backbonify 0.1.0

data/LICENSE

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+Copyright (c) 2012 charlysisto
+
+MIT License
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.md

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+# Backbonify
+A generator for Backbone in Rails >= 3.1. The Language is javascript (no coffee)
+and the template engine is (only) handlebars wrapped in haml! However this generator takes advantage of hooks (brought by yehuda in rails 3) so it is easy to add other template
+engines and so on...
+
+## Warning
+This is not a general purpose generator. I made it to fit my needs, specially with Views which heavily rely on [backbone.grid][2]. My plan is to make a more generic version later, or gladly accept a pull request that adds one ;-). Regarding templates I'm using handlebars, but it's fairly easy to add another one and use hooks to make the hole thing extremely modular.
+
+
+## Install with Rails 3.1
+In your Gemfile :
+
+    gem "backbonify", :git => "http://github.com/charly/backbonify"
+
+
+## Usage
+In your console :
+
+    rails g backbonify:install
+    rails g backbonify:scaffold Model field:type field:type
+
+## More Usage
+backbonify:scaffold hooks on those (sub) generators. You can also cherry pick them!
+
+    rails g backbonify:model Model field:type ...
+    rails g backbonify:router Model
+    rails g backbonify:view Model
+    rails g backbonify:template Model field:type ...
+
+## What it Looks like (with styling)
+
+![Performances](/charly/backbonify/raw/master/examples/bb.perf.png)
+
+## Dependencies for haml and handlebars
+Include them in your Gemfile
+
+    gem 'handlebars_assets'
+    gem 'haml_assets', :git => "http://github.com/infbio/haml_assets"
+    gem 'haml', :git => 'http://github.com/infbio/haml', :branch => 'form_for_fix'
+
+## TODO
+specs ! & examples.
+
+## Thanks to
+Originally I wanted to fork [backbone-rails][1] to add javascript version
+(instead of coffeescript only). But it was too far a part.
+
+## License
+This project rocks and uses MIT-LICENSE.
+
+[1]: https://github.com/codebrew/backbone-rails
+[2]: https://github.com/charly/backbone.grid

data/Rakefile

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+#!/usr/bin/env rake
+require "bundler/gem_tasks"

data/lib/assets/javascripts/backbone.filter.js

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+//     Backbone.filter.js 0.1.0
+
+//     (c) 2012 Charlie Sistovaris
+//     Backbone.grid may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
+
+
+
+var Filter = {
+  initialModels: null,
+  filteredAttrs: [],
+
+  // ADD this in the collection
+  initialize: function() {
+    this._prepareFiltering();
+  },
+
+  //
+  // FILTERING
+  //
+  _prepareFiltering: function() {
+    this.originalCollection  = new Backbone.Collection;
+    this.previousCollection  = new Backbone.Collection;
+    this.filterCollection = this;
+    this.bind("reset", this.setOriginalCollection, this)
+  },
+
+  //filterAttr("film", "city") instead of filterFilms("city")
+  filterAttr: function(attribute, query) {
+    this.handleFilters(attribute, query);
+
+    var reg = new RegExp(query,"i");
+    this.filtering(function(model){
+      var attrValue = model.get(attribute);
+      if(attrValue && attrValue.match(reg)) return model;
+    })
+  },
+
+  // previousCollection keeps track of the previous result so
+  // it can refilter on that one (it should be an array actually)
+  // TODO : consider having a filter for each attribute......
+  handleFilters: function(attribute, query) {
+    if(query == "") {
+      this.filterCollection = this.originalCollection
+    }
+    else if(this.previousAttr==attribute) {
+      this.filterCollection = this.previousCollection
+    }
+    else {
+      this.filterCollection = this;
+    }
+    this.previousCollection.reset(this.filterCollection.models);
+    this.previousAttr = attribute;
+  },
+
+  filtering: function(criteria) {
+    this.reset(this.filterCollection.select(criteria), {silent: true})
+    this.trigger("filter");
+  },
+
+  // loadedCollection is a copy of this collection to store
+  // the original models before they get filtered
+  setOriginalCollection: function(event) {
+    this.originalCollection.reset(this.models)
+  }
+
+}

data/lib/assets/javascripts/backbone.grid.js

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+//     Backbone.grid.js 0.1.4
+
+//     (c) 2012 Charlie Sistovaris
+//     Backbone.grid may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
+
+var Grid = {};
+
+// ===================================================
+// # PageView : fetches collections listens to newView
+// ===================================================
+
+Grid.PageView = function(options){
+  Backbone.View.apply(this, [options]);
+};
+
+_.extend(Grid.PageView.prototype, Backbone.View.prototype, {
+
+  // renders newView & indexView to concatenates them in this.el
+  // so the html is ready to be displayed
+  render: function() {
+    $(this.el).html(this.template({length: this.collection.length}))
+    $(this.newView.render().el).hide().appendTo(this.el);
+    $(this.indexView.el).appendTo(this.el);
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  // Display is called in the router and takes care of it all
+  display: function() {
+    this.render();
+    $(this.el).hide();
+    $("#content").append(this.el);
+    this.addToPage();
+    this.slide();
+  },
+
+  addToPage: function() {
+    // Stub method to be overriden
+  },
+
+  slide: function() {
+    $(this.el).fadeIn("fast")
+  },
+
+  // Index View
+  refreshIndex : function(event) {
+    var year = $(event.currentTarget).prop("value");
+    this.indexView.collection.fetch({data: {year: year}})
+  },
+
+  // Reload resources with last data
+  reloadIndex : function() {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    this.indexView.collection.default_fetch();
+  },
+
+  // New View
+  displayNew : function(event){
+    event.preventDefault();
+    this.$(this.newView.el).slideToggle()
+  }
+
+});
+
+Grid.PageView.extend = Backbone.View.extend;
+
+
+// ==================================
+// # IndexView : rendered by PageView
+// ===================================
+
+Grid.IndexView = function(options){
+  this.events = {
+    "click tr[class!='edit'] td, tr[class!='month'] td" : "edit",
+    "mouseover tr" : "highlightStatus",
+    "mouseout tr" : "downlightStatus"
+  };
+
+  Backbone.View.apply(this, [options]);
+
+  this.childViews = [];
+  this.collection.on("reset", this.render, this);
+  this.collection.on("add", this.render, this);
+  this.collection.on("filter", this.render, this);
+
+
+  // consider using events instead of render()
+  //this.collection.on("reset", this.cleanChildren, this);
+  //this.collection.on("filter", this.cleanChildren, this);
+};
+
+_.extend(Grid.IndexView.prototype, Backbone.View.prototype, {
+
+  render : function() {
+    this.cleanChildren();
+    var html = this.template({collection: this.collection.toJSON()});
+    $(this.el).html(html)
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  // creates an editView from row_id
+  edit : function(event) {
+    this._setModelFromRow(event);
+    var row = new this.editView({model: this.model, el: this.row});
+    this.addChild(row);
+    row.editCell(event);
+  },
+
+  // convienence method to extract the models id from tr#id
+  _setModelFromRow : function(event){
+    var $cell = this.$(event.currentTarget);
+    this.row  = $cell.closest("tr");
+    this.row.addClass("edit");
+    var model_id = this.row.attr("id").replace(/[a-z].*_/, "");
+    this.model = this.collection.get(model_id);
+  },
+
+  highlightStatus: function(event) {
+    $(event.currentTarget).addClass("bgyellow")
+  },
+
+  downlightStatus: function(event) {
+    $(event.currentTarget).removeClass("bgyellow");
+  },
+
+  // keeps tracks of all editViews so they can get cleaned up
+  addChild: function(childView) {
+    this.childViews.push(childView);
+  },
+
+  cleanChildren: function() {
+    _.each(this.childViews, function(child){
+      child.undelegateEvents();
+    });
+    this.childViews = [];
+  },
+
+  donothing: function() {}
+});
+
+Grid.IndexView.extend = Backbone.View.extend;
+
+
+
+// =====================================================
+// # NewView : handles displaying formtriggers 'created'
+// =====================================================
+
+Grid.NewView = function(options) {
+  this.events = {
+    "submit": "createModel"
+  };
+
+  Backbone.View.apply(this, [options]);
+};
+
+_.extend(Grid.NewView.prototype, Backbone.View.prototype, {
+  // renders a nice form below the header
+  render: function(){
+    var html = this.template();
+    $(this.el).html(html);
+    if(this._formHelpers) this._formHelpers();
+
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  // creates the model from the form and adds it to collection
+  createModel: function(event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    //this.$("input[type='submit']").prop("disabled", true);
+    var self = this,
+        attrs = this.gatherInputs(),
+        model = new this.collection.model(attrs);
+
+    this.collection.create(attrs, {wait: true});
+  },
+
+  gatherInputs: function() {
+    var attrs = _.reduce(this.$("input[id],textarea,select"), function(memo, input){
+      var k = $(input).prop("name").replace(/[a-z_].*\[([a-z].*)\]/, "$1")
+      memo[k] = $(input).val() || $(input).text();
+      return memo;
+    }, {})
+    return attrs;
+  }
+});
+
+Grid.NewView.extend = Backbone.View.extend;
+
+
+// ====================================================
+// # EditView : opens an input on a the dblclicked cell
+// ====================================================
+
+Grid.EditView = function(options) {
+
+  this.events = {
+    "click input,textarea" : "donothing",
+    "dblclick input,textarea" : "donothing",
+    "click td" : "editCell",
+    "keyup input,textarea" : "keyup"
+  };
+
+  Backbone.View.apply(this, [options]);
+};
+
+_.extend(Grid.EditView.prototype, Backbone.View.prototype, {
+
+  // The meat of editView : takes care of rendering inline
+  // in the cell clicked in indexView or editView
+  editCell : function(event) {
+    event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+    this.cell = $(event.currentTarget);
+    this.attribute = this.cell.attr("class");
+
+    var inputTemplate = this._createInputTemplate();
+    if(inputTemplate == false) return;
+    // We only have Handlebar runtime no compiling available
+    //var template = Handlebars.compile(inputTemplate);
+    var compiled = _.template(inputTemplate);
+    this.inputTag = compiled( this.model.toJSON() );
+
+    // setting height & width
+    var width = this._cellWidth();
+    var height = this._cellHeight();
+    if( $(this.inputTag).prop("type") != "checkbox" ){
+      this.inputTag = $(this.inputTag).width(width - 10);
+      //this.inputTag = $(this.inputTag).height(height - 6);
+    }
+
+    // renders the input tag
+    this.cell.html(this.inputTag);
+    $(this.inputTag).focus();
+
+    //this._formHelpers()
+    //this._orchestrasAutocomplete();
+
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  // calculates cell width so it can be applied on the input tag
+  _cellWidth : function() {
+    var width  = this.cell.width();
+    this.cell.width(width);
+    return width;
+  },
+
+  _cellHeight : function(){
+    var height = this.cell.height();
+    //this.cell.height(height);
+    return height
+  },
+
+  // gathers all the inputs tag of a row and sets the attributes of the model
+  gatherInputs: function() {
+    var attrs = _.reduce(this.$("input,textarea,select"), function(memo, input){
+      memo[$(input).prop("name")] = $(input).val() || $(input).text();
+      return memo;
+    }, {})
+    return attrs;
+  },
+
+  // saves the model after gathering changes and triggers model -> 'saved'
+  updateModel : function() {
+    var self = this,
+        attrs = this.gatherInputs();
+    this.model.save(attrs, {wait: true});
+  },
+
+  // renders a clean row after an update or cancel(esc)
+  renderRow : function(){
+    var html = this.template(this.model.toJSON());
+    $(this.el).html(html);
+  },
+
+  // wrapper to call updateModel
+  keyup: function (event) {
+    if (event.keyCode == 13) { // retrun
+      event.preventDefault();
+      event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+      this.updateModel();
+    } else if (event.keyCode == 27) { // escape
+      event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+      this.renderRow();
+    }
+  },
+
+  donothing : function(event) {
+    event.stopImmediatePropagation();
+  },
+
+  noop: null
+});
+
+Grid.EditView.extend = Backbone.View.extend;
+

data/lib/assets/javascripts/backbone.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1290 @@
+//     Backbone.js 0.9.1
+
+//     (c) 2010-2012 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
+//     Backbone may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
+//     For all details and documentation:
+//     http://backbonejs.org
+
+(function(){
+
+  // Initial Setup
+  // -------------
+
+  // Save a reference to the global object (`window` in the browser, `global`
+  // on the server).
+  var root = this;
+
+  // Save the previous value of the `Backbone` variable, so that it can be
+  // restored later on, if `noConflict` is used.
+  var previousBackbone = root.Backbone;
+
+  // Create a local reference to slice/splice.
+  var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
+  var splice = Array.prototype.splice;
+
+  // The top-level namespace. All public Backbone classes and modules will
+  // be attached to this. Exported for both CommonJS and the browser.
+  var Backbone;
+  if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
+    Backbone = exports;
+  } else {
+    Backbone = root.Backbone = {};
+  }
+
+  // Current version of the library. Keep in sync with `package.json`.
+  Backbone.VERSION = '0.9.1';
+
+  // Require Underscore, if we're on the server, and it's not already present.
+  var _ = root._;
+  if (!_ && (typeof require !== 'undefined')) _ = require('underscore');
+
+  // For Backbone's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, or Ender owns the `$` variable.
+  var $ = root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender;
+
+  // Set the JavaScript library that will be used for DOM manipulation and
+  // Ajax calls (a.k.a. the `$` variable). By default Backbone will use: jQuery,
+  // Zepto, or Ender; but the `setDomLibrary()` method lets you inject an
+  // alternate JavaScript library (or a mock library for testing your views
+  // outside of a browser).
+  Backbone.setDomLibrary = function(lib) {
+    $ = lib;
+  };
+
+  // Runs Backbone.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `Backbone` variable
+  // to its previous owner. Returns a reference to this Backbone object.
+  Backbone.noConflict = function() {
+    root.Backbone = previousBackbone;
+    return this;
+  };
+
+  // Turn on `emulateHTTP` to support legacy HTTP servers. Setting this option
+  // will fake `"PUT"` and `"DELETE"` requests via the `_method` parameter and
+  // set a `X-Http-Method-Override` header.
+  Backbone.emulateHTTP = false;
+
+  // Turn on `emulateJSON` to support legacy servers that can't deal with direct
+  // `application/json` requests ... will encode the body as
+  // `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` instead and will send the model in a
+  // form param named `model`.
+  Backbone.emulateJSON = false;
+
+  // Backbone.Events
+  // -----------------
+
+  // A module that can be mixed in to *any object* in order to provide it with
+  // custom events. You may bind with `on` or remove with `off` callback functions
+  // to an event; trigger`-ing an event fires all callbacks in succession.
+  //
+  //     var object = {};
+  //     _.extend(object, Backbone.Events);
+  //     object.on('expand', function(){ alert('expanded'); });
+  //     object.trigger('expand');
+  //
+  Backbone.Events = {
+
+    // Bind an event, specified by a string name, `ev`, to a `callback`
+    // function. Passing `"all"` will bind the callback to all events fired.
+    on: function(events, callback, context) {
+      var ev;
+      events = events.split(/\s+/);
+      var calls = this._callbacks || (this._callbacks = {});
+      while (ev = events.shift()) {
+        // Create an immutable callback list, allowing traversal during
+        // modification.  The tail is an empty object that will always be used
+        // as the next node.
+        var list  = calls[ev] || (calls[ev] = {});
+        var tail = list.tail || (list.tail = list.next = {});
+        tail.callback = callback;
+        tail.context = context;
+        list.tail = tail.next = {};
+      }
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Remove one or many callbacks. If `context` is null, removes all callbacks
+    // with that function. If `callback` is null, removes all callbacks for the
+    // event. If `ev` is null, removes all bound callbacks for all events.
+    off: function(events, callback, context) {
+      var ev, calls, node;
+      if (!events) {
+        delete this._callbacks;
+      } else if (calls = this._callbacks) {
+        events = events.split(/\s+/);
+        while (ev = events.shift()) {
+          node = calls[ev];
+          delete calls[ev];
+          if (!callback || !node) continue;
+          // Create a new list, omitting the indicated event/context pairs.
+          while ((node = node.next) && node.next) {
+            if (node.callback === callback &&
+              (!context || node.context === context)) continue;
+            this.on(ev, node.callback, node.context);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Trigger an event, firing all bound callbacks. Callbacks are passed the
+    // same arguments as `trigger` is, apart from the event name.
+    // Listening for `"all"` passes the true event name as the first argument.
+    trigger: function(events) {
+      var event, node, calls, tail, args, all, rest;
+      if (!(calls = this._callbacks)) return this;
+      all = calls['all'];
+      (events = events.split(/\s+/)).push(null);
+      // Save references to the current heads & tails.
+      while (event = events.shift()) {
+        if (all) events.push({next: all.next, tail: all.tail, event: event});
+        if (!(node = calls[event])) continue;
+        events.push({next: node.next, tail: node.tail});
+      }
+      // Traverse each list, stopping when the saved tail is reached.
+      rest = slice.call(arguments, 1);
+      while (node = events.pop()) {
+        tail = node.tail;
+        args = node.event ? [node.event].concat(rest) : rest;
+        while ((node = node.next) !== tail) {
+          node.callback.apply(node.context || this, args);
+        }
+      }
+      return this;
+    }
+
+  };
+
+  // Aliases for backwards compatibility.
+  Backbone.Events.bind   = Backbone.Events.on;
+  Backbone.Events.unbind = Backbone.Events.off;
+
+  // Backbone.Model
+  // --------------
+
+  // Create a new model, with defined attributes. A client id (`cid`)
+  // is automatically generated and assigned for you.
+  Backbone.Model = function(attributes, options) {
+    var defaults;
+    attributes || (attributes = {});
+    if (options && options.parse) attributes = this.parse(attributes);
+    if (defaults = getValue(this, 'defaults')) {
+      attributes = _.extend({}, defaults, attributes);
+    }
+    if (options && options.collection) this.collection = options.collection;
+    this.attributes = {};
+    this._escapedAttributes = {};
+    this.cid = _.uniqueId('c');
+    if (!this.set(attributes, {silent: true})) {
+      throw new Error("Can't create an invalid model");
+    }
+    delete this._changed;
+    this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes);
+    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+  };
+
+  // Attach all inheritable methods to the Model prototype.
+  _.extend(Backbone.Model.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+    // The default name for the JSON `id` attribute is `"id"`. MongoDB and
+    // CouchDB users may want to set this to `"_id"`.
+    idAttribute: 'id',
+
+    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
+    // initialization logic.
+    initialize: function(){},
+
+    // Return a copy of the model's `attributes` object.
+    toJSON: function() {
+      return _.clone(this.attributes);
+    },
+
+    // Get the value of an attribute.
+    get: function(attr) {
+      return this.attributes[attr];
+    },
+
+    // Get the HTML-escaped value of an attribute.
+    escape: function(attr) {
+      var html;
+      if (html = this._escapedAttributes[attr]) return html;
+      var val = this.attributes[attr];
+      return this._escapedAttributes[attr] = _.escape(val == null ? '' : '' + val);
+    },
+
+    // Returns `true` if the attribute contains a value that is not null
+    // or undefined.
+    has: function(attr) {
+      return this.attributes[attr] != null;
+    },
+
+    // Set a hash of model attributes on the object, firing `"change"` unless
+    // you choose to silence it.
+    set: function(key, value, options) {
+      var attrs, attr, val;
+      if (_.isObject(key) || key == null) {
+        attrs = key;
+        options = value;
+      } else {
+        attrs = {};
+        attrs[key] = value;
+      }
+
+      // Extract attributes and options.
+      options || (options = {});
+      if (!attrs) return this;
+      if (attrs instanceof Backbone.Model) attrs = attrs.attributes;
+      if (options.unset) for (attr in attrs) attrs[attr] = void 0;
+
+      // Run validation.
+      if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false;
+
+      // Check for changes of `id`.
+      if (this.idAttribute in attrs) this.id = attrs[this.idAttribute];
+
+      var now = this.attributes;
+      var escaped = this._escapedAttributes;
+      var prev = this._previousAttributes || {};
+      var alreadySetting = this._setting;
+      this._changed || (this._changed = {});
+      this._setting = true;
+
+      // Update attributes.
+      for (attr in attrs) {
+        val = attrs[attr];
+        if (!_.isEqual(now[attr], val)) delete escaped[attr];
+        options.unset ? delete now[attr] : now[attr] = val;
+        if (this._changing && !_.isEqual(this._changed[attr], val)) {
+          this.trigger('change:' + attr, this, val, options);
+          this._moreChanges = true;
+        }
+        delete this._changed[attr];
+        if (!_.isEqual(prev[attr], val) || (_.has(now, attr) != _.has(prev, attr))) {
+          this._changed[attr] = val;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Fire the `"change"` events, if the model has been changed.
+      if (!alreadySetting) {
+        if (!options.silent && this.hasChanged()) this.change(options);
+        this._setting = false;
+      }
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Remove an attribute from the model, firing `"change"` unless you choose
+    // to silence it. `unset` is a noop if the attribute doesn't exist.
+    unset: function(attr, options) {
+      (options || (options = {})).unset = true;
+      return this.set(attr, null, options);
+    },
+
+    // Clear all attributes on the model, firing `"change"` unless you choose
+    // to silence it.
+    clear: function(options) {
+      (options || (options = {})).unset = true;
+      return this.set(_.clone(this.attributes), options);
+    },
+
+    // Fetch the model from the server. If the server's representation of the
+    // model differs from its current attributes, they will be overriden,
+    // triggering a `"change"` event.
+    fetch: function(options) {
+      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+      var model = this;
+      var success = options.success;
+      options.success = function(resp, status, xhr) {
+        if (!model.set(model.parse(resp, xhr), options)) return false;
+        if (success) success(model, resp);
+      };
+      options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, model, options);
+      return (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, 'read', this, options);
+    },
+
+    // Set a hash of model attributes, and sync the model to the server.
+    // If the server returns an attributes hash that differs, the model's
+    // state will be `set` again.
+    save: function(key, value, options) {
+      var attrs, current;
+      if (_.isObject(key) || key == null) {
+        attrs = key;
+        options = value;
+      } else {
+        attrs = {};
+        attrs[key] = value;
+      }
+
+      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+      if (options.wait) current = _.clone(this.attributes);
+      var silentOptions = _.extend({}, options, {silent: true});
+      if (attrs && !this.set(attrs, options.wait ? silentOptions : options)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      var model = this;
+      var success = options.success;
+      options.success = function(resp, status, xhr) {
+        var serverAttrs = model.parse(resp, xhr);
+        if (options.wait) serverAttrs = _.extend(attrs || {}, serverAttrs);
+        if (!model.set(serverAttrs, options)) return false;
+        if (success) {
+          success(model, resp);
+        } else {
+          model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
+        }
+      };
+      options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, model, options);
+      var method = this.isNew() ? 'create' : 'update';
+      var xhr = (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, method, this, options);
+      if (options.wait) this.set(current, silentOptions);
+      return xhr;
+    },
+
+    // Destroy this model on the server if it was already persisted.
+    // Optimistically removes the model from its collection, if it has one.
+    // If `wait: true` is passed, waits for the server to respond before removal.
+    destroy: function(options) {
+      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+      var model = this;
+      var success = options.success;
+
+      var triggerDestroy = function() {
+        model.trigger('destroy', model, model.collection, options);
+      };
+
+      if (this.isNew()) return triggerDestroy();
+      options.success = function(resp) {
+        if (options.wait) triggerDestroy();
+        if (success) {
+          success(model, resp);
+        } else {
+          model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
+        }
+      };
+      options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, model, options);
+      var xhr = (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, 'delete', this, options);
+      if (!options.wait) triggerDestroy();
+      return xhr;
+    },
+
+    // Default URL for the model's representation on the server -- if you're
+    // using Backbone's restful methods, override this to change the endpoint
+    // that will be called.
+    url: function() {
+      var base = getValue(this.collection, 'url') || getValue(this, 'urlRoot') || urlError();
+      if (this.isNew()) return base;
+      return base + (base.charAt(base.length - 1) == '/' ? '' : '/') + encodeURIComponent(this.id);
+    },
+
+    // **parse** converts a response into the hash of attributes to be `set` on
+    // the model. The default implementation is just to pass the response along.
+    parse: function(resp, xhr) {
+      return resp;
+    },
+
+    // Create a new model with identical attributes to this one.
+    clone: function() {
+      return new this.constructor(this.attributes);
+    },
+
+    // A model is new if it has never been saved to the server, and lacks an id.
+    isNew: function() {
+      return this.id == null;
+    },
+
+    // Call this method to manually fire a `"change"` event for this model and
+    // a `"change:attribute"` event for each changed attribute.
+    // Calling this will cause all objects observing the model to update.
+    change: function(options) {
+      if (this._changing || !this.hasChanged()) return this;
+      this._changing = true;
+      this._moreChanges = true;
+      for (var attr in this._changed) {
+        this.trigger('change:' + attr, this, this._changed[attr], options);
+      }
+      while (this._moreChanges) {
+        this._moreChanges = false;
+        this.trigger('change', this, options);
+      }
+      this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes);
+      delete this._changed;
+      this._changing = false;
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Determine if the model has changed since the last `"change"` event.
+    // If you specify an attribute name, determine if that attribute has changed.
+    hasChanged: function(attr) {
+      if (!arguments.length) return !_.isEmpty(this._changed);
+      return this._changed && _.has(this._changed, attr);
+    },
+
+    // Return an object containing all the attributes that have changed, or
+    // false if there are no changed attributes. Useful for determining what
+    // parts of a view need to be updated and/or what attributes need to be
+    // persisted to the server. Unset attributes will be set to undefined.
+    // You can also pass an attributes object to diff against the model,
+    // determining if there *would be* a change.
+    changedAttributes: function(diff) {
+      if (!diff) return this.hasChanged() ? _.clone(this._changed) : false;
+      var val, changed = false, old = this._previousAttributes;
+      for (var attr in diff) {
+        if (_.isEqual(old[attr], (val = diff[attr]))) continue;
+        (changed || (changed = {}))[attr] = val;
+      }
+      return changed;
+    },
+
+    // Get the previous value of an attribute, recorded at the time the last
+    // `"change"` event was fired.
+    previous: function(attr) {
+      if (!arguments.length || !this._previousAttributes) return null;
+      return this._previousAttributes[attr];
+    },
+
+    // Get all of the attributes of the model at the time of the previous
+    // `"change"` event.
+    previousAttributes: function() {
+      return _.clone(this._previousAttributes);
+    },
+
+    // Check if the model is currently in a valid state. It's only possible to
+    // get into an *invalid* state if you're using silent changes.
+    isValid: function() {
+      return !this.validate(this.attributes);
+    },
+
+    // Run validation against a set of incoming attributes, returning `true`
+    // if all is well. If a specific `error` callback has been passed,
+    // call that instead of firing the general `"error"` event.
+    _validate: function(attrs, options) {
+      if (options.silent || !this.validate) return true;
+      attrs = _.extend({}, this.attributes, attrs);
+      var error = this.validate(attrs, options);
+      if (!error) return true;
+      if (options && options.error) {
+        options.error(this, error, options);
+      } else {
+        this.trigger('error', this, error, options);
+      }
+      return false;
+    }
+
+  });
+
+  // Backbone.Collection
+  // -------------------
+
+  // Provides a standard collection class for our sets of models, ordered
+  // or unordered. If a `comparator` is specified, the Collection will maintain
+  // its models in sort order, as they're added and removed.
+  Backbone.Collection = function(models, options) {
+    options || (options = {});
+    if (options.comparator) this.comparator = options.comparator;
+    this._reset();
+    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+    if (models) this.reset(models, {silent: true, parse: options.parse});
+  };
+
+  // Define the Collection's inheritable methods.
+  _.extend(Backbone.Collection.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+    // The default model for a collection is just a **Backbone.Model**.
+    // This should be overridden in most cases.
+    model: Backbone.Model,
+
+    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
+    // initialization logic.
+    initialize: function(){},
+
+    // The JSON representation of a Collection is an array of the
+    // models' attributes.
+    toJSON: function() {
+      return this.map(function(model){ return model.toJSON(); });
+    },
+
+    // Add a model, or list of models to the set. Pass **silent** to avoid
+    // firing the `add` event for every new model.
+    add: function(models, options) {
+      var i, index, length, model, cid, id, cids = {}, ids = {};
+      options || (options = {});
+      models = _.isArray(models) ? models.slice() : [models];
+
+      // Begin by turning bare objects into model references, and preventing
+      // invalid models or duplicate models from being added.
+      for (i = 0, length = models.length; i < length; i++) {
+        if (!(model = models[i] = this._prepareModel(models[i], options))) {
+          throw new Error("Can't add an invalid model to a collection");
+        }
+        if (cids[cid = model.cid] || this._byCid[cid] ||
+          (((id = model.id) != null) && (ids[id] || this._byId[id]))) {
+          throw new Error("Can't add the same model to a collection twice");
+        }
+        cids[cid] = ids[id] = model;
+      }
+
+      // Listen to added models' events, and index models for lookup by
+      // `id` and by `cid`.
+      for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        (model = models[i]).on('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
+        this._byCid[model.cid] = model;
+        if (model.id != null) this._byId[model.id] = model;
+      }
+
+      // Insert models into the collection, re-sorting if needed, and triggering
+      // `add` events unless silenced.
+      this.length += length;
+      index = options.at != null ? options.at : this.models.length;
+      splice.apply(this.models, [index, 0].concat(models));
+      if (this.comparator) this.sort({silent: true});
+      if (options.silent) return this;
+      for (i = 0, length = this.models.length; i < length; i++) {
+        if (!cids[(model = this.models[i]).cid]) continue;
+        options.index = i;
+        model.trigger('add', model, this, options);
+      }
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Remove a model, or a list of models from the set. Pass silent to avoid
+    // firing the `remove` event for every model removed.
+    remove: function(models, options) {
+      var i, l, index, model;
+      options || (options = {});
+      models = _.isArray(models) ? models.slice() : [models];
+      for (i = 0, l = models.length; i < l; i++) {
+        model = this.getByCid(models[i]) || this.get(models[i]);
+        if (!model) continue;
+        delete this._byId[model.id];
+        delete this._byCid[model.cid];
+        index = this.indexOf(model);
+        this.models.splice(index, 1);
+        this.length--;
+        if (!options.silent) {
+          options.index = index;
+          model.trigger('remove', model, this, options);
+        }
+        this._removeReference(model);
+      }
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Get a model from the set by id.
+    get: function(id) {
+      if (id == null) return null;
+      return this._byId[id.id != null ? id.id : id];
+    },
+
+    // Get a model from the set by client id.
+    getByCid: function(cid) {
+      return cid && this._byCid[cid.cid || cid];
+    },
+
+    // Get the model at the given index.
+    at: function(index) {
+      return this.models[index];
+    },
+
+    // Force the collection to re-sort itself. You don't need to call this under
+    // normal circumstances, as the set will maintain sort order as each item
+    // is added.
+    sort: function(options) {
+      options || (options = {});
+      if (!this.comparator) throw new Error('Cannot sort a set without a comparator');
+      var boundComparator = _.bind(this.comparator, this);
+      if (this.comparator.length == 1) {
+        this.models = this.sortBy(boundComparator);
+      } else {
+        this.models.sort(boundComparator);
+      }
+      if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options);
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Pluck an attribute from each model in the collection.
+    pluck: function(attr) {
+      return _.map(this.models, function(model){ return model.get(attr); });
+    },
+
+    // When you have more items than you want to add or remove individually,
+    // you can reset the entire set with a new list of models, without firing
+    // any `add` or `remove` events. Fires `reset` when finished.
+    reset: function(models, options) {
+      models  || (models = []);
+      options || (options = {});
+      for (var i = 0, l = this.models.length; i < l; i++) {
+        this._removeReference(this.models[i]);
+      }
+      this._reset();
+      this.add(models, {silent: true, parse: options.parse});
+      if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options);
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Fetch the default set of models for this collection, resetting the
+    // collection when they arrive. If `add: true` is passed, appends the
+    // models to the collection instead of resetting.
+    fetch: function(options) {
+      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+      if (options.parse === undefined) options.parse = true;
+      var collection = this;
+      var success = options.success;
+      options.success = function(resp, status, xhr) {
+        collection[options.add ? 'add' : 'reset'](collection.parse(resp, xhr), options);
+        if (success) success(collection, resp);
+      };
+      options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, collection, options);
+      return (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, 'read', this, options);
+    },
+
+    // Create a new instance of a model in this collection. Add the model to the
+    // collection immediately, unless `wait: true` is passed, in which case we
+    // wait for the server to agree.
+    create: function(model, options) {
+      var coll = this;
+      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+      model = this._prepareModel(model, options);
+      if (!model) return false;
+      if (!options.wait) coll.add(model, options);
+      var success = options.success;
+      options.success = function(nextModel, resp, xhr) {
+        if (options.wait) coll.add(nextModel, options);
+        if (success) {
+          success(nextModel, resp);
+        } else {
+          nextModel.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
+        }
+      };
+      model.save(null, options);
+      return model;
+    },
+
+    // **parse** converts a response into a list of models to be added to the
+    // collection. The default implementation is just to pass it through.
+    parse: function(resp, xhr) {
+      return resp;
+    },
+
+    // Proxy to _'s chain. Can't be proxied the same way the rest of the
+    // underscore methods are proxied because it relies on the underscore
+    // constructor.
+    chain: function () {
+      return _(this.models).chain();
+    },
+
+    // Reset all internal state. Called when the collection is reset.
+    _reset: function(options) {
+      this.length = 0;
+      this.models = [];
+      this._byId  = {};
+      this._byCid = {};
+    },
+
+    // Prepare a model or hash of attributes to be added to this collection.
+    _prepareModel: function(model, options) {
+      if (!(model instanceof Backbone.Model)) {
+        var attrs = model;
+        options.collection = this;
+        model = new this.model(attrs, options);
+        if (!model._validate(model.attributes, options)) model = false;
+      } else if (!model.collection) {
+        model.collection = this;
+      }
+      return model;
+    },
+
+    // Internal method to remove a model's ties to a collection.
+    _removeReference: function(model) {
+      if (this == model.collection) {
+        delete model.collection;
+      }
+      model.off('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
+    },
+
+    // Internal method called every time a model in the set fires an event.
+    // Sets need to update their indexes when models change ids. All other
+    // events simply proxy through. "add" and "remove" events that originate
+    // in other collections are ignored.
+    _onModelEvent: function(ev, model, collection, options) {
+      if ((ev == 'add' || ev == 'remove') && collection != this) return;
+      if (ev == 'destroy') {
+        this.remove(model, options);
+      }
+      if (model && ev === 'change:' + model.idAttribute) {
+        delete this._byId[model.previous(model.idAttribute)];
+        this._byId[model.id] = model;
+      }
+      this.trigger.apply(this, arguments);
+    }
+
+  });
+
+  // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Collection.
+  var methods = ['forEach', 'each', 'map', 'reduce', 'reduceRight', 'find',
+    'detect', 'filter', 'select', 'reject', 'every', 'all', 'some', 'any',
+    'include', 'contains', 'invoke', 'max', 'min', 'sortBy', 'sortedIndex',
+    'toArray', 'size', 'first', 'initial', 'rest', 'last', 'without', 'indexOf',
+    'shuffle', 'lastIndexOf', 'isEmpty', 'groupBy'];
+
+  // Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to `Collection#models`.
+  _.each(methods, function(method) {
+    Backbone.Collection.prototype[method] = function() {
+      return _[method].apply(_, [this.models].concat(_.toArray(arguments)));
+    };
+  });
+
+  // Backbone.Router
+  // -------------------
+
+  // Routers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are
+  // matched. Creating a new one sets its `routes` hash, if not set statically.
+  Backbone.Router = function(options) {
+    options || (options = {});
+    if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes;
+    this._bindRoutes();
+    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+  };
+
+  // Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted
+  // parts of route strings.
+  var namedParam    = /:\w+/g;
+  var splatParam    = /\*\w+/g;
+  var escapeRegExp  = /[-[\]{}()+?.,\\^$|#\s]/g;
+
+  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.Router** properties and methods.
+  _.extend(Backbone.Router.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
+    // initialization logic.
+    initialize: function(){},
+
+    // Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example:
+    //
+    //     this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) {
+    //       ...
+    //     });
+    //
+    route: function(route, name, callback) {
+      Backbone.history || (Backbone.history = new Backbone.History);
+      if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route);
+      if (!callback) callback = this[name];
+      Backbone.history.route(route, _.bind(function(fragment) {
+        var args = this._extractParameters(route, fragment);
+        callback && callback.apply(this, args);
+        this.trigger.apply(this, ['route:' + name].concat(args));
+        Backbone.history.trigger('route', this, name, args);
+      }, this));
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Simple proxy to `Backbone.history` to save a fragment into the history.
+    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
+      Backbone.history.navigate(fragment, options);
+    },
+
+    // Bind all defined routes to `Backbone.history`. We have to reverse the
+    // order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general
+    // routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map.
+    _bindRoutes: function() {
+      if (!this.routes) return;
+      var routes = [];
+      for (var route in this.routes) {
+        routes.unshift([route, this.routes[route]]);
+      }
+      for (var i = 0, l = routes.length; i < l; i++) {
+        this.route(routes[i][0], routes[i][1], this[routes[i][1]]);
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching
+    // against the current location hash.
+    _routeToRegExp: function(route) {
+      route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&')
+                   .replace(namedParam, '([^\/]+)')
+                   .replace(splatParam, '(.*?)');
+      return new RegExp('^' + route + '$');
+    },
+
+    // Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of
+    // extracted parameters.
+    _extractParameters: function(route, fragment) {
+      return route.exec(fragment).slice(1);
+    }
+
+  });
+
+  // Backbone.History
+  // ----------------
+
+  // Handles cross-browser history management, based on URL fragments. If the
+  // browser does not support `onhashchange`, falls back to polling.
+  Backbone.History = function() {
+    this.handlers = [];
+    _.bindAll(this, 'checkUrl');
+  };
+
+  // Cached regex for cleaning leading hashes and slashes .
+  var routeStripper = /^[#\/]/;
+
+  // Cached regex for detecting MSIE.
+  var isExplorer = /msie [\w.]+/;
+
+  // Has the history handling already been started?
+  var historyStarted = false;
+
+  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.History** properties and methods.
+  _.extend(Backbone.History.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+    // The default interval to poll for hash changes, if necessary, is
+    // twenty times a second.
+    interval: 50,
+
+    // Get the cross-browser normalized URL fragment, either from the URL,
+    // the hash, or the override.
+    getFragment: function(fragment, forcePushState) {
+      if (fragment == null) {
+        if (this._hasPushState || forcePushState) {
+          fragment = window.location.pathname;
+          var search = window.location.search;
+          if (search) fragment += search;
+        } else {
+          fragment = window.location.hash;
+        }
+      }
+      fragment = decodeURIComponent(fragment);
+      if (!fragment.indexOf(this.options.root)) fragment = fragment.substr(this.options.root.length);
+      return fragment.replace(routeStripper, '');
+    },
+
+    // Start the hash change handling, returning `true` if the current URL matches
+    // an existing route, and `false` otherwise.
+    start: function(options) {
+
+      // Figure out the initial configuration. Do we need an iframe?
+      // Is pushState desired ... is it available?
+      if (historyStarted) throw new Error("Backbone.history has already been started");
+      this.options          = _.extend({}, {root: '/'}, this.options, options);
+      this._wantsHashChange = this.options.hashChange !== false;
+      this._wantsPushState  = !!this.options.pushState;
+      this._hasPushState    = !!(this.options.pushState && window.history && window.history.pushState);
+      var fragment          = this.getFragment();
+      var docMode           = document.documentMode;
+      var oldIE             = (isExplorer.exec(navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase()) && (!docMode || docMode <= 7));
+      if (oldIE) {
+        this.iframe = $('<iframe src="javascript:0" tabindex="-1" />').hide().appendTo('body')[0].contentWindow;
+        this.navigate(fragment);
+      }
+
+      // Depending on whether we're using pushState or hashes, and whether
+      // 'onhashchange' is supported, determine how we check the URL state.
+      if (this._hasPushState) {
+        $(window).bind('popstate', this.checkUrl);
+      } else if (this._wantsHashChange && ('onhashchange' in window) && !oldIE) {
+        $(window).bind('hashchange', this.checkUrl);
+      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
+        this._checkUrlInterval = setInterval(this.checkUrl, this.interval);
+      }
+
+      // Determine if we need to change the base url, for a pushState link
+      // opened by a non-pushState browser.
+      this.fragment = fragment;
+      historyStarted = true;
+      var loc = window.location;
+      var atRoot  = loc.pathname == this.options.root;
+
+      // If we've started off with a route from a `pushState`-enabled browser,
+      // but we're currently in a browser that doesn't support it...
+      if (this._wantsHashChange && this._wantsPushState && !this._hasPushState && !atRoot) {
+        this.fragment = this.getFragment(null, true);
+        window.location.replace(this.options.root + '#' + this.fragment);
+        // Return immediately as browser will do redirect to new url
+        return true;
+
+      // Or if we've started out with a hash-based route, but we're currently
+      // in a browser where it could be `pushState`-based instead...
+      } else if (this._wantsPushState && this._hasPushState && atRoot && loc.hash) {
+        this.fragment = loc.hash.replace(routeStripper, '');
+        window.history.replaceState({}, document.title, loc.protocol + '//' + loc.host + this.options.root + this.fragment);
+      }
+
+      if (!this.options.silent) {
+        return this.loadUrl();
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Disable Backbone.history, perhaps temporarily. Not useful in a real app,
+    // but possibly useful for unit testing Routers.
+    stop: function() {
+      $(window).unbind('popstate', this.checkUrl).unbind('hashchange', this.checkUrl);
+      clearInterval(this._checkUrlInterval);
+      historyStarted = false;
+    },
+
+    // Add a route to be tested when the fragment changes. Routes added later
+    // may override previous routes.
+    route: function(route, callback) {
+      this.handlers.unshift({route: route, callback: callback});
+    },
+
+    // Checks the current URL to see if it has changed, and if it has,
+    // calls `loadUrl`, normalizing across the hidden iframe.
+    checkUrl: function(e) {
+      var current = this.getFragment();
+      if (current == this.fragment && this.iframe) current = this.getFragment(this.iframe.location.hash);
+      if (current == this.fragment || current == decodeURIComponent(this.fragment)) return false;
+      if (this.iframe) this.navigate(current);
+      this.loadUrl() || this.loadUrl(window.location.hash);
+    },
+
+    // Attempt to load the current URL fragment. If a route succeeds with a
+    // match, returns `true`. If no defined routes matches the fragment,
+    // returns `false`.
+    loadUrl: function(fragmentOverride) {
+      var fragment = this.fragment = this.getFragment(fragmentOverride);
+      var matched = _.any(this.handlers, function(handler) {
+        if (handler.route.test(fragment)) {
+          handler.callback(fragment);
+          return true;
+        }
+      });
+      return matched;
+    },
+
+    // Save a fragment into the hash history, or replace the URL state if the
+    // 'replace' option is passed. You are responsible for properly URL-encoding
+    // the fragment in advance.
+    //
+    // The options object can contain `trigger: true` if you wish to have the
+    // route callback be fired (not usually desirable), or `replace: true`, if
+    // you which to modify the current URL without adding an entry to the history.
+    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
+      if (!historyStarted) return false;
+      if (!options || options === true) options = {trigger: options};
+      var frag = (fragment || '').replace(routeStripper, '');
+      if (this.fragment == frag || this.fragment == decodeURIComponent(frag)) return;
+
+      // If pushState is available, we use it to set the fragment as a real URL.
+      if (this._hasPushState) {
+        if (frag.indexOf(this.options.root) != 0) frag = this.options.root + frag;
+        this.fragment = frag;
+        window.history[options.replace ? 'replaceState' : 'pushState']({}, document.title, frag);
+
+      // If hash changes haven't been explicitly disabled, update the hash
+      // fragment to store history.
+      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
+        this.fragment = frag;
+        this._updateHash(window.location, frag, options.replace);
+        if (this.iframe && (frag != this.getFragment(this.iframe.location.hash))) {
+          // Opening and closing the iframe tricks IE7 and earlier to push a history entry on hash-tag change.
+          // When replace is true, we don't want this.
+          if(!options.replace) this.iframe.document.open().close();
+          this._updateHash(this.iframe.location, frag, options.replace);
+        }
+
+      // If you've told us that you explicitly don't want fallback hashchange-
+      // based history, then `navigate` becomes a page refresh.
+      } else {
+        window.location.assign(this.options.root + fragment);
+      }
+      if (options.trigger) this.loadUrl(fragment);
+    },
+
+    // Update the hash location, either replacing the current entry, or adding
+    // a new one to the browser history.
+    _updateHash: function(location, fragment, replace) {
+      if (replace) {
+        location.replace(location.toString().replace(/(javascript:|#).*$/, '') + '#' + fragment);
+      } else {
+        location.hash = fragment;
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  // Backbone.View
+  // -------------
+
+  // Creating a Backbone.View creates its initial element outside of the DOM,
+  // if an existing element is not provided...
+  Backbone.View = function(options) {
+    this.cid = _.uniqueId('view');
+    this._configure(options || {});
+    this._ensureElement();
+    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+    this.delegateEvents();
+  };
+
+  // Cached regex to split keys for `delegate`.
+  var eventSplitter = /^(\S+)\s*(.*)$/;
+
+  // List of view options to be merged as properties.
+  var viewOptions = ['model', 'collection', 'el', 'id', 'attributes', 'className', 'tagName'];
+
+  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.View** properties and methods.
+  _.extend(Backbone.View.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+    // The default `tagName` of a View's element is `"div"`.
+    tagName: 'div',
+
+    // jQuery delegate for element lookup, scoped to DOM elements within the
+    // current view. This should be prefered to global lookups where possible.
+    $: function(selector) {
+      return this.$el.find(selector);
+    },
+
+    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
+    // initialization logic.
+    initialize: function(){},
+
+    // **render** is the core function that your view should override, in order
+    // to populate its element (`this.el`), with the appropriate HTML. The
+    // convention is for **render** to always return `this`.
+    render: function() {
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Remove this view from the DOM. Note that the view isn't present in the
+    // DOM by default, so calling this method may be a no-op.
+    remove: function() {
+      this.$el.remove();
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // For small amounts of DOM Elements, where a full-blown template isn't
+    // needed, use **make** to manufacture elements, one at a time.
+    //
+    //     var el = this.make('li', {'class': 'row'}, this.model.escape('title'));
+    //
+    make: function(tagName, attributes, content) {
+      var el = document.createElement(tagName);
+      if (attributes) $(el).attr(attributes);
+      if (content) $(el).html(content);
+      return el;
+    },
+
+    // Change the view's element (`this.el` property), including event
+    // re-delegation.
+    setElement: function(element, delegate) {
+      this.$el = $(element);
+      this.el = this.$el[0];
+      if (delegate !== false) this.delegateEvents();
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Set callbacks, where `this.events` is a hash of
+    //
+    // *{"event selector": "callback"}*
+    //
+    //     {
+    //       'mousedown .title':  'edit',
+    //       'click .button':     'save'
+    //       'click .open':       function(e) { ... }
+    //     }
+    //
+    // pairs. Callbacks will be bound to the view, with `this` set properly.
+    // Uses event delegation for efficiency.
+    // Omitting the selector binds the event to `this.el`.
+    // This only works for delegate-able events: not `focus`, `blur`, and
+    // not `change`, `submit`, and `reset` in Internet Explorer.
+    delegateEvents: function(events) {
+      if (!(events || (events = getValue(this, 'events')))) return;
+      this.undelegateEvents();
+      for (var key in events) {
+        var method = events[key];
+        if (!_.isFunction(method)) method = this[events[key]];
+        if (!method) throw new Error('Event "' + events[key] + '" does not exist');
+        var match = key.match(eventSplitter);
+        var eventName = match[1], selector = match[2];
+        method = _.bind(method, this);
+        eventName += '.delegateEvents' + this.cid;
+        if (selector === '') {
+          this.$el.bind(eventName, method);
+        } else {
+          this.$el.delegate(selector, eventName, method);
+        }
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Clears all callbacks previously bound to the view with `delegateEvents`.
+    // You usually don't need to use this, but may wish to if you have multiple
+    // Backbone views attached to the same DOM element.
+    undelegateEvents: function() {
+      this.$el.unbind('.delegateEvents' + this.cid);
+    },
+
+    // Performs the initial configuration of a View with a set of options.
+    // Keys with special meaning *(model, collection, id, className)*, are
+    // attached directly to the view.
+    _configure: function(options) {
+      if (this.options) options = _.extend({}, this.options, options);
+      for (var i = 0, l = viewOptions.length; i < l; i++) {
+        var attr = viewOptions[i];
+        if (options[attr]) this[attr] = options[attr];
+      }
+      this.options = options;
+    },
+
+    // Ensure that the View has a DOM element to render into.
+    // If `this.el` is a string, pass it through `$()`, take the first
+    // matching element, and re-assign it to `el`. Otherwise, create
+    // an element from the `id`, `className` and `tagName` properties.
+    _ensureElement: function() {
+      if (!this.el) {
+        var attrs = getValue(this, 'attributes') || {};
+        if (this.id) attrs.id = this.id;
+        if (this.className) attrs['class'] = this.className;
+        this.setElement(this.make(this.tagName, attrs), false);
+      } else {
+        this.setElement(this.el, false);
+      }
+    }
+
+  });
+
+  // The self-propagating extend function that Backbone classes use.
+  var extend = function (protoProps, classProps) {
+    var child = inherits(this, protoProps, classProps);
+    child.extend = this.extend;
+    return child;
+  };
+
+  // Set up inheritance for the model, collection, and view.
+  Backbone.Model.extend = Backbone.Collection.extend =
+    Backbone.Router.extend = Backbone.View.extend = extend;
+
+  // Backbone.sync
+  // -------------
+
+  // Map from CRUD to HTTP for our default `Backbone.sync` implementation.
+  var methodMap = {
+    'create': 'POST',
+    'update': 'PUT',
+    'delete': 'DELETE',
+    'read':   'GET'
+  };
+
+  // Override this function to change the manner in which Backbone persists
+  // models to the server. You will be passed the type of request, and the
+  // model in question. By default, makes a RESTful Ajax request
+  // to the model's `url()`. Some possible customizations could be:
+  //
+  // * Use `setTimeout` to batch rapid-fire updates into a single request.
+  // * Send up the models as XML instead of JSON.
+  // * Persist models via WebSockets instead of Ajax.
+  //
+  // Turn on `Backbone.emulateHTTP` in order to send `PUT` and `DELETE` requests
+  // as `POST`, with a `_method` parameter containing the true HTTP method,
+  // as well as all requests with the body as `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`
+  // instead of `application/json` with the model in a param named `model`.
+  // Useful when interfacing with server-side languages like **PHP** that make
+  // it difficult to read the body of `PUT` requests.
+  Backbone.sync = function(method, model, options) {
+    var type = methodMap[method];
+
+    // Default JSON-request options.
+    var params = {type: type, dataType: 'json'};
+
+    // Ensure that we have a URL.
+    if (!options.url) {
+      params.url = getValue(model, 'url') || urlError();
+    }
+
+    // Ensure that we have the appropriate request data.
+    if (!options.data && model && (method == 'create' || method == 'update')) {
+      params.contentType = 'application/json';
+      params.data = JSON.stringify(model.toJSON());
+    }
+
+    // For older servers, emulate JSON by encoding the request into an HTML-form.
+    if (Backbone.emulateJSON) {
+      params.contentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
+      params.data = params.data ? {model: params.data} : {};
+    }
+
+    // For older servers, emulate HTTP by mimicking the HTTP method with `_method`
+    // And an `X-HTTP-Method-Override` header.
+    if (Backbone.emulateHTTP) {
+      if (type === 'PUT' || type === 'DELETE') {
+        if (Backbone.emulateJSON) params.data._method = type;
+        params.type = 'POST';
+        params.beforeSend = function(xhr) {
+          xhr.setRequestHeader('X-HTTP-Method-Override', type);
+        };
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Don't process data on a non-GET request.
+    if (params.type !== 'GET' && !Backbone.emulateJSON) {
+      params.processData = false;
+    }
+
+    // Make the request, allowing the user to override any Ajax options.
+    return $.ajax(_.extend(params, options));
+  };
+
+  // Wrap an optional error callback with a fallback error event.
+  Backbone.wrapError = function(onError, originalModel, options) {
+    return function(model, resp) {
+      resp = model === originalModel ? resp : model;
+      if (onError) {
+        onError(originalModel, resp, options);
+      } else {
+        originalModel.trigger('error', originalModel, resp, options);
+      }
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Helpers
+  // -------
+
+  // Shared empty constructor function to aid in prototype-chain creation.
+  var ctor = function(){};
+
+  // Helper function to correctly set up the prototype chain, for subclasses.
+  // Similar to `goog.inherits`, but uses a hash of prototype properties and
+  // class properties to be extended.
+  var inherits = function(parent, protoProps, staticProps) {
+    var child;
+
+    // The constructor function for the new subclass is either defined by you
+    // (the "constructor" property in your `extend` definition), or defaulted
+    // by us to simply call the parent's constructor.
+    if (protoProps && protoProps.hasOwnProperty('constructor')) {
+      child = protoProps.constructor;
+    } else {
+      child = function(){ parent.apply(this, arguments); };
+    }
+
+    // Inherit class (static) properties from parent.
+    _.extend(child, parent);
+
+    // Set the prototype chain to inherit from `parent`, without calling
+    // `parent`'s constructor function.
+    ctor.prototype = parent.prototype;
+    child.prototype = new ctor();
+
+    // Add prototype properties (instance properties) to the subclass,
+    // if supplied.
+    if (protoProps) _.extend(child.prototype, protoProps);
+
+    // Add static properties to the constructor function, if supplied.
+    if (staticProps) _.extend(child, staticProps);
+
+    // Correctly set child's `prototype.constructor`.
+    child.prototype.constructor = child;
+
+    // Set a convenience property in case the parent's prototype is needed later.
+    child.__super__ = parent.prototype;
+
+    return child;
+  };
+
+  // Helper function to get a value from a Backbone object as a property
+  // or as a function.
+  var getValue = function(object, prop) {
+    if (!(object && object[prop])) return null;
+    return _.isFunction(object[prop]) ? object[prop]() : object[prop];
+  };
+
+  // Throw an error when a URL is needed, and none is supplied.
+  var urlError = function() {
+    throw new Error('A "url" property or function must be specified');
+  };
+
+}).call(this);