ffmprb 0.6.6

checksums.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+SHA1:
+  metadata.gz: ecadecd6bd073a3c90519fb40212a178f3651adb
+  data.tar.gz: d5f7b54d90b83f1411b04e08b33dac3cdc67f767
+SHA512:
+  metadata.gz: 9921d1fdef89e73290d7c0b33a5adea2b85e2734fa1cf4438310535b3e0d25e3b81b9f13bfe49d7a2a50632dc669e52c88db181e4a480cf78bb067dbb113e21f
+  data.tar.gz: 808e276f8647f11908efba894d3b92777d75f142e6487ffaea846dc4767041ee718f2e7dd6b1f5414d1045bed738813dc63e38763a1e10eb0cdeab8dbd35955a

data/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+/.bundle/
+/.yardoc
+/Gemfile.lock
+/_yardoc/
+/coverage/
+/doc/
+/pkg/
+/spec/reports/
+/tmp/

data/.rspec

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+--require spec_helper
+--order random
+--format documentation
+--color

data/.ruby-version

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ruby-2.2.1

data/.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+language: ruby
+rvm:
+  - 2.2.1

data/Gemfile

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+# Specify your gem's dependencies in ffmprb.gemspec
+gemspec

data/Guardfile

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+guard :rspec,
+  :cmd => 'bin/rspec',
+  :run_all => {:cmd => 'bin/rspec --format documentation --profile'},
+  :all_after_pass => false,
+  :all_on_start => false,
+  :failed_mode => :focus do
+
+  watch(%r{^spec/.+_spec\.rb$})
+  watch(%r{^lib/(.+)\.rb$})   { |m| "spec/#{m[1]}_spec.rb" }
+  watch('spec/spec_helper.rb')  { 'spec' }
+  watch('.rspec')  { 'spec' }
+end

data/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# ffmprb
+## your audio/video montage friend, based on [ffmpeg](https://ffmpeg.org)
+
+A DSL (Damn-Simple Language) and a micro-engine for ffmpeg and ffriends.
+
+Allows for code like
+```ruby
+av_raw = Ffmprb::File.open('flick.mp4')
+a_track = Ffmprb::File.open('track.wav')
+av_final = Ffmprb::File.create('cine.flv')
+Ffmprb.process(av_raw, a_track, av_final) do |av_input1, a_input1, av_output1|
+
+  in_main = input(av_input1)
+  in_sound = input(a_input1, only: :audio)
+  output(av_output1, resolution: Ffmprb::HD_720p) do
+    roll in_main.cut(from: 2, to: 5).crop(0.25), transition: {blend: 1}
+    roll in_main.cut(from: 6).volume(2), after: 2, transition: {blend: 1}
+    cut after: 10, transition: {blend: 1}
+    overlay in_sound.volume(0.8), duck: :audio
+  end
+
+end
+```
+and saves you from the horrors of (the native ffmpeg equivalent)
+```
+ffmpeg -y -i flick.mp4 -i track.wav -filter_complex "[0:v] copy [tmcpsp0:v]; [0:a] anull [tmcpsp0:a]; [tmcpsp0:v] trim=2:5, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [cpsp0:v]; [tmcpsp0:a] atrim=2:5, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS [cpsp0:a]; [cpsp0:v] crop=x=in_w*0.25:y=in_h*0.25:w=in_w*0.5:h=in_h*0.5 [sp0:v]; [cpsp0:a] anull [sp0:a]; [sp0:v] scale=iw*min(1280/iw\,720/ih):ih*min(1280/iw\,720/ih), pad=1280:720:(1280-iw*min(1280/iw\,720/ih))/2:(720-ih*min(1280/iw\,720/ih))/2, fps=fps=30 [rl0:v]; [sp0:a] anull [rl0:a]; color=black:d=1.0:s=1280x720:r=30 [bl0:v]; aevalsrc=0:d=1.0 [bl0:a]; [bl0:v] trim=0:1.0, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tm0b:v]; [bl0:a] atrim=0:1.0, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tm0b:a]; color=white:d=1.0:s=1280x720:r=30 [rn70152323222540:v]; [tm0b:v] [rn70152323222540:v] alphamerge, fade=out:d=1.0:alpha=1 [xrn70152323222540:v]; [rl0:v] [xrn70152323222540:v] overlay=x=0:y=0:eof_action=pass [tn0:v]; [tm0b:a] afade=out:d=1.0 [rn70152323222540:a]; [rl0:a] afade=in:d=1.0 [xrn70152323222540:a]; [xrn70152323222540:a] [rn70152323222540:a] amix=2:duration=first [tn0:a]; [0:v] copy [tmldsp1:v]; [0:a] anull [tmldsp1:a]; [tmldsp1:v] trim=6, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [ldsp1:v]; [tmldsp1:a] atrim=6, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS [ldsp1:a]; [ldsp1:v] copy [sp1:v]; [ldsp1:a] volume='2':eval=frame [sp1:a]; [sp1:v] scale=iw*min(1280/iw\,720/ih):ih*min(1280/iw\,720/ih), pad=1280:720:(1280-iw*min(1280/iw\,720/ih))/2:(720-ih*min(1280/iw\,720/ih))/2, fps=fps=30 [rl1:v]; [sp1:a] anull [rl1:a]; color=black:d=3.0:s=1280x720:r=30 [bltn01:v]; aevalsrc=0:d=3.0 [bltn01:a]; [tn0:v] [bltn01:v] concat=2:v=1:a=0 [pdtn01:v]; [tn0:a] [bltn01:a] concat=2:v=0:a=1 [pdtn01:a]; [pdtn01:v] split [pdtn01a:v] [pdtn01b:v]; [pdtn01:a] asplit [pdtn01a:a] [pdtn01b:a]; [pdtn01a:v] trim=0:2, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tmtn01a:v]; [pdtn01a:a] atrim=0:2, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tmtn01a:a]; [pdtn01b:v] trim=2:3.0, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tm1b:v]; [pdtn01b:a] atrim=2:3.0, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tm1b:a]; color=white:d=1.0:s=1280x720:r=30 [rn70152323237760:v]; [tm1b:v] [rn70152323237760:v] alphamerge, fade=out:d=1.0:alpha=1 [xrn70152323237760:v]; [rl1:v] [xrn70152323237760:v] overlay=x=0:y=0:eof_action=pass [tn1:v]; [tm1b:a] afade=out:d=1.0 [rn70152323237760:a]; [rl1:a] afade=in:d=1.0 [xrn70152323237760:a]; [xrn70152323237760:a] [rn70152323237760:a] amix=2:duration=first [tn1:a]; color=black:d=11.0:s=1280x720:r=30 [bltn12:v]; aevalsrc=0:d=11.0 [bltn12:a]; [tn1:v] [bltn12:v] concat=2:v=1:a=0 [pdtn12:v]; [tn1:a] [bltn12:a] concat=2:v=0:a=1 [pdtn12:a]; [pdtn12:v] split [pdtn12a:v] [pdtn12b:v]; [pdtn12:a] asplit [pdtn12a:a] [pdtn12b:a]; [pdtn12a:v] trim=0:10, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tmtn12a:v]; [pdtn12a:a] atrim=0:10, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tmtn12a:a]; color=black:d=1.0:s=1280x720:r=30 [bk2:v]; aevalsrc=0:d=1.0 [bk2:a]; [pdtn12b:v] trim=10:11.0, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tm2b:v]; [pdtn12b:a] atrim=10:11.0, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS [tm2b:a]; color=white:d=1.0:s=1280x720:r=30 [rn70152323255640:v]; [tm2b:v] [rn70152323255640:v] alphamerge, fade=out:d=1.0:alpha=1 [xrn70152323255640:v]; [bk2:v] [xrn70152323255640:v] overlay=x=0:y=0:eof_action=pass [tn2:v]; [tm2b:a] afade=out:d=1.0 [rn70152323255640:a]; [bk2:a] afade=in:d=1.0 [xrn70152323255640:a]; [xrn70152323255640:a] [rn70152323255640:a] amix=2:duration=first [tn2:a]; [tmtn01a:v] [tmtn12a:v] [tn2:v] concat=3:v=1:a=0 [oo:v]; [tmtn01a:a] [tmtn12a:a] [tn2:a] concat=3:v=0:a=1 [oo:a]; [1:a] anull [ldol0:a]; [ldol0:a] volume='0.8':eval=frame [ol0:a]" -map "[oo:v]" -map "[oo:a]" /tmp/inter1a.flv -map "[ol0:a]" /tmp/inter1b.wav
+```
+then some scripting around
+```
+ffmpeg -y -i /tmp/inter1a.flv -filter_complex "silencedetect=d=2:n=-30dB" /tmp/inter2.flv
+```
+and finally
+```
+ffmpeg -y -i /tmp/inter2.flv -i /tmp/inter1b.wav -filter_complex "[0:v] copy [sp0:v]; [0:a] anull [sp0:a]; [sp0:v] scale=iw*min(1280/iw\,720/ih):ih*min(1280/iw\,720/ih), pad=1280:720:(1280-iw*min(1280/iw\,720/ih))/2:(720-ih*min(1280/iw\,720/ih))/2, fps=fps=30 [rl0:v]; [sp0:a] anull [rl0:a]; [rl0:v] concat=1:v=1:a=0 [oo:v]; [rl0:a] concat=1:v=0:a=1 [oo:a]; [1:a] anull [ldol0:a]; [ldol0:a] volume='if(between(t, 9.5, 10.5), (-0.8*t + 8.500000000000002)/1.0, if(between(t, 0.5, 9.5), 0.9, if(between(t, -0.5, 0.5), (0.8*t + 0.5)/1.0, if(between(t, 0.0, -0.5), 0.1, if(between(t, 0.0, 0.0), 0.1, 0.1)))))':eval=frame [ol0:a]; [oo:v] copy [oo0:v]; [oo:a] [ol0:a] amix=2:duration=first [oo0:a]" -map "[oo0:v]" -map "[oo0:a]" cine.flv
+```
+Umm... That's the idea.
+
+
+## Installation
+
+Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
+
+```ruby
+gem 'ffmprb'
+```
+
+And then execute:
+
+    $ bundle
+
+Or install it yourself as:
+
+    $ gem install ffmprb
+
+## DSL & Usage
+
+TODO: Write usage instructions here
+
+
+## Development
+
+After checking out the repo, run `bin/setup` to install dependencies. Then, run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.
+
+To install this gem onto your local machine, run `bundle exec rake install`. To release a new version, update the version number in `version.rb`, and then run `bundle exec rake release` to create a git tag for the version, push git commits and tags, and push the `.gem` file to [rubygems.org](https://rubygems.org).
+
+## Contributing
+
+1. Fork it ( https://github.com/showbox-oss/ffmprb/fork )
+2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
+4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+5. Create a new Pull Request

data/Rakefile

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+require 'bundler/gem_tasks'
+
+begin
+  require 'rspec/core/rake_task'
+  RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new(:spec)
+rescue LoadError
+end
+
+task :default => :spec

data/bin/console

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "ffmprb"
+
+# You can add fixtures and/or initialization code here to make experimenting
+# with your gem easier. You can also use a different console, if you like.
+
+# (If you use this, don't forget to add pry to your Gemfile!)
+# require "pry"
+# Pry.start
+
+require "irb"
+IRB.start

data/bin/guard

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+#
+# This file was generated by Bundler.
+#
+# The application 'guard' is installed as part of a gem, and
+# this file is here to facilitate running it.
+#
+
+require 'pathname'
+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path("../../Gemfile",
+  Pathname.new(__FILE__).realpath)
+
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'bundler/setup'
+
+load Gem.bin_path('guard', 'guard')

data/bin/rake

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+#
+# This file was generated by Bundler.
+#
+# The application 'rake' is installed as part of a gem, and
+# this file is here to facilitate running it.
+#
+
+require 'pathname'
+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path("../../Gemfile",
+  Pathname.new(__FILE__).realpath)
+
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'bundler/setup'
+
+load Gem.bin_path('rake', 'rake')

data/bin/rspec

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+#
+# This file was generated by Bundler.
+#
+# The application 'rspec' is installed as part of a gem, and
+# this file is here to facilitate running it.
+#
+
+require 'pathname'
+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path("../../Gemfile",
+  Pathname.new(__FILE__).realpath)
+
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'bundler/setup'
+
+load Gem.bin_path('rspec-core', 'rspec')

data/bin/setup

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -euo pipefail
+IFS=$'\n\t'
+
+bundle install
+
+# Do any other automated setup that you need to do here

data/ffmprb.gemspec

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+lib = File.expand_path('../lib', __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+require 'ffmprb/version'
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = 'ffmprb'
+  spec.version       = Ffmprb::VERSION
+  spec.authors       = ["showbox.com", "Costa Shapiro @ Showbox"]
+  spec.email         = ['costa@showbox.com']
+
+  spec.summary       = "ffmprb is your audio/video montage friend, based on https://ffmpeg.org"
+  spec.description   = "A DSL (Damn-Simple Language) and a micro-engine for ffmpeg and ffriends"
+  spec.homepage      = 'https://github.com/showbox-oss/ffmprb'
+
+  spec.files         = `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  spec.bindir        = 'exe'
+  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
+  spec.require_paths = ['lib']
+
+  spec.add_dependency 'mkfifo'  # XXX I'm not happy with this dependency, and there's nothing crossplatform (= for windoze too) at the moment
+
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'bundler', '>= 1.9.9'
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'byebug', '>= 4.0.5'
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'guard-rspec', '>= 2.12.8'
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'rake', '>= 10.4.2'
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'rmagick', '>= 2.15'
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'rspec', '>= 3.2.0'
+  spec.add_development_dependency 'ruby-sox', '>= 0.0.3'
+end

data/lib/ffmprb/file.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+require 'json'
+require 'mkfifo'
+require 'tempfile'
+
+module Ffmprb
+
+  class File
+
+    class << self
+
+      def buffered_fifo(extname='.tmp')
+        input_fifo_file = temp_fifo(extname)
+        output_fifo_file = temp_fifo(extname)
+
+        Ffmprb.logger.debug "Opening #{input_fifo_file.path}>#{output_fifo_file.path} for buffering"
+        buff = Util::IoBuffer.new(
+          ->{
+            Ffmprb.logger.debug "Trying to open #{input_fifo_file.path} for reading+buffering"
+            ::File.open(input_fifo_file.path, 'r')
+          },
+          ->{
+            Ffmprb.logger.debug "Trying to open #{output_fifo_file.path} for buffering+writing"
+            ::File.open(output_fifo_file.path, 'w')
+            }
+          )
+        thr = Util::Thread.new do
+          buff.flush!
+          Ffmprb.logger.debug "IoBuffering from #{input_fifo_file.path} to #{output_fifo_file.path} ended"
+          input_fifo_file.remove
+          output_fifo_file.remove
+        end
+        Ffmprb.logger.debug "IoBuffering from #{input_fifo_file.path} to #{output_fifo_file.path} started"
+
+        yield buff  if block_given?  # XXX a hidden option
+
+        OpenStruct.new in: input_fifo_file, out: output_fifo_file, thr: thr
+      end
+
+      def create(path)
+        new(path: path, mode: :write).tap do |file|
+          Ffmprb.logger.debug "Created file with path: #{file.path}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def open(path)
+        new(path: (path.respond_to?(:path)? path.path : path), mode: :read).tap do |file|
+          Ffmprb.logger.debug "Opened file with path: #{file.path}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def temp(extname)
+        file = create(Tempfile.new(['', extname]))
+        Ffmprb.logger.debug "Created temp file with path: #{file.path}"
+
+        return file  unless block_given?
+
+        begin
+          yield file
+        ensure
+          begin
+            FileUtils.remove_entry file.path
+          rescue
+            Ffmprb.logger.warn "Error removing temp file with path #{file.path}: #{$!.message}"
+          end
+          Ffmprb.logger.debug "Removed temp file with path: #{file.path}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def temp_fifo(extname='.tmp', &blk)
+        fifo_file = create(temp_fifo_path extname)
+        ::File.mkfifo fifo_file.path
+
+        return fifo_file  unless block_given?
+
+        begin
+          yield
+        ensure
+          fifo_file.remove
+        end
+      end
+
+      def temp_fifo_path(extname)
+        ::File.join Dir.tmpdir, Dir::Tmpname.make_tmpname('', 'p' + extname)
+      end
+
+    end
+
+
+    def initialize(path:, mode:)
+      @path = path
+      @path.close  if @path && @path.respond_to?(:close)  # NOTE specially for temp files
+      path!  # NOTE early (exception) raiser
+      @mode = mode.to_sym
+      raise Error, "Open for read, create for write, ??? for #{@mode}"  unless %i[read write].include?(@mode)
+    end
+
+    def path
+      path!
+    end
+
+    # Info
+
+    def extname
+      ::File.extname path
+    end
+
+    def length
+      @duration ||= probe['format']['duration']
+      return @duration.to_f  if @duration
+
+      @duration = probe(true)['frames'].reduce(0){|sum, frame| sum + frame['pkt_duration_time'].to_f}
+    end
+
+    def resolution
+      v_stream = probe['streams'].first
+      "#{v_stream['width']}x#{v_stream['height']}"
+    end
+
+
+    def sample(  # NOTE can snap output (an image) or audio (a sound) or both
+      at: 0.01,
+      video: true,
+      audio: nil
+    )
+      audio = File.temp('.mp3')  if audio == true
+      video = File.temp('.jpg')  if video == true
+
+      Ffmprb.logger.debug "Snap shooting files, video path: #{video ? video.path : 'NONE'}, audio path: #{audio ? audio.path : 'NONE'}"
+
+      raise Error, "Incorrect output extname (must be .jpg)"  unless !video || video.extname =~ /jpe?g$/
+      raise Error, "Incorrect audio extname (must be .mp3)"  unless !audio || audio.extname =~ /mp3$/
+      raise Error, "Can sample either video OR audio UNLESS a block is given"  unless block_given? || (!!audio != !!video)
+
+      cmd = " -i #{path}"
+      cmd << " -deinterlace -an -ss #{at} -r 1 -vcodec mjpeg -f mjpeg #{video.path}"  if video
+      cmd << " -vn -ss #{at} -t 1 -f mp3 #{audio.path}"  if audio
+      Util.ffmpeg cmd
+
+      return video || audio  unless block_given?
+
+      begin
+        yield *[video || nil, audio || nil].compact
+      ensure
+        begin
+          video.remove  if video
+          audio.remove  if audio
+          Ffmprb.logger.debug "Removed sample files"
+        rescue
+          Ffmprb.logger.warn "Error removing sample files: #{$!.message}"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Manipulation
+
+    def remove
+      FileUtils.remove_entry path
+      Ffmprb.logger.debug "Removed file with path: #{path}"
+      @path = nil
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def path!
+      (  # NOTE specially for temp files
+        @path.respond_to?(:path)? @path.path : @path
+      ).tap do |path|
+        # XXX ensure readabilty/writability/readiness
+        raise Error, "'#{path}' is un#{@mode.to_s[0..3]}able"  unless path && !path.empty?
+      end
+    end
+
+    def probe(force=false)
+      return @probe  unless !@probe || force
+      cmd = " -v quiet -i #{path} -print_format json -show_format -show_streams"
+      cmd << " -show_frames"  if force
+      @probe = JSON.parse(Util::ffprobe cmd).tap do |probe|
+        raise Error, "This doesn't look like a ffprobable file"  unless probe['streams']
+      end
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end

data/lib/ffmprb/filter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+module Ffmprb
+
+  module Filter
+
+    class << self
+
+      def alphamerge(inputs, output=nil)
+        inout "alphamerge", inputs, output
+      end
+
+      def afade_in(duration=1, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "afade=in:d=#{duration}", input, output
+      end
+
+      def afade_out(duration=1, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "afade=out:d=#{duration}", input, output
+      end
+
+      # NOTE inputs order matters
+      def amix(inputs, output=nil)
+        inout "amix=#{[*inputs].length}:duration=first", inputs, output
+      end
+
+      def anull(input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "anull", input, output
+      end
+
+      def anullsink(input=nil)
+        inout "anullsink", input, nil
+      end
+
+      def asplit(inputs=nil, outputs=nil)
+        inout "asplit", inputs, outputs
+      end
+
+      def atrim(st, en, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "atrim=#{[st, en].compact.join ':'}, asetpts=PTS-STARTPTS", input, output
+      end
+
+      def black_source(duration, resolution=nil, fps=nil, output=nil)
+        filter = "color=black:d=#{duration}"
+        filter << ":s=#{resolution}"  if resolution
+        filter << ":r=#{fps}"  if fps
+        inout filter, nil, output
+      end
+
+      def fade_out_alpha(duration=1, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "fade=out:d=#{duration}:alpha=1", input, output
+      end
+
+      def fps(fps, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "fps=fps=#{fps}", input, output
+      end
+
+      def concat_v(inputs, output=nil)
+        inout "concat=#{[*inputs].length}:v=1:a=0", inputs, output
+      end
+
+      def concat_a(inputs, output=nil)
+        inout "concat=#{[*inputs].length}:v=0:a=1", inputs, output
+      end
+
+      def concat_av(inputs, output=nil)
+        inout "concat=#{inputs.length/2}:v=1:a=1", inputs, output
+      end
+
+      def copy(input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "copy", input, output
+      end
+
+      def crop(crop, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "crop=#{crop_exps(crop).join ':'}", input, output
+      end
+
+      def crop_exps(crop)
+        exps = []
+
+        if crop[:left] > 0
+          exps << "x=in_w*#{crop[:left]}"
+        end
+
+        if crop[:top] > 0
+          exps << "y=in_h*#{crop[:top]}"
+        end
+
+        if crop[:right] > 0 && crop[:left]
+          raise Error, "Must specify two of {left, right, width} at most"  if crop[:width]
+          crop[:width] = 1 - crop[:right] - crop[:left]
+        elsif crop[:width] > 0
+          if !crop[:left] && crop[:right] > 0
+            crop[:left] = 1 - crop[:width] - crop[:right]
+            exps << "x=in_w*#{crop[:left]}"
+          end
+        end
+        exps << "w=in_w*#{crop[:width]}"
+
+        if crop[:bottom] > 0 && crop[:top]
+          raise Error, "Must specify two of {top, bottom, height} at most"  if crop[:height]
+          crop[:height] = 1 - crop[:bottom] - crop[:top]
+        elsif crop[:height] > 0
+          if !crop[:top] && crop[:bottom] > 0
+            crop[:top] = 1 - crop[:height] - crop[:bottom]
+            exps << "y=in_h*#{crop[:top]}"
+          end
+        end
+        exps << "h=in_h*#{crop[:height]}"
+
+        exps
+      end
+
+      # XXX might be very useful with UGC: def cropdetect
+
+      def nullsink(input=nil)
+        inout "nullsink", input, nil
+      end
+
+      def overlay(x=0, y=0, inputs=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "overlay=x=#{x}:y=#{y}:eof_action=pass", inputs, output
+      end
+
+      def pad(width, height, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "pad=#{width}:#{height}:(#{width}-iw*min(#{width}/iw\\,#{height}/ih))/2:(#{height}-ih*min(#{width}/iw\\,#{height}/ih))/2", input, output
+      end
+
+      def scale(width, height, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "scale=iw*min(#{width}/iw\\,#{height}/ih):ih*min(#{width}/iw\\,#{height}/ih)", input, output
+      end
+
+      def scale_pad_fps(width, height, fps, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout [
+          *scale(width, height),
+          *pad(width, height),
+          *fps(fps)
+        ].join(', '), input, output
+      end
+
+      def silencedetect(input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "silencedetect=d=2:n=-30dB", input, output
+      end
+
+      def silent_source(duration, output=nil)
+        inout "aevalsrc=0:d=#{duration}", nil, output
+      end
+
+      # XXX might be very useful with transitions: def smartblur
+
+      def split(inputs=nil, outputs=nil)
+        inout "split", inputs, outputs
+      end
+
+      def transition_av(transition, resolution, fps, inputs, output=nil, video: true, audio: true)
+        blend_duration = transition[:blend].to_f
+        raise "Unsupported (yet) transition, sorry."  unless
+          transition.size == 1 && blend_duration > 0
+
+        aux_lbl = "rn#{inputs.object_id}"  # should be sufficiently random
+        auxx_lbl = "x#{aux_lbl}"
+        [].tap do |filters|
+          filters.concat [
+            *white_source(blend_duration, resolution, fps, "#{aux_lbl}:v"),
+            *inout([
+              *alphamerge(["#{inputs.first}:v", "#{aux_lbl}:v"]),
+              *fade_out_alpha(blend_duration)
+            ].join(', '), nil, "#{auxx_lbl}:v"),
+            *overlay(0, 0, ["#{inputs.last}:v", "#{auxx_lbl}:v"], "#{output}:v"),
+          ]  if video
+          filters.concat [
+            *afade_out(blend_duration, "#{inputs.first}:a", "#{aux_lbl}:a"),
+            *afade_in(blend_duration, "#{inputs.last}:a", "#{auxx_lbl}:a"),
+            *amix(["#{auxx_lbl}:a", "#{aux_lbl}:a"], "#{output}:a")
+          ]  if audio
+        end
+      end
+
+      def trim(st, en, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "trim=#{[st, en].compact.join ':'}, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS", input, output
+      end
+
+      def volume(volume, input=nil, output=nil)
+        inout "volume='#{volume_exp volume}':eval=frame", input, output
+      end
+
+      def volume_exp(volume)  # NOTE volume is an ordered Hash
+        return volume  unless volume.respond_to?(:each)
+        raise Error, "volume cannot be empty"  if volume.empty?
+
+        prev_at = 0.0
+        prev_vol = volume[prev_at] || 1.0
+        exp = "#{volume[volume.keys.last]}"
+        volume.each do |at, vol|
+          vol_exp =
+            if (vol - prev_vol).abs < 0.001
+              vol
+            else
+              "(#{vol - prev_vol}*t + #{prev_vol*at - vol*prev_at})/#{at - prev_at}"
+            end
+          exp = "if(between(t, #{prev_at}, #{at}), #{vol_exp}, #{exp})"
+          prev_at = at
+          prev_vol = vol
+        end
+        exp
+      end
+
+      def white_source(duration, resolution=nil, fps=nil, output=nil)
+        filter = "color=white:d=#{duration}"
+        filter << ":s=#{resolution}"  if resolution
+        filter << ":r=#{fps}"  if fps
+        inout filter, nil, output
+      end
+
+      def complex_options(filters)
+        if filters.empty?
+          ''
+        else
+          " -filter_complex \"#{filters.join '; '}\""
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def inout(filter, inputs, outputs)
+        [
+          filter.tap do |f|
+            f.prepend "#{[*inputs].map{|s| "[#{s}]"}.join ' '} "  if inputs
+            f << " #{[*outputs].map{|s| "[#{s}]"}.join ' '}"  if outputs
+          end
+        ]
+      end
+
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end