
|
63
|
-
in_file.close
|
|
64
|
-
out_file.close
|
|
65
|
-
end
|
|
66
|
-
end
|
|
67
|
-
|
|
68
|
-
# Kick off parallel compression for multiple files
|
|
69
|
-
['video1.mp4', 'video2.mp4', 'large.db'].each do |file|
|
|
70
|
-
compress_zstd(file, "#{file}.zst", level: 5)
|
|
71
|
-
end
|
|
72
|
-
|
|
73
|
-
POOL.shutdown
|
|
74
|
-
POOL.wait_for_termination
|
|
75
|
-
```
|
|
76
|
-
|
|
77
|
-
This pattern maximizes CPU utilization across cores and streams each file efficiently without high memory overhead.
|
|
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## ⚙️ Hybrid Spinlock: Combining Spin‐then‐Block for Low Latency
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
For short‐critical sections, a pure `Mutex` can incur syscalls. Implement a spin‐then‐block strategy: spin for a few CPU cycles before falling back to blocking, reducing latency under low contention.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
require 'ffi'
|
|
7
|
-
|
|
8
|
-
module SpinLock
|
|
9
|
-
extend FFI::Library
|
|
10
|
-
ffi_lib FFI::Library::LIBC
|
|
11
|
-
attach_function :sched_yield, [], :int
|
|
12
|
-
end
|
|
13
|
-
|
|
14
|
-
class HybridLock
|
|
15
|
-
def initialize(spin_limit = 100)
|
|
16
|
-
@mutex = Mutex.new
|
|
17
|
-
@spin_limit = spin_limit
|
|
18
|
-
@locked = false
|
|
19
|
-
@lock_mutex = Mutex.new
|
|
20
|
-
end
|
|
21
|
-
|
|
22
|
-
def lock
|
|
23
|
-
@spin_limit.times do
|
|
24
|
-
return if try_lock
|
|
25
|
-
SpinLock.sched_yield
|
|
26
|
-
end
|
|
27
|
-
@mutex.lock
|
|
28
|
-
@locked = true
|
|
29
|
-
end
|
|
30
|
-
|
|
31
|
-
def unlock
|
|
32
|
-
if @locked
|
|
33
|
-
@locked = false
|
|
34
|
-
@mutex.unlock
|
|
35
|
-
end
|
|
36
|
-
end
|
|
37
|
-
|
|
38
|
-
def try_lock
|
|
39
|
-
@lock_mutex.synchronize do
|
|
40
|
-
return false if @locked
|
|
41
|
-
@locked = true
|
|
42
|
-
true
|
|
43
|
-
end
|
|
44
|
-
end
|
|
45
|
-
end
|
|
46
|
-
|
|
47
|
-
# Usage
|
|
48
|
-
lock = HybridLock.new(200)
|
|
49
|
-
threads = 20.times.map { Thread.new { lock.lock; /* work */; lock.unlock } }
|
|
50
|
-
threads.each(&:join)
|
|
51
|
-
```
|
|
52
|
-
|
|
53
|
-
Spin briefly to catch fast releases; fallback to standard `Mutex` if contention persists.
|
|
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🎛️ Custom Leap Second Handling
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Ruby’s core `Time`/`DateTime` ignores leap seconds, leading to subtle off‑by‑one-second errors in physics or telecom domains. Maintain an external leap‑second table (from IERS) and wrap conversions to adjust UTC ↔ TAI properly.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
Example: lightweight leap‑second wrapper:
|
|
6
|
-
|
|
7
|
-
```ruby
|
|
8
|
-
require 'date'
|
|
9
|
-
LEAP_SECONDS = {
|
|
10
|
-
DateTime.new(2016,12,31,23,59,60,'+00:00') => 1,
|
|
11
|
-
# ... load from official table ...
|
|
12
|
-
}
|
|
13
|
-
|
|
14
|
-
class LeapTime
|
|
15
|
-
def initialize(dt)
|
|
16
|
-
@dt = dt
|
|
17
|
-
end
|
|
18
|
-
|
|
19
|
-
# Returns TAI (International Atomic Time) offset in seconds
|
|
20
|
-
def to_tai
|
|
21
|
-
offset = LEAP_SECONDS.select { |d,_| d <= @dt }.values.sum
|
|
22
|
-
@dt.to_time.to_i + offset
|
|
23
|
-
end
|
|
24
|
-
|
|
25
|
-
# Convert TAI seconds back to UTC DateTime
|
|
26
|
-
def self.from_tai(tai_sec)
|
|
27
|
-
# reverse lookup: subtract cumulative leap seconds
|
|
28
|
-
dt = Time.at(tai_sec).utc.to_datetime
|
|
29
|
-
corrections = LEAP_SECONDS.select { |d,_| d <= dt }.values.sum
|
|
30
|
-
(Time.at(tai_sec - corrections).utc).to_datetime
|
|
31
|
-
end
|
|
32
|
-
end
|
|
33
|
-
|
|
34
|
-
dt = DateTime.now.new_offset(0)
|
|
35
|
-
puts "TAI seconds: #{LeapTime.new(dt).to_tai}"
|
|
36
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🔧 Manipulate File Descriptors Directly via FFI and `fcntl`
|
|
2
|
-
When you need to tweak low‑level flags (e.g., set `O_DIRECT` for bypassing page cache), use Ruby’s FFI to call `fcntl` on the file descriptor.
|
|
3
|
-
|
|
4
|
-
```ruby
|
|
5
|
-
require 'ffi'
|
|
6
|
-
|
|
7
|
-
module SysCtl
|
|
8
|
-
extend FFI::Library
|
|
9
|
-
ffi_lib FFI::Library::LIBC
|
|
10
|
-
FFI::TypeDefs = { int: :int }
|
|
11
|
-
attach_function :fcntl, [:int, :int, :int], :int
|
|
12
|
-
end
|
|
13
|
-
|
|
14
|
-
O_DIRECT = 0o40000
|
|
15
|
-
file = File.open('data.bin', 'r+')
|
|
16
|
-
fd = file.fileno
|
|
17
|
-
res = SysCtl.fcntl(fd, SysCtl::Fcntl::F_SETFL, O_DIRECT)
|
|
18
|
-
raise "fcntl failed" if res == -1
|
|
19
|
-
|
|
20
|
-
# Now reads and writes bypass the OS page cache (alignment restrictions apply)
|
|
21
|
-
file.read(4096)
|
|
22
|
-
file.close
|
|
23
|
-
```
|
|
24
|
-
|
|
25
|
-
This grants ultimate control over I/O semantics but requires careful attention to alignment and performance implications.
|
|
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🛡️ Sandboxed IRB with Safe Levels
|
|
2
|
-
Run untrusted code or plugins within a restricted IRB session by leveraging Ruby's `$SAFE` levels (MRI ≤2.6) or `Sandbox` gems for modern versions.
|
|
3
|
-
|
|
4
|
-
```ruby
|
|
5
|
-
require 'sandbox'
|
|
6
|
-
sb = Sandbox.new
|
|
7
|
-
sb.eval('File.write("/tmp/hacked", "oops")') # blocked by sandbox
|
|
8
|
-
sb.eval('2 + 2') # => 4
|
|
9
|
-
|
|
10
|
-
# For MRI ≤2.6, you can also:
|
|
11
|
-
Thread.new do
|
|
12
|
-
$SAFE = 3
|
|
13
|
-
eval("File.read('/etc/passwd')") # raises SecurityError
|
|
14
|
-
end.join
|
|
15
|
-
```
|
|
16
|
-
|
|
17
|
-
This isolates evaluation contexts, preventing file system or system call escapes. Use it when loading third‑party IRB extensions.
|
|
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🧪 Accelerate Matrix Operations with BLAS via Fiddle
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Ruby’s `Matrix` is flexible but not optimized for large-scale numeric workloads. By binding to a native BLAS library with `Fiddle`, you can offload heavy multiplications to highly tuned C routines like `cblas_dgemm`. Below is a minimal example showing how to `require 'fiddle'`, link to `libblas`, and call `cblas_dgemm` directly.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
require 'fiddle'
|
|
7
|
-
require 'fiddle/import'
|
|
8
|
-
require 'matrix'
|
|
9
|
-
|
|
10
|
-
module BLAS
|
|
11
|
-
extend Fiddle::Importer
|
|
12
|
-
dlload 'libblas.so' # or 'libopenblas.so'
|
|
13
|
-
extern 'void cblas_dgemm(int, int, int, int, int, int, double, double*, int, double*, int, double, double*, int)'
|
|
14
|
-
|
|
15
|
-
CBLAS_ROW_MAJOR = 101
|
|
16
|
-
CBLAS_NO_TRANS = 111
|
|
17
|
-
end
|
|
18
|
-
|
|
19
|
-
class FastMatrix
|
|
20
|
-
def initialize(matrix)
|
|
21
|
-
@rows, @cols = matrix.row_count, matrix.column_count
|
|
22
|
-
@data = Fiddle::Pointer[matrix.to_a.flatten.pack('d*')]
|
|
23
|
-
end
|
|
24
|
-
|
|
25
|
-
def mul(other)
|
|
26
|
-
raise unless @cols == other.row_count
|
|
27
|
-
result = Fiddle::Pointer.malloc(@rows * other.column_count * Fiddle::SIZEOF_DOUBLE)
|
|
28
|
-
|
|
29
|
-
BLAS.cblas_dgemm(
|
|
30
|
-
BLAS::CBLAS_ROW_MAJOR,
|
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31
|
-
BLAS::CBLAS_NO_TRANS, BLAS::CBLAS_NO_TRANS,
|
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32
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-
@rows, other.column_count, @cols,
|
|
33
|
-
1.0,
|
|
34
|
-
@data, @cols,
|
|
35
|
-
other_data = Fiddle::Pointer[other.to_a.flatten.pack('d*')], other.row_count,
|
|
36
|
-
0.0,
|
|
37
|
-
result, other.column_count
|
|
38
|
-
)
|
|
39
|
-
|
|
40
|
-
Matrix.rows(Array.new(@rows) do |i|
|
|
41
|
-
Array.new(other.column_count) do |j|
|
|
42
|
-
result.ptr.to_s.unpack('d*')[i * other.column_count + j]
|
|
43
|
-
end
|
|
44
|
-
end)
|
|
45
|
-
end
|
|
46
|
-
end
|
|
47
|
-
|
|
48
|
-
# Usage:
|
|
49
|
-
a = FastMatrix.new(Matrix.build(500){ rand })
|
|
50
|
-
b = FastMatrix.new(Matrix.build(500){ rand })
|
|
51
|
-
c = a.mul(b) # Native BLAS performance
|
|
52
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## ⚡ Implement Strassen's Algorithm for Matrix Multiplication
|
|
2
|
-
|
|
3
|
-
Strassen’s algorithm reduces the asymptotic complexity of multiplying two _n×n_ matrices from O(n³) to approximately O(n².81). For large matrices, this can yield significant speedups. Here’s a pure‑Ruby subclass of `Matrix` that pads to the next power of two, splits into quadrants, and recursively applies Strassen’s method.
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
```ruby
|
|
6
|
-
require 'matrix'
|
|
7
|
-
|
|
8
|
-
class StrassenMatrix < Matrix
|
|
9
|
-
def *(other)
|
|
10
|
-
raise ArgumentError unless self.column_count == other.row_count
|
|
11
|
-
n = [self.row_count, other.column_count].max
|
|
12
|
-
m = 1 << (Math.log2(n).ceil)
|
|
13
|
-
|
|
14
|
-
# Pad to m×m
|
|
15
|
-
a = pad(self, m)
|
|
16
|
-
b = pad(other, m)
|
|
17
|
-
|
|
18
|
-
result = strassen(a, b)
|
|
19
|
-
Matrix.rows(result[0...row_count].map { |r| r[0...other.column_count] })
|
|
20
|
-
end
|
|
21
|
-
|
|
22
|
-
private
|
|
23
|
-
|
|
24
|
-
def pad(mat, size)
|
|
25
|
-
Array.new(size) do |i|
|
|
26
|
-
Array.new(size) { |j| (i < mat.row_count && j < mat.column_count) ? mat[i, j] : 0 }
|
|
27
|
-
end
|
|
28
|
-
end
|
|
29
|
-
|
|
30
|
-
def strassen(a, b)
|
|
31
|
-
n = a.size
|
|
32
|
-
return [[a[0][0] * b[0][0]]] if n == 1
|
|
33
|
-
|
|
34
|
-
k = n / 2
|
|
35
|
-
a11, a12, a21, a22 = split(a, k)
|
|
36
|
-
b11, b12, b21, b22 = split(b, k)
|
|
37
|
-
|
|
38
|
-
m1 = strassen(add(a11, a22), add(b11, b22))
|
|
39
|
-
m2 = strassen(add(a21, a22), b11)
|
|
40
|
-
m3 = strassen(a11, subtract(b12, b22))
|
|
41
|
-
m4 = strassen(a22, subtract(b21, b11))
|
|
42
|
-
m5 = strassen(add(a11, a12), b22)
|
|
43
|
-
m6 = strassen(subtract(a21, a11), add(b11, b12))
|
|
44
|
-
m7 = strassen(subtract(a12, a22), add(b21, b22))
|
|
45
|
-
|
|
46
|
-
c11 = add(subtract(add(m1, m4), m5), m7)
|
|
47
|
-
c12 = add(m3, m5)
|
|
48
|
-
c21 = add(m2, m4)
|
|
49
|
-
c22 = add(subtract(add(m1, m3), m2), m6)
|
|
50
|
-
|
|
51
|
-
join(c11, c12, c21, c22)
|
|
52
|
-
end
|
|
53
|
-
|
|
54
|
-
def split(m, k)
|
|
55
|
-
a11 = m[0...k].map { |r| r[0...k] }
|
|
56
|
-
a12 = m[0...k].map { |r| r[k...m.size] }
|
|
57
|
-
a21 = m[k...m.size].map { |r| r[0...k] }
|
|
58
|
-
a22 = m[k...m.size].map { |r| r[k...m.size] }
|
|
59
|
-
[a11, a12, a21, a22]
|
|
60
|
-
end
|
|
61
|
-
|
|
62
|
-
def add(x,y); x.zip(y).map { |r1,r2| r1.zip(r2).map(&:sum) }; end
|
|
63
|
-
def subtract(x,y); x.zip(y).map { |r1,r2| r1.zip(r2).map { |a,b| a - b } }; end
|
|
64
|
-
def join(c11, c12, c21, c22)
|
|
65
|
-
top = c11.zip(c12).map { |l,r| l + r }
|
|
66
|
-
bot = c21.zip(c22).map { |l,r| l + r }
|
|
67
|
-
top + bot
|
|
68
|
-
end
|
|
69
|
-
end
|
|
70
|
-
|
|
71
|
-
# Usage:
|
|
72
|
-
a = StrassenMatrix.build(128){ rand }
|
|
73
|
-
b = StrassenMatrix.build(128){ rand }
|
|
74
|
-
c = a * b # ~O(n^2.81)
|
|
75
|
-
```
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
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-
...
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
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|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
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|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
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1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
rotate
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
... ,
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
...
|
|
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
|
|
|
1
|
-
## 🧮 Define Methods Dynamically with Closures
|
|
2
|
-
`Module#define_method` can accept a block that captures local variables, enabling you to create methods at runtime with context-bound behavior. This is ideal for DSLs or repeatable patterns.
|
|
3
|
-
|
|
4
|
-
```ruby
|
|
5
|
-
class EventHandler
|
|
6
|
-
[:create, :update, :delete].each do |action|
|
|
7
|
-
define_method("on_#{action}") do |&block|
|
|
8
|
-
instance_variable_set("@handler_#{action}", block)
|
|
9
|
-
end
|
|
10
|
-
end
|
|
11
|
-
|
|
12
|
-
def trigger(action, *args)
|
|
13
|
-
handler = instance_variable_get("@handler_")
|
|
14
|
-
handler&.call(*args)
|
|
15
|
-
end
|
|
16
|
-
end
|
|
17
|
-
```
|