external_fields 0.1.0

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data/.travis.yml

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+language: ruby
+rvm:
+- 2.2.1
+script: bundle exec rspec
+addons:
+  code_climate:
+    repo_token: 9f025c501f5daf9ffc6712005e4cda18ce4f6afe76c2c0913889712cefb3679e
+notifications:
+  email: false
+  hipchat:
+    rooms:
+      secure: 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

data/Gemfile

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+source "https://rubygems.org"
+
+# Specify your gem's dependencies in external_fields.gemspec
+gemspec

data/LICENSE

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+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015 Panorama Education
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+

data/README.md

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+[![Code Climate](https://codeclimate.com/github/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields/badges/gpa.svg)](https://codeclimate.com/github/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields) [![Test Coverage](https://codeclimate.com/github/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields/badges/coverage.svg)](https://codeclimate.com/github/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields) [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields) [![Inline docs](http://inch-ci.org/github/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields.png)](http://inch-ci.org/github/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields) [![Gem Version](https://badge.fury.io/rb/rails_external_fields.svg)](http://badge.fury.io/rb/rails_external_fields)
+
+# ExternalFields
+Create the illusion that an object has specific attributes when those attributes
+actually belong to an associated object.
+
+This is particularly useful for different classes within a single-
+table inheritance table to have access to separate fields in class-specific
+associations.
+
+## Installation
+Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
+
+````
+gem "external_fields"
+```
+
+And then execute:
+
+```
+$ bundle
+```
+
+Or install it yourself as:
+
+```
+$ gem install external_fields
+```
+
+## Usage
+Include `ExternalFields` and define the external fields using the `external_field` method. For example, if `grade_level`, `age` and `credits` are defined in another class `StudentData` and you want to access them in `Student` you could do:
+
+```ruby
+require "active_record"
+require "active_support"
+
+require "external_fields"
+
+class Student < ActiveRecord::Base
+  include ExternalFields
+
+  has_one :data,
+          class_name: StudentData
+
+  external_field :grade_level,             # External attribute 1
+                 :age,                     # External attribute 2
+                 :credits,                 # External attribute 3
+                 :data,                    # Name of the association
+                 class_name: "StudentData" # Class name of association
+end
+```
+
+where the external fields are defined in another associated class:
+
+```ruby
+class StudentData < ActiveRecord::Base
+  attr_accessor :grade_level, :age, :credits
+end
+```
+
+Now you can directly call the accessors on the `Student` objects:
+
+```ruby
+ > s = Student.create!
+ > s.age
+=> nil
+
+ > s.age = 10
+ > s.age
+=> 10
+
+ > s.grade_level = 4
+ > s.grade_level
+=> 4
+```
+
+### Overriding default behavior using `underscored` accessors
+You can also add underscored accessors using the `underscore` flag
+
+```ruby
+...
+  external_field :grade_level,             # External attribute 1
+                 :age,                     # External attribute 2
+                 :credits,                 # External attribute 3
+                 :data,                    # Name of the association
+                 class_name: "StudentData" # Class name of association
+                 underscore: true          # Flag for underscored accessors
+...
+```
+
+This will allow you to use the external fields using underscored methods:
+```ruby
+s = Student.create!
+s._age
+s._grade_level
+```
+
+This approach lets you override the default behavior cleanly. For example,
+you could override the grade level using this method:
+
+```ruby
+def grade_level
+  if _grade_level == 0
+    "Kindergarten"
+  else
+    _grade_level
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Accessing the original association
+
+In some instances it's helpful to be able to use the original association
+without building an object on access. For instance, you might want to have a
+validation inspect a value without creating a new object on each save. In that
+case, you can use the `use_original` flag on the association like so:
+
+```ruby
+validate :kindergarten_students_have_names
+
+def kindergarten_students_have_names
+  data_obj = data(use_original: true)
+
+  if data_obj && grade_level == "Kindergarten" && name.blank?
+    # Note that `name` is an attribute on `Student` but `grade_level`
+    # is accessed through the `data` association as defined earlier
+    # in the README.
+    errors.add(:name, "must be present for kindergarten students")
+  end
+end
+```
+
+## Documentation
+
+We have documentation on [RubyDoc](http://www.rubydoc.info/github/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields/master).
+
+## Contributing
+
+1. Fork it (https://github.com/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields/fork)
+2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
+4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+5. Create a new Pull Request
+
+**Make sure your changes have appropriate tests (`bundle exec rspec`)
+and conform to the Rubocop style specified.** We use
+[overcommit](https://github.com/causes/overcommit) to enforce good code.
+
+## License
+
+`ExternalFields` is released under the
+[MIT License](https://github.com/panorama-ed/rails_external_fields/blob/master/LICENSE).

data/external_fields.gemspec

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+# coding: utf-8
+lib = File.expand_path("../lib", __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+require "external_fields/version"
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = "external_fields"
+  spec.version       = ExternalFields::VERSION
+  spec.authors       = ["Sagar Jauhari"]
+  spec.email         = ["sagarjauhari@gmail.com"]
+  spec.summary       = "Access attributes from an associated model."
+  spec.description   = "This concern maintains the illusion that a given "\
+                       "object has specified attributes, when those "\
+                       "attributes are in fact attached to an associated "\
+                       "object. This is particularly useful for different "\
+                       "classes within a single-table inheritance table to "\
+                       "have access to separate fields in class-specific "\
+                       "associations."
+
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/panorama-ed/rails-external-fields"
+  spec.license       = "MIT"
+
+  spec.files         = `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0")
+  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^bin/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
+  spec.test_files    = spec.files.grep(%r{^(test|spec|features)/})
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+
+  spec.add_dependency "activerecord", "~> 4.0"
+
+  spec.add_development_dependency "bundler", "~> 1.7"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "codeclimate-test-reporter", "~> 0.4"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "overcommit", "~> 0.23"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rspec", "~> 3.2"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rspec-rails", "~> 3.2"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rubocop", "~> 0.29"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rubocop-rspec-focused", "~> 0.0"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "temping", "~> 3.2"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "sqlite3", "~> 1.3"
+end

data/lib/external_fields/version.rb

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+module ExternalFields
+  VERSION = "0.1.0"
+end

data/lib/external_fields.rb

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+require "external_fields/version"
+
+# This concern maintains the illusion that a given object has specified
+# attributes, when those attributes are in fact attached to an associated
+# object. This is particularly useful for different classes within a single-
+# table inheritance table to have access to separate fields in class-specific
+# associations.
+
+module ExternalFields
+  extend ActiveSupport::Concern
+
+  included do
+    class_attribute :_external_field_associations
+
+    # Provides a getter and setter for the given attribute on the associated
+    # object. We provide either normal or underscored getters and setters, the
+    # latter allowing the defining class to use alias_method to override
+    # behavior while still accessing these underlying implementations.
+    #
+    # @param attrs [Array<Symbol>] list of external fields
+    # @param assoc [Symbol] name of the association
+    # @param class_name [String] name of the associated class
+    # @param underscore [Boolean] underscored accessor created if true
+    def self.external_field(*attrs, assoc, class_name: nil, underscore: false)
+      self._external_field_associations ||= []
+
+      attrs.each do |attr|
+        # Store the original association method for use in the overwritten one.
+        original_method = instance_method(assoc)
+
+        # First, we define an accessor for the associated object.
+        # Note we ensure that we only define the accessor once. Further, if
+        # `use_original` is true, we use the original Rails association
+        # accessor, which will not build a new object. Otherwise, we build a new
+        # object if one does not exist already.
+        unless self._external_field_associations.include? assoc
+          define_method assoc do |use_original: false|
+            if use_original
+              # Call original overwritten method
+              original_method.bind(self).call
+            else
+              # Try calling the original method to see if we get a result.
+              existing_value = original_method.bind(self).call
+
+              # Use existing value if one is there.
+              if existing_value
+                existing_value
+              else # Otherwise, build a new object.
+                # Find the class of the object we need to build.
+                klass = class_name.try(:constantize) ||
+                        self.class.reflect_on_association(assoc).klass
+
+                send("#{assoc}=", klass.new)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Now, define the getters for the specific attribute.
+        define_method(underscore ? "_#{attr}" : attr) do
+          send(assoc).try(attr)
+        end
+
+        # Now, define the setters for the specific attribute.
+        define_method(underscore ? "_#{attr}=" : "#{attr}=") do |new_attr|
+          send(assoc).send("#{attr}=", new_attr)
+        end
+
+        # Add the association name to the set of external field associations.
+        # This allows other parts of the codebase to quickly see all of the
+        # associations a class has that store external fields. This array stores
+        # association name symbols, like: [:address, :extra_data]
+        # Note that a Set could be used here but an Array was chosen for
+        # familiarity since the size of the array will be relatively small.
+        unless self._external_field_associations.include? assoc
+          # We need to duplicate the array because a subclass of a model with
+          # this mixin would otherwise modify its parent class' array, since the
+          # << operator works in-place.
+          self._external_field_associations =
+            self._external_field_associations.dup
+
+          self._external_field_associations << assoc
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/spec/external_fields_spec.rb

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+require "spec_helper"
+
+RSpec.describe ExternalFields do
+  describe ".external_fields" do
+    describe "the association" do
+      Temping.create :test_class do
+        with_columns do |t|
+          t.string :name
+        end
+
+        include ExternalFields
+
+        has_one :assoc,
+                class_name: "AssociationTestClass"
+
+        external_field :ext_field_1,
+                       :assoc,
+                       class_name: "AssociationTestClass"
+
+        external_field :ext_field_2,
+                       :assoc,
+                       class_name: "AssociationTestClass",
+                       underscore: true
+      end
+
+      Temping.create :association_test_class do
+        with_columns do |t|
+          t.integer :test_class_id
+          t.string :ext_field_1
+          t.string :ext_field_2
+        end
+
+        belongs_to :test_class
+      end
+
+      # Clean up after each test. This is a lot lighter for these few tests than
+      # trying to wrangle with RSpec-Rails to get transactional tests to work.
+      after :each do
+        TestClass.delete_all
+        AssociationTestClass.delete_all
+      end
+
+      it "should be built on first access" do
+        e = TestClass.create!(name: "Hello")
+
+        expect(AssociationTestClass.count).to eq(0)
+        expect(e.assoc.class).to eq(AssociationTestClass)
+      end
+
+      it "should be saved when the model is saved" do
+        e = TestClass.create!(name: "Hello")
+        expect(AssociationTestClass.count).to eq(0)
+        expect(e.assoc.class).to eq(AssociationTestClass)
+        e.save!
+        expect(AssociationTestClass.count).to eq(1)
+      end
+
+      it "should not be created or saved if unused" do
+        e = TestClass.create!
+        e.name = "TEST"
+        e.save!
+        expect(AssociationTestClass.count).to eq(0)
+      end
+
+      it "should be created if used" do
+        e = TestClass.create!(name: "Hello", ext_field_1: "Field1")
+
+        expect(AssociationTestClass.count).to eq(1)
+        expect(e.ext_field_1).to eq "Field1"
+      end
+
+      context "when underscore flag is true" do
+        it "should provide underscored methods" do
+          e = TestClass.create!(_ext_field_2: "_Field2")
+
+          expect(AssociationTestClass.count).to eq(1)
+          expect(e._ext_field_2).to eq "_Field2"
+        end
+      end
+
+      it "should provide an accessor that does not build a new object" do
+        e = TestClass.new(name: "Hello")
+
+        e.assoc(use_original: true) # Access without creating
+        e.save!
+        expect(AssociationTestClass.count).to eq 0
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/spec/spec_helper.rb

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+require "codeclimate-test-reporter"
+CodeClimate::TestReporter.start
+
+# Connect to an in-memory database for ActiveRecord tests.
+require "temping"
+ActiveRecord::Base.
+  establish_connection(adapter: "sqlite3", database: ":memory:")
+
+require "external_fields"
+
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  # These two settings work together to allow you to limit a spec run
+  # to individual examples or groups you care about by tagging them with
+  # `:focus` metadata. When nothing is tagged with `:focus`, all examples
+  # get run.
+  config.filter_run :focus
+  config.run_all_when_everything_filtered = true
+
+  # Limits the available syntax to the non-monkey patched syntax that is
+  # recommended.
+  # For more details, see:
+  #   - http://myronmars.to/n/dev-blog/2012/06/rspecs-new-expectation-syntax
+  #   - http://teaisaweso.me/blog/2013/05/27/rspecs-new-message-expectation-syntax/
+  #   - http://myronmars.to/n/dev-blog/2014/05/notable-changes-in-rspec-3#new__config_option_to_disable_rspeccore_monkey_patching
+  config.disable_monkey_patching!
+
+  # Many RSpec users commonly either run the entire suite or an individual
+  # file, and it's useful to allow more verbose output when running an
+  # individual spec file.
+  if config.files_to_run.one?
+    # Use the documentation formatter for detailed output,
+    # unless a formatter has already been configured
+    # (e.g. via a command-line flag).
+    config.default_formatter = "doc"
+  end
+
+  # Run specs in random order to surface order dependencies. If you find an
+  # order dependency and want to debug it, you can fix the order by providing
+  # the seed, which is printed after each run.
+  #     --seed 1234
+  config.order = :random
+
+  # Seed global randomization in this process using the `--seed` CLI option.
+  # Setting this allows you to use `--seed` to deterministically reproduce
+  # test failures related to randomization by passing the same `--seed` value
+  # as the one that triggered the failure.
+  Kernel.srand config.seed
+end

metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
+name: external_fields
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+  version: 0.1.0
+platform: ruby
+authors:
+- Sagar Jauhari
+autorequire: 
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+date: 2015-09-18 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+dependencies:
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: activerecord
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '4.0'
+  type: :runtime
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '4.0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: bundler
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.7'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.7'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: codeclimate-test-reporter
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.4'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.4'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: overcommit
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.23'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.23'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rspec
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '3.2'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '3.2'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rspec-rails
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '3.2'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '3.2'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rubocop
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.29'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.29'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rubocop-rspec-focused
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: temping
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '3.2'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '3.2'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: sqlite3
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.3'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.3'
+description: This concern maintains the illusion that a given object has specified
+  attributes, when those attributes are in fact attached to an associated object.
+  This is particularly useful for different classes within a single-table inheritance
+  table to have access to separate fields in class-specific associations.
+email:
+- sagarjauhari@gmail.com
+executables: []
+extensions: []
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+files:
+- ".gitignore"
+- ".overcommit.yml"
+- ".rubocop.yml"
+- ".travis.yml"
+- Gemfile
+- LICENSE
+- README.md
+- external_fields.gemspec
+- lib/external_fields.rb
+- lib/external_fields/version.rb
+- spec/external_fields_spec.rb
+- spec/spec_helper.rb
+homepage: https://github.com/panorama-ed/rails-external-fields
+licenses:
+- MIT
+metadata: {}
+post_install_message: 
+rdoc_options: []
+require_paths:
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+requirements: []
+rubyforge_project: 
+rubygems_version: 2.4.8
+signing_key: 
+specification_version: 4
+summary: Access attributes from an associated model.
+test_files:
+- spec/external_fields_spec.rb
+- spec/spec_helper.rb
+has_rdoc: